JP3780781B2

JP3780781B2 - Oil fire extinguisher

Info

Publication number: JP3780781B2
Application number: JP33022899A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 浩池田
Original assignee: 株式会社トヨトミ
Priority date: 1999-11-19
Filing date: 1999-11-19
Publication date: 2006-05-31
Anticipated expiration: 2019-11-19
Also published as: JP2001147016A

Description

【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
この発明は石油燃焼器を確実に消火する為の消火装置の構造に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
石油燃焼器の消火装置として、芯収容筒の間隙に芯を上下動自在に取付け、芯収容筒の外方に隣接して空気室を設け、石油燃焼器の使用中に空気室内に石油ガスを拡散させ、緊急消火時に芯を芯収容筒の間隙と空気室とを連通する通気口よりも下方に降下させると、空気流通孔から空気室に流入する空気と石油ガスとの混合ガスを作り、空気室内の石油ガスが芯の先端の炎によってこの混合ガスに引火して爆発的に燃焼し、発生した燃焼ガスによって芯の先端の炎を吹き消して急速消火する構造が知られている。
【０００３】
上記の急速消火構造は、地震等の非常時に自動消火装置を作動させる緊急消火装置として有効であるが、急速に消火させた為に多量の未燃ガスが放出されて悪臭を発生するものであった。この為、自動消火装置を作動させる必要のない通常消火時には急速消火しないように芯の降下位置を通気口よりも高い位置に設定して未燃ガスを燃焼させながら温度を下げていき、消火時間を長くする方法によって悪臭のない消火をねらったものがある。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで空気流通孔は急速消火の為にある程度の開口面積が必要であり、燃焼中に空気流通孔が開口したままで、石油燃焼器に吹き付ける風が直接空気流通孔に向かう時は、燃焼部のドラフトに対して空気室から燃焼部に流入する空気が異常に多くなって燃焼状態が悪化することがあった。
【０００５】
また、芯が芯収容筒内を上下動する為に、芯と芯収容筒とは密着できずに隙間が生じてしまうので、通常消火時に空気流通孔から空気室に流入する空気が芯と芯収容筒との隙間を通って芯の上端に流れるものであり、この空気量が多い時や小燃焼によって芯収容筒が高温となって芯からの灯油の気化量が多い時には、芯の上方で燃焼が促進されて消火時間が異常に長くなったり、消火不能となる恐れがあった。
【０００６】
この為の対策として空気流通孔を閉止するように取付けた開閉弁と、芯筒と一緒に回動して開閉弁を駆動するカム板とを設けたものがあり、燃焼中と通常消火位置ではカム板が開閉弁から離れて空気流通孔を閉止し、芯筒が急速消火の芯降下位置まで回動した時にカム板によって開閉弁が押し開かれ、空気流通孔を開口する構造となっている。
【０００７】
この構造によって空気流通孔は燃焼中に閉止されるので、燃焼中に風が吹き付けても安定した燃焼状態を保つことができる。また、通常消火時にも空気流通孔を閉止することによって空気室に空気が流入しないので、芯の先端に残る炎が徐々に小さくなって自然消火するものとなっている。
【０００８】
しかし、燃焼中に空気流通孔を閉止することによって空気流通孔から空気が流入する恐れがなくなったものの、小燃焼中のドラフトが弱い時には石油ガスが空気室にとどまりやすく、空気室へ空気が流入しない為に空気室内の石油ガスの濃度が濃くなりすぎることがあり、急速消火の為に空気流通孔を開閉弁によって開口しても、空気室内は爆発的に引火燃焼する為の混合比まで薄められない時があり、緊急消火が不利となることがあった。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明は上記の課題を解決する為に、芯内筒１と芯外筒２とで構成する芯収容筒３の間隙に芯４を上下動自在に取付け、該芯収容筒３の外方に隣接して空気室５を設け、この空気室５には、空気室５と外気とを連通する空気流通孔８と、空気室５と芯収容筒３の間隙内とを連通する通気口９を設け、該空気室５内には、芯上下装置６と、この芯上下装置６によって前記芯４の外方で回動する芯筒７とを設け、前記芯４は回動する芯筒７によって上下動すると共に、この上下する芯４の上端は、燃焼位置と通常消火位置では前記通気口９よりも高く位置し、更に芯下げした急速消火位置では前記通気口９よりも低く位置しており、前記芯４の上下動と連動して空気流通孔８を開閉する開閉弁１０を設けた石油燃焼器において、芯４の上下動と連動して可動する開閉弁１０は、前記空気流通孔８を芯４の燃焼位置と緊急消火位置で開口し、通常消火位置で閉止する構造としている。
【００１０】
