JP3795719B2 - Gear mold - Google Patents

Gear mold Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3795719B2
JP3795719B2 JP36537399A JP36537399A JP3795719B2 JP 3795719 B2 JP3795719 B2 JP 3795719B2 JP 36537399 A JP36537399 A JP 36537399A JP 36537399 A JP36537399 A JP 36537399A JP 3795719 B2 JP3795719 B2 JP 3795719B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
cavity
tooth profile
gear
die
mold
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP36537399A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2001179387A (en
Inventor
智義 岡田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
O Oka Corp
Original Assignee
O Oka Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by O Oka Corp filed Critical O Oka Corp
Priority to JP36537399A priority Critical patent/JP3795719B2/en
Publication of JP2001179387A publication Critical patent/JP2001179387A/en
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Publication of JP3795719B2 publication Critical patent/JP3795719B2/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21KMAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
    • B21K1/00Making machine elements
    • B21K1/28Making machine elements wheels; discs
    • B21K1/30Making machine elements wheels; discs with gear-teeth

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、高精度の歯形を有した歯車の成形方法、及びその歯車成形型に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
鍛造手段を利用して形成される歯車は、歯車形成用のダイに、歯形形成部を有したキャビティを設け、そのキャビティ内に素材を押し込み加圧することで、素材の周囲に歯形を据え込み或いは絞り加工している。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
歯形成形部内の奥まで素材を張り出させて充満させるためには、加圧力を上げれば上げるほど効果的ではあるものの、ワークを加圧することによってキャビティ内は高負荷の状態になるため、加圧力を上げすぎるとコーナ部に応力が集中して割れが生じ、その割れの部分が欠け始めると、使用不能になるのは必至である。
その反面、加圧力が弱いと歯形の張り出しが不充分となって欠肉を生じることになり、前記のように加圧力を高めればダイの寿命を縮めてしまうといった裏腹の関係にあるため、工程を増やしたり型構造を工夫するなどして凌いでいるのが実状である。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、耐圧荷重の高い歯車鍛造技術の提供にあり、その構成は、キャビティの内周面に歯形成形部を有した歯車成形用ダイを放射状に分割すると共に、外周をリング部材にて締着し、分割されることにより形成された全ピースを、前記リング部材に許容されている伸びの範囲内にて放射状に広がる方向へ移動可能とした歯車成形型にある。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係る歯車の成形方法及び成形型を、図面に基づいて説明する。
図1は型を模式的に示したもので、1はダイ、2はそのダイ内に形成されたキャビティであって、キャビティ2の中心にはマンドレル3が立設され、キャビティ2の内周面には歯形形成部4,4・・が設けられ、ダイ1は、歯形形成部4,4・・の角部から放射方向に延びた垂直割り面によってピース1a,1b,1c・・・に分割されている。
そしてそれらのピース1a,1b,1c・・・は、周囲からリング部材5で強固に締着されている。
【0006】
成形型1の上方にはパンチ6が配備されており、そのパンチ6によってワークがキャビティ3内に押し込み加圧され、歯車が据え込み加工されるようになっている。
図2は成型工程を示したもので、パンチ5によりワーク7をキャビティ2内に押し込むと同時に、ダイ1はワーク7の押し込み圧によって、全ピース1a,1b,1c・・・が金属製のリング部材5に許容されている伸び量の範囲内にて、放射状に拡がる方向へ移動し、キャビティ2が押し拡げられる。
キャビティの押し拡がりに伴って各ピース1a,1b,1c・・・の境には間隙が生じ、歯形形成部の部分は若干大きくなる。
この状態でワーク外周部の張り出し量は歯形形成部が若干大きくなることにより必要な歯形部分のボリュームが確保されるが、細部の張り出しは不完全である(図3のa)。
加圧力が解除されると、各ピース1a,1b,1c・・・はそれまで伸ばされていたリング部材5の作用で、いわゆるスプリングバックが働き、全ピース1a,1b,1c・・・が中心に向かって一斉に収束する方向へ移動する。
それに伴い、それまで拡大されていたキャビティ3が一気に収縮し、歯形は各ピース1a,1b,1c・・・の戻り力によって矯正され、欠肉のないシャープな歯形の製品8が形成される(図3のb)。
【0007】
即ち、据え込み時に歯形を一旦ボリュームアップさせておき、再加圧で型締めすることによってシェイプアップして歯形の精度アップを図るのである。
【0008】
前記加圧過程では、加圧力の作用でキャビティは一旦拡がり、加圧力が失われると前記加圧力に匹敵する力で収縮して型締め作用が働くので、再加圧するための加圧力は不要である。
又、各ピース1a,1b,1c・・・が放射方向に移動することで、キャビティが拡がると同時にピース1a,1b,1c・・・同士の境に間隙が生じ、その隙間からキャビティ内に閉じこめられたエアが抜けるので、キャビティ内に塵や埃が入っていてもエアと一緒にキャビティ外へ吹き飛ばされ、歯形の表面精度に影響しない。
更に、高い加圧力が加わっても、ピースの移動により応力集中が吸収されるのでダイの破壊が防止される。
【0009】
各ピースとパンチとにそれぞれキャビティが拡がる方向に昇り傾斜を設ければ、効果はより大きくなる。
つまり、カム作用を利用し、パンチの加圧力でピースをダイレクトに移動させて、拡がり量をコントロールすることができる。
【0010】
このように過剰な加圧力をピースの移動により吸収して型に加わる負担を軽減すると共に、吸収した過剰圧力を型締めに利用してワークを二段階に加圧するので、ダイを破損から守ると共に、歯形の精度アップと歯形の欠肉防止とを一挙に解決できる。
【0011】
本発明において、分割数や割り面は実施例に限定されるものでなく、割り面は必ずしも角部に形成しなければならないものではなく、例えば図4に例示するように、各ピース1a,1b,1cを歯先面の中央部から分割することもできる。
【0012】
【発明の効果】
加圧することによってワークがキャビティ内に押し込まれると、ワークの押し込み圧により分割された各ピースが、リング部材の締着力に抗して放射状に拡がる方向に移動して応力を吸収し、ダイへの負担を軽減すると共に、キャビティを拡大して歯形の張り出し量を増加させる。
そして加圧力が解除されると、スプリングバック作用で各ピースは中心に向って収束し、ワークは型締め作用により再加圧されることにより、歯形のシェイプアップが図られ、欠肉のない精度の高い歯形が形成される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る歯車成形型の説明図である。
【図2】成形工程の説明図である。
【図3】歯形の張り出し作用及びダイによる型締め作用についての説明図である。
【図4】割り面の変更例を示した説明図である。
【符号の説明】
1・・ダイ、1a,1b,1c・・・ピース、2・・キャビティ、3・・マンドレル、4・・歯形形成部、5・・リング部材、6・・パンチ、7・・ワーク、8・・製品。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for forming a gear having a highly accurate tooth profile, and a gear forming die thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A gear formed by using forging means is provided with a cavity having a tooth profile forming portion in a gear forming die, and the tooth profile is placed around the material by pressing and pressing the material into the cavity. Drawing process.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Although it is more effective to increase the pressurizing force in order to fill the material into the tooth forming part, the pressurizing force increases the load in the cavity. If the height is increased too much, stress concentrates on the corner and cracks occur, and if the cracks begin to chip, it is inevitable that they will become unusable.
