JP3794837B2 - Thermal barrier paint and coating method thereof - Google Patents

Thermal barrier paint and coating method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3794837B2
JP3794837B2 JP30596898A JP30596898A JP3794837B2 JP 3794837 B2 JP3794837 B2 JP 3794837B2 JP 30596898 A JP30596898 A JP 30596898A JP 30596898 A JP30596898 A JP 30596898A JP 3794837 B2 JP3794837 B2 JP 3794837B2
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Prior art keywords
pigment
resin
paint
coating
heat
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JP2000129172A (en
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啓吾 木下
憲康 野田
典之 深江
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Housetec Inc
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Housetec Inc
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、太陽熱等に対して遮蔽効果を有する遮熱性塗料及びその塗装方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、濃彩色の塗料であっても熱としての吸収が少なく、そのため優れた耐候性を発揮する遮熱性塗料及びその塗装方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
省エネルギー等の観点から、太陽熱等に対して遮蔽効果を有する遮熱性塗料について、従来数多くの提案がなされている。しかし、それらの多くが白色又はそれに近い淡彩色に限ったものであり、黒色又はそれに近い濃彩色についてのものではない。濃彩色の塗料には通常、カーボンブラックや鉄黒等の顔料が使用されるが、これらは淡彩色に比較すると、紫外から近赤外領域にわたる広い波長域で太陽光を吸収しやすく、そのため塗膜を通じて屋内等の温度上昇を招く。さらに、塗膜中の樹脂が熱劣化することによって、塗膜の白亜化、変退色等を引き起こす。これらの現象は特に、濃彩色でかつ艶消しの塗膜においてより顕著に見られる。
【0003】
黒色又は濃彩色の遮熱性塗料に関する従来技術として、紫外及び近赤外領域で高い反射率を示す赤、橙、黄、緑、青、紫系顔料のいずれか2種以上を、加法混色することによりマンセル記号N−1の黒とする技術が特開平4−255769号で開示されている。この技術により、近赤外領域において吸収を示さない塗膜が得られ温度上昇を抑えることができるが、一方で加法混色した各顔料の耐候性が異なるため、使用中に耐候性の弱い顔料が変退色することによって塗膜全体の色合いが本来の黒色から紫、緑、オレンジ色等に変色するという問題点がある。また、加法混色によってマンセル記号N−1の黒を調整することは極めて難しい。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
以上述べたように、従来の黒色又は濃彩色の遮熱性塗料は、耐候性、保色性等の点で不十分であり、また塗料の色相調整も困難であった。そこで本発明は、黒色又は濃彩色の塗料であっても、近赤外領域の反射特性に優れ、そのため塗膜の温度上昇を防ぐことができて耐候性に優れる新規遮熱性塗料を提供するものである。さらに遮熱性塗料の耐候性をより効果的に発揮させることができる塗装方法を提供するものである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するため、本発明は、可視領域で吸収を示し近赤外領域では反射を示す黒色の顔料であって、JIS A 5759に定義される日射反射率が15%以上、かつCIE1976L* a* b* 色空間におけるL* 値が24以下のアゾメチンアゾ系顔料又は焼成顔料と、アクリル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、シリコン変性ポリエステル樹脂、シリコン変性アクリル樹脂、アルキッド樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、及びフッ素系樹脂の少なくとも一種以上、並びに必要に応じてイソシアネート、メラミン樹脂の少なくとも一種以上が含有された耐候性に優れるビヒクルと、比重が0.16〜0.6であるホウ化ケイ素セラミックバルーンと、脂肪酸アマイド/微粒シリカの複合系、脂肪酸アマイド/有機ベントナイト/微粒シリカの複合系から選ばれる構造保持剤とを含有する塗料としたことを特徴とする。
【0006】
さらに本発明は、前記顔料の含有量が、塗料の樹脂固形分100重量部に対して7〜110重量部であることを特徴とする。
【0007】
さらに本発明の遮熱性塗料は、含有する顔料の平均粒子径が50μm以下に分散されていることを特徴とする。
【0009】
さらに本発明は、上述の遮熱性塗料を、塗膜厚が8μm以上になるように塗装し、必要に応じて、下塗り及び/又は上塗りを施すことを特徴とする遮熱性塗料の塗装方法である。下塗り及び/又は上塗りを施すことにより、塗膜全体としての耐久性、耐候性、耐汚染性等をより高めることができる。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。
【0011】
本発明の塗料は、可視領域で吸収を示し近赤外領域では反射を示す顔料(以下、濃彩色反射顔料という)を用いることを特徴とする。可視領域で吸収を示すため、従来のカーボンブラック等と同様に、黒色、濃茶色等の濃彩色を呈する。しかし、近赤外領域において光吸収がなく、高い反射率を有するため、熱エネルギーの吸収がなく塗膜の温度上昇を防ぐことができる。そのため塗膜の熱劣化を抑制することができる。
【0012】
上記の濃彩色反射顔料としては、JIS A 5759建築用熱線遮蔽及びガラス飛散防止フィルムで定義される350〜2100nmの領域における日射反射率が15%以上である顔料が用いられる。なお、本特許の日射反射率データは、十分に隠蔽された状態、具体的には隠蔽率が約1.0の塗膜において測定される。
