JP3744376B2 - Battery cooling system for electric vehicles - Google Patents

Battery cooling system for electric vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3744376B2
JP3744376B2 JP2001115566A JP2001115566A JP3744376B2 JP 3744376 B2 JP3744376 B2 JP 3744376B2 JP 2001115566 A JP2001115566 A JP 2001115566A JP 2001115566 A JP2001115566 A JP 2001115566A JP 3744376 B2 JP3744376 B2 JP 3744376B2
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battery cell
downstream
cell chamber
battery
cooling
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JP2002313440A (en
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学 佐藤
卓弥 福田
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/06—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with air cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/005—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric storage means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は電気自動車のバッテリ冷却装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
電気自動車は周知のように複数個のバッテリセルを収容したバッテリケースを搭載して、このバッテリセルを電気エネルギー供給源としているが、バッテリセルがその充放電時の発生熱で高温化するとエネルギー効率が低下するため、例えば特開平１１−６７１７８号公報、特開２０００−６７９３４号公報等に示されているようなバッテリセルの冷却装置が提案されている。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記何れの冷却装置にあっても、冷却風を動圧によって供給するため、バッテリケース内の冷却風通路に滞留が生じ易く、バッテリセルを効率よく冷却することができなくなってしまう。
【０００４】
そこで、本発明はバッテリケース内のバッテリセルの冷却の偏りを解消できて、バッテリセルの冷却効率を一段と高めることができる電気自動車のバッテリ冷却装置を提供するものである。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項１の発明にあっては、複数個のバッテリセルを収容するバッテリケース内を隔壁によって、最上流部に空気取入口を備えて複数個のバッテリセルを収容した上流側バッテリセル室と、最下流部に空気排出口を備えて複数個のバッテリセルを収容した下流側バッテリセル室と、に並列に隣接して隔成すると共に前記上流側バッテリセル室の最下流部に、空気取入口から流入した空気流を縮流する縮流部を設け、前記上流側バッテリセル室と下流側バッテリセル室との間には、前記縮流部に連設配置した冷却ファンを備えて、該冷却ファン後流の冷却風の速度成分を静圧に変換する容積の大きな静圧チャンバを設けると共に、該静圧チャンバと下流側バッテリセル室とを連通して静圧チャンバ内から下流側バッテリセル室に冷却風を供給する連通口を設けたことを特徴としている。
【０００６】
請求項２の発明にあっては、請求項１に記載の下流側バッテリセル室を上流側バッテリセル室よりも管路長を短かく設定したことを特徴としている。
【０００７】
請求項３の発明にあっては、請求項１，２に記載の下流側バッテリセル室を上流側バッテリセル室よりも冷却風の流れに対して垂直方向の断面積を大きく設定したことを特徴としている。
【０００８】
請求項４の発明にあっては、請求項１〜３に記載の電気自動車のバッテリ冷却装置であって、静圧チャンバに配設した冷却ファンが、そのインレットとアウトレットとで冷却風の速度ベクトルを略直角に偏向する遠心ファンであることを特徴としている。
【０００９】
請求項５の発明にあっては、請求項１〜４に記載の電気自動車のバッテリ冷却装置であって、静圧チャンバと下流側バッテリセル室とを連通する連通口を、冷却ファンのアウトレットと対向しない位置に設けたことを特徴としている。
【００１０】
請求項６の発明にあっては、請求項１〜５に記載の電気自動車のバッテリ冷却装置であって、静圧チャンバの内壁を吸音構造としたことを特徴としている。
【００１１】
【発明の効果】
請求項１に記載の発明によれば、冷却ファンによって空気取入口から上流側バッテリセル室に空気が流入すると、該上流側バッテリセル室の最下流部に設けた縮流部により冷却ファンの直前で空気流が縮流されて、冷却風の流速低下を該縮流部のオリフィス効果によって低減することができ、該上流側バッテリセル室内で冷却風が滞留するのを防止して上流側バッテリセル室に収容したバッテリセルの個々に冷却風を行き渡らせることができる。
【００１２】
そして、静圧チャンバでは冷却ファンのアウトレット直後で急激に管路面積が拡大しているため、該静圧チャンバで冷却ファンにより送風される冷却風の速度成分が静圧に変換されて、該静圧チャンバ内から連通口を介して下流側バッテリセル室に冷却風が供給され、該下流側バッテリセル室ではその最上流側の連通口部分と最下流側の空気排出口部分との圧力差が略一定に確保されて、該下流側バッテリセル室に収容したバッテリセルの個々に均等な冷却風量、風速の冷却風を供給することができる。
【００１３】
この結果、バッテリケース内の全てのバッテリセルを均等に冷却することができて、バッテリセルの冷却効率を一段と高めることができる。
【００１４】
また、前述のように静圧チャンバで気流音の主要因である流体速度を一旦大きく低下させるため、騒音を低減することができる。つまり、静圧チャンバでは空気流に微少な渦が発生しても、それを成長させる程の大きな主流が存在しないため、渦による騒音を低減することができる。
【００１５】
