JP3738656B2 - Oil fire extinguisher - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to an oil combustor provided with a fire extinguishing device that suppresses the generation of bad odor by extending the fire extinguishing time during normal fire extinguishing and instantaneously extinguishing fire during emergency fire extinguishing.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a core vertical type oil combustor, a core is attached to the gap of the core housing cylinder so as to be movable up and down, an air chamber is adjacent to the outside of the core housing cylinder, and the space between the core housing cylinder and the air chamber communicate with each other through a vent. There is something. In addition, the air chamber is provided with an air circulation hole that communicates the air chamber with the outside air, so that external air can flow into the air chamber, and if the core is lowered to a position lower than the vent for fire extinguishing The air in the air chamber flows into the gap between the core housing cylinders from the open vent, while the oil gas that evaporates from the core diffuses into the air chamber, and the oil gas is diluted to an incombustible state and rapidly extinguishes.
[0003]
In addition, when the oil gas is diluted to a non-combustible state, if the mixing ratio of oil gas and air reaches a predetermined value in the air chamber, explosion combustion occurs, and suddenly generated combustion gas blows off the flame at the tip of the core. Can be extinguished quickly.
[0004]
The rapid fire extinguishing structure is effective as a fire extinguishing device in an emergency such as an earthquake, but a large amount of unburned gas is emitted due to rapid extinguishing of fire, and a bad odor is generated. For this reason, there is one that aims to extinguish without bad smell by a method of lowering the temperature of the core housing cylinder while burning the unburned gas so as not to extinguish rapidly during normal fire extinguishing, and extending the fire extinguishing time.
[0005]
That is, in order for the core to move up and down in the core housing cylinder, the state where the soft core and the core housing cylinder are in contact with each other is maintained, and in this state, the core housing cylinder cannot be sealed by the core and the gap through which air can flow is maintained. Even if the lead is lowered to a position higher than the vent and the lead closes the vent, a small amount of air is drawn from the vent through the slight gap between the lead and the lead-receiving cylinder. Near the top of For this reason, when the amount of air from the air circulation hole through the air chamber to the vent is balanced with the oil gas that evaporates from the core during normal fire extinguishing, the fire extinguishes while continuing to burn with a small flame. Fire extinguishing with less occurrence of fire
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in order to extinguish rapidly in an emergency, it is necessary to make air uniformly flow into the core housing cylinder and to reduce the oil gas concentration in the core housing cylinder in a short time to make the tip of the core nonflammable. When the fire is used in small combustion with the core lowered, the core housing tube is likely to become hot.If the fire is extinguished in this state, the core housing tube is hot and the vaporization of kerosene is promoted. Since the amount of petroleum gas to be increased, the conventional inflow of air cannot be diluted to an incombustible state, and there is a risk that the fire can not be extinguished or the fire extinguishing time becomes long.
[0007]
For this reason, in order to ensure rapid fire extinguishing in an emergency, the opening area of the air circulation hole is widened so that the oil gas concentration in the core housing cylinder can be made non-combustible in a short time, and from the air vent through the air chamber A method of increasing the amount of air flowing into the core housing cylinder is conceivable. However, if the amount of air passing through the air circulation hole increases, air with a high flow velocity blows during combustion against the draft of the combustion section. This method cannot be carried out because the amount may be abnormally increased and the combustion state may be deteriorated.
[0008]
On the other hand, when the amount of oil gas that evaporates from the core increases, the oil gas that evaporates from the core tends to diffuse into the air chamber, increasing the probability of deflagration in the air chamber. It is better to have less air entering the air chamber, and it is possible to enhance the establishment of fire extinguishing by installing an on-off valve in the air circulation hole and closing the on-off valve during fire extinguishing.