On the other hand, if the applied pressure is weak, the tooth profile will not be sufficiently overhanged, resulting in a lack of thickness. The reality is that it has surpassed by increasing the number of parts and devising the mold structure.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is to provide a gear forging technology with a high pressure load, and the structure thereof is to radially divide a gear forming die having a tooth forming portion on the inner peripheral surface of the cavity and tighten the outer periphery with a ring member. wear, and the whole piece which is formed by being divided, in the gear mold and movable in the direction extending radially in the range of elongation amount that is allowed to the ring member.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A gear molding method and mold according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 schematically shows a mold, wherein 1 is a die, 2 is a cavity formed in the die, and a mandrel 3 is erected at the center of the cavity 2. Are provided with tooth profile forming portions 4, 4,..., And the die 1 is divided into pieces 1a, 1b, 1c,... By vertical dividing surfaces extending radially from the corners of the tooth profile forming portions 4, 4,. Has been.
These pieces 1a, 1b, 1c... Are firmly fastened by ring members 5 from the periphery.
[0006]
A punch 6 is provided above the mold 1, and the workpiece is pushed into the cavity 3 and pressed by the punch 6 so that the gear is upset.
FIG. 2 shows the molding process. At the same time as the workpiece 7 is pushed into the cavity 2 by the punch 5, the die 1 is made of a metal ring with all the pieces 1a, 1b, 1c. Within the range of the amount of elongation allowed for the member 5, the cavity 2 moves in the radial direction and the cavity 2 is expanded.
As the cavity expands, a gap is formed at the boundary between the pieces 1a, 1b, 1c,..., And the tooth profile forming portion becomes slightly larger.
In this state, the projecting amount of the outer peripheral part of the work is slightly increased in the tooth profile forming part, so that the necessary volume of the tooth profile part is secured, but the detail projecting is incomplete (a in FIG. 3).
When the applied pressure is released, each piece 1a, 1b, 1c,... Operates by the ring member 5 that has been stretched so far, so-called springback is activated, and all the pieces 1a, 1b, 1c,. Move toward the direction of convergence at once.
Along with this, the cavity 3 that has been expanded until then contracts all at once, and the tooth profile is corrected by the return force of each piece 1a, 1b, 1c... FIG. 3 b).
[0007]
In other words, the tooth profile is temporarily increased in volume at the time of upsetting, and the shape is increased by re-pressurizing the mold to improve the accuracy of the tooth profile.
[0008]
In the pressurizing process, the cavity is once expanded by the action of the pressurizing force, and when the pressurizing force is lost, the mold is contracted by a force comparable to the pressurizing force, so that the pressurizing force for repressurizing is unnecessary is there.
Further, as each piece 1a, 1b, 1c,... Moves in the radial direction, the cavity expands, and at the same time, a gap is formed at the boundary between the pieces 1a, 1b, 1c,. Since the air is released, even if dust or dirt enters the cavity, it is blown out of the cavity together with the air, and the surface accuracy of the tooth profile is not affected.
Further, even when a high pressure is applied, the stress concentration is absorbed by the movement of the pieces, so that the die is prevented from being broken.
[0009]
The effect will be greater if each piece and punch is provided with a rising slope in the direction in which the cavity expands.
In other words, the amount of spread can be controlled by using the cam action and moving the piece directly with the pressing force of the punch.
[0010]
In this way, excessive pressure is absorbed by moving the piece to reduce the load on the mold, and the absorbed excess pressure is used for mold clamping to pressurize the workpiece in two stages, thus protecting the die from breakage This can improve the accuracy of the tooth profile and prevent the tooth profile from being thinned.
[0011]
In the present invention, the number of divisions and the split surface are not limited to the embodiment, and the split surface does not necessarily have to be formed at the corners. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 4, each piece 1a, 1b , 1c can also be divided from the center of the tooth tip surface.
[0012]
【The invention's effect】
When the workpiece is pushed into the cavity by pressurizing, each piece divided by the pushing pressure of the workpiece moves in a radial direction against the fastening force of the ring member to absorb the stress, In addition to reducing the burden, the cavity is enlarged to increase the extension of the tooth profile.
When the applied pressure is released, each piece converges toward the center by the spring back action, and the workpiece is re-pressurized by the mold clamping action, so that the tooth profile is shaped, and there is no lack of precision. A high tooth profile is formed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a gear forming die according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a molding process.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a tooth profile overhanging action and a die clamping action with a die.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing an example of changing a split surface.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ·· Die, 1a, 1b, 1c ··· Piece, 2 · Cavity, 3 · Mandrel, 4 · · Tooth profile forming portion, 5 · · Ring member, 6 · · Punch, 7 · · Workpiece, 8 ·・ Products.

