JP3772997B2 - Electric vehicle charging system and electromagnetic coupling device for electric vehicle charging - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a charging system for charging an electric vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A configuration that has been put to practical use as a charging system of this type is as shown in FIG. A vehicle-side connector 2 connected to the power storage device is provided on the vehicle body of the electric vehicle 1, and a power supply connector 3 is connected to the vehicle from outside the vehicle. The power supply connector 3 is provided at the tip of a cable 5 from a charging power source 4 installed outside the vehicle, and power from the charging power source 4 is supplied to the power storage device through both connectors 2 and 3 for charging. .
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, it is considered to charge the electric vehicle by providing a charging facility in the parking lot of the vehicle owner's home and charging the electric vehicle being parked by the charging facility.
[0004]
However, in the charging system described above, the driver puts the electric vehicle 1 into the parking lot, walks out of the car and walks to the place where the charging facility is located, where the power supply connector 3 is taken out of the charging facility, and the cable 5 is Carrying it to the automobile 1 side while pulling it out, opening the connector lid 1a of the vehicle body and connecting it to the vehicle-side connector 2, and then turning on the charging switch is necessary, which is considerably troublesome. In addition, since the conventional charging connector has a configuration in which the terminals are fitted and contacted with each other to establish the energization path, the resistance of the fitting operation is large and the connector needs to be fitted with a relatively large force. There was a problem.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a charging system that can charge an electric vehicle as easily as possible and that is suitable for charging an electric vehicle at home and the like. An object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic coupling device for charging an electric vehicle capable of reliably performing the electromagnetic coupling when supplying electric power to the electric vehicle side by coupling of the electromagnetic induction device.
[0006]
[Means for solving the problems and actions / effects]
  <Electric vehicle charging system>
  An electric vehicle charging system according to the invention of claim 1The primary coil installed on the parking lot side of the electric vehicle and connected to the power source for charging, the secondary coil provided in the electric vehicle and connected to the charging circuit for the power storage device, and the coils are in positions where they can be magnetically coupled. An electric vehicle position detecting means, and a charge control circuit for exciting a primary coil by a charging power source on the condition that the electric vehicle is detected at a predetermined position by the vehicle position detecting means. A code transmitting means is mounted, and the charge control circuit excites the primary coil on condition that a predetermined identification code is received.
[0007]
According to this, the electric storage device can be automatically charged only by parking the electric vehicle at a predetermined position. In addition, charging starts only when an electric vehicle that transmits a predetermined identification code is parked, and other vehicles are inadvertently charged or another person's vehicle enters the parking lot without permission. It is possible to reliably prevent charging.
[0008]
  Also, aboveClaim 1In the invention, the charge control circuit is provided with charge capacity detection means for detecting the charge capacity of the power storage device, and the primary coil is excited on condition that the charge capacity detected by the charge capacity detection means is less than a predetermined value. You may make it (Claim 2Invention).
  In this way, charging is performed when the charging capacity of the power storage device is small, charging is not performed when the charging capacity is large, and the power storage capacity is charged without excess or deficiency, so there is no need to worry about the remaining capacity.
  Furthermore, the claim1 or 2In the invention, the charge control circuit may further include a charge capacity detection unit that detects a charge capacity of the power storage device, and a display unit that displays a charge state corresponding to the charge capacity on the parking lot side.Claim 3Invention). This is convenient because the state of charge of the power storage device can be confirmed from outside the vehicle.
[0009]
  <Electromagnetic coupling device for charging electric vehicles>
  Claim 4The present invention is an electromagnetic coupling device provided on a parking lot side of an electric vehicle for charging a power storage device of the electric vehicle, wherein a primary coil that can be opposed to a secondary coil provided at a front portion of the electric vehicle is provided. It is provided as a primary coil unit supported on the wall surface of the parking lot, and the primary coil unit is characterized in that it can be displaced up and down according to the height position of the secondary coil from the floor of the parking lot. .
  With this configuration, the electric vehicle is advanced toward the wall surface of the parking lot, and the primary coil on the wall surface and the secondary coil on the electric vehicle side are opposed to each other. The car can be prepared for charging. In this case, for example, the compression degree of the suspension spring of the vehicle body differs depending on the load load of the electric vehicle, for example. Therefore, the vertical position of the secondary coil attached to the vehicle body is expected to vary depending on the load load. This can be absorbed by the primary coil moving up and down, and both coils are always in good opposition.
[0010]
  Claim 5The electromagnetic coupling device is provided such that a primary coil unit having a primary coil connected to a charging power source protrudes from the wall surface of the parking lot, and the primary coil unit is connected to the parking lot wall surface side of the electric vehicle. It is characterized in that it is configured to be inserted into a receiving case provided on the front surface of the electric vehicle as it approaches.
  According to this configuration, by moving the electric vehicle toward the wall surface of the parking lot, the wall surface side primary coil unit may enter the receiving case of the electric vehicle side secondary coil unit, Since the secondary coil can be arranged in the front part of the electric vehicle together with the receiving case, mud etc. can be prevented from adhering to the secondary coil during the running of the electric vehicle, and thus the air gap can be prevented from increasing when the two coils are coupled. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a decrease in power transmission efficiency.