また、前記空気流通孔８は複数個の小孔８ａで構成し、該小孔８ａは前記芯４の上下動と連動して可動する開閉弁１０が、複数個の小孔８ａを一緒に開閉できる位置に設けたから、空気流通孔８は急速消火に必要な開口面積を維持すると共に、燃焼中に空気流通孔８を開口しても小孔８ａによって空気流通孔８を通過する空気を規制できるものとなった。
【００１１】
また、前記空気流通孔８を構成する複数個の小孔８ａは上下に配置すると共に、前記開閉弁１０は芯筒７に取付けて空気室５の外壁の内側に密接しながら芯筒７と一緒に回動する遮閉板１０ａで構成し、通常消火位置に回動する遮閉板１０ａによって小孔８ａを閉止するので、簡単な構造で開閉弁１０を構成でき、空気流通孔８は確実に開閉できるものとなった。
【００１２】
【作用】
緊急時に石油燃焼器を急速消火させる為には、芯４を通気口９よりも低い位置に降下すると共に、開閉弁１０によって空気流通孔８を開口し、空気室５内に芯４の炎で引火できる濃度の混合ガスを短時間で作る必要がある。この発明では燃焼中に空気流通孔８を開口するように設定したから、燃焼中に空気室５内に拡散する石油ガスと空気流通孔８から流入する空気とによって混合ガスが作られており、緊急消火時に芯４が通気口９よりも低い位置に降下すると空気室５内に拡散する混合ガスが芯４の先端の炎ですぐに引火するから、芯４の降下とほぼ同時に急速消火できるものとなった。
【００１３】
また、通常消火時には臭気の発生を抑える為に芯４の降下位置を通気口９よりも高い位置に設定しているが、空気室５に空気が流入しないように開閉弁１０によって空気流通孔８を閉止するので、この空気流通孔８から芯４に空気が供給されることがなく、芯４からの灯油の気化が抑えられてゆっくりと自然消火するものである。
【００１４】
また、空気流通孔８を複数個の小孔８ａで形成することによって、小孔８ａの合計の断面積は大きいので、流速が遅い時には一定の空気量の流入は可能であり、石油燃焼器の燃焼中に空気流通孔８に向かって流速の速い風が吹き付けた時は、小孔８ａによって抵抗を受けて空気流通孔８から空気室５内へ流入しようとする空気が遮られ、供給される空気量は大きく変化しないから安定した燃焼状態を保つことができるものとなった。
【００１５】
更に、複数個の小孔８ａを上下に配置し、芯筒７と一緒に回動する遮閉板１０ａで小孔８ａを開閉することによって開閉弁１０を構成すれば、回動する遮閉板１０ａは複数個の小孔８ａを一緒に開閉できるので、通常消火と急速消火との間の芯筒７の回動範囲が狭い状態であっても遮閉板１０ａは確実に小孔８ａを開閉できるものとなった。
【００１６】
【実施例】
図に示す実施例によってこの発明を説明すると、１１は石油燃焼器の油タンク、１は油タンク１１から立設した芯内筒、２は油タンク１１の上面に取付けた芯外筒、３は芯内筒１と芯外筒２とで構成する芯収容筒、４は芯収容筒３の間隙に上下動自在に取付けた芯であり、該芯４の下部は油タンク１１の燃料に浸漬され、油タンク１１の燃料は芯４の下部で吸上げられて芯４の上方に供給される。
【００１７】
６は芯４を上下動する為の芯上下装置、１２は図示せざる芯上下つまみによって回動する芯上下軸、１３は芯上下軸１２の先端に設けたピニオンギア、７は芯４の外方に装置した芯筒、１４は芯筒７に取付けたラックギアであり、芯上下装置６は芯上下軸１２とピニオンギア１３とラックギア１４とによって構成している。１５は芯４から芯筒７にのぞませた駆動ピンで、芯上下軸１２を回動するとピニオンギア１３と噛合するラックギア１４が駆動し、ラックギア１４と一緒に回動する芯筒７は駆動ピン１５によって芯４を上下動する。
【００１８】
１６は芯収容筒３の上方に載架した燃焼筒であり、石油燃焼器を燃焼する為に芯上下装置６によって芯４を上動して芯４の上端を芯収容筒３の上方へ突出し、点火ヒータなどの点火装置によって点火すると、芯４の下方で吸上げられた燃料が芯４の上端で燃焼を開始し、発生する燃焼炎と燃焼ガスは燃焼筒１６とその上方で燃焼を終了する。
【００１９】
５は芯外筒２から連続して芯収容筒３の外方に形成した空気室であり、前記芯上下装置６は空気室５内に収納している。８は空気室５と外気とを連通する空気流通孔、９は芯収容筒３の間隙と空気室５とを連通する通気口であり、消火操作時に芯４の先端が通気口９よりも低い位置に降下する。
【００２０】
１０は空気流通孔８に設けた開閉弁であり、該開閉弁１０は芯４の上下動と連動して燃焼中に空気流通孔８を閉止し、消火操作時に空気流通孔８を開口する。この為、燃焼中は空気流通孔８から空気室５内への空気の流入を防ぐので、石油燃焼器に風が吹きつけても空気室５から燃焼部に空気が流入しないので、燃焼部の空気流量の増加がなく燃焼状態は安定する。この時、芯４から蒸発する石油ガスの一部は通気口９を通って空気室５内に拡散している。
【００２１】
一方、消火操作時には開閉弁１０によって空気流通孔８が開口するので、空気流通孔８から空気室５内に空気が流入して空気室５内の石油ガスと混合し、この混合ガスが燃焼可能な混合比まで薄められると、通気口９よりも低い位置に降下した芯４の先端の炎によって空気室５内の混合ガスに引火して空気室５内で爆発的に燃焼し、発生した燃焼ガスが通気口９から芯収容筒３の間隙へ入る時の風圧で芯４の先端の炎を吹き消して急速消火する。
【００２２】
ところで、最近の石油燃焼器は地震などの緊急時に自動消火装置を作動して急速消火させる必要があり、上記の消火構造はこの緊急時の消火方法として有効であるが、急速消火した時に芯４から多量の未燃ガスが放出されるので悪臭を発生する欠点があり、手動で行なう通常消火の時にも急速消火すると悪臭を発生するので、通常消火時には消火時間を長くして悪臭を発生させない消火装置が好まれる。