請求項２に記載の発明によれば、請求項１の発明の効果に加えて、下流側バッテリセル室の管路長を上流側バッテリセル室の管路長よりも短かく設定して、該下流側バッテリセル室の冷却風の圧力損失を小さく抑制できるようにしてあるため、該下流側バッテリセル室の冷却風量、風速の減少を抑えてバッテリセル個々のより均一な冷却性を図ることができる。
【００１６】
請求項３に記載の発明によれば、請求項１，２の発明の効果に加えて、下流側バッテリセル室の冷却風流れに対して垂直方向の断面積を上流側バッテリセル室の同方向の断面積よりも大きく設定することによって、該上流側バッテリセル室の管路幅を狭められて縮流部の管路縮小比、つまり、縮流部の大径部と小径部との比率を小さくできて該縮流部の縮管長さを短縮でき、従って縮流部での管路抵抗を小さく抑えて冷却ファンのファン効率を高めることができる。
【００１７】
請求項４に記載の発明によれば、請求項１〜３の発明の効果に加えて、遠心ファンによって管路抵抗を生じることなく冷却風の流れ方向を略直角に偏向して冷却風を下流側バッテリセル室に向かわせることができて、冷却ファンのファン効率を高めることができる。
【００１８】
請求項５に記載の発明によれば、請求項１〜４の発明の効果に加えて、冷却ファンから送風された冷却風の動圧が連通口および下流側バッテリセル室に影響するのを回避できるため、下流側バッテリセル室の冷却風量、風速の均一化をより一層高めることができる。
【００１９】
請求項６に記載の発明によれば、請求項１〜５の発明の効果に加えて、静圧チャンバの内壁を吸音構造としてあるため、静圧チャンバで気流音が生じてもこれを吸収することができて、ファン騒音を大幅に低減することができる。
【００２０】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面と共に詳述する。
【００２１】
図１において、１は複数個のバッテリセル２を収容するバッテリケースを示し、該バッテリケース１内を隔壁３によって、複数個のバッテリセル２を収容した上流側バッテリセル室４と、複数個のバッテリセル２を収容した下流側バッテリセル室５と、に並列に隣接して隔成してある。
【００２２】
上流側バッテリセル室４の最上流部には空気取入口６を形成してある一方、下流側バッテリセル室５の最下流部には空気排出口７を形成してある。
【００２３】
また、上流側バッテリセル室４の最下流部には、該上流側バッテリセル室４の開口面積を漸次縮小して、空気取入口６から流入した空気流を縮流する縮流部８を設けてある。
【００２４】
バッテリケース１の一側部には、前記上流側バッテリセル室４と下流側バッテリセル室５とを中継し、前記縮流部８に連設配置した冷却ファン１０を備えて、該冷却ファン１０の後流の冷却風の速度成分を静圧に変換する容積の大きな静圧チャンバ９を設けてある。
【００２５】
また、前記下流側バッテリセル室５はその最上流部において連通口１１を介して前記静圧チャンバ９に連通している。
【００２６】
この静圧チャンバ９は、その内壁９ａを例えば粗面に形成して吸音構造としてある。
【００２７】
また、前記冷却ファン１０として本実施形態にあっては、インレット１０ａとアウトレット１０ｂとで冷却風の速度ベクトルを略直角に偏向する遠心ファンを用いている。
【００２８】
更に、本実施形態にあってはバッテリケース１の他側部には、上流側バッテリセル室４に収容したバッテリセル２の作動を制御するセルコントローラ１２Ａと、下流側バッテリセル室５に収容したバッテリセル２の作動を制御するセルコントローラ１２Ｂと、これらバッテリセル２からの電流を供給制御するジャンクションボックス１３とを隔成して搭載してある。
【００２９】
以上の実施形態の構造によれば、冷却ファン１０を作動すると、空気取入口６より上流側バッテリセル室４内に空気が流入し、該上流側バッテリセル室４内を冷却風となって矢印Ａ1で示すように流通し、縮流部８および該冷却ファン１０を経由して矢印Ａ2で示すように静圧チャンバ９に流入し、そして該静圧チャンバ９を中継として連通口１１から下流側バッテリセル室５に導入されて矢印Ａ3で示すように該下流側バッテリ室５を流通し、空気排出口７よりバッテリケース１外へ排出される。
【００３０】
ここで、前述のように冷却ファン１０によって空気取入口６から上流側バッテリセル室４に空気が流入すると、該上流側バッテリセル室４の最下流部に設けた縮流部８により冷却ファン１０の直前で空気流が縮流されて、冷却風の流速低下を該縮流部８のオリフィス効果によって低減し、該上流側バッテリセル室４内で冷却風が滞留するのを防止して上流側バッテリセル室４に収容したバッテリセル２の個々に冷却風を行き渡らせる。
【００３１】
そして、静圧チャンバ９では冷却ファン１０のアウトレット１０ｂの直後で急激に管路面積が拡大しているため、該静圧チャンバ９で冷却ファン１０により送風される冷却風の速度成分が静圧に変換されて、該静圧チャンバ９内から前述のように連通口１１を介して下流側バッテリセル室５に冷却風が供給され、該下流側バッテリセル室５ではその最上流側の連通口１１の部分と最下流側の空気排出口７の部分との圧力差が略一定に確保されて、該下流側バッテリセル室５に収容したバッテリセル２の個々に均等な冷却風量、風速の冷却風を供給することができる。
【００３２】
この結果、バッテリケース１内の全てのバッテリセル２を均等に冷却することができて、バッテリセル２の冷却効率を一段と高めることができる。
【００３３】
また、前述の静圧チャンバ９では冷却ファン１０直後の空気流は、管路面積の急拡大により多くの渦を伴った流れとなり、この渦が気流音の原因となり得るが、前述のように該静圧チャンバ９でこの気流音の主要因である流体速度を一旦大きく低下させるため、騒音を低減することができる。
【００３４】
つまり、静圧チャンバ９では空気流に微少な渦が発生しても、それを成長させる程の大きな主流が存在しないため、渦による騒音を低減することができる。
【００３５】
とりわけ、本実施形態では静圧チャンバ９の内壁９ａを粗面に形成して吸音構造としてあるため、この内壁９ａで渦流の消失を促進し、冷却風の流れの速度成分を効率よく圧力成分に変換して下流側バッテリセル室５のバッテリセル２の冷却効率を向上すると同時に、該内壁９ａで気流音自体をも吸収してファン騒音を大幅に低減することができる。
【００３６】
また、冷却ファン１０として遠心ファンを用いているため、該遠心ファンによって管路抵抗を生じることなく冷却風の流れ方向を矢印Ａ2で示すように略直角に偏向して冷却風を下流側バッテリセル室５に向かわせることができて、冷却ファン１０のファン効率を高めることができる。
【００３７】
しかも、この冷却ファン１０として遠心ファンを用いてそのアウトレット１０ｂが連通口１１と対向しないような配置としてあるため、冷却ファン１０から送風された冷却風の動圧が連通口１１および下流側バッテリセル室５に影響するのを回避できるため、下流側バッテリセル室５の冷却風量、風速の均一化をより一層高めることができる。