[0011]
  Further, in the above electromagnetic coupling device, the primary coil unit is configured by housing the primary coil in a protective case having a support base, and the support base is supported by an elastic body on a holder provided on the wall surface of the parking lot. It is possible to displace the front end side of the protective case byClaim 6Invention).
  In this way, the front end side of the primary coil unit is displaced following the position of the front opening of the receiving case of the secondary coil unit. To enter the secondary coil unit.
[0012]
  Also, aboveClaim 4 or claim 5In this invention, the primary coil unit is configured by housing the primary coil in a protective case having a support base, and the support base is provided on a holder provided on the wall surface of the parking lot so as to be rotatable via a support shaft. Even if the elastic body is disposed between the front and back of the shaft and the inner surface of the holder, the front end side of the protective case can be displaced (Claim 7Invention).
  Even in this configuration, the distal end side of the primary coil unit is displaced following the position of the front opening of the receiving case of the secondary coil unit, so that the primary coil unit surely enters the secondary coil unit. Moreover, since the primary coil unit is supported by the holder via the support shaft, the position of the primary coil unit is stabilized and durability is improved as compared with the case where the primary coil unit is supported only by the elastic body.
[0013]
  In addition, the aboveClaim 7In this invention, the front end side of the protective case can be displaced by forming a bearing hole for receiving the support shaft larger than the support shaft and accommodating the support shaft in a rattling state (Claim 8Invention).
  In this way, the primary coil unit can swing in the plane including the support shaft as well as swinging around the support shaft, and the primary coil unit can be stably supported by the support shaft. However, the primary coil unit can be displaced in all directions up, down, left and right, and the coupling of both coils is more reliable.
[0014]
  In addition, the primary coil unit is tapered (Claim 9Invention), forming a guide slope on the front opening of the receiving case of the secondary coil unit (Claim 10In other words, it is possible to obtain an effect that the coupling of the two coil units is more reliably performed.
[0015]
  In addition, the aboveClaim 11The electromagnetic coupling device is provided so that a primary coil unit having a primary coil connected to a charging power source faces a secondary coil provided at the front of an electric vehicle via a support mechanism on a wall surface of a parking lot. The support mechanism is characterized in that the front part of the electric vehicle is brought into contact with the primary coil unit and tilted so that the electromagnetic coupling surface of the primary coil faces in parallel with the electromagnetic coupling surface of the secondary coil.
  According to this, even if the electric vehicle moves forward along the direction deviated from the right angle with respect to the wall surface of the parking lot, the front portion of the electric vehicle contacts the primary coil unit and the electromagnetic coupling surface of the primary coil becomes Tilts so as to face parallel to the electromagnetic coupling surface of the secondary coil. Therefore, the driver of the electric vehicle only needs to drive toward the wall without worrying about the angle with respect to the wall.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
<First Embodiment>
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 1 shows a state where an electric vehicle E has entered the parking lot. A primary coil unit 30 constituting one of the electromagnetic induction devices is provided on the wall surface W of the parking lot so as to protrude forward. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a flat plate-shaped primary coil 31 formed by winding an electric wire around a ferrite magnetic core 32, for example, is housed in a protective case 33 made of, for example, a synthetic resin material. . A support base 34 is integrally provided at one end of the protective case 33, and a pair of support shafts 35 project from the side in a lateral direction, and an arcuate slope 33a is formed at the tip of the protective case 33 to form a tapered shape. It has become.
[0019]
On the other hand, a holder 36 is embedded in the wall surface W of the parking lot, and a support base 34 of the protective case 33 is inserted therein. A bearing hole 36a for receiving the support shaft 35 is formed on the inner wall of the holder 36, and the protective case 33 is supported so as to be rotatable about the support shaft 35 in the vertical direction (in the direction of arrow A in FIG. 3). Yes. Further, the bearing hole 36a is sufficiently larger than the support shaft 35 and is supported with a relatively large gap, so that the protective case 33 is also swung in the horizontal direction in the direction of arrow B in FIG. Can be done.
As shown in FIG. 2, compression springs 37 corresponding to a total of four elastic bodies are located between the left and right side portions of the support base 34 and the left and right inner walls of the holder 36 and are located in front of and behind the support shaft 35. With this arrangement, the protective case 33 is elastically supported in the horizontal direction, and the protective case 33 normally protrudes perpendicularly to the wall surface W as shown by the solid line in FIG. When the distal end side of the protective case 33 receives a force in the lateral direction, the protective case 33 and thus the primary coil unit 30 can be swung according to the force. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a total of four compression springs 38 are disposed between the upper and lower surfaces of the support base 34 and the upper and lower inner walls of the holder 36 so as to be positioned in front of and behind the support shaft 35. Thus, the protective case 33 is elastically supported in the vertical direction, and the protective case 33 normally protrudes perpendicularly to the wall surface W as shown in FIG. When the side receives a force in the vertical direction, the protective case 33 and thus the primary coil unit 30 are rotated up and down around the support shaft 35 accordingly.