[0009]
However, if the air circulation hole is closed by the open / close valve, the air flow from the air circulation hole to the air chamber is blocked and the air flow deteriorates. There was almost no air inflow from the mouth, and there was a case where the inside of the lead tube was short of air, and combustion could not be continued and the fire was extinguished immediately.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention attaches the core 4 to the gap between the core housing cylinder 3 formed by the core inner cylinder 1 and the core outer cylinder 2 so as to be movable up and down, and the outside of the core housing cylinder 3. The air chamber 5 provided adjacent to the air chamber 5 and a lead lifting device 6 accommodated in the air chamber 5 are provided. The lead 4 is moved up and down by the lead lifting device 6 and more urgent than the normal fire extinguishing position. The fire extinguishing core lowering position is set low, and the air chamber 5 is provided with an air flow hole 7 for communicating the air chamber 5 with the outside air, and is lower than the normal fire extinguishing core lowering position, and the emergency fire extinguishing core lowering position. In the oil combustor in which a vent hole 8 is provided at a position higher than the position so as to communicate the gap between the core housing cylinder 3 and the air chamber 5 and the vent hole 8 is opened by the core 4 lowered in the event of emergency fire extinguishing. A plurality of locations are arranged around the entire circumference of the core accommodating cylinder 3, and the core outer cylinder 2 has a core lowering for normal fire extinguishing. The air hole 9 communicating with the outside air is provided in the wall of the core housing cylinder 3 above the air chamber 5 at a position lower than the vent and higher than the vent hole 8, and the air hole 9 is provided between the vent holes 8. The ventilation holes 8 and the air holes 9 are alternately arranged.
[0011]
Further, since the vent 8 is formed by arranging a plurality of slit-like openings, and the air hole 9 is formed by arranging a plurality of small holes 9a in a portion where the vent 8 is not provided, the vent 8 and the air hole 9 are urgent. While maintaining the opening area required for fire extinguishing, the temperature of the core accommodating cylinder 3 can be kept low because the air passing through the air holes 9 increases during normal combustion.
[0012]
In addition, an on-off valve 10 that opens and closes the air circulation hole 7 in conjunction with the vertical movement of the core 4 is provided. The air circulation hole 7 is opened by the on-off valve 10 at the time of combustion, and is closed from the air circulation hole 7 at the time of fire extinguishing. Even if there is no air inflow, the air hole 9 can secure the amount of air necessary for normal fire extinguishing.
[0013]
[Action]
In the present invention, the air hole 9 communicating with the outside air is provided in the wall of the core housing cylinder 3 above the air chamber 5 at a position higher than the vent hole 8 so that air flows in on average from the entire circumference of the core housing cylinder 3. The air hole 9 is arranged in a portion where the vent hole 8 is not provided, and the core lowering position at the time of normal fire extinguishing is set at a position higher than the air hole 9 and is closed at the time of normal fire extinguishing. Moreover, the core lowering position at the time of emergency fire extinguishing is set to a position lower than the air vent 8 and the air hole 9 and is configured to open at the time of emergency fire extinguishing.
[0014]
During normal combustion, it is inevitable that air gradually flows from the vent 8 and the air hole 9 due to the draft of the combustion part, and this air amount flows from the air hole 9 closer to the upper end of the core 4 than the vent 8. The amount of air to be increased. For this reason, even if the temperature of the core housing cylinder 3 is likely to increase when the combustion amount is lowered, low temperature outside air can flow from the air holes 9 to keep the temperature of the core housing cylinder 3 low, and combustion The change in the temperature of the lead tube 3 could be almost eliminated by the change in the amount.
[0015]
Also, during normal fire extinguishing, the amount of petroleum gas that vaporizes when the core 4 descends into the core housing cylinder 3 is reduced, and is optimal for continuing combustion from the vent 8 and the air hole 9 by the draft remaining in the combustion section. Since a large amount of air is sucked in, the core housing cylinder 3 gradually decreases in temperature while burning the unburned gas, and the flame becomes smaller and then spontaneously extinguishes.
[0016]
On the other hand, when the fire extinguishes, the lead 4 rapidly descends so that the inside of the lead receiving cylinder 3 becomes negative pressure, and air flows from both the slit-like vent 8 and the air hole 9 opened by the lowered lead 4. Since the petroleum gas quickly diffuses into the air chamber 5 from the slit-shaped vent 8, the oil gas concentration in the core housing cylinder 3 is diluted to an incombustible state and can be extinguished almost simultaneously with the core lowering.
[0017]
In addition, since the air hole 9 is composed of a plurality of small holes 9a, when air having a low flow velocity passes through the small holes 9a, the total cross-sectional area of the small holes 9a is large, so that a constant amount of air flows in. If air with a high flow velocity is blown during combustion in an oil combustor, the air supplied from the air hole 9 is blocked by the small-diameter small hole 9a, so that the supplied air is blocked. The amount does not change greatly and a stable combustion state can be maintained.