Claims (1)

キャビティの内周面に歯形成形部を有した歯車成形用ダイを放射状に分割すると共に、外周をリング部材にて締着し、分割されることにより形成された全ピースを、前記リング部材に許容されている伸び量の範囲内にて放射状に広がる方向へ移動可能とした歯車成形型 The gear forming die having the tooth forming portion on the inner peripheral surface of the cavity is radially divided, and the outer periphery is fastened with a ring member, and all pieces formed by the division are allowed to the ring member. A gear mold that can move in the direction of radial expansion within the range of elongation .
JP36537399A 1999-12-22 1999-12-22 Gear mold Expired - Fee Related JP3795719B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP36537399A JP3795719B2 (en) 1999-12-22 1999-12-22 Gear mold

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP36537399A JP3795719B2 (en) 1999-12-22 1999-12-22 Gear mold

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Publication Number Publication Date
JP2001179387A JP2001179387A (en) 2001-07-03
JP3795719B2 true JP3795719B2 (en) 2006-07-12

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JP36537399A Expired - Fee Related JP3795719B2 (en) 1999-12-22 1999-12-22 Gear mold

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Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP4907846B2 (en) * 2004-03-12 2012-04-04 大岡技研株式会社 Gear, gear manufacturing method and apparatus
JP4543771B2 (en) * 2004-06-21 2010-09-15 日産自動車株式会社 Gear rolling method and rolling apparatus
JP2006305690A (en) * 2005-04-28 2006-11-09 Cleartec:Kk Forged gear
KR101137759B1 (en) 2009-12-10 2012-04-24 한국기계연구원 A Forward extrusion mold for forming of helical gear
CN109702131B (en) * 2019-03-07 2020-05-29 上海电机学院 Die for multidirectional die forging of three-lug cylindrical support and die forging forming method
CN110434263B (en) * 2019-09-17 2020-12-25 哈尔滨工业大学 Shunting and depressurizing composite forming method for precision forging of straight spur gear and die thereof
CN112371890B (en) * 2020-09-30 2022-01-21 贵州安大航空锻造有限责任公司 Ti2Fetal membrane forming method for AlNb-based alloy deep-groove special-shaped ring piece

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS61279329A (en) * 1985-06-05 1986-12-10 Honda Motor Co Ltd Gear forming metallic die
JPH0428445A (en) * 1990-05-24 1992-01-31 Komatsu Ltd Method for working gear
JP3758103B2 (en) * 1997-04-22 2006-03-22 コマツ産機株式会社 Upset forging method
JP3839566B2 (en) * 1997-10-13 2006-11-01 本田技研工業株式会社 Method and apparatus for forging of constant velocity universal joint inner ring

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