【００２３】
この為、通常消火時には空気室５内で爆発的に燃焼が起きないように芯４の降下位置を通気口９よりも高い位置に設定し、芯収容筒３の間隙内に引き込まれた芯４の先端の炎はすぐに消えずに未燃ガスを燃焼しながら徐々に炎が小さくなっていき、ゆっくりと消火する方法によって悪臭のない消火を行なっている。この時、開閉弁１０は空気流通孔８を閉止したままであり、空気室５から芯４の上方に空気が供給されないから、芯４からの灯油の気化が抑えられて消火時間が異常に長くなったり、消火不能となる恐れがない。
【００２４】
しかし、燃焼中に空気流通孔８を閉止する構造は、特に小燃焼時には芯収容筒３が高温となっており、燃焼部のドラフトが弱い為に芯収容筒３の間隙内で気化した石油ガスは芯４の上方に流れることができずに空気室５内に拡散して石油ガスの濃度が濃くなることがある。この為、急速消火の際に空気流通孔８が開口しても、高温となっている芯収容筒３によって引き続いて芯４から気化が行なわれ、空気流通孔８から流入する空気によって空気室５内の石油ガスが芯４の先端の炎で引火する混合比に薄められるまでに時間がかかるので、すぐに消火できない欠点があった。
【００２５】
この発明では急速消火時に空気流通孔８を開口する開閉弁１０が燃焼中にも空気流通孔８を開口する構成としたので、燃焼中に空気室５内に空気が流入して混合ガスを薄めている。この為、小燃焼時でも空気室５内の混合ガスが濃くならないので、緊急消火時に空気室５内の混合ガスは空気流通孔８からの少量の空気の流入ですぐに芯４の先端の炎で引火する混合比になり、芯４の降下とほぼ同時に急速消火が可能となった。
【００２６】
一方、燃焼中に空気流通孔８が開口していると石油燃焼器に風が吹き付けた時に空気流通孔８から流入する空気によって燃焼状態を悪化させる恐れがあり、防風手段を追加しなければならなくなる。この発明の実施例において８ａは空気流通孔８を形成する複数個の小孔であり、該小孔８ａの合計の断面積は必要とする空気流通孔８の断面積に匹敵している。この為、燃焼中に小孔８ａを通過する空気は流速が遅い時は抵抗が小さく、一定量の流速が得られるものの、石油燃焼器に風が吹き付けた時の流速の速い空気では、小孔８ａによって抵抗を受ける為に空気室５内の流量の増加ができにくいので、空気量はわずかに増加するだけで石油燃焼器は安定した燃焼状態を保つことができる。
【００２７】
具体的な実施例として、１０ａは空気室５内の芯筒７に取付けた遮閉板、１０ｂは該遮閉板１０ａと芯筒７との間に設けたバネ材であり、該遮閉板１０ａはバネ材１０ｂによって付勢されて空気室５の外壁の内側に密接し、芯筒７と一緒に回動する。該遮閉板１０ａは通常消火位置で小孔８ａに密接し、芯筒７が燃焼位置と緊急消火位置に回動した時に小孔８ａを外れるので、空気流通孔８を開閉する為の開閉弁１０を構成することができた。
【００２８】
一方、空気流通孔８を構成する複数個の小孔８ａは上下一列に配置すれば、遮閉板１０ａの駆動によって全ての小孔８ａが同時に開閉するので、芯筒７の回動範囲が狭い状態でも小孔８ａの幅だけ駆動すればよく、この時小孔８ａの直径は小さいので、遮閉板１０ａは通常消火から急速消火までの短い駆動距離の間でも確実に小孔８ａを開閉できるものとなった。
【００２９】
【発明の効果】
以上のようにこの発明では燃焼中に開閉弁１０が空気流通孔８を開口する構成としたので、燃焼中は常に空気流通孔８から空気室５内に空気が流入して小燃焼時にも混合ガスが濃くならない。この為、緊急消火時に空気流通孔８から流入する空気によってすぐに芯４の先端の炎で引火する混合状態となり、芯４の降下とほぼ同時に急速消火するので、燃焼状態に関係なく緊急時の安全性を向上することができた。
【００３０】
一方、通常消火時には悪臭の発生を抑える為に空気室５内の混合ガスが爆発的に燃焼しないように芯４は通気口９よりも高い位置まで降下するが、この時は開閉弁１０によって空気流通孔８を閉止する構成としたので、、空気流通孔８から空気が流入して芯４の上方に供給されることがなく、芯４から気化するガスの発生を抑えて確実に自然消火するから、安定した消火性能を実現できるものとなった。
【００３１】
また、空気流通孔８を複数個の小孔８ａで形成したので、燃焼中に小孔８ａを通過する空気の流速は遅くなり、石油燃焼器に風が吹き付けた時の流速の速い空気流は小孔８ａによって抵抗を受けて空気室５内へ流入しようとする空気が遮られ、小孔８ａの合計の断面積は空気流通孔８の断面積に匹敵するので流速が遅くとも一定の空気量の流入は可能となり、供給される空気量は変化しないから安定した燃焼状態を保つことができ、燃焼中に空気流通孔８を開口する構造が実現できたものである。
【００３２】
更に、複数個の小孔８ａを上下に配置し、芯筒７と一緒に回動する遮閉板１０ａで小孔８ａを開閉すれば、芯筒７の回動範囲が狭い状態でも全ての小孔８ａを一緒に開閉するので、遮閉板１０ａは燃焼時と急速消火時の間にある通常消火の芯降下位置であっても空気流通孔８を確実に開閉することができる。また、空気流通孔８には弁を設ける必要がなく、遮閉板１０ａが回動するだけの簡単な構造で開閉弁１０を構成できるものとなった。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の実施例を示す石油燃焼器の通常消火の状態を表す縦断面図である。