【0013】
また濃彩色反射顔料は、日射反射率が15%以上であると同時に、CIE1976L* a* b* 色空間におけるL* 値が24以下のものを用いる。L* 値が24以下であることは黒色又はそれに近い濃彩色であることを意味する。以上のような条件を満たす顔料の具体例としては、商品名クロモファインブラックA−1103(大日精化工業(株)製)のアゾメチアゾ系顔料、及び焼成顔料が挙げられる。
【0014】
塗料中の濃彩色反射顔料の含有量としては,塗料の用途、耐候性等を考慮して適宜設定することができるが、含有量が少ないと隠蔽力が不足して塗料本来の美観の役割を十分発揮できず、かつ下塗等の劣化を生じやすくなり、逆に含有量が多いと、塗膜が脆くなりかつコストも高くなるため、塗料の樹脂固形分100重量部に対して7〜110重量部が好ましい。
【0015】
さらに本発明の遮熱性塗料は、耐候性の優れたビヒクルを用いることを特徴とする。ここでいう耐候性に優れたビヒクルとは、耐黄変性、保色性、光沢保持性、耐薬品性、及び耐白亜化性等に優れたビヒクルをいい、水溶性型及び溶剤型、あるいは常温乾燥型及び焼き付け型のいずれも用いることができる。このようなビヒクルを上述の濃彩色反射顔料と共に用いることにより、塗膜全体としての優れた耐候性を得ることができる。
【0016】
上記の耐候性の優れたビヒクルの具体例としては、その主成分に、アクリル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、シリコン変性ポリエステル樹脂、シリコン変性アクリル樹脂、アルキッド樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、及びフッ素系樹脂等を用いたものを挙げることができ、その中でもポリエステル樹脂、フッ素系樹脂は好適に用いられる。また必要に応じ、各種イソシアネート、メラミン樹脂等の硬化剤を用いることができる。
【0017】
本発明の塗料には、上記の濃彩色反射顔料に加えて、カーボンブラックや鉄黒等の従来の黒色顔料を除いた着色顔料を少なくとも一種以上と、白色顔料(以下、着色顔料等という)とを含有することができる。白色顔料は必要に応じて用いればよく、したがって濃彩色反射顔料以外の顔料として、着色顔料のみの場合と着色及び白色顔料を用いる場合が適用可能である。着色顔料等を含有することによって様々な色の塗料を調整することができる。従来のカーボンブラック等の黒色顔料を混色する場合に比較すると、塗膜の熱エネルギーの吸収が少ないため変退色等が起こりにくい。
【0018】
上記着色顔料としては、通常用いられる各種顔料が適用可能であるが、その中でも、JIS A 5759に定義される350〜2100nmの領域における日射反射率が12%以上の顔料が好適に用いられる。なお、本特許の日射反射率データは十分に隠蔽された塗膜において測定される。この条件を満たす着色顔料の例としては、モノアゾ系エロー(商品名ホスターパームエローH3G:ヘキスト(株)製)等の黄色系顔料、酸化鉄(商品名トダカラー120ED:戸田工業(株)製)、キナクリドンレッド(Hostaperm Red E2B70:ヘキスト(株)製)等の赤色系顔料、フタロシアニンブルー(商品名シヤニンブルーSPG−8:大日本インキ(株)製)等の青色系顔料、フタロシヤニングリーン(商品名シヤニングリーン5310:大日精化工業(株)製)等の緑色系顔料等が挙げられる。
【0019】
また前記白色顔料としても、特に限定されるものではなく、具体例として酸化チタン、亜鉛華等の顔料を適宜用いることができる。酸化チタンはルチル型、アナターゼ型共に適用可能であるが、ルチル型の酸化チタンが特に好適に用いられる。
【0020】
濃彩色反射顔料と着色顔料等を組み合わせて用いる場合の含有量は、塗料の樹脂固形分100重量部に対してそれぞれ、濃彩色反射顔料を7〜110重量部、着色顔料を7〜110重量部、及び白色顔料を40〜230重量部とすることが好ましい。これ以外の範囲では、含有量が少ないと隠蔽力が不足し、含有量が多いと塗装作業性、耐久性に劣るため不適当である。
【0021】
また顔料全体としての含有量は、塗料の樹脂固形分100重量部に対して7〜150重量部とすることが好ましい。含有量は所定の量より少ないと、塗膜の隠蔽力が十分に得られず太陽光等が透過しやすくなるため温度上昇が起こり塗膜劣化の原因となる。また隠蔽力を得るため膜厚を厚くすると塗装作業性に支障をきたすため不適当である。逆に所定の量より多いと、塗膜表面の顔料が一部むき出しになるため平滑度が低下し、水分、光、熱等に対する耐性も著しく損なわれるため不適当である。
【0022】
塗料化するための分散工程における、上記の濃彩色反射顔料及び着色顔料等の分散度は、塗料の種類、用途等によって設定することができ特に限定されるものではないが、平均粒子径が50μm以下になるように分散することが好ましく、10μm以下が最も好ましい。50μm以上であると、塗膜表面が凸凹になり外観を損なうと共に、粗い塗膜表面に塵埃等が付着しやすくなり、塗膜温度が上がりやすくなって耐候性、耐汚染性、色安定性等が悪化するため不適当である。
【0023】
顔料を分散させる際に用いる分散媒体としては鉄以外のものを用いることが好ましい。鉄製の分散媒体は着色汚染によって顔料の日射反射率を低下させるため不適当である。鉄以外の分散媒体の具体例としては、陶磁製、ガラスビーズ、フリント石等が挙げられ、この中でもガラスビーズは容易に入手可能であり経済性にも優れるため好適に用いられる。分散媒体の粒度、充填量、及び顔料分散機の種類等は特に限定されるものではないが、実施形態の具体例として、3〜1.5mmのガラスビーズをサンドグラインドミル容量の約80%充填する場合を挙げることができる。
【0024】
本発明の遮熱性塗料には上記の顔料及びビヒクルに加えて、反射機能及び断熱機能を有する骨材を含有することができる。骨材の具体例としてはセラミックバルーンの中空粒子が挙げられる。これらの骨材は反射機能及び断熱機能を有するため上述の濃彩色反射顔料とあいまって、塗膜の遮熱性、耐候性をさらに向上させることができる。ホウ化ケイ素系等のセラミックバルーンはその表層及び殻内で太陽光等を反射することができ、中空で断熱性にも優れているため好適に用いられる。さらに、セラミックバルーンは、構造保持剤と共に用いることが好ましい。ここで述べるセラミックバルーン及び構造保持剤を含有する塗料については、本発明者らが特願平10−130742号で既に提案したものである。セラミックバルーンは比重が1より小さいため単独で用いた場合には塗料の表面に浮きやすくなり、そのため塗料表層の溶剤が揮発していわゆる皮張り現象を起こし、貯蔵安定性が悪くなるという問題があるが、構造保持剤を含有させることによって、塗料中に構造粘性が付与され、バルーンを均一に分布させることができ、貯蔵安定性は向上する。またバルーンを含有する塗膜は耐水性を有するため総合的な耐候性をさらに向上することができる。
