JP3791286B2 - Ventilator with heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ventilator with a heat exchanger that uses outdoor air and room air, and more particularly to a technique for preventing the heat exchanger from freezing.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a conventional ventilator with a heat exchanger described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-50180.
[0003]
In FIG. 9, 101 is a main body as a ventilation device using indoor air and outdoor air, 102 is an outer box of the main body 101, 102 a is an outside air inlet provided on a side surface of the outer box, and 102 b is an air outlet, Reference numeral 102c denotes a room air inlet, and reference numeral 102d denotes a blow outlet. Reference numeral 103 denotes a heat exchanger housed in the outer box 102. As shown in the perspective view of the heat exchanger in FIG. 10, a large number of flat plates having a large number of corrugated plates 103a and heat conductivity, or a combination of moisture permeability and heat conductivity. 103b are alternately laminated, and the corrugated plates 103a are alternately laminated by changing the corrugating direction by 90 degrees. 104 is an air filter provided on the inflow side of the supply air of the heat exchanger 103, 105 is an air filter provided on the same side of the exhaust air, 106 is an air supply blower, 107 is also an exhaust air blower, and A is a supply airflow. , B indicates the exhaust flow.
[0004]
In such a ventilator with a heat exchanger, as shown in the airflow A, the outside air is sucked in from the suction port 102a by the rotation of the air supply blower 106, passes through the air filter 104 and the heat exchanger 103, and then blows out the outlet 102b. Is blown into the room. Further, as indicated by the airflow B, the indoor air is sucked from the suction port 102c by the exhaust blower 107, passes through the air filter 105 and the heat exchanger 103, and is blown out from the blowout port 102d.
[0005]
However, in such a conventional ventilator with a heat exchanger, the exhaust air flow B is cooled by the air supply air A at the portion 103a close to the inflow portion of the heat exchanger 103, and therefore, dew condensation, frost formation or icing occurs. A phenomenon occurs in which the heat exchanger 103 is clogged and the exhaust flow B does not flow in the vicinity thereof. Furthermore, as a result, the vicinity of the portion 103a does not exchange heat, so the next adjacent portion 103b is cooled by the air supply air A, causing icing. If the operation is continued as it is, the heat exchanger finally There was a problem that the entire surface was frozen and exhaust and heat exchange were not performed.
[0006]
Conventionally, as a technique for solving such a problem, there has been a technique in which an antifreezing device is attached to a ventilator with a heat exchanger and operated.
[0007]
11, 12, and 13 are diagrams showing a configuration of a conventional anti-freezing device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-50180 and a state in which the anti-freezing device is attached to a ventilation device with a heat exchanger. is there.
[0008]
11, 12, and 13, reference numeral 109 denotes a box disposed on the suction side of the main body 101, and an air flow path is formed therein. Reference numeral 109a denotes a low-temperature air inlet that opens to the outside air provided in the box 109, 109b denotes a high-temperature air inlet that also opens to the indoor side, and 109c denotes an air outlet, which is connected to the suction port 102a of the main body 101. 110 is a damper that opens and closes the air inlets 109 a and 109 b provided in the box 109, and 111 is a heater provided in the vicinity of the air outlet 109 c of the box 109. Reference numeral 117 denotes a drive device for the damper 110.
[0009]
In the freeze prevention device for a ventilator with a heat exchanger configured as described above, the damper 110 normally opens the low-temperature air inlet 109a and closes the high-temperature air inlet 109b as shown in FIG. Therefore, as indicated by the airflow A, the low-temperature air enters the box 109 from the low-temperature air inlet 109a and is supplied to the main body 101 from the air outlet 109c through the suction port 102a.
[0010]
When the low temperature air temperature is low and icing occurs in the heat exchanger 103, the damper 110 rotates, the low temperature air inlet 109a is closed and the high temperature air inlet 109b is opened as shown in FIG. The At the same time, the heater element 111 is energized. Thus, the high temperature air enters the box body 109 from the high temperature air inlet 109b, is heated by the heater 111, and is supplied from the air outlet 109c to the low temperature side passage of the main body 101. As a result, the high-temperature air flows through the flow path of the heat exchanger 103 where the normal low-temperature air has flowed, and the ice formed in the high-temperature side flow path is melted. After the icing melts, the damper 110 rotates in the reverse direction to the state shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, and at the same time, the energization to the heating element 111 is also cut off.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in order to prevent the heat exchanger from freezing, when the conventional anti-freezing device as shown in FIG. 11, FIG. 12, and FIG. 13 is used, the effect is very high, but during normal operation after defloft operation. The melted condensed water is heat-exchanged by the low-temperature outside air that has been taken in again, and the chilled exhaust air re-condenses inside and on the surface of the heat exchanger, making it impossible to fully utilize the defloft effect. It was.