[0018]
On the other hand, in the case where the on-off valve 10 is provided in the air circulation hole 7 and closed at the time of fire extinguishing to aim for certainty of fire extinguishing, from the air hole 9 close to the upper end of the core 4 by the rising air flow in the core housing cylinder 3 at the time of normal fire extinguishing Since air flows in, it can be extinguished while continuing combustion.
[0019]
【Example】
The present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment of a core up-down type oil combustor shown in the figure. 1 is a core inner cylinder, 2 is a core outer cylinder, and 3 is a core housing cylinder composed of a core inner cylinder 1 and a core outer cylinder 2. Reference numeral 4 denotes a core attached to the gap of the core housing cylinder 3 so as to be movable up and down, and 11 is an oil tank positioned below the core housing cylinder 3. The fuel in the oil tank 11 is sucked up by the lower end of the core 4. Supplied above the core 4.
[0020]
6 is a core lifting device for performing the core lifting operation, 5 is an air chamber in which the core lifting device 6 adjacent to the outside of the core outer cylinder 2 is housed, and 7 is an air chamber 5 provided on the outer wall of the air chamber 5 and the outside air. An air circulation hole 8 for communicating with the core housing cylinder 3 and the air chamber 5 is formed in a slit-shaped vent hole, and a plurality of the vent holes 8 are arranged on the entire circumference of the core housing cylinder 3. is there.
[0021]
A combustion cylinder 12 is mounted above the core housing cylinder 3. When the upper end of the core 4 protrudes above the core housing cylinder 3 by the core lifting device 6 and the core 4 is ignited by an ignition device such as an ignition heater, The fuel in the oil tank 11 sucked under the wick 4 starts burning at the upper end of the wick 4, and the generated combustion flame and combustion gas are burned in the combustion cylinder 12 and above.
[0022]
A slight gap is formed in the gap between the core 4 and the core housing cylinder 3 so that the core 4 moves up and down in the core housing cylinder 3, so that during combustion, the combustion cylinder 12 draws from the air circulation hole 7. Air flows into the air chamber 5, and the air that has flowed into the air chamber 5 flows into the core housing cylinder 3 from the vent hole 8 through a slight gap between the core 4 and the core housing cylinder 3. Supply to the top.
[0023]
By the way, in recent oil combustors, in the event of an emergency such as an earthquake, it is necessary to operate the anti-seismic fire extinguishing device to quickly extinguish the fire. Therefore, it is preferable to have a fire extinguishing device that does not generate bad odor during normal fire extinguishing, which does not require rapid fire extinguishing.
[0024]
For this reason, the emergency fire extinguishing core lowering position is set lower than the normal fire extinguishing core lowering position, and the vent 8 is set lower than the normal fire extinguishing core lowering position and higher than the emergency fire extinguishing core lowering position. Yes.
[0025]
During normal fire extinguishing, a combustion flame is drawn into the gap of the core accommodating cylinder 3 to reduce the amount of oil gas vaporized from the core 4, but a small amount of air flows even though the vent hole 8 is blocked by the core 4. Then, the air amount is balanced with the amount of petroleum gas vaporized from the wick 4, and the temperature of the wick accommodating cylinder 3 is lowered while burning the unburned gas. Is possible.
[0026]
On the other hand, when the fire extinguishes, the core 4 that has fallen rapidly has a negative pressure in the core housing cylinder 3, and the air in the air chamber 5 flows into the core housing cylinder 3 from the vent 8 that is open. Since the petroleum gas vaporized in the core housing cylinder 3 diffuses into the air chamber 5, the oil gas concentration in the core housing cylinder 3 is diluted to an incombustible state and extinguishes almost simultaneously with the core lowering.
[0027]
However, in the structure of the conventional core housing cylinder 3, when the oil combustor is used in small combustion, the temperature of the core housing cylinder 3 is increased, so that the vaporization of kerosene from the core 4 is promoted and the core 4 is lowered. Since the combustion continues in this state, the petroleum gas vaporized from the core 4 is difficult to be diluted, and the air is continuously supplied from the air chamber 5 into the core accommodating cylinder 3, so that there is a possibility that the fire cannot be extinguished.
[0028]
The present invention is intended to stabilize the combustion state during combustion and to improve the fire extinguishing performance during normal fire extinguishing. 9 is a wall of the core housing cylinder 3 above the air chamber 5 at a position higher than the vent hole 8. The air hole 9 is provided in a portion where the vent hole 8 is not provided, and the air hole 9 and the vent hole 8 are alternately arranged to enter the gap of the core housing cylinder 3. Air can flow in on average from the entire circumference.