【００３８】
図２は本発明の第２実施形態を示すもので、本実施形態にあっては、前記第１実施形態における上流側バッテリセル室４をバッテリケース１の中央部に配設し、その左右両側部に下流側バッテリセル室５，５を並列に隣接して隔成してある。
【００３９】
また、下流側バッテリセル室５はその管路長を上流側バッテリセル室４の管路長よりも短かく設定してある。
【００４０】
従って、この第２の実施形態の構造によれば前記第１実施形態と同様の効果が得られる他、下流側バッテリセル室５を複数にして、該下流側バッテリセル５，５の冷却風の流れに対して垂直方向の総断面積を、上流側バッテリセル室４の同方向の断面積よりも大きく設定することにより、該上流側バッテリセル室４の管路幅を狭められて縮流部８の管路縮小比、つまり、縮流部８の大径部ＷO と小径部Ｗ1 との比率を小さくできて、該縮流部８の縮管長さＬを短縮でき、従って、縮流部８での管路抵抗を小さく抑えて冷却ファン１０のファン効率を高めることができる。
【００４１】
また、下流側バッテリセル室５の管路長を上流側バッテリセル室４の管路長よりも短かく設定して、該下流側バッテリセル室５の冷却風の圧力損失を小さく抑制できるようにしてあるため、該下流側バッテリセル室５の冷却風量、風速の減少を抑えてバッテリセル２の個々のより均一な冷却性を図ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第１実施形態を示す略示的平面説明図。
【図２】本発明の第２の実施形態を示す略示的平面説明図。
【符号の説明】
１…バッテリケース
２…バッテリセル
３…隔壁
４…上流側バッテリセル室
５…下流側バッテリセル室
６…空気取入口
７…空気排出口
８…縮流部
９…静圧チャンバ
９ａ…内壁
１０…冷却ファン
１１…連通口[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a battery cooling device for an electric vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As is well known, an electric vehicle is equipped with a battery case containing a plurality of battery cells, and this battery cell is used as an electric energy supply source. However, energy efficiency is increased when the battery cell is heated by heat generated during charging and discharging. Therefore, for example, battery cell cooling devices such as those disclosed in JP-A-11-67178 and JP-A-2000-67934 have been proposed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In any of the cooling devices, since the cooling air is supplied by dynamic pressure, the cooling air passage in the battery case is likely to stay and the battery cells cannot be efficiently cooled.
[0004]
Therefore, the present invention provides a battery cooling device for an electric vehicle that can eliminate the uneven cooling of the battery cells in the battery case and further increase the cooling efficiency of the battery cells.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the invention of claim 1, an upstream battery cell chamber containing a plurality of battery cells with an air inlet at the most upstream part by a partition wall in a battery case that accommodates a plurality of battery cells; A downstream battery cell chamber having an air discharge port at the most downstream portion and accommodating a plurality of battery cells, and adjacent to and parallel to the downstream battery cell chamber, and an air intake port at the most downstream portion of the upstream battery cell chamber A constriction part for constricting the air flow flowing in from the battery is provided, and a cooling fan arranged continuously to the constriction part is provided between the upstream battery cell chamber and the downstream battery cell chamber. A static pressure chamber having a large volume for converting the speed component of the cooling air flow downstream of the fan into a static pressure is provided, and the static pressure chamber and the downstream battery cell chamber communicate with each other to communicate with the downstream battery cell chamber from the static pressure chamber. Supply cooling air to It is characterized in that a communicating port.