[0012]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and a first object thereof is to provide a heat exchanger that can prevent icing of drainage due to cooled exhaust air and enhance a defloft effect. It is to provide a ventilation device.
Moreover, the 2nd objective is to provide the ventilator with a heat exchanger which can remove rapidly the dew condensation water after a defloft.
Furthermore, the third object is to provide a ventilator with a heat exchanger capable of reducing the pressure loss due to the airway constituent member while increasing the defloft effect and further quickly removing water adhering to the airway constituent member. is there.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A ventilator with a heat exchanger according to the present invention includes a box, an outside air inlet provided in the box, an outside air outlet, an indoor air inlet, an indoor air outlet, and an outside air A heat exchanger having a first passage passing therethrough and a second passage formed so as to intersect with the first passage and through which room air passes, and the air flow of the room air passing through the second passage An airflow separation means for separating the exhausted airflow into a plurality of airflows according to the temperature distribution is provided on the exhaust surface of the heat exchanger from which the air is discharged.
[0014]
Further, the airflow separating means has a thin plate-like member, and this plate-like member is arranged so as to be along the direction of the second passage and substantially perpendicular to the direction of the first passage. It was supposed to be.
[0015]
Further, the airflow separating means has a plurality of plate-like members, and the individual plate-like members are arranged so as to be along the direction of the second passage and substantially perpendicular to the direction of the first passage. It was supposed to be.
[0016]
Furthermore, a plurality of slits were provided on the surface of the plate member.
[0017]
Further, the heat exchanger has a hexahedron, and the plate-like member has a side length substantially the same as the angular dimension of the exhaust surface of the room air, and the other side length is ½ of the angular dimension. It was assumed to have a rectangular surface.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is a configuration diagram of a ventilator with a heat exchanger according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
In FIG. 1, 1 is a main body as a ventilator that uses indoor air and outdoor air, 2 is an outer box of the main body 1, 2a is an air intake port provided on the side of the outer box, and 2b is an outlet. 2c is also an indoor air inlet, 2d is also an outlet, 3 is a heat exchanger housed in the outer box 2, 4 is an air flow separation board provided in the heat exchanger 3, 5 is an air supply blower, 6 Is an exhaust blower, A · A ′ is a supply air flow, and B · B ′ is an exhaust flow. In addition, the airflow separation board 4 is arranged so as to follow the flow of the airflow perpendicular to the exhaust surface of the heat exchanger 4.
[0019]
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the heat exchanger 3 in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the heat exchanger 3 has a hexahedron structure of a laminated structure, and creates a predetermined interval by sandwiching an interval holding member 12 between thin partition members 11 having heat conductivity and moisture permeability, This is configured such that a plurality of layers are laminated and bonded. In addition, the partition member 11 constituting the heat exchanger 3 is configured as a square or rhombus flat plate, and the spacing member 12 is a wave obtained by forming a sawtooth or sinusoidal waveform whose projection plane shape matches the partition member 11. It is formed on a plate. A fluid passage through which the air current (I) and the air current (B) are passed by sandwiching the spacing member 12 between the partition members 11 with the direction of the wave eyes alternately having an angle of 90 degrees or an angle close thereto. 13 and fluid passages 14 are formed in every other layer between these layers.
[0020]
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing details of the partition member 11 portion.
As shown in FIG. 3, a heat exchanger component 15 is configured by adhering a spacing member 12 to one side of a single partition member 11, and the heat exchanger component 15 has an air shield on one side. The moisture permeable membrane 16 having a function is formed, and the interval holding member 12 is bonded continuously thereon by corrugating.
[0021]
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the heat exchanger 3 when the airflow separation board 4 is laid.