[0029]
Therefore, during normal combustion, air gradually flows into the core housing cylinder 3 from the vent 8 and the air hole 9 by the draft of the combustion cylinder 12, but the draft of the combustion cylinder 11 affects the air hole 9. It is easy, and the amount of air flowing in is largely not changed by mainly flowing in air from the air holes 9, so that the combustion state is not deteriorated.
[0030]
Further, since the amount of air flowing in from the air hole 9 closer to the upper end of the core 4 than the vent hole 8 is increased, and low temperature outside air flows in from the air hole 9, the air hole is reduced even when the combustion amount is reduced. 9 can suppress the temperature rise of the core housing cylinder 3 by maintaining the temperature of the core housing cylinder 3 at a low temperature, and the amount of petroleum gas vaporized during combustion can also be suppressed.
[0031]
Since the air hole 9 is set at a position lower than the core lowering position at the time of normal fire extinguishing, when the core 4 is lowered into the core housing cylinder 3 at the time of normal fire extinguishing, air is emitted from the vent hole 8 and the air hole 9. The core housing cylinder 3 gradually decreases in temperature while flowing in and burning unburned gas. When the temperature of the core housing cylinder 3 decreases and the amount of vaporized gas decreases, the flame becomes smaller and the fire naturally extinguishes.
[0032]
On the other hand, when the core 4 is lowered during an emergency fire extinguishing, the vent 8 and the air hole 9 are opened, and air flows in from the entire circumference of the core housing cylinder 3, so that the oil gas concentration in the core housing cylinder 3 is incombustible. The fire extinguisher can be extinguished almost simultaneously with the lowering of the core, and stable rapid extinguishing performance can be obtained regardless of the combustion state.
[0033]
Further, if an air flow having a high flow velocity passes through the air holes 9 during combustion, the combustion state may be deteriorated, and it is necessary to add windproof means. In the embodiment of the present invention, 9a is a small hole constituting the air hole 9, and a plurality of the small holes 9a are formed side by side in the portion without the vent hole 8, so that the total cross-sectional area of the small holes 9a is required. It is comparable to the cross-sectional area of the air hole 9.
[0034]
For this reason, when air with a low flow velocity passes through the small hole 9a during combustion, the resistance is small and a constant amount of air can flow in, but the flow velocity is high as when the wind blows to the oil combustor. In air, since resistance is received by the small holes 9a, it is difficult to increase the amount of air in the core housing cylinder 3, so that the amount of supplied air does not change greatly, and a stable combustion state can be maintained.
[0035]
In the structure in which explosive combustion occurs in the air chamber 5 during an emergency fire extinguishing to quickly extinguish the fire, 10 is an on-off valve that opens and closes the air circulation hole 7 in conjunction with the vertical movement of the core 4. The flow hole 7 opens during combustion and closes during fire extinguishing.
[0036]
When the air circulation hole 7 is closed at the time of emergency fire extinguishing, the petroleum gas vaporized from the core 4 diffuses into the air chamber 5, and when the mixed gas of petroleum gas and air reaches a uniform predetermined value in the air chamber 5, the core 4. Explosive combustion is caused by the flame at the tip of the flame, and the flame at the tip of the core 4 is blown out by the suddenly generated combustion gas to quickly extinguish the fire.
[0037]
The above-mentioned fire extinguishing structure is not rapidly diluted to a mixing ratio that allows explosive combustion in the air chamber 5 because the amount of vaporized gas increases when the temperature of the core housing cylinder 3 during small combustion is high. Although there is a risk that the fire will not be extinguished, in the present invention, the temperature of the core housing cylinder 3 can be maintained at a low temperature by the air flowing in from the air holes 9, and even if the temperature of the core housing cylinder 3 increases, The fire extinguishing performance is stable because the oil gas concentration is diluted by the inflowing air and becomes a mixed gas capable of explosive combustion.