[0006]
The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the downstream battery cell chamber according to claim 1 is set to be shorter than the upstream battery cell chamber.
[0007]
In the invention of claim 3, the downstream battery cell chamber according to claims 1 and 2 is set to have a larger cross-sectional area in the direction perpendicular to the flow of cooling air than the upstream battery cell chamber. It is said.
[0008]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery cooling apparatus for an electric vehicle according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the cooling fan disposed in the static pressure chamber has a cooling air velocity vector at its inlet and outlet. It is characterized by being a centrifugal fan that deflects at a substantially right angle.
[0009]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a battery cooling device for an electric vehicle according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the communication port that communicates the static pressure chamber and the downstream battery cell chamber with the outlet of the cooling fan. It is characterized by being provided at a position that does not oppose.
[0010]
The invention according to claim 6 is the battery cooling apparatus for an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the inner wall of the static pressure chamber has a sound absorbing structure.
[0011]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, when air flows into the upstream battery cell chamber from the air intake port by the cooling fan, it is immediately before the cooling fan by the contracted portion provided in the most downstream portion of the upstream battery cell chamber. In the upstream battery cell, the flow rate of the cooling air can be reduced by the orifice effect of the reduced flow portion to prevent the cooling air from staying in the upstream battery cell chamber. Cooling air can be distributed to each battery cell accommodated in the chamber.
[0012]
In the static pressure chamber, the pipe area suddenly increases immediately after the outlet of the cooling fan. Therefore, the velocity component of the cooling air blown by the cooling fan in the static pressure chamber is converted into static pressure, and the static pressure chamber Cooling air is supplied from the inside of the pressure chamber to the downstream battery cell chamber through the communication port, and in the downstream battery cell chamber, the pressure difference between the communication port portion on the most upstream side and the air discharge port portion on the most downstream side is reduced. It is ensured to be substantially constant, and it is possible to supply cooling air with an equal cooling air amount and air speed to each battery cell accommodated in the downstream battery cell chamber.