【図２】この発明の実施例を示す石油燃焼器の通常消火の状態を表す横断面図である。
【図３】この発明の実施例を示す石油燃焼器の緊急消火の状態を表す横断面図である。
【符号の説明】
１芯内筒
２芯外筒
３芯収容筒
４芯
５空気室
６芯上下装置
７芯筒
８空気流通孔
８ａ小孔
９通気口
１０開閉弁
１０ａ遮閉板[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a structure of a fire extinguishing apparatus for surely extinguishing a petroleum combustor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a fire extinguisher for an oil combustor, a core is attached to the gap of the core accommodating cylinder so as to be movable up and down, an air chamber is provided adjacent to the outside of the core accommodating cylinder, and oil gas is introduced into the air chamber during use of the oil combustor. When diffused and the core is lowered below the vent that communicates the gap between the core housing cylinder and the air chamber at the time of emergency fire extinguishing, a mixed gas of air and petroleum gas flowing into the air chamber from the air circulation hole is created, A structure is known in which petroleum gas in the air chamber ignites this mixed gas by the flame at the tip of the wick and burns explosively, and the flame at the tip of the wick blows off the flame at the tip of the wick and rapidly extinguishes.
[0003]
The above-mentioned rapid fire extinguishing structure is effective as an emergency fire extinguishing device that activates an automatic fire extinguishing device in an emergency such as an earthquake, but a large amount of unburned gas is emitted due to rapid fire extinguishing, and a bad odor is generated. It was. For this reason, in order to prevent quick extinguishing during normal fire extinguishing, when the automatic fire extinguisher is not required, set the lowering position of the wick higher than the vent and lower the temperature while burning unburned gas. There is a thing aiming at fire extinguishing without bad smell by the method of lengthening.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the air circulation hole needs a certain opening area for rapid fire extinguishing, and when the air flow hole is kept open during combustion and the wind blown to the oil combustor directly goes to the air circulation hole, In some cases, the amount of air flowing from the air chamber into the combustion section with respect to the draft is abnormally increased and the combustion state is deteriorated.