【0025】
本発明において適用可能な、セラミックバルーン及び構造保持剤の種類、含有量等の条件は特願平10−130742号で開示する条件と同様であるが、それに加えて濃彩色反射顔料との相乗効果により最適な耐候性を得るために以下の条件が好ましく用いられる。すなわち、バルーンの粒子径は5〜110μmが好ましい。110μmより大きいと塗膜が凸凹になるため不適当である。粒径分布は累計50%領域で30〜65μm、90%累計で50〜110μmが好ましい。またバルーンの比重は0.16〜0.6が好ましい。さらにバルーンの強度は20〜750kgf/cm2 の範囲が好ましい。この範囲より小さいとバルーンが塗料製造時に破壊されやすく、逆に大きいとバルーンの殻が厚くなり遮熱効果が低下するため不適当である。さらに構造保持剤の種類としては、脂肪酸アマイド/微粒シリカの複合系、有機ベントナイト/微粒シリカの複合系、及び脂肪酸アマイド/有機ベントナイト/微粒シリカの複合系、酸化ポリエチレンワックス/微粒シリカの複合系等が好適に用いられる。
【0026】
さらに、本発明の塗料は、通常用いられる種々の添加剤を含有することができる。具体的には、色分かれ防止剤、沈殿防止剤、表面調整剤、潤滑剤、可塑剤、消泡剤、防腐剤、凍結防止剤、硬化剤、顔料分散剤、乳化剤、乾燥剤、紫外線吸収剤、防かび剤、抗菌剤等が挙げられる。
【0027】
以上の塗料を塗布する素材としては特に限定されるものではなく、木材、コンクリート、アスベスト、金属、樹脂等の種々の素材が選択可能である。また塗布する用途は、遮熱機能を付与したい場所であれば適用でき、例えば家、工場、保冷倉庫等の建築物や、車、電車、ベンチ、冷凍車等の輸送車、貯蔵タンク、タンカー等の構造物の屋根、天井、外壁、内壁等が挙げられる。
【0028】
塗布する方法としては、目的に応じ適宜選択すれば良く、具体的にはハケ塗り、ローラー塗り、スプレー、ロールコーター塗装等が挙げられる。塗布する対象物によっては、静電塗装、カーテン塗装、浸漬法等も適用可能である。さらに塗布後、乾燥させて塗膜化させる方法についても、自然乾燥、焼き付け等の方法を用いることができ塗料の性状によって適宜選択される。
【0029】
塗膜の膜厚は、塗料や素材の性状等によって適宜設定することができるが、8μm以上になるように塗装することが好ましく、10μm以上がより好ましい。8μm以下であると隠蔽力が不足し、またセラミックバルーンを含有する場合にはバルーンが不均一に分布して十分な遮熱性能が得られない傾向がある。逆に厚すぎると、焼き付け塗料の場合はピンホールが発生し、常乾型の場合は塗料のタレが発生するため、不適当である。
【0030】
さらに、本発明の塗料を素材に塗布するにあたっては、予め下塗りを施すことができる。下塗りは、錆止めや、本発明の塗料の素材との付着性向上、また上塗り塗料との付着性向上を目的として行われ、従来知られた下塗り塗料を適宜用いることができる。具体的な下塗り塗料の種類としては、エポキシ樹脂、アルキッド樹脂、エポキシウレタン系樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂等の樹脂に、酸化チタン、防錆顔料、体質顔料等を添加したもの等が好適に用いられる。塗膜厚は素材、上塗りの種類、要求性能等を考慮して適宜決めることができる。下塗りを施すことにより本発明の塗料の付着性が高まり、塗膜の耐久性を向上させ、上塗りの適用範囲を広げることができる。
【0031】
また、本発明の塗料を塗布した後に汚染防止用クリヤー等の上塗りを施すことができる。上塗りによって、塗膜の付着性、耐水性等を向上させることができ、また大気中の塵埃による汚染を防止し日射反射率の低下を防ぐことができる。さらに艶あり塗膜を提供することができる。上塗り塗料としては、アクリル系、ポリエステル系の汚染防止用クリヤー等が適用可能であり、特に紫外線防止剤を添加したり、沈降性硫酸バリウム等の体質顔料を分散添加した有機無機複合系樹脂は、汚染防止効果が優れており好適に用いられる。さらに、上塗りの膜厚は、本発明の塗料を完全に覆うことができれば特に限定されるものではないが、5〜50μm程度とすることが好ましい。
【0032】
上記の下塗り及び上塗りは、一方のみを施すこともできるし、両方施すこともできる。また、必要に応じて中塗りを施すこともできる。中塗りは塗膜を厚くするため、耐食性を向上させたり、塗膜のわれ、剥離等に対する耐性を付与する効果を有する。どのような塗装系とするかは、用途、要求性能(耐久性、耐候性)、経済性等を考慮して適宜選択される。
【0033】
【実施例】
以下、実施例及び比較例により本発明をさらに具体的に説明するが、これによって限定されるものではない。
【0034】
1.原料
実施例で作製した塗料の原料を表1に示す。
【0035】
【表1】

Figure 0003794837
【0036】
2.塗料の作製
(1)原料を表2に示す割合で、まず樹脂L、溶剤、及び各顔料を混合した後、樹脂N、消泡剤Qを加え粘度70±5KUに調整しG1〜G8とした。なお、顔料は10μm以下に分散させ、その際の分散媒体は粒度2.1mmのガラスビーズ(商品名:ハイビーD10)を用いた。分散工程は、分散媒体500g、プレミックスペースト300gを卓上型バッチ式SGミルを用いて分散した。
【0037】
【表2】
Figure 0003794837
【0038】
(2)G1〜G8及び樹脂等を表3に示す割合で混合し、塗料サンプルP1〜P3、C1、及びC2を得た。
【0039】
【表3】
Figure 0003794837
【0040】
3.試験板の作製
表2、表3の塗料を用い、表4の塗板作製条件にて試験板を作製した。なお、下塗り塗料は、エポキシウレタン系樹脂、酸化チタン、防錆顔料、及び体質顔料からなるものである。また上塗り塗料は、表3におけるP3である。さらに、塗装方法はバーコーターで行い、焼き付けは電熱対流炉で行った。焼き付け条件は以下の通りである。
下塗り 炉温150℃×15分
本塗料 炉温150℃×20分
クリヤー 炉温150℃×20分
【0041】
4.試験方法
(1)反射率チャート
反射率の波長依存性を分光光度計を用いて測定した。測定結果を図1〜12に示す。
(2)日射反射率
塗膜の日射反射率を、JIS A 5759に定義される350〜2100nmの領域における日射反射率として測定した。その結果を表4に示す。
(3)L* 値
CIE1976L* a* b* 色空間におけるL* を、カラコムC型分光光度 計(大日精化工業(株)製)によって測定した。その結果を表4に示す。
(4)塗板温度