[0020]
On the other hand, a secondary coil unit 10 is provided at the front lower portion of the electric vehicle E. In this case, a secondary coil 14 having a flat plate shape, which is also wound around a magnetic core 13 made of ferrite, for example, is disposed on the upper surface of the receiving case 11 for housing the primary coil unit 30. When the protective case 33 is completely accommodated in the receiving case 11, the primary and secondary coils 31, 14 constituting the electromagnetic induction device are magnetically coupled with the magnetic cores 13, 32 positioned coaxially. To be. The receiving case 11 is made of, for example, a synthetic resin and has a flat box shape that can open the front side of the vehicle and accommodate the protective case 33 of the primary coil unit 30. The front opening has an opening area toward the front. A guide slope 11a to be enlarged is formed so that the tip of the protective case 33 can be guided.
[0021]
In addition, a buffer material 39 is disposed on the wall surface W of the parking lot so as to be located around the primary coil unit 30 so as to absorb an impact when the bumper B of the electric vehicle E comes into contact therewith. Yes. Further, the pressure switch 40 is embedded in the buffer material 39, and the electric vehicle E moves forward to a position where the protective case 33 of the primary coil unit 30 is completely accommodated in the receiving case 11, and the bumper B becomes the buffer material 39. When a collision occurs, the pressure switch 40 is activated, so that the pressure switch 40 functions as a vehicle position detecting means. And the stop lamp 41 is attached to the upper part of the wall surface W of a parking lot, and it lights when the said pressure switch 40 act | operates. An infrared communication element 42 is attached to the wall W of the parking lot below the primary coil unit 30. When the electric vehicle E is parked at a predetermined position, it is provided below the front bumper B of the electric vehicle E. It faces the infrared communication element 15.
[0022]
The electrical configuration is as shown in FIG. A power supply circuit 44 installed on the parking lot side is connected to the primary coil 31. The power supply circuit 44 can flow a high-frequency current of, for example, 40 kHz to the primary coil 31 by once rectifying and switching the commercial power supply 45. Further, the vehicle position detection circuit 46 receives a signal from the pressure switch 40, detects that the electric vehicle E is parked at a predetermined position, turns on the stop lamp 41 based on this, and causes the charge control circuit 47 to turn on the vehicle. A detection signal Sev is output. In the charge control circuit 47, the primary coil 31 is operated by operating the electric wire circuit 44 on condition that the vehicle detection signal Sev is received from the vehicle position detection circuit 46 and the capacity shortage signal Scg is received via the communication control circuit 48. Is to be excited. The communication control circuit 48 is connected to the infrared communication element 42 and receives information related to charging from the charge capacity detection circuit 17 via the infrared communication element 15 and the communication control circuit 16 on the vehicle side.
[0023]
On the other hand, on the electric vehicle E side, a charging circuit 18 is connected to the secondary coil 14, thereby charging the power storage device 19. The charging circuit 18 rectifies the AC voltage induced in the secondary coil 14 to generate a DC voltage necessary for charging the power storage device 19. A motor drive circuit 21 is connected to the power storage device 19 via the main switch 20, and thereby the power motor 22 of the electric vehicle E is driven. Further, the charge capacity detection circuit 17 receives information on the remaining capacity from the output line of the power storage device 19. For example, the charge capacity detection circuit 17 integrates the power consumption based on the current flowing through the output line. The remaining capacity is estimated, and when this is less than a predetermined value, a capacity shortage signal Scg is output. The charging circuit 18 receives information on the charging current flowing into the power storage device 19 and estimates the remaining capacity that increases due to charging based on the information. When this reaches a predetermined rated value, the output of the capacity shortage signal Scg is output. It is designed to shut off.
[0024]
Next, the charging procedure of the electric vehicle E in this embodiment will be described. The electric vehicle E is put in the parking lot and slowly moved toward the wall surface W. The primary coil unit 30 protruding from the wall surface W is fitted into the receiving case 11 at the front of the electric vehicle E by causing the tip of the electric vehicle E to abut against the buffer material 39 of the wall surface W. When the primary coil unit 30 is fully inserted into the receiving case 11, the front bumper B of the electric vehicle E operates the pressure switch 40 in the cushioning material 39. Based on this signal, the stop lamp 41 is lit. Therefore, when the electric vehicle E is stopped, as shown in FIG. 4, the primary coil 31 is positioned coaxially with the secondary coil 14 in the receiving case 11 to be opposed to each other and can be magnetically coupled.
[0025]
At the same time, a vehicle detection signal Sev is output from the vehicle position detection circuit 46 to the charge control circuit 47. At this time, if the remaining capacity of the power storage device 19 is equal to or less than the predetermined value, the charge shortage signal Scg is supplied from the charge capacity detection circuit 17 to the charge control circuit 47 via the infrared communication elements 15 and 42, and therefore the power supply circuit 44. Operates to excite the primary coil 31. As a result, a voltage is generated in the secondary coil 14 due to the electromagnetic induction phenomenon, and based on this, the charging circuit 18 charges the power storage device 19 of the electric vehicle. When the remaining capacity reaches a predetermined value due to the charging of the power storage device 19, the output of the capacity shortage signal Scg is cut off, so that the excitation of the primary coil 31 by the charging circuit 18 is stopped and the charging operation is finished.