[0005]
In addition, since the core moves up and down in the core housing cylinder, the core and the core housing cylinder cannot be brought into close contact with each other, and a gap is generated. It flows to the upper end of the lead through a gap with the containing tube.When this air amount is large or when the lead containing tube becomes hot due to small combustion and the vaporization amount of kerosene from the lead is large, Combustion was promoted and there was a risk that the fire extinguishing time would become abnormally long or could not be extinguished.
[0006]
As a countermeasure for this, there is an open / close valve attached to close the air flow hole and a cam plate that rotates together with the core tube to drive the open / close valve. The cam plate is separated from the opening / closing valve to close the air circulation hole, and when the core tube is rotated to the core lowering position for quick fire extinguishing, the opening / closing valve is pushed open by the cam plate to open the air circulation hole. .
[0007]
With this structure, the air circulation hole is closed during combustion, so that a stable combustion state can be maintained even if wind blows during combustion. Moreover, since air does not flow into the air chamber by closing the air circulation hole even during normal fire extinguishing, the flame remaining at the tip of the core is gradually reduced to naturally extinguish the fire.
[0008]
However, by closing the air circulation hole during combustion, there is no risk of air flowing in from the air circulation hole. However, when the draft during small combustion is weak, oil gas tends to stay in the air chamber and air flows into the air chamber. The oil gas concentration in the air chamber may become too high, and even if the air circulation hole is opened by an on-off valve for rapid fire extinguishing, the air chamber is diluted to a mixture ratio for explosive ignition combustion. There were times when it was not possible, and fire extinguishing was at a disadvantage.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention attaches a core 4 to a gap between a core housing cylinder 3 constituted by a core inner cylinder 1 and a core outer cylinder 2 so as to be movable up and down. An air chamber 5 is provided adjacent to the air chamber 5, and an air flow hole 8 that communicates the air chamber 5 with the outside air and a vent hole 9 that communicates the air chamber 5 with the inside of the gap between the core housing cylinders 3 are provided in the air chamber 5. provided, within the air chamber 5, a core vertically device 6, by the core vertical device 6 provided a core tube 7 to rotate at the outside of the core 4, the core 4 by core tube 7 to rotate While moving up and down, the upper end of the vertically moving core 4 is positioned higher than the vent 9 in the combustion position and the normal fire extinguishing position, and is positioned lower than the vent 9 in the quick extinguishing position where the core is further lowered. in petroleum combustor in conjunction with vertical movement of the core 4 is provided an opening and closing valve 10 of the air circulation holes 8 open closed to, the vertical movement of the core 4 Off valve 10 for movement to move, the air flow hole 8 opens in the combustion position and emergency fire extinguishing position of the core 4, has a structure to close in the normal extinguishing position.
[0010]
Further, the air flow holes 8 is constituted by a plurality of small holes 8a, closing valve 10 the small hole 8a is that moves in conjunction with the vertical movement of the core 4, opening and closing a plurality of small holes 8a together Since the air circulation hole 8 is provided at a position where it can be formed, the air circulation hole 8 can maintain an opening area necessary for rapid fire extinguishing, and even if the air circulation hole 8 is opened during combustion, the air passing through the air circulation hole 8 can be regulated by the small hole 8a. It became a thing.
[0011]
The plurality of small holes 8a constituting the air flow hole 8 are arranged vertically, and the on-off valve 10 is attached to the core cylinder 7 and is in close contact with the inside of the outer wall of the air chamber 5, together with the core cylinder 7. Since the small hole 8a is closed by the shielding plate 10a that normally rotates to the fire extinguishing position, the on-off valve 10 can be configured with a simple structure, and the air circulation hole 8 is surely provided. opening and closing can become shall.
[0012]
[Action]
In order to quickly extinguish the oil combustor in an emergency, the core 4 is lowered to a position lower than the vent 9, the air circulation hole 8 is opened by the on-off valve 10, and the flame of the core 4 is put into the air chamber 5. It is necessary to make a gas mixture that can ignite in a short time. In the present invention, since the air circulation hole 8 is set to open during the combustion, the mixed gas is made by the petroleum gas diffusing into the air chamber 5 during the combustion and the air flowing from the air circulation hole 8. When the core 4 descends to a position lower than the vent 9 at the time of emergency fire extinguishing, the gas mixture that diffuses into the air chamber 5 is immediately ignited by the flame at the tip of the core 4, so that the fire can be extinguished rapidly almost simultaneously with the lowering of the core 4 It became.