In the winter season when defrost operation is required, the exhaust flow exhausted from the room enters the heat exchanger 3 from the air supply surface 3a as indicated by the arrow B and exits from the exhaust surface 3b as indicated by the arrow B '. go. Further, the air supply air sucked from the outside enters the heat exchanger 3 from the air supply surface 3c as shown by the arrow A in the drawing, and exits from the exhaust surface 3d as shown by the arrow A ′ in the drawing. Thereby, heat conduction from the exhaust flow to the supply air flow is performed in the heat exchanger 3.
[0022]
Also, under conditions where the outside air temperature decreases to a minus temperature, the exhaust flow is cooled in the heat exchanger by a low-temperature air flow and causes condensation when it falls below the dew point temperature. In such a case, if the operation is continued, the heat exchanger 3 will eventually become clogged and the exhaust flow rate will decrease, so the defrost operation is performed. In the defrost operation, for example, when the outside air temperature drops to -10 ° C. or lower, the supply air blower 5 is stopped for about 5 to 15 minutes to stop the supply air flow, and the heat of the heat exchanger is frozen by the heat of the exhaust flow. There is an operation in which the operation is performed after melting, and then the normal operation is performed for about one hour, and the cycle is repeated until the outside temperature rises to a constant temperature. In addition, the air supply blower 5 is operated as it is, and the air supply fan 5 is operated as it is when the outside air temperature drops to −10 ° C. or less, for example, when the outside air temperature is lowered to −10 ° C. or less. Switch the damper installed in the middle of the air supply duct. Defrost operation that takes indoor air into the air supply airflow path for about 5 to 15 minutes and makes the indoor circulation operation. In some cases, the operation is performed to melt the heat and then the damper is switched and the normal operation is performed for a certain period of time as one cycle until the outside air temperature rises to a certain temperature.
[0023]
During the defrost operation, the condensed water discharged from the heat exchanger 3 comes out from the exhaust flow outlet surface 3b of the heat exchanger 3, but in the case of the heat exchanger 3 which is an unmixed cross-flow heat exchanger, The stream B ′ is exhausted from the heat exchanger 3 with a temperature distribution as shown in FIG.
In other words, the temperature of the exhaust flow B ′ discharged from the exhaust surface 3b becomes lower as the supplied airflow sucked from the outdoor side approaches the supplied air surface 3c.
[0024]
Thereafter, the exhaust flow B ′ discharged from the exhaust surface 3b is separated into several air flows by the air flow separation board 4, and is exhausted by the exhaust blower 6 while maintaining the temperature distribution.
[0025]
In a ventilator with a heat exchanger that does not have an airflow separation board as in the prior art, when defrosted operation is performed and molten defrost water is discharged from the exhaust surface 3b of the heat exchanger 3, the defrost water is exposed on the exhaust surface 3b. In many cases, it does not drip quickly due to the tension, and at this time, the exhaust stream B ′ blown out with a temperature distribution is discharged from the heat exchanger and mixed on the spot. As a result, the relatively warm exhaust flow portion is also cooled by the cold exhaust flow portion, and the condensation present on the surface of the heat exchanger is not limited to the portion 3a in FIG. Water could be cooled and re-freeze over the entire surface of the heat exchanger. However, since the airflow separation board 4 is installed, the cold exhaust stream B ′ does not flow around and cools the heat exchanger 3 again, and water droplets existing on the surface of the heat exchanger 3 are on the low temperature side of the exhaust stream B ′. It is possible to prevent the air from being cooled and frozen again by the air, and it is possible to prevent the exhaust air volume from being lowered and enhance the defrost effect.
[0026]
The air separation board 4 may be subjected to a water repellent treatment by applying a fluorine or silicon water repellent to the surface through which the air current flows. Thereby, it is possible to prevent water droplets or the like from adhering to the airflow separation board 4 and freezing, and to stabilize the airflow. Moreover, it is preferable to comprise the airflow separation board 4 by members, such as resin with heat insulation.
[0027]
Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram showing a heat exchanger-equipped ventilator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the ventilator with a heat exchanger of FIG. 1, a plurality of airflow separation boards are arranged. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part which is the same as that described in FIG. 1, and is opposite.
[0028]
In FIG. 6, on the exhaust surface 3b of the heat exchanger 3, three airflow separation boards are arranged perpendicular to the exhaust surface 3b. As a result, the exhaust flow B ′ can be further separated and the function of maintaining the temperature distribution is improved, so that the exhaust air volume can be prevented from decreasing and the defrost effect can be enhanced.
[0029]
Embodiment 3 FIG.