[0026]
Therefore, according to this embodiment, both the primary and secondary coils 31 and 14 are combined by a normal act of putting the electric vehicle E into the parking lot and parking at a predetermined location, and the commercial power supply 45 on the parking lot side is combined. Since electric power is supplied to the charging circuit 18 in the electric vehicle E from the electric vehicle E and the power storage device 19 is charged, the conventional connector fitting operation is completely unnecessary, and charging can be performed very easily. Very suitable for use in
Second Embodiment
This embodiment is different from the first embodiment except that a display means for displaying the state of charge according to the remaining capacity of the power storage device 19 is added on the parking lot side. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts, and the duplicated explanation is omitted, and the differences will be described with reference to FIG.
[0027]
A display unit 60 is provided on the upper surface of the wall surface W of the parking lot. The display unit 60 is provided with a stop lamp 41 and, for example, a capacity display unit 62 in which a plurality of LEDs are arranged in a vertical row.
Further, the charge capacity detection circuit 63 on the electric vehicle E side always detects the remaining capacity of the power storage device 19 during charging, and always provides the data to the display control circuit 61 via the infrared communication elements 15 and 42. As a result, the capacity display unit 62 performs display according to the remaining capacity. In other words, in this embodiment, all the LEDs of the capacity display unit 62 are turned on in the fully charged state, and half of the LEDs are turned on in the ½ charged state. It is convenient to determine at a glance how much remaining capacity of the power storage device 19 is being charged.
[0028]
<Third Embodiment>
This embodiment is different from the first embodiment except that charging is performed only when the vehicle identification codes match. Therefore, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and a duplicate description is omitted, and the differences are described with reference to FIG.
The electric vehicle E is provided with an identification code transmission circuit 70, which is connected to the communication control circuit 16, and an identification code inspection circuit 71 is provided on the parking lot side, and is connected to the communication control circuit 49 and the charging control circuit 47. Yes. When receiving the vehicle detection signal Sev from the vehicle position detection circuit 46, the identification code inspection circuit 71 sends a signal to the identification code transmission circuit 70 on the electric vehicle E side via the infrared communication elements 15 and 42, where the electric vehicle E A unique identification code is caused to respond via the infrared communication elements 15 and 42. When the identification code matches the one stored in the identification code inspection circuit 71, the identification signal inspection circuit 71 outputs a coincidence signal Ssm to the charge control circuit 47. In this embodiment, the charging control circuit 47 excites the primary coil 31 on condition that all of the vehicle detection signal Sev, the capacity shortage signal Scg, and the coincidence signal Ssm have been prepared. .
[0029]
  With this configuration, charging is not started unless the identification code that matches the identification code stored in advance in the identification code inspection circuit 71 is given from the electric vehicle E. On the other hand, it is possible to reliably prevent charging or unauthorized entry of another person's automobile into the parking lot.
<Reference example>
  This reference example isAfter the electric vehicle E is parked in the parking lot, the first coil 31 is different from the first to third embodiments in that the primary coil 31 is aligned with a position where it can be electromagnetically coupled to the secondary coil 14. In the following, description will be given with reference to FIGS.
[0030]
As shown in FIG. 8, a coil positioning device 50 is provided on the wall surface W of the parking lot, and the primary coil 31 is supported with its electromagnetic coupling surface facing the front surface. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, the secondary coil 14 is attached to the front surface of the electric vehicle E with its electromagnetic coupling surface facing the front surface.
The coil positioning device 50 moves the primary coil 31 in the horizontal direction by a so-called ball screw mechanism, and detects the positional relationship between the two coils by the sensor 43, thereby positioning the two coils at a position where they can be electromagnetically coupled.
The ball screw mechanism of the coil positioning device 50 includes a support rail 51 extending in the horizontal direction and a ball screw 55 provided along the support rail 51, and the support member 52 movably supported by the support rail 51 is moved to the ball screw. 55 is screwed.
[0031]
The support rail 51 is formed such that the upper and lower portions of the slit 51a form a pair of rails by providing a horizontal slit 51a at the center of the plate-like member. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the slit 51a is formed so that the space between the pair of rails is widened in a stepped manner on the front side.
The support member 52 is formed in a flat dish shape that can accommodate the primary coil 31, and has a prismatic part 52 a on the back side thereof, and a cylindrical female screw 56 that is screwed into the ball screw 55 at the tip thereof. Yes. The vertical cross-sectional shape from the flat dish portion to the prism portion 52a is fitted into a slit 51a whose front side of the support rail 51 is widened in a stepped shape. That is, when the support member 52 is assembled to the support rail 51, the primary coil 31 is supported by the support rail 51 in a posture in which the electromagnetic coupling surface faces the front, and only the female screw 56 protrudes to the back side.
[0032]
The ball screw 55 is provided on the back side of the support rail 51 so as to face the slit 51a, and is screwed into the female screw 56 protruding to the back side. Further, both end portions of the ball screw 55 are rotatably supported by bearing portions 51b and 51b protruding from the both end portions of the support rail 51 to the back side, respectively, and at one end thereof, for example, the support rail 51 A drive shaft of a motor 57 fixed to the motor is connected.