[0038]
Further, when the air circulation hole 7 is closed during normal fire extinguishing, the air inflow into the air chamber 5 is blocked, the air flow becomes worse, and the draft of the combustion cylinder 12 is weak. Although it is difficult for air to flow in, there is a risk that the inside of the core housing cylinder 3 will run out of air and immediately extinguish and release unburned gas. However, in this invention, the oil flowing from the air hole 9 is vaporized from the core 4 Since it balances with the amount of gas, it can extinguish while burning unburned gas.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the present invention, since the air hole 9 communicating with the outside air is provided in the wall of the core housing cylinder 3 above the air chamber 5, the amount of air flowing into the core housing cylinder 3 by the draft of the combustion cylinder 12 is the vent 8. The air holes 9 closer to the upper end of the core 4 are more than the number of the air holes 9, and low temperature outside air flows from the air holes 9 to suppress the temperature rise of the core housing cylinder 3, and the oil combustor is used for small combustion. Since the core housing cylinder 3 maintains a low temperature, the oil gas concentration in the core housing cylinder 3 can be reduced to an incombustible state in a short time during an emergency fire extinguishing, and can be extinguished almost simultaneously with the core lowering.
[0040]
Further, since the air holes 9 are provided in a portion without the vent hole 9 that is opened in a slit shape, and the vent holes 8 and the air holes 9 are alternately arranged, the air holes 9 are averaged from the entire circumference into the gap of the core housing cylinder 3. As a result, air flowed in, and a stable fire extinguishing performance could be realized while maintaining the opening area necessary for emergency fire extinguishing.
[0041]
Furthermore, if the air hole 9 directly opened in the core outer cylinder 2 is configured by arranging a plurality of small holes 9a, the flow rate of air passing through the small holes 9a during combustion becomes slow, and wind blows to the oil combustor. In this case, the air flow having a high flow velocity is resisted by the small holes 9 a and the air that is about to flow into the core housing cylinder 3 is blocked, and the total cross-sectional area of the small holes 9 a is equal to the cross-sectional area of the air holes 9. Therefore, even if the flow rate is low, a constant amount of air can flow in, and the amount of supplied air does not change greatly, so that a stable combustion state can be maintained, and a structure in which the air hole 9 is provided in the core housing cylinder 3 can be realized.
[0042]
On the other hand, in the case of emergency fire extinguishing by closing the air circulation hole 7 by the on-off valve 10 at the time of fire extinguishing, even if air does not flow in from the vent 8 at the time of normal fire extinguishing, Since air can be supplied to the fire, stable fire extinguishing performance was obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an oil combustor showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an essential part of an oil combustor showing an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Core inner cylinder 2 Core outer cylinder 3 Core accommodation cylinder 4 Core 5 Air chamber 6 Core raising / lowering device 7 Air flow hole 8 Vent 9 Air hole 9a Small hole 10 On-off valve

Claims (3)

A core 4 is attached to a gap between a core housing cylinder 3 constituted by the core inner cylinder 1 and the core outer cylinder 2 so as to be movable up and down.
And the air chamber 5 provided adjacent to the outside of the core housing cylinder 3 and the core lifting device 6 accommodated in the air chamber 5 are provided,
The wick 4 is moved up and down by the wick lifting device 6, and the emergency fire wick lowering position is set lower than the normal fire wick lowering position.
The air chamber 5 is provided with an air circulation hole 7 for communicating the air chamber 5 with the outside air, and the core housing cylinder 3 is located at a position lower than the normal fire extinguishing core lowering position and higher than the emergency fire extinguishing core lowering position. Provided with a vent 8 for communicating the gap between the air chamber 5 and the air chamber 5,
In an oil combustor in which a vent 8 is opened by a wick 4 lowered during an emergency fire extinguishing,
A plurality of the vent holes 8 are arranged on the entire circumference of the core accommodating cylinder 3, and the core outer cylinder 2 is located above the air chamber 5 at a position lower than the normal fire extinguishing core lowering position and higher than the vent hole 8. An air hole 9 communicating with the outside air is provided in the wall of the core housing cylinder 3, and the air hole 9 is provided between the vent holes 8, and the vent holes 8 and the air holes 9 are alternately arranged. Combustor fire extinguishing device. 2. The oil combustor according to claim 1, wherein the vent 8 is formed by arranging a plurality of slit-shaped openings, and the air hole 9 is formed by arranging a plurality of small holes 9 a in a portion where the vent 8 is not provided. Fire extinguishing equipment. 2. An on-off valve 10 for opening and closing the air circulation hole 7 in conjunction with the vertical movement of the core 4 is provided, and the air circulation hole 7 is opened by the on-off valve 10 at the time of combustion and closed at the time of fire extinguishing. Oil fire extinguishing device.

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