ランプ照射による塗板温度を測定した。まず、図13に示すようなコの字形の塗板1を成型し、成型品2つを幅方向に並べ200Wの東芝レフランプを塗板より130mmの高さから照射した。なお、図13中のa、b、及びcは成型品の寸法を表し、それぞれa=220mm、b=110mm、c=45mmである。塗板の温度は塗板の裏側中央に取り付けた温度センサー2で測定した。温度は、ランプ照射開始15〜20分でほぼ一定になるので20分後の温度を測定値とした。測定結果を表4に示す。
(5)QUV1900時間
促進曝露試験機QUVにて1900時間照射した後のΔE* を測定した。測定結果を表4に示す。
(6)カーボン汚染テスト
5%カーボン顔料水溶液を塗膜に塗布し20℃で24時間放置後、水洗いしながらスポンジたわしで軽くこすりカーボンを落とす。テスト前後の色差をΔL* 値として測定した。測定結果を表4に示す。
(7)5%NaOHテスト
20℃の5%NaOH水溶液に、試験板を24時間浸漬し、その後の塗膜状態を観察した。観察結果を以下の判定基準で評価した。
○ 異常無し
△ 塗膜に若干ブリスター有り
× 塗膜に著しくブリスター有り
(8)表5で示した配合で塗料1kgを作製し、その塗料を容器に入れ、2週間静置した後、塗料状態を観察した。その結果を以下の判定基準で評価した。
◎ バルーンの表層浮きがなく良好
○ バルーンの表層浮きが若干あるが実用性に問題なし
× バルーンの表層浮きがあり実用上問題あり
【0042】
【表4】
Figure 0003794837
【表5】
Figure 0003794837
【0043】
以上の結果より、本発明の塗料は、従来の黒色顔料を使用した場合に比較して、塗板温度を10℃以上低く抑えることができ、QUV測定から耐候性に優れていることが明らかとなった。このことは反射率チャートの近赤外領域において、本発明の塗料の反射率が大きいことからも示唆される。
【0044】
また、セラミックバルーン及び構造保持剤を含有させることにより、表4のE12及びE13からわかるように、反射性能、及び耐候性が向上することが明らかである。
【0045】
さらに表4のE7とE8、及びE9とE11を比較して、汚染防止用クリヤー等の上塗りを施すことによって、耐汚染性、耐候性等が向上することが明らかである。
【0046】
さらに表4のE16より、分散媒体として鉄を用いると遮熱性が劣化することが明らかである。
【0047】
また表5から、構造保持剤は、バルーンの浮きを防ぎ、貯蔵安定性を大きく向上させることが明らかである。
【0048】
【発明の効果】
以上、本発明によって、黒又はそれに近い濃彩色でありながら、近赤外領域での反射特性に優れ、そのため熱エネルギーの吸収が少ない耐候性に優れた塗料を得ることができた。また本発明の塗装方法は、上記塗料の優れた耐候性を最も効果的に引き出すことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 サンプルE1における反射率の波長依存性を示すグラフである。
【図2】 サンプルE2における反射率の波長依存性を示すグラフである。
【図3】 サンプルE3における反射率の波長依存性を示すグラフである。
【図4】 サンプルE4における反射率の波長依存性を示すグラフである。
【図5】 サンプルE5における反射率の波長依存性を示すグラフである。
【図6】 サンプルE6における反射率の波長依存性を示すグラフである。
【図7】 サンプルE7における反射率の波長依存性を示すグラフである。
【図8】 サンプルE12における反射率の波長依存性を示すグラフである。
【図9】 サンプルE13における反射率の波長依存性を示すグラフである。
【図10】 サンプルE14における反射率の波長依存性を示すグラフである。
【図11】 サンプルE15における反射率の波長依存性を示すグラフである。
【図12】 サンプルE16における反射率の波長依存性を示すグラフである。
【図13】 ランプの照射方法を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
1 塗板
2 温度センサー
a 成型品の寸法
b 成型品の寸法
c 成型品の寸法[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heat-shielding paint having a shielding effect against solar heat and the like, and a coating method thereof. More specifically, the present invention relates to a heat-shielding coating material that has little heat absorption even in a deep-colored coating material, and thus exhibits excellent weather resistance, and a coating method thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
From the viewpoint of energy saving and the like, many proposals have conventionally been made on heat-shielding paints having a shielding effect against solar heat and the like. However, many of them are limited to white or a light color close to it, and not about black or a dark color close to it. The pigments such as carbon black and iron black are usually used for dark paints, but they are more likely to absorb sunlight in a wider wavelength range from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared region compared to light-colored paints. The temperature rises indoors through the membrane. Further, the resin in the coating film is thermally deteriorated, thereby causing chalking, discoloration, and the like of the coating film. These phenomena are particularly noticeable in dark and matte coatings.