As shown in FIG. 10, the sensor 43 is embedded on both sides of the flat dish portion of the support member 52 so as to sandwich the primary coil 31 therebetween. The sensor 43 operates when light from the light emitting element is detected. The light emitting element is provided on both sides of the secondary coil 14 of the electric vehicle E so as to face the sensors 43 and 43 (see FIG. 10, 43a, 43a). That is, when the two sensors 43 and 43 are operated while facing the light emitting element, the primary coil 31 and the secondary coil 14 face each other's electromagnetic coupling surfaces.
[0033]
Note that the light emitting element of the electric vehicle E emits light for a certain period of time, for example, with a timer when the vehicle stops at the parking position.
In order to align both coils by the sensor 43 and the ball screw mechanism, the support member 52 is positioned on one end side of the support rail 51 in the initial state, and the electric vehicle E is moved to the charging position when the electric vehicle E is stopped at the charging position. The case is moved toward the other end side. If both the sensors 43 and 43 are activated during the operation, the motor 57 is stopped. Then, both the coils 31 and 14 are held with their electromagnetic coupling surfaces facing each other. In addition, for example, when the electric vehicle E is parked obliquely and the coils are in a positional relationship in which electromagnetic coupling is impossible, and both of the sensors 43 and 43 do not operate in the middle, the electromagnetic coupling is impossible. For example, the driver is informed by sounding a buzzer provided in the parking lot or changing the color of the stop lamp.
[0034]
In the latter case, the driver may park the electric vehicle E again.
The coil positioning device 50 configured as described above is installed on the wall surface W of the parking lot via the cushioning material 39 so that the support rail 51 slightly protrudes from the wall surface W. In the installation height, the primary coil 31 has the same height as the secondary coil 14 of the electric vehicle E. Further, the shock absorber 39 has a built-in pressure switch 40 and can detect that the support rail 51 is pushed by the electric vehicle E. Further, by this detection signal, the stop lamp 41 is turned on as in the first embodiment, and the coil positioning device 50 is activated.
[0035]
  Other structures are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same portions are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
  next,This reference exampleThe charging procedure of the electric vehicle E will be described. The electric vehicle E is put in the parking lot and slowly advanced until the bumper B comes into contact with the support rail 51 protruding from the wall surface W. When the bumper B comes into contact with the support rail 51, the pressure switch 40 in the cushioning material 39 is activated, and the stop lamp 41 is turned on. With this as a signal, the driver stops the electric vehicle E (FIG. 10). Then, the secondary coil 14 of the electric vehicle E is in a state adjacent to the movement path of the primary coil 31 of the coil positioning device 50.
[0036]
At this time, the coil positioning device 50 also starts to be activated by the operation of the pressure switch 40. That is, when the motor 57 is driven, the primary coil 31 having one end of the support rail 51 moves toward the other end. When the two coils 43 and 43 are activated when the primary coil 31 and the secondary coil 14 are in the electromagnetic coupling position, the drive of the motor 57 is stopped and the primary coil 31 and the secondary coil 14 are Is held as an electromagnetic coupling position (FIG. 11).
Further, when the sensors 43 and 43 are not activated, the driver is informed that the parking position is not correct, so the driver parks again so that the sensors 43 and 43 are activated and can be charged. You can do it again.
[0037]
  After that, the power storage device 19 is charged in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
  Therefore,This reference exampleTherefore, when the electric vehicle E is put in the parking lot, only the work of contacting the bumper B with the coil positioning device 50, and the coil positioning device 50 aligns both coils at the electromagnetic coupling position. Charging can be performed very easily regardless of the driver's driving skill.
  In addition,Reference exampleIn this case, a ball screw mechanism is used as means for driving the primary coil 31, but it may be moved by a timing belt 58 as shown in FIG. The means for supporting the primary coil 31 is:Reference exampleIn addition to the support rail 51, for example, a slider 59b of one rail 59a as shown in FIG. 13 may be provided. further,In this reference example,The sensor 43 is used as a position detecting means for detecting the position of the secondary coil, and is detected only when both coils are in a position where electromagnetic coupling is possible. For example, the amount of positional deviation between both coils is detected. Also good. In that case, both coils may be brought into a face-to-face state by moving the primary coil by the amount of deviation.
[0038]
  <Fourth embodiment>
  This embodiment, Above reference exampleThe coil positioning device 80 fixed to the wall surface W in FIG. 1 is supported so as to be tiltable in the horizontal plane with respect to the wall surface W via the elastic support mechanism 90, and for automatic automatic alignment of both coils in the lateral direction. In addition, the facing angle can be automatically adjusted to be parallel. Hereinafter, a description will be given based on FIGS. 14 to 18.
  As shown in FIG. 14 or 15, the coil positioning device 80 includes a horizontally long housing 81, and the housing 81 is provided with a support rail 51, a ball screw 55, and the like.Reference exampleThe same function as that of the coil positioning device 50 described in the above item is provided.
[0039]
A pressure-sensitive switch 40 (not shown) is provided inside the housing 81 so that it can be detected that the front support rail 51 is pressurized. A communication element (not shown) is provided so that information such as the charge amount of the electric vehicle E can be obtained.