[0013]
As a result, all the battery cells in the battery case can be uniformly cooled, and the cooling efficiency of the battery cells can be further increased.
[0014]
Further, as described above, the fluid velocity, which is the main cause of the airflow noise, is once greatly reduced in the static pressure chamber, so that noise can be reduced. That is, in the static pressure chamber, even if a minute vortex is generated in the air flow, there is no main flow large enough to grow the vortex, so that noise caused by the vortex can be reduced.
[0015]
According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, the pipe length of the downstream battery cell chamber is set shorter than the pipe length of the upstream battery cell chamber, Since the pressure loss of the cooling air in the downstream battery cell chamber can be suppressed to a small level, it is possible to suppress the decrease in the cooling air volume and the wind speed in the downstream battery cell chamber and achieve more uniform cooling performance of each battery cell. it can.
[0016]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the first and second aspects of the invention, the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the cooling air flow in the downstream battery cell chamber is the same as that in the upstream battery cell chamber. Is set to be larger than the cross-sectional area, the pipe width of the upstream battery cell chamber is narrowed to reduce the pipe reduction ratio of the contracted portion, that is, the ratio between the large diameter portion and the small diameter portion of the contracted portion. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the length of the contraction pipe in the contraction section, and thus it is possible to increase the fan efficiency of the cooling fan by suppressing the pipe resistance in the contraction section.
[0017]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the first to third aspects, the flow direction of the cooling air is deflected substantially perpendicularly without causing pipe resistance by the centrifugal fan, and the cooling air is made downstream. It can be directed to the side battery cell chamber, and the fan efficiency of the cooling fan can be increased.
[0018]
According to the fifth aspect of the invention, in addition to the effects of the first to fourth aspects of the invention, the dynamic pressure of the cooling air blown from the cooling fan is avoided from affecting the communication port and the downstream battery cell chamber. Therefore, it is possible to further increase the cooling air volume and the air speed in the downstream battery cell chamber.
[0019]
According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the first to fifth aspects of the invention, the inner wall of the static pressure chamber has a sound absorbing structure, so even if air flow noise is generated in the static pressure chamber, it is absorbed. And fan noise can be greatly reduced.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0021]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a battery case that houses a plurality of battery cells 2, and an upstream battery cell chamber 4 that houses a plurality of battery cells 2 by a partition wall 3 in the battery case 1, and a plurality of battery cells 2. A downstream battery cell chamber 5 in which the battery cell 2 is housed is adjacent to and separated in parallel.
[0022]
An air intake 6 is formed in the most upstream part of the upstream battery cell chamber 4, while an air discharge port 7 is formed in the most downstream part of the downstream battery cell chamber 5.
[0023]
In addition, a downstream portion of the upstream battery cell chamber 4 is provided with a contracted portion 8 that gradually reduces the opening area of the upstream battery cell chamber 4 and contracts the air flow flowing in from the air intake 6. It is.
[0024]
One side of the battery case 1 is provided with a cooling fan 10 that relays the upstream battery cell chamber 4 and the downstream battery cell chamber 5 and is arranged continuously to the contracted flow portion 8. A static pressure chamber 9 having a large volume for converting the velocity component of the cooling air in the downstream flow into static pressure is provided.
[0025]
The downstream battery cell chamber 5 communicates with the static pressure chamber 9 through a communication port 11 at the most upstream portion.
[0026]
The static pressure chamber 9 has a sound absorbing structure with its inner wall 9a formed, for example, in a rough surface.
[0027]
In the present embodiment, the cooling fan 10 is a centrifugal fan that deflects the velocity vector of the cooling air at a substantially right angle between the inlet 10a and the outlet 10b.
[0028]
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the other side of the battery case 1 is housed in the cell controller 12A for controlling the operation of the battery cell 2 housed in the upstream battery cell chamber 4 and in the downstream battery cell chamber 5. A cell controller 12B that controls the operation of the battery cell 2 and a junction box 13 that controls supply of current from the battery cell 2 are mounted separately.
[0029]
According to the structure of the above embodiment, when the cooling fan 10 is actuated, air flows into the upstream battery cell chamber 4 from the air intake 6, and the inside of the upstream battery cell chamber 4 becomes cooling air as an arrow. It flows as shown by A 1 , flows into the static pressure chamber 9 as shown by arrow A 2 via the contraction part 8 and the cooling fan 10, and from the communication port 11 using the static pressure chamber 9 as a relay. It is introduced into the downstream battery cell chamber 5 and flows through the downstream battery chamber 5 as indicated by arrow A 3 , and is discharged out of the battery case 1 through the air discharge port 7.