[0003]
Additive color mixing of two or more of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, and violet pigments exhibiting high reflectivity in the ultraviolet and near-infrared regions as a conventional technology for black or dark heat-shielding paints JP-A-4-255769 discloses a technique for making the Munsell symbol N-1 black. With this technology, a coating film that does not absorb in the near-infrared region can be obtained and the temperature rise can be suppressed, but on the other hand, the additive color-mixed pigments have different weather resistances, so that pigments with low weather resistance during use can be obtained. There is a problem in that the color of the entire coating film changes from original black to purple, green, orange, etc. due to discoloration. Further, it is extremely difficult to adjust the Munsell symbol N-1 black by additive color mixing.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, conventional black or dark-colored heat-shielding paints are insufficient in terms of weather resistance, color retention and the like, and it is difficult to adjust the hue of the paints. Therefore, the present invention provides a novel heat-insulating coating material that is excellent in reflection characteristics in the near-infrared region even if it is a black or dark-colored coating material, and therefore can prevent an increase in the temperature of the coating film and has excellent weather resistance. It is. Furthermore, the present invention provides a coating method capable of more effectively exerting the weather resistance of the heat-shielding paint.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is a black pigment that absorbs in the visible region and reflects in the near-infrared region, and has a solar reflectance as defined in JIS A 5759 of 15% or more and CIE 1976 L *. an azomethine azo pigment or calcined pigment having an L * value of 24 or less in an a * b * color space, an acrylic resin, a polyester resin, a silicon-modified polyester resin, a silicon-modified acrylic resin, an alkyd resin, a vinyl chloride resin, and a fluorine-based resin. A vehicle having excellent weather resistance, containing at least one or more of isocyanate and melamine resin as required, a silicon boride ceramic balloon having a specific gravity of 0.16 to 0.6, and fatty acid amide / fine particles silica composite systems, selected composite systems or these fatty acids amide / organic bentonite / fine silica It is characterized by having made the coating material containing the structure retention agent.
[0006]
Furthermore, the present invention is characterized in that the content of the pigment is 7 to 110 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin solid content of the paint.
[0007]
Furthermore, the heat-shielding coating material of the present invention is characterized in that the average particle diameter of the contained pigment is dispersed to 50 μm or less.
[0009]
Furthermore, the present invention is a coating method for a heat-shielding paint, characterized in that the above-mentioned heat-shielding paint is applied so that the coating thickness is 8 μm or more, and if necessary, an undercoat and / or an overcoat are applied. . By applying the undercoat and / or the topcoat, the durability, weather resistance, stain resistance and the like of the entire coating film can be further improved.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0011]
The paint of the present invention is characterized by using a pigment that absorbs in the visible region and reflects in the near-infrared region (hereinafter referred to as a deep color reflective pigment). In order to show absorption in the visible region, it exhibits a dark color such as black or dark brown, similar to conventional carbon black. However, since there is no light absorption in the near-infrared region and a high reflectance, there is no absorption of heat energy, and the temperature rise of the coating film can be prevented. Therefore, thermal deterioration of the coating film can be suppressed.
[0012]
As the dark color reflective pigment, there is used a pigment having a solar reflectance of 15% or more in a region of 350 to 2100 nm defined by a JIS A 5759 architectural heat ray shielding and glass scattering prevention film. The solar reflectance data of this patent is measured in a sufficiently concealed state, specifically, in a coating film having a concealment rate of about 1.0.
[0013]
Further, as the deep color reflective pigment, a solar reflectance is 15% or more, and at the same time, an L * value in the CIE 1976 L * a * b * color space is 24 or less. An L * value of 24 or less means that the color is black or a dark color close thereto. Specific examples of acceptable pigments as described above, Azomechi down azo pigments tradename Chromo Fine Black A-1103 (Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co., Ltd.), and firing pigment.
[0014]
The content of the dark reflective pigment in the paint can be set as appropriate in consideration of the application of the paint, weather resistance, etc. However, if the content is low, the hiding power is insufficient and the original aesthetic role is played. Since the coating cannot be sufficiently exhibited and deterioration such as undercoating tends to occur. On the contrary, if the content is large, the coating film becomes brittle and the cost increases. Part is preferred.
[0015]
Furthermore, the heat-shielding paint of the present invention is characterized by using a vehicle having excellent weather resistance. As used herein, a vehicle having excellent weather resistance refers to a vehicle having excellent yellowing resistance, color retention, gloss retention, chemical resistance, and chalk resistance, such as water-soluble type, solvent type, or room temperature. Either a dry mold or a baking mold can be used. By using such a vehicle together with the above-mentioned dark colored reflective pigment, excellent weather resistance as a whole coating film can be obtained.
[0016]
As specific examples of the above-mentioned vehicle having excellent weather resistance, acrylic resin, polyester resin, silicon-modified polyester resin, silicon-modified acrylic resin, alkyd resin, vinyl chloride resin, fluorine-based resin and the like are used as the main component. Among them, polyester resins and fluororesins are preferably used. Moreover, hardening agents, such as various isocyanate and a melamine resin, can be used as needed.
[0017]
In the paint of the present invention, in addition to the above-mentioned dark colored reflective pigment, at least one or more color pigments excluding conventional black pigments such as carbon black and iron black, a white pigment (hereinafter referred to as a color pigment, etc.) Can be contained. The white pigment may be used as necessary. Therefore, as a pigment other than the deep color reflection pigment, a case of using only a colored pigment and a case of using a colored and white pigment are applicable. By containing a coloring pigment or the like, various color paints can be prepared. Compared with the case of mixing a conventional black pigment such as carbon black, the coating film hardly absorbs heat energy, so that fading or the like hardly occurs.