[0013]
In order to suppress the generation of odor during normal fire extinguishing, the lowering position of the core 4 is set to a position higher than the vent 9, but the air circulation hole 8 is opened by the opening / closing valve 10 so that air does not flow into the air chamber 5. Since the air is closed, air is not supplied to the core 4 from the air circulation hole 8, and the vaporization of kerosene from the core 4 is suppressed, so that the natural fire is slowly extinguished.
[0014]
In addition, since the total cross-sectional area of the small holes 8a is large by forming the air circulation holes 8 with a plurality of small holes 8a, a constant amount of air can flow in when the flow rate is slow. When a wind having a high flow velocity is blown toward the air circulation hole 8 during combustion, the air that is resisted by the small hole 8a and flows into the air chamber 5 from the air circulation hole 8 is blocked and supplied. Since the amount of air does not change greatly, a stable combustion state can be maintained.
[0015]
Further, if the on-off valve 10 is configured by opening and closing the small hole 8a with the shielding plate 10a that is arranged with a plurality of small holes 8a and rotates together with the core cylinder 7, the shielding plate that rotates. Since 10a can open and close a plurality of small holes 8a together, the shielding plate 10a reliably opens and closes the small holes 8a even when the rotation range of the core cylinder 7 between the normal fire extinguishing and the rapid fire extinguishing is narrow. It became possible.
[0016]
【Example】
The present invention will be described with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings. Reference numeral 11 denotes an oil tank of an oil combustor, 1 denotes a core inner cylinder standing upright from the oil tank 11, 2 denotes a core outer cylinder attached to the upper surface of the oil tank 11, 3 A core housing cylinder 4 composed of the core inner cylinder 1 and the core outer cylinder 2 is a core that is attached to the gap of the core housing cylinder 3 so as to be movable up and down, and the lower portion of the core 4 is immersed in the fuel in the oil tank 11. The fuel in the oil tank 11 is sucked at the lower part of the core 4 and supplied above the core 4.
[0017]
6 is a core lifting device for moving the core 4 up and down, 12 is a core vertical shaft rotated by a core vertical knob (not shown), 13 is a pinion gear provided at the tip of the core vertical shaft 12, and 7 is an outer side of the core 4. A core cylinder 14 is a rack gear attached to the core cylinder 7, and the core lifting device 6 is constituted by a core vertical shaft 12, a pinion gear 13 and a rack gear 14. A drive pin 15 is inserted into the core cylinder 7 from the core 4. When the core vertical shaft 12 is rotated, the rack gear 14 that meshes with the pinion gear 13 is driven, and the core cylinder 7 that rotates together with the rack gear 14 is driven. The core 4 is moved up and down by the pin 15.
[0018]
Reference numeral 16 denotes a combustion cylinder mounted above the core housing cylinder 3, and in order to burn the oil combustor, the core 4 is moved up by the core lifting device 6 so that the upper end of the core 4 protrudes above the core housing cylinder 3. When ignited by an ignition device such as an ignition heater, the fuel sucked under the wick 4 starts to burn at the upper end of the wick 4, and the generated combustion flame and combustion gas terminates combustion in the combustion cylinder 16 and above. To do.
[0019]
Reference numeral 5 denotes an air chamber formed continuously from the core outer tube 2 to the outside of the core housing tube 3, and the core lifting device 6 is housed in the air chamber 5. 8 is an air flow hole that communicates the air chamber 5 and the outside air, 9 is a vent hole that communicates the gap between the core housing cylinder 3 and the air chamber 5, and the tip of the core 4 is lower than the vent hole 9 during a fire extinguishing operation. Descent to position.
[0020]
Reference numeral 10 denotes an on-off valve provided in the air circulation hole 8. The on-off valve 10 closes the air circulation hole 8 during combustion in conjunction with the vertical movement of the core 4, and opens the air circulation hole 8 during a fire extinguishing operation. For this reason, since air is prevented from flowing into the air chamber 5 from the air circulation hole 8 during combustion, air does not flow from the air chamber 5 into the combustion section even when wind is blown to the oil combustor. There is no increase in the air flow rate, and the combustion state is stable. At this time, a part of the petroleum gas evaporating from the core 4 is diffused into the air chamber 5 through the vent 9.