[0030]
Here, when air flows from the air intake 6 into the upstream battery cell chamber 4 by the cooling fan 10 as described above, the cooling fan 10 is provided by the contracted portion 8 provided at the most downstream portion of the upstream battery cell chamber 4. Immediately before the air flow is reduced, and the flow velocity reduction of the cooling air is reduced by the orifice effect of the reduced flow portion 8 to prevent the cooling air from staying in the upstream battery cell chamber 4 and to the upstream side. Cooling air is distributed to each battery cell 2 accommodated in the battery cell chamber 4.
[0031]
In the static pressure chamber 9, the pipe area rapidly increases immediately after the outlet 10 b of the cooling fan 10, so that the velocity component of the cooling air blown by the cooling fan 10 in the static pressure chamber 9 becomes static pressure. After being converted, cooling air is supplied from the inside of the static pressure chamber 9 to the downstream battery cell chamber 5 via the communication port 11 as described above, and in the downstream battery cell chamber 5, the communication port 11 on the most upstream side thereof. The pressure difference between this portion and the portion of the air discharge port 7 on the most downstream side is ensured to be substantially constant, so that the cooling air of the battery cells 2 accommodated in the downstream battery cell chamber 5 is evenly and uniformly cooled. Can be supplied.
[0032]
As a result, all the battery cells 2 in the battery case 1 can be uniformly cooled, and the cooling efficiency of the battery cells 2 can be further enhanced.
[0033]
In the static pressure chamber 9 described above, the air flow immediately after the cooling fan 10 becomes a flow with many vortices due to the rapid expansion of the pipe area, and this vortex may cause airflow noise. In the static pressure chamber 9, the fluid velocity, which is the main factor of the air flow noise, is once greatly reduced, so that noise can be reduced.
[0034]
That is, in the static pressure chamber 9, even if a minute vortex is generated in the air flow, there is no main flow large enough to grow it, so that noise caused by the vortex can be reduced.
[0035]
In particular, in this embodiment, since the inner wall 9a of the static pressure chamber 9 is formed into a rough surface to form a sound absorbing structure, the disappearance of the vortex flow is promoted by the inner wall 9a, and the velocity component of the cooling air flow is efficiently converted to the pressure component. The cooling efficiency of the battery cell 2 in the downstream battery cell chamber 5 can be improved by conversion, and at the same time, the air flow noise itself can be absorbed by the inner wall 9a to greatly reduce the fan noise.
[0036]
The downstream side battery due to the use of centrifugal fan, cooling air substantially perpendicularly deflected as indicated by the arrow A 2 cooling air flow direction without causing pipeline resistance by centrifugal fan as the cooling fan 10 It can be directed to the cell chamber 5, and the fan efficiency of the cooling fan 10 can be increased.
[0037]
In addition, since a centrifugal fan is used as the cooling fan 10 and the outlet 10b does not face the communication port 11, the dynamic pressure of the cooling air blown from the cooling fan 10 is changed to the communication port 11 and the downstream battery cell. Since the influence on the chamber 5 can be avoided, it is possible to further increase the amount of cooling air and the air speed in the downstream battery cell chamber 5.
[0038]
FIG. 2 shows a second embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the upstream battery cell chamber 4 in the first embodiment is disposed at the center of the battery case 1, and both left and right sides thereof are arranged. The downstream battery cell chambers 5 and 5 are adjacent to each other in parallel.
[0039]
The downstream battery cell chamber 5 is set to have a pipe length shorter than that of the upstream battery cell chamber 4.
[0040]
Therefore, according to the structure of the second embodiment, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained, and the downstream battery cell chamber 5 can be divided into a plurality of cooling air flows of the downstream battery cells 5 and 5. By setting the total cross-sectional area in the direction perpendicular to the flow to be larger than the cross-sectional area in the same direction of the upstream battery cell chamber 4, the pipe width of the upstream battery cell chamber 4 can be narrowed, thereby 8, that is, the ratio of the large diameter portion W O and the small diameter portion W 1 of the contracted portion 8 can be reduced, and the contracted tube length L of the contracted portion 8 can be shortened. It is possible to increase the fan efficiency of the cooling fan 10 by reducing the pipe line resistance in the section 8.