[0018]
As the colored pigment, various commonly used pigments can be applied. Among them, a pigment having a solar reflectance of 12% or more in a region of 350 to 2100 nm defined in JIS A 5759 is preferably used. Note that the solar reflectance data of this patent is measured on a sufficiently concealed coating. Examples of coloring pigments that satisfy this condition include yellow pigments such as monoazo yellow (trade name Hoster Palm Yellow H3G: manufactured by Hoechst), iron oxide (trade name Toda Color 120ED: manufactured by Toda Kogyo Co., Ltd.), Red pigments such as quinacridone red (Hostaperm Red E2B70: manufactured by Hoechst Co.), blue pigments such as phthalocyanine blue (trade name Sheanine Blue SPG-8: manufactured by Dainippon Ink Co., Ltd.), and phthalocyanine green (trade name) And green pigments such as “Syanin Green 5310: manufactured by Dainichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd.”.
[0019]
Also, the white pigment is not particularly limited, and as specific examples, pigments such as titanium oxide and zinc white can be appropriately used. Titanium oxide can be applied to both rutile type and anatase type, but rutile type titanium oxide is particularly preferably used.
[0020]
The content in the case of using a combination of a dark color reflection pigment and a color pigment is 7 to 110 parts by weight of the dark color reflection pigment and 7 to 110 parts by weight of the color pigment with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin solid content of the paint. The white pigment is preferably 40 to 230 parts by weight. In other ranges, if the content is small, the hiding power is insufficient, and if the content is large, the coating workability and durability are inferior.
[0021]
Moreover, it is preferable that content as the whole pigment shall be 7-150 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of resin solid content of a coating material. If the content is less than the predetermined amount, the coating film cannot be sufficiently concealed and sunlight or the like is easily transmitted, so that the temperature rises and causes deterioration of the coating film. Also, it is not appropriate to increase the film thickness in order to obtain a concealing power, since it will hinder the painting workability. On the other hand, if the amount is larger than the predetermined amount, the pigment on the surface of the coating film is partially exposed, so that the smoothness is lowered and the resistance to moisture, light, heat, etc. is remarkably impaired.
[0022]
The degree of dispersion of the above-mentioned dark colored reflective pigments and colored pigments in the dispersion step for making a paint is not particularly limited and can be set depending on the kind of paint, application, etc., but the average particle diameter is 50 μm. It is preferable to disperse in such a manner that it is preferably 10 μm or less. If it is 50 μm or more, the coating surface becomes uneven and the appearance is deteriorated, and dust and the like are likely to adhere to the rough coating surface, and the coating temperature rises easily, resulting in weather resistance, stain resistance, color stability, etc. Is inappropriate because of worsening.
[0023]
As the dispersion medium used when dispersing the pigment, it is preferable to use a medium other than iron. Iron dispersion media are unsuitable because they reduce the solar reflectance of the pigment due to color contamination. Specific examples of the dispersion medium other than iron include ceramics, glass beads, flint stone and the like. Among these, glass beads are preferably used because they are easily available and excellent in economy. The particle size of the dispersion medium, the filling amount, and the type of the pigment disperser are not particularly limited, but as a specific example of the embodiment, the glass beads of 3 to 1.5 mm are filled with about 80% of the sand grind mill capacity. If you want to mention.
[0024]
The heat-shielding coating material of the present invention can contain an aggregate having a reflection function and a heat insulation function in addition to the pigment and the vehicle. Specific examples of the aggregate include hollow particles of a ceramic balloon. Since these aggregates have a reflection function and a heat insulation function, the heat shielding property and weather resistance of the coating film can be further improved in combination with the above-described deep color reflection pigment. Silicon boride-based ceramic balloons are preferably used because they can reflect sunlight and the like in the surface layer and shell, and are hollow and excellent in heat insulation. Furthermore, the ceramic balloon is preferably used with a structure retention agent. The coating material containing the ceramic balloon and the structure-retaining agent described here has already been proposed by the present inventors in Japanese Patent Application No. 10-130742. Ceramic balloons have a specific gravity of less than 1, and when used alone, they tend to float on the surface of the paint, causing the solvent on the paint surface to volatilize, causing a so-called skinning phenomenon, resulting in poor storage stability. However, by containing the structure-retaining agent, structural viscosity is imparted to the coating material, and the balloon can be uniformly distributed, and the storage stability is improved. Moreover, since the coating film containing a balloon has water resistance, comprehensive weather resistance can further be improved.
[0025]
The conditions such as the type and content of the ceramic balloon and the structure-retaining agent that can be applied in the present invention are the same as the conditions disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 10-130742, but in addition, a synergistic effect with the deep color reflective pigment. In order to obtain optimum weather resistance, the following conditions are preferably used. That is, the particle diameter of the balloon is preferably 5 to 110 μm. If it is larger than 110 μm, the coating film becomes uneven, which is inappropriate. The particle size distribution is preferably 30 to 65 μm in the 50% cumulative region and 50 to 110 μm in the 90% cumulative region. The specific gravity of the balloon is preferably 0.16 to 0.6. Furthermore, the strength of the balloon is preferably in the range of 20 to 750 kgf / cm 2 . If it is smaller than this range, the balloon is likely to be destroyed at the time of producing the coating material. Furthermore, the types of structure-retaining agents include fatty acid amide / fine silica composite system, organic bentonite / fine silica composite system, fatty acid amide / organic bentonite / fine silica composite system, polyethylene oxide wax / fine silica composite system, etc. Are preferably used.
[0026]
Furthermore, the paint of the present invention can contain various commonly used additives. Specifically, color separation inhibitor, precipitation inhibitor, surface conditioner, lubricant, plasticizer, antifoaming agent, antiseptic, antifreezing agent, curing agent, pigment dispersant, emulsifier, desiccant, UV absorber , Antifungal agents, antibacterial agents and the like.