The housing 81 is attached to the wall surface W of the parking lot via an elastic support mechanism 90. The elastic support mechanism 90 includes a support bracket 91 erected on the back side of the housing 81 and a column 92 erected side by side in the horizontal direction at the same interval from the wall surface W of the parking lot.
[0040]
As shown in FIG. 18, the column 92 has a "U" -shaped tip and is divided into two vertically, and a shaft 94 is vertically penetrated together with a support bracket 91 interposed therebetween. . The through hole through which the shaft 94 passes is formed in the same diameter in the support column 92, and is a long hole in the support bracket 91 so as to be movable back and forth with respect to the shaft 94. Therefore, the support bracket 91 is connected to the tip end of the support column 92 via the shaft 94 and can be rotated and slid. Further, the shaft 94 can be inclined in the long hole, so that the support bracket 91 can be tilted.
[0041]
As shown in the drawing, both end portions of the shaft 94 are provided with a retaining measure, for example, with a clip or a nut.
The support column 92 and the support bracket 91 connected in this manner are urged in a direction of passing through the compression coil spring 93 and pushing out. As a result, the support bracket 91 is held without rattling while maintaining a stroke that can slide forward, and acts as follows. For example, when the electric vehicle E is parked obliquely, one end of the bumper B comes into contact with one end of the coil positioning device 80, so that only the elastic support mechanism 90 on the side pressed by the bumper B slides. As shown in FIG. 16, the bumper B of the electric vehicle E and the coil positioning device 80 are inclined in the horizontal direction so as to face each other in parallel. Further, when the electric vehicle E is parked straight, the coil positioning device 80 is evenly pushed by the bumper B, so that both the elastic support mechanisms 90 and 90 are slid and absorbed by the compression coil spring 93. You can also Further, since the elastic support mechanism 90 tilts forward and backward, the coil positioning device 80, the bumper B, and the forward / backward inclination can also be absorbed and brought into close contact with each other.
[0042]
  On the other hand, the electric vehicle E includes the secondary coil 14 on the front side thereof, and the direction of the electromagnetic coupling surface thereof is matched to the direction of the contact surface of the bumper B with the coil positioning device 80. Therefore, when the coil positioning device 80 and the bumper B face each other in parallel as described above, the electromagnetic coupling surfaces of the two coils are in a face-to-face state parallel to each other. Further, as described above, the coil positioning device 80 also tilts forward and backward, so that the contact surface of the bumper B can be inclined and the electromagnetic coupling surface of the secondary coil can be inclined accordingly.
  For other structures,Reference exampleThe same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
[0043]
Next, the charging procedure of the electric vehicle E in this embodiment will be described. The electric vehicle E is put in the parking lot, the bumper B is brought into contact with the coil positioning device 80 protruding from the wall surface W, and the electric vehicle E is stopped when the stop lamp 41 is lit by the operation of the pressure sensitive switch 40. At this time, even if the electric vehicle E contacts the coil positioning device 80 obliquely, the elastic support mechanism 90 absorbs the inclined portion, and the bumper B of the electric vehicle E and the coil positioning device 80 are connected. Since it can be made to face, the driver does not need to worry about the parking angle with respect to the coil positioning device 80.
[0044]
  Also, the coil positioning device 80 is activated by the operation of the pressure sensitive switch 40, and the above-mentionedReference exampleSimilarly, the primary coil 31 is guided to a position where it can be electromagnetically coupled to the secondary coil 14 to be charged. At this time, since the bumper B of the electric vehicle E and the coil positioning device 80 are opposed to each other, the coils can always be properly positioned at the electric coupling position, and charging can be performed with good charging efficiency.
  <Other embodiments>
  The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described with reference to the above description and drawings. For example, the following embodiments are also included in the technical scope of the present invention, and further, other than the following, do not depart from the gist. Various modifications can be made within the range.
[0045]
  (1) The first to the aboveThirdIn the embodiment, the primary coil unit 30 is provided on the wall surface W of the parking lot. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the primary coil is the floor surface of the parking lot with respect to the secondary coil provided on the bottom surface of the electric vehicle. The secondary coil may be provided on the ceiling surface, bonnet, or trunk lid of the electric vehicle, and the primary coil may be lowered from the ceiling of the parking lot and lowered to the secondary coil. You may make it couple | bond with a next coil. Furthermore, even when the primary coil is provided on the wall surface of the parking lot, the primary coil is not limited to a form that protrudes in advance from the wall surface W as in the above-described embodiments. It may be configured to be coupled with a secondary coil in an electric vehicle, and it is attached to a wall surface so as to be pivotable around a horizontal axis of rotation, and detects that the electric vehicle is parked at a predetermined position. It is good also as a structure which reaches | attains the position couple | bonded with the secondary coil provided in the front bottom face of an electric vehicle by turning in the horizontal direction from the bottom.
[0046]
(2) In each of the above embodiments, the charging capacity detection means is provided so that the battery is automatically charged when the remaining capacity of the power storage device 19 is small. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the charging capacity detection means For example, a charging switch may be provided on the instrument panel in the vehicle, and charging may be started on the condition that the driver parked the electric vehicle at a predetermined position and operated the charging switch in the vehicle.