[0041]
Further, the pipe length of the downstream battery cell chamber 5 is set to be shorter than the pipe length of the upstream battery cell chamber 4 so that the pressure loss of the cooling air in the downstream battery cell chamber 5 can be suppressed to be small. Therefore, it is possible to achieve a more uniform cooling performance of each battery cell 2 by suppressing the decrease in the cooling air volume and the wind speed in the downstream battery cell chamber 5.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view illustrating a second embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Battery case 2 ... Battery cell 3 ... Partition wall 4 ... Upstream battery cell chamber 5 ... Downstream battery cell chamber 6 ... Air intake 7 ... Air exhaust port 8 ... Constriction part 9 ... Static pressure chamber 9a ... Inner wall 10 ... Cooling fan 11 ... Communication port

Claims (6)

複数個のバッテリセルを収容するバッテリケース内を隔壁によって、最上流部に空気取入口を備えて複数個のバッテリセルを収容した上流側バッテリセル室と、最下流部に空気排出口を備えて複数個のバッテリセルを収容した下流側バッテリセル室と、に並列に隣接して隔成すると共に前記上流側バッテリセル室の最下流部に、空気取入口から流入した空気流を縮流する縮流部を設け、前記上流側バッテリセル室と下流側バッテリセル室との間には、前記縮流部に連設配置した冷却ファンを備えて、該冷却ファン後流の冷却風の速度成分を静圧に変換する容積の大きな静圧チャンバを設けると共に、該静圧チャンバと下流側バッテリセル室とを連通して静圧チャンバ内から下流側バッテリセル室に冷却風を供給する連通口を設けたことを特徴とする電気自動車のバッテリ冷却装置。A battery case that accommodates a plurality of battery cells is provided with a partition wall, an upstream battery cell chamber that accommodates a plurality of battery cells with an air intake port at the most upstream portion, and an air discharge port at the most downstream portion. A downstream battery cell chamber containing a plurality of battery cells is formed adjacent to and parallel to the downstream battery cell chamber, and the air flow flowing from the air intake port is contracted to the most downstream portion of the upstream battery cell chamber. A cooling fan is provided between the upstream battery cell chamber and the downstream battery cell chamber, the cooling fan being connected to the contracted flow section, and a speed component of cooling air downstream of the cooling fan is provided. A static pressure chamber having a large volume for converting into static pressure is provided, and a communication port is provided for communicating the static pressure chamber and the downstream battery cell chamber to supply cooling air from the static pressure chamber to the downstream battery cell chamber. Characterized by Electric vehicle battery cooling device for. 下流側バッテリセル室を上流側バッテリセル室よりも管路長を短かく設定したことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の電気自動車のバッテリ冷却装置。2. The battery cooling apparatus for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the downstream battery cell chamber is set to have a pipe length shorter than that of the upstream battery cell chamber. 下流側バッテリセル室を上流側バッテリセル室よりも冷却風の流れに対して垂直方向の断面積を大きく設定したことを特徴とする請求項１，２に記載の電気自動車のバッテリ冷却装置。The battery cooling apparatus for an electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the downstream battery cell chamber has a larger cross-sectional area in the direction perpendicular to the flow of cooling air than the upstream battery cell chamber. 静圧チャンバに配設した冷却ファンが、そのインレットとアウトレットとで冷却風の速度ベクトルを略直角に偏向する遠心ファンであることを特徴とする請求項１〜３の何れかに記載の電気自動車のバッテリ冷却装置。The electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cooling fan disposed in the static pressure chamber is a centrifugal fan that deflects a velocity vector of cooling air at a substantially right angle between an inlet and an outlet thereof. Battery cooling device. 静圧チャンバと下流側バッテリセル室とを連通する連通口を、冷却ファンのアウトレットと対向しない位置に設けたことを特徴とする請求項１〜４の何れかに記載の電気自動車のバッテリ冷却装置。The battery cooling device for an electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a communication port for communicating the static pressure chamber and the downstream battery cell chamber is provided at a position not facing the outlet of the cooling fan. . 静圧チャンバの内壁を吸音構造としたことを特徴とする請求項１〜５の何れかに記載の電気自動車のバッテリ冷却装置。6. The battery cooling apparatus for an electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein an inner wall of the static pressure chamber has a sound absorbing structure.
JP2001115566A 2001-04-13 2001-04-13 Battery cooling system for electric vehicles Expired - Fee Related JP3744376B2 (en)

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