[0021]
On the other hand, since the air circulation hole 8 is opened by the on-off valve 10 during the fire extinguishing operation, air flows into the air chamber 5 from the air circulation hole 8 and mixes with the petroleum gas in the air chamber 5, and this mixed gas can be combusted. When the mixing ratio is reduced to a low level, the flame at the tip of the core 4 that has been lowered to a position lower than the vent 9 ignites the mixed gas in the air chamber 5 and explosively burns in the air chamber 5. The flame at the tip of the wick 4 is blown out by the wind pressure when the gas enters the gap between the wick accommodating cylinder 3 from the vent 9 to quickly extinguish the fire.
[0022]
By the way, in recent oil combustors, it is necessary to operate an automatic fire extinguishing device in an emergency such as an earthquake to quickly extinguish the fire, and the above-described fire extinguishing structure is effective as a fire extinguishing method in this emergency. Since a large amount of unburned gas is released from the fire, there is a drawback of generating bad odors, and even during normal fire extinguishing, manual fire extinguishing generates bad odors. Device is preferred.
[0023]
For this reason, in order to prevent explosive combustion in the air chamber 5 during normal fire extinguishing, the lowering position of the core 4 is set higher than the vent 9 and the core 4 drawn into the gap of the core housing cylinder 3 is set. The flame at the tip of the flame is gradually extinguished without burning, and the flame gradually becomes smaller while burning the unburned gas. At this time, the on-off valve 10 keeps the air circulation hole 8 closed, and no air is supplied from the air chamber 5 to the top of the core 4, so that the vaporization of kerosene from the core 4 is suppressed and the fire extinguishing time is abnormally long. There is no fear of becoming fire extinguisher.
[0024]
However, the structure in which the air circulation hole 8 is closed during combustion is the oil gas vaporized in the gap of the core housing cylinder 3 because the core housing cylinder 3 is at a high temperature especially during small combustion and the draft of the combustion section is weak. May not flow above the core 4 but may diffuse into the air chamber 5 to increase the concentration of petroleum gas. For this reason, even if the air circulation hole 8 is opened at the time of rapid fire extinguishing, vaporization is continuously performed from the core 4 by the core housing cylinder 3 which is at a high temperature, and the air chamber 5 is caused by the air flowing in from the air circulation hole 8. It took a long time for the oil gas inside to be diluted to the mixing ratio ignited by the flame at the tip of the core 4, so that there was a drawback that it could not be extinguished immediately.
[0025]
In the present invention, the on-off valve 10 that opens the air flow hole 8 during rapid fire extinguishing is configured to open the air flow hole 8 even during combustion, so that air flows into the air chamber 5 during combustion to dilute the mixed gas. ing. For this reason, since the mixed gas in the air chamber 5 does not become thick even at the time of small combustion, the mixed gas in the air chamber 5 immediately becomes a flame at the tip of the core 4 by the inflow of a small amount of air from the air circulation hole 8 at the time of emergency extinguishing. It became a mixture ratio that ignites, and rapid extinguishment became possible almost simultaneously with the lowering of the core 4.
[0026]
On the other hand, if the air circulation hole 8 is opened during combustion, the air flowing from the air circulation hole 8 may deteriorate the combustion state when wind is blown to the oil combustor, and wind protection means must be added. Disappear. In the embodiment of the present invention, 8a is a plurality of small holes forming the air circulation holes 8, and the total cross-sectional area of the small holes 8a is comparable to the cross-sectional area of the required air circulation holes 8. For this reason, the air passing through the small hole 8a during combustion has a small resistance when the flow rate is low, and a constant flow rate can be obtained. However, in the air having a high flow rate when the wind blows on the oil combustor, the small hole Since the flow rate in the air chamber 5 is difficult to increase because of the resistance by the 8a, the oil combustor can maintain a stable combustion state only by slightly increasing the amount of air.
[0027]
As a specific example, 10a is a shielding plate attached to the core cylinder 7 in the air chamber 5, and 10b is a spring material provided between the shielding plate 10a and the core cylinder 7, and the shielding plate 10a is urged by the spring material 10b, is in close contact with the inside of the outer wall of the air chamber 5, and rotates together with the core cylinder 7. The shut-off plate 10a is in close contact with the small hole 8a in the normal fire extinguishing position, and is disengaged from the small hole 8a when the core cylinder 7 is turned to the combustion position and the emergency fire extinguishing position. 10 could be configured.