(3) The vehicle position detection means is not limited to the one provided with a pressure switch in the cushioning material 39 as in each of the above-described embodiments, and can be replaced with the following various position detection means. A strain gauge is attached to the surface of the buffer material, and the deformation of the buffer material when the electric vehicle comes into contact is detected. The cushioning material is formed of conductive rubber, and the electrical conductivity of the conductive rubber is measured to detect compression due to contact with the electric vehicle. A proximity switch using ultrasonic waves, magnetism, light, etc. is provided on the wall surface side of the parking lot to detect the approach of the vehicle body. A light-shielding photoelectric switch comprising a plurality of pairs of light projecting / receiving elements is installed at a predetermined position in the parking lot, and when the electric vehicle is parked at a predetermined position, the light path of the light projecting / receiving elements is blocked. A transmitting element such as an ultrasonic wave or light is provided at a predetermined position of the electric vehicle, and the detecting element is provided on a wall surface of a parking lot. When an alternating current for detection is passed through the primary coil and the phase difference between the voltage and current is measured, the electric vehicle is parked at a predetermined position and both the primary and secondary coils are magnetically coupled. An electric vehicle is detected based on a change in phase difference between voltage and current.
[0047]
(4) In each of the above embodiments, communication is performed between the electric vehicle and the parking lot side using the infrared communication elements 15 and 42, but the present invention is not limited to this, and radio waves, ultrasonic waves, visible You may make it perform communication between both using light rays.
(5) Moreover, in order to park an electric vehicle in the predetermined position of a parking lot, you may make it provide the vehicle guide which the tire of an electric vehicle fits in the floor surface etc. of a parking lot.
(6) In the above embodiment, the support base 34 of the primary coil unit 30 is supported by the compression spring 38. However, the structure is not limited to this, and the support base is supported by another elastic body such as rubber or a leaf spring. It is also good.
[0048]
  (7) As a support mechanism for supporting the primary coil on the wall surface of the parking lot,Fourth embodimentIn addition to the elastic support mechanism 90 shown in FIG.
  (I) A coil positioning device provided with a primary coil is supported in such a manner that it can be tilted in one place with respect to the wall surface W of the parking lot in the middle in the lateral direction to form a seesaw structure so that the seesaw is balanced by a coil spring or the like. Energize. Even if it does in this way, when an electric vehicle enters from the inclination direction different from a right angle with respect to a wall surface, a primary coil tilts by the front part of an electric vehicle contacting a coil positioning device, and it is parallel to a secondary coil. It is possible to achieve a face-to-face state. In this case, there is an advantage that the support structure can be easily configured. However, as mentioned aboveFourth embodimentThen, since both support pillars 92 which are support parts rotate by the difference of contraction, it can rotate, absorbing the back-and-forth movement of the parking position of the electric vehicle E, and further follow the parking angle of the electric vehicle E. It becomes easy to do.
[0049]
  (ii) The aboveFourth embodimentFor example, a slider or a parallel link or the like may be provided on the support 92 of the seesaw or the tilt support portion of the seesaw to support the primary coil so that the primary coil can be moved in parallel up and down with respect to the wall surface W of the parking lot. The base end side of 92 may be supported by a support shaft extending in the horizontal direction so that the tip end side can be tilted in the vertical direction. According to this configuration, the compression degree of the suspension spring of the vehicle body varies depending on, for example, the load of the electric vehicle, so that the vertical position of the secondary coil attached to the vehicle body varies depending on the load load. Even under circumstances, the fluctuation can be absorbed by moving the primary coil side up and down, so that both coils can always be in good opposition.
  (iii) Further, the primary coil may be supported by elastic struts. For example, it is good also as a structure which hold | maintains at the front-end | tip of the coil spring or rubber | gum support | pillar which made the primary coil protruded from the wall surface, and can displace a primary coil freely in any direction of up-down, left-right. In this case, the tilting mechanism can be realized easily and inexpensively.
[0050]
  (8) Also,Reference exampleThen, although it comprised so that a primary coil could be driven in the left-right direction (horizontal direction), not only this but it can also comprise as follows. (I) For example, the primary coil is simply supported in the horizontal direction so as to be freely movable by a support rail extending in the horizontal direction. According to this configuration, when the primary coil is excited during charging, a force is generated between the coils to cause the magnetic centers to coincide with each other due to the magnetic flux linked to the secondary coil. As a result, the primary coil naturally moves in a direction in which the secondary coil and the magnetic center coincide with each other, and the degree of magnetic coupling increases.
[0051]
(2) For example, the primary coil may be fixed to the support mechanism without moving at all. In the case of such a configuration, for example, by providing a mechanism for guiding the tires of the electric vehicle on the floor surface of the parking lot, it is possible to guide both the coils to reach the normal magnetic coupling position. Thus, an electromagnetic coupling device for charging an electric vehicle can be realized.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an internal structural view of a parking lot showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the primary coil.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the primary coil.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the combined state of the primary coil and the secondary coil.
FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the charging system.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment of the present invention.
[Fig. 8]Reference examplesPerspective view of parking lot showing
FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the primary coil.
FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a state where an electric vehicle is also parked in the parking lot.
FIG. 11 is a plan view showing a state in which the primary coil is driven and moved to the electromagnetic coupling position with the secondary coil.