[0027]
The material to which the above paint is applied is not particularly limited, and various materials such as wood, concrete, asbestos, metal, and resin can be selected. In addition, the application can be applied to any place where it is desired to provide a heat-shielding function, such as buildings such as houses, factories, cold storage warehouses, transport vehicles such as cars, trains, benches, and frozen cars, storage tanks, tankers, etc. The roof, ceiling, outer wall, inner wall, etc.
[0028]
The application method may be appropriately selected according to the purpose, and specific examples include brushing, roller coating, spraying, roll coater coating, and the like. Depending on the object to be applied, electrostatic coating, curtain coating, dipping, or the like can be applied. Further, the method of drying after application and forming a coating film can be selected from methods such as natural drying and baking, which are appropriately selected depending on the properties of the paint.
[0029]
The film thickness of the coating film can be appropriately set depending on the properties of the paint and the material, but is preferably applied so as to be 8 μm or more, more preferably 10 μm or more. When the thickness is 8 μm or less, the hiding power is insufficient, and when a ceramic balloon is contained, the balloons are unevenly distributed and there is a tendency that sufficient heat shielding performance cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if it is too thick, pinholes are generated in the case of a baked paint, and sagging of the paint is generated in the case of a normal dry type, which is inappropriate.
[0030]
Furthermore, when applying the coating material of the present invention to a material, an undercoat can be applied in advance. The undercoating is performed for the purpose of preventing rust, improving the adhesion with the material of the coating material of the present invention, and improving the adhesion with the top coating material, and conventionally known undercoating materials can be appropriately used. As specific types of undercoat paints, those obtained by adding titanium oxide, rust preventive pigments, extender pigments, etc. to resins such as epoxy resins, alkyd resins, epoxy urethane resins, and polyester resins are preferably used. The coating thickness can be appropriately determined in consideration of the material, the type of top coating, required performance, and the like. By applying the undercoat, the adhesion of the paint of the present invention is enhanced, the durability of the coating film is improved, and the application range of the topcoat can be expanded.
[0031]
In addition, after applying the coating material of the present invention, an overcoat such as a contamination-preventing clear can be applied. The top coating can improve the adhesion and water resistance of the coating film, prevent contamination by dust in the atmosphere, and prevent a decrease in solar reflectance. Furthermore, a glossy coating film can be provided. As the top coating, acrylic and polyester-based anti-staining clears can be applied.In particular, an organic-inorganic composite resin to which an ultraviolet ray inhibitor is added or an extender pigment such as precipitated barium sulfate is added and dispersed is used. The anti-contamination effect is excellent, and it is preferably used. Furthermore, the film thickness of the top coat is not particularly limited as long as it can completely cover the paint of the present invention, but it is preferably about 5 to 50 μm.
[0032]
Only one or both of the above-described undercoating and overcoating can be applied. Further, an intermediate coating can be applied as necessary. Since the intermediate coating thickens the coating film, it has the effect of improving the corrosion resistance and imparting resistance to the cracking and peeling of the coating film. The type of coating system is appropriately selected in consideration of application, required performance (durability, weather resistance), economic efficiency, and the like.
[0033]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example demonstrate this invention further more concretely, it is not limited by this.
[0034]
1. Raw materials Table 1 shows the raw materials for the paints produced in the examples.
[0035]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003794837
[0036]
2. Preparation of paint (1) After mixing the resin L, solvent, and each pigment in the proportions shown in Table 2, the resin N and the antifoaming agent Q were added to adjust the viscosity to 70 ± 5 KU to make G1 to G8. . In addition, the pigment was dispersed to 10 μm or less, and glass beads having a particle size of 2.1 mm (trade name: Hibee D10) were used as the dispersion medium. In the dispersion step, 500 g of the dispersion medium and 300 g of the premix paste were dispersed using a desktop batch type SG mill.
[0037]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003794837
[0038]
(2) G1 to G8, resin, and the like were mixed at a ratio shown in Table 3 to obtain paint samples P1 to P3, C1, and C2.
[0039]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003794837
[0040]
3. Preparation of test plates Test plates were prepared under the coating plate preparation conditions shown in Table 4 using the paints shown in Tables 2 and 3. The undercoat paint is composed of epoxy urethane resin, titanium oxide, rust preventive pigment, and extender pigment. The top coating material is P3 in Table 3. Furthermore, the coating method was performed with a bar coater, and baking was performed with an electric convection oven. The baking conditions are as follows.
Undercoat Furnace temperature 150 ° C x 15 minutes Main paint Furnace temperature 150 ° C x 20 minutes Clear Furnace temperature 150 ° C x 20 minutes
4). Test method (1) Reflectivity chart The wavelength dependence of reflectivity was measured using a spectrophotometer. The measurement results are shown in FIGS.
(2) Solar reflectance The solar reflectance of the coating film was measured as the solar reflectance in the region of 350 to 2100 nm defined in JIS A 5759. The results are shown in Table 4.
(3) L * value CIE 1976 L * a * b * L * in the color space was measured with a Karakom C-type spectrophotometer (manufactured by Dainichi Seika Kogyo Co., Ltd.). The results are shown in Table 4.
(4) Coating plate temperature The coating plate temperature by lamp irradiation was measured. First, a U-shaped coating plate 1 as shown in FIG. 13 was molded, two molded products were arranged in the width direction, and a 200 W Toshiba reflex lamp was irradiated from a height of 130 mm from the coating plate. Note that a, b, and c in FIG. 13 represent the dimensions of the molded product, where a = 220 mm, b = 110 mm, and c = 45 mm, respectively. The temperature of the coated plate was measured with a temperature sensor 2 attached to the center of the back side of the coated plate. Since the temperature becomes substantially constant 15 to 20 minutes after the start of lamp irradiation, the temperature after 20 minutes was taken as the measured value. Table 4 shows the measurement results.