7 is a block diagram showing a ventilator with a heat exchanger according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. In the ventilator with a heat exchanger of FIG. 1, a plurality of slits and holes are provided on the surface of the airflow separation board. It is. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part which is the same as that described in FIG. 1, and is opposite.
[0030]
In FIG. 7, 4a is an airflow separation board having a plurality of slits and holes on the surface. Reference numeral 7 denotes a drain pan installed under the airflow separation board for receiving condensed water. Thus, by providing a plurality of slits and holes on the surface of the airflow separation board 4a, the condensed water can be quickly discharged from the airflow separation board 4a, and further, the condensed water is discharged from the tip of the airflow separation board 4a. Therefore, the drain pan installed under the airflow separation board 4a can be made small.
[0031]
Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram showing a ventilator with a heat exchanger according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In the ventilator with a heat exchanger of FIG. 1, the length of the airflow separation board is set to the angular dimension of the heat exchanger. It is set to 1/2 or more of a. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the part which is the same as that described in FIG. 1, and is opposite.
[0032]
In FIG. 8, 4b is an airflow separation board, and the dimension of the surface direction through which the airflow flows is ½ of the angular dimension of the heat exchanger. In consideration of the fact that a drain pan must be installed below the airflow separation board, the length of the airflow separation board that is longer than necessary causes the apparatus itself to become larger. However, if it is too short, the exhaust flow B ′ will circulate and the temperature distribution cannot be maintained. Therefore, when both are considered, if the length is about ½ of the angular dimension of the heat exchanger 3, there is an effect of airflow separation, which is considered to be appropriate.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent water droplets present on the surface of the heat exchanger from being cooled again by the low-temperature side air of the exhaust flow and freeze, and to prevent a reduction in the amount of exhaust air and enhance the defrost effect.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a configuration diagram of a ventilator with a heat exchanger in Embodiment 1. FIG.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a partition member.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a temperature distribution of an exhaust flow.
6 is a configuration diagram of a ventilator with a heat exchanger in Embodiment 2. FIG.
7 is a configuration diagram of a ventilator with a heat exchanger according to Embodiment 3. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a ventilator with a heat exchanger in a third embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a configuration diagram of a conventional ventilation device with a heat exchanger.
FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a heat exchanger.
FIG. 11 is a configuration diagram of a conventional freeze prevention device.
FIG. 12 is a configuration diagram of a ventilator with a heat exchanger equipped with a conventional freeze prevention device.
FIG. 13 is a configuration diagram of a ventilator with a heat exchanger equipped with a conventional freeze prevention device.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 body, 2 outer box, 2a outside air inlet, 2b outside air outlet,
2c Indoor air inlet, 2d Indoor air outlet, 3 Heat exchanger,
4 Airflow separation board, 5 Air supply blower, 6 Exhaust blower,
7 Drain van, 11 Partition member, 12 Spacing member,
13 fluid passage, 14 fluid passage, 15 heat exchanger component,
16 Moisture permeable membrane

Claims (5)

A box, an outside air inlet provided in the box, an outside air outlet provided in the box, an indoor air inlet provided in the box, and the box A heat exchanger having a first air passage through which the outside air passes, and a second passage formed so as to intersect the first passage and through which the room air passes. In the ventilator with a heat exchanger, the airflow exhausted on the exhaust surface of the heat exchanger from which the airflow of the room air that has passed through the second passage is discharged is converted into a plurality of airflows according to the temperature distribution. A ventilator with a heat exchanger, characterized in that airflow separating means for separating is provided. The airflow separating means has a thin plate-like member, and the plate-like member is arranged so as to be along the direction of the second passage and substantially perpendicular to the direction of the first passage. The ventilator with a heat exchanger according to claim 1. The airflow separating means has a plurality of plate-like members, and each plate-like member is arranged so as to be along the direction of the second passage and to be substantially perpendicular to the direction of the first passage. The ventilation apparatus with a heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the ventilation apparatus has a heat exchanger. The ventilator with a heat exchanger according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a plurality of slits are provided on a surface of the plate member. The heat exchanger has a hexahedron, and the plate-like member has a side length substantially equal to the angular dimension of the exhaust surface of the room air, and the other side length is ½ of the angular dimension. The ventilation apparatus with a heat exchanger according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the ventilation apparatus has a rectangular surface.

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