FIG. 12 shows the driving means of the primary coilOther examplesA perspective view showing
FIG. 13 shows the primary coil support means.Other examplesA perspective view showing
FIG. 14 shows the present invention.Fourth embodimentPerspective view of a parking lot showing
FIG. 15 is a plan view showing a state where an electric vehicle is also parked in the parking lot.
FIG. 16 is a plan view showing a state where an electric vehicle is also parked obliquely in the parking lot.
FIG. 17 is a plan view showing the electromagnetic coupling state in the same manner.
FIG. 18 is a side view showing the electromagnetic coupling state.
FIG. 19 is a side view showing a conventional charging system.
[Explanation of symbols]
B ... Bumper
E ... Electric car
W ... Wall
14 ... Secondary coil
15, 42 ... Infrared communication element
17 ... Charge capacity detection circuit
18 ... Charging circuit
30 ... Primary coil unit
31 ... Primary coil
39 ... cushioning material
40 ... Pressure switch
41 ... Stop lamp
44 ... Power supply circuit
43 ... Sensor
46 ... Automobile position detection circuit
47. Charge control circuit
50. Coil positioning device
51 ... Support rail
52. Support member
55 ... Ball screw
57 ... Motor
70. Identification code transmission circuit
71 ... Identification code inspection circuit
90 ... Elastic support mechanism

Claims (11)

A system for charging a power storage device of an electric vehicle, comprising a primary coil installed on the parking lot side of the electric vehicle and connected to a power source for charging, and a secondary connected to a charging circuit for the power storage device provided in the electric vehicle A coil, vehicle position detecting means for detecting that the coils are in a magnetically connectable position, and the charging on the condition that the vehicle position detecting means detects that the electric vehicle is in a predetermined position. A charge control circuit for exciting the primary coil with a power source for power,
  The electric vehicle is provided with an identification code transmitting means, and the parking lot side is provided with an identification code inspection means for comparing the identification code received from the electric vehicle side with a pre-stored one. A charging system for an electric vehicle, characterized in that the primary coil is excited on the condition that the identification code inspection means matches the two. The charge control circuit includes charge capacity detection means for detecting the charge capacity of the power storage device, and further excites the primary coil on condition that the charge capacity detected by the charge capacity detection means is equal to or less than a predetermined value. The charging system for an electric vehicle according to claim 1 . The charge control circuit includes charge capacity detection means for detecting a charge capacity of the power storage device, and a display means for displaying a charge state according to the charge capacity of the power storage device is provided on the parking lot side. The charging system for an electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2 .   An electromagnetic coupling device provided on a parking lot side of an electric vehicle for charging a power storage device of the electric vehicle, wherein a primary coil that can be opposed to a secondary coil provided at a front portion of the electric vehicle includes the parking lot It is provided as a primary coil unit that is supported on the wall surface, and the primary coil unit can be displaced up and down according to the height position of the secondary coil from the floor of the parking lot. Electromagnetic coupling device for charging electric vehicles.   An electromagnetic coupling device provided on a parking lot side of an electric vehicle for charging a power storage device of the electric vehicle, wherein a primary coil unit including a primary coil connected to a charging power source protrudes from a wall surface of the parking lot The primary coil unit is inserted into a receiving case provided on the front surface of the electric vehicle as the electric vehicle approaches the parking lot wall surface side. Electromagnetic coupling device for charging electric vehicles. The primary coil unit is configured by accommodating a primary coil in a protective case having a support base, and the support base is supported by a holder provided on the wall surface of the parking lot via an elastic body. 6. The electromagnetic coupling device for charging an electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the tip side is displaceable. The primary coil unit is configured by accommodating a primary coil in a protective case having a support base, and the support base is provided rotatably on a holder provided on a wall surface of the parking lot via a support shaft, The electric vehicle charging device according to claim 4 or 5, wherein an elastic body is arranged between the front and rear of the support shaft and an inner surface of the holder so that a tip end side of the protective case can be displaced. Electromagnetic coupling device. 8. The electricity according to claim 7, wherein a bearing hole for receiving the support shaft is formed larger than the support shaft and accommodates the support shaft in a rattling state so that the front end side of the protective case can be displaced. Electromagnetic coupling device for car charging. The electromagnetic coupling device for charging an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 4 to 8 , wherein an inclined surface having a tapered shape is formed on a distal end side of the primary coil unit. The electric vehicle according to any one of claims 4 to 9 , wherein a guide slope that increases the opening area toward the front is formed in a front opening of the receiving case into which the primary coil unit enters. Electromagnetic coupling device for charging.   An electromagnetic coupling device provided on a parking lot side of an electric vehicle for charging a power storage device of the electric vehicle, wherein a primary coil unit including a primary coil connected to a charging power source is supported on a wall surface of the parking lot The support mechanism is provided so as to face a secondary coil provided at a front portion of the electric vehicle via a mechanism, and the front portion of the electric vehicle is in contact with the primary coil unit. An electromagnetic coupling device for charging an electric vehicle, wherein the electromagnetic coupling surface is tilted so as to face the electromagnetic coupling surface of the secondary coil in parallel.

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