(5) QUV 1900 hours ΔE * after irradiation for 1900 hours with the accelerated exposure tester QUV was measured. Table 4 shows the measurement results.
(6) Carbon contamination test A 5% carbon pigment aqueous solution is applied to the coating film, left at 20 ° C. for 24 hours, and then lightly rubbed with a sponge to remove the carbon while washing with water. The color difference before and after the test was measured as a ΔL * value. Table 4 shows the measurement results.
(7) 5% NaOH test The test plate was immersed in a 5% NaOH aqueous solution at 20 ° C. for 24 hours, and the subsequent coating state was observed. The observation results were evaluated according to the following criteria.
○ No abnormality △ There is a slight blister in the coating film x Remarkably blistering in the coating film (8) Prepare 1 kg of paint with the composition shown in Table 5, put it in a container and let it stand for 2 weeks. Observed. The results were evaluated according to the following criteria.
◎ Good with no surface float of the balloon Good ○ There is a slight surface float of the balloon, but there is no problem in practical use × There is a surface float of the balloon and there is a problem in practical use [0042]
[Table 4]
Figure 0003794837
[Table 5]
Figure 0003794837
[0043]
From the above results, it is clear that the coating material of the present invention can keep the coating plate temperature lower by 10 ° C. or more compared with the case of using a conventional black pigment, and is excellent in weather resistance from QUV measurement. It was. This is also suggested by the high reflectance of the paint of the present invention in the near infrared region of the reflectance chart.
[0044]
Moreover, it is clear that the reflection performance and the weather resistance are improved by adding the ceramic balloon and the structure-retaining agent, as can be seen from E12 and E13 of Table 4.
[0045]
Further, comparing E7 and E8 and E9 and E11 in Table 4, it is clear that the stain resistance, weather resistance and the like are improved by applying an overcoat such as a pollution prevention clear.
[0046]
Furthermore, from E16 of Table 4, it is clear that the heat shielding properties deteriorate when iron is used as the dispersion medium.
[0047]
It is also clear from Table 5 that the structure-retaining agent prevents the balloon from floating and greatly improves the storage stability.
[0048]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a coating material which is excellent in reflection characteristics in the near-infrared region while being black or a dark color close thereto, and therefore has excellent weather resistance with little absorption of heat energy. The coating method of the present invention can most effectively bring out the excellent weather resistance of the paint.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the wavelength dependence of reflectance in a sample E1.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the wavelength dependence of reflectance in sample E2.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the wavelength dependence of reflectance in sample E3.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the wavelength dependence of reflectance in sample E4.
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the wavelength dependence of reflectance in sample E5.
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the wavelength dependence of the reflectance in sample E6.
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the wavelength dependence of the reflectance in sample E7.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the wavelength dependence of the reflectance in sample E12.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing the wavelength dependence of the reflectance in sample E13.
FIG. 10 is a graph showing the wavelength dependence of the reflectance in sample E14.
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the wavelength dependence of the reflectance in sample E15.
FIG. 12 is a graph showing the wavelength dependence of the reflectance in sample E16.
FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a lamp irradiation method.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Coating plate 2 Temperature sensor a Molded product dimension b Molded product dimension c Molded product dimension

Claims (4)

可視領域で吸収を示し近赤外領域では反射を示す黒色の顔料であって、JIS A 5759に定義される日射反射率が15%以上、かつCIE1976L* a* b* 色空間におけるL* 値が24以下のアゾメチンアゾ系顔料又は焼成顔料と、アクリル樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、シリコン変性ポリエステル樹脂、シリコン変性アクリル樹脂、アルキッド樹脂、塩化ビニル樹脂、及びフッ素系樹脂の少なくとも一種以上、並びに必要に応じてイソシアネート、メラミン樹脂の少なくとも一種以上が含有された耐候性に優れるビヒクルと、比重が0.16〜0.6であるホウ化ケイ素セラミックバルーンと、脂肪酸アマイド/微粒シリカの複合系、脂肪酸アマイド/有機ベントナイト/微粒シリカの複合系から選ばれる構造保持剤とを含有することを特徴とする遮熱性塗料。It is a black pigment that absorbs in the visible region and reflects in the near-infrared region, and has a solar reflectance defined by JIS A 5759 of 15% or more and an L * value in the CIE 1976 L * a * b * color space. 24 or less azomethine azo pigment or calcined pigment, at least one of acrylic resin, polyester resin, silicon-modified polyester resin, silicon-modified acrylic resin, alkyd resin, vinyl chloride resin, and fluorine-based resin, and if necessary, isocyanate, and a vehicle which is excellent in weather resistance of at least one or more is contained in the melamine resin, and silicon boride ceramic balloon is specific gravity of 0.16 to 0.6, the composite system of the fatty acid amide / fine silica, fatty acid amide / organic JP by containing a structure holding agent selected composite systems or these bentonite / fine silica Thermal barrier paint. 前記顔料の含有量が、塗料の樹脂固形分100重量部に対して7〜110重量部であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の遮熱性塗料。  The heat-shielding paint according to claim 1, wherein the content of the pigment is 7 to 110 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin solid content of the paint. 前記顔料は、塗料中において平均粒子径が50μm以下に分散されていることを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の遮熱性塗料。  The heat-shielding coating material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pigment has a mean particle size of 50 µm or less dispersed in the coating material. 請求項1〜のいずれか記載の遮熱性塗料を、塗膜厚が8μm以上になるように塗装し、必要に応じて、下塗り及び/又は上塗りを施すことを特徴とする遮熱性塗料の塗装方法。The thermal barrier coating material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the coating thickness is 8 μm or more and, if necessary, undercoating and / or overcoating is applied. Method.
JP30596898A 1998-10-27 1998-10-27 Thermal barrier paint and coating method thereof Expired - Fee Related JP3794837B2 (en)

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