[0028]
On the other hand, if the plurality of small holes 8a constituting the air circulation hole 8 are arranged in a vertical line, all the small holes 8a are opened and closed simultaneously by driving the shielding plate 10a, so that the rotation range of the core cylinder 7 is narrow. Even in this state, it is only necessary to drive the width of the small hole 8a. At this time, since the diameter of the small hole 8a is small, the shielding plate 10a can reliably open and close the small hole 8a even during a short driving distance from normal fire extinguishing to rapid fire extinguishing. It became a thing.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the on-off valve 10 is configured to open the air circulation hole 8 during combustion. Therefore, air always flows from the air circulation hole 8 into the air chamber 5 during combustion and is mixed even during small combustion. The gas does not become thick. For this reason, in an emergency fire extinguishing, the air flowing in from the air circulation hole 8 immediately becomes a mixed state in which the flame at the tip of the core 4 is ignited, and the fire is extinguished rapidly almost simultaneously with the lowering of the core 4. Safety could be improved.
[0030]
On the other hand, the core 4 is lowered to a position higher than the vent 9 so that the mixed gas in the air chamber 5 does not explosively burn in order to suppress the generation of malodor during normal fire extinguishing. Since the flow hole 8 is closed, air does not flow in from the air flow hole 8 and is not supplied to the upper side of the core 4, and the natural gas is surely extinguished while suppressing the generation of gas vaporized from the core 4. Therefore, stable fire extinguishing performance can be realized.
[0031]
Further, since the air circulation hole 8 is formed by a plurality of small holes 8a, the flow velocity of air passing through the small holes 8a during combustion is slow, and the air flow having a high flow velocity when the wind is blown to the oil combustor is The small holes 8a receive resistance and block air flowing into the air chamber 5, and the total cross-sectional area of the small holes 8a is comparable to the cross-sectional area of the air circulation holes 8. Inflow is possible, and since the amount of supplied air does not change, a stable combustion state can be maintained, and a structure in which the air circulation holes 8 are opened during combustion can be realized.
[0032]
Furthermore, if a plurality of small holes 8a are arranged at the top and bottom and the small holes 8a are opened and closed by a shielding plate 10a that rotates together with the core cylinder 7, all the small holes 8a can be opened even when the rotation range of the core cylinder 7 is narrow. Since the holes 8a are opened and closed together, the air blocking holes 10a can reliably open and close the air circulation holes 8 even at the normal fire extinguishing core lowering position between combustion and rapid extinguishing. Further, it is not necessary to provide a valve in the air circulation hole 8, and the opening / closing valve 10 can be configured with a simple structure in which the shielding plate 10a is rotated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a normal fire extinguishing state of an oil combustor showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a normal fire extinguishing state of an oil combustor showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an emergency fire extinguishing state of an oil combustor showing an embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Core inner cylinder 2 Core outer cylinder 3 Core accommodation cylinder 4 Core 5 Air chamber 6 Core raising / lowering device 7 Core cylinder 8 Air flow hole 8a Small hole 9 Vent 10 Open / close valve 10a Shut-off plate

Claims

A core 4 is attached to a gap between a core housing cylinder 3 constituted by the core inner cylinder 1 and the core outer cylinder 2 so as to be movable up and down.
An air chamber 5 is provided adjacent to the outside of the core housing cylinder 3,
The air chamber 5 is provided with an air circulation hole 8 that communicates the air chamber 5 with the outside air, and a vent hole 9 that communicates between the air chamber 5 and the gap between the core housing cylinder 3.
Within the air chamber 5, provided between the core upper and lower unit 6, and a core tube 7 to rotate at the outside of the core 4 by the core vertical device 6,
The core 4 is moved up and down by a rotating core cylinder 7, and
The upper end of the core 4 that moves up and down is positioned higher than the vent 9 in the combustion position and the normal fire extinguishing position, and is positioned lower than the vent 9 in the quick extinguishing position where the core is further lowered.
In oil burner provided with an opening and closing valve 10 for opening and closing the air flow holes 8 in conjunction with the vertical movement of the core 4,
Off valve 10 that moves in conjunction with the vertical movement of the core 4, the air flow hole 8 opens in the combustion position and emergency fire extinguishing position of the core 4, characterized in that closed in the normal extinguishing position of oil burner Fire extinguisher.

The air flow holes 8 is constituted by a plurality of small holes 8a, closing valve 10 the small hole 8a is that moves in conjunction with the vertical movement of the core 4, the position that can be opened and closed a plurality of small holes 8a together fire extinguisher oil burner according to claim 1, characterized in that provided in the.

The plurality of small holes 8a constituting the air circulation hole 8 are arranged vertically, and the on-off valve 10 is attached to the core cylinder 7 and rotates together with the core cylinder 7 while closely contacting the inside of the outer wall of the air chamber 5. The fire extinguishing device for an oil combustor according to claim 1 , wherein the small hole 8a is closed by the shielding plate 10a which is constituted by the moving shielding plate 10a and is rotated to the normal fire extinguishing position .