JP2003056811A - Safety structure of oil combustor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the safety structure of an oil combustor preventing abnormal heating in a frame body. SOLUTION: A wick 5 is installed in the gap of a wick-storing tube 4 comprising a wick inner tube 2 and a wick outer tube 3, and an air chamber 6 is provided adjacent to the outside of the wick-storing tube 4. A ventilating hole 7 and a vent 8 for forming mixed gas are provided in the air chamber 6. A thermal insulation plate 13 is installed to the outside of the wick-storing tube 4 between the air chamber 6 and a combustion part 12, and the outer end of the thermal insulation plate 13 is extended to the vicinity of the side wall of a frame body 1 to divide the inside of the frame body 1 into a lower space A and an upper space B. The heat of the combustion part 12 is blocked the thermal insulation plate 13 to permit combustion while maintaining the inside of the lower space A at a low temperature. Moreover, while the lower space A partitioned by the thermal insulation plate 13 communicates with outside air through an air vent port 1a, the upper space B communicates with outside air through an upper air vent port 1b. Moreover, it communicates with the combustion part 12 by a through hole 11a. The air flowing into the air chamber 6 is independent of the combustion air fed to the combustion part 12, and the mixed gas flowing out from the ventilating hole 7 is diffused into the air in the lower space A.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a safety structure for an oil combustor which prevents abnormal heating in a frame.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An oil combustor of a vertical core type is designed to allow air to flow into the lower part of a combustion section by allowing air to flow into the side wall of a frame to supply air necessary for combustion. A gap is formed, and combustion air is supplied to the combustion section from this gap.

Further, an air chamber is provided adjacent to the outside of the wick accommodating cylinder, and an air circulation hole is opened in the air chamber so that the oil gas and the air circulation hole diffused into the air chamber during combustion of the oil combustor. A mixed gas is created by the inflowing air, and when the wick is lowered to a position lower than the vent, the mixed gas that diffuses into the air chamber immediately ignites due to the flame at the tip of the wick and explosively burns, generating It is equipped with a structure that blows out the flame at the tip of the wick by the combustion gas that has been burned to rapidly extinguish the flame.

[0004]

The rapid fire extinguishing structure described above is effective as an emergency fire extinguisher for operating the automatic fire extinguisher in an emergency such as an earthquake. Since the chamber is directly heated and the temperature of the air chamber rises and the vapor pressure of the mixed gas in the air chamber rises, if the air circulation holes are opened during combustion, the mixed gas in the air chamber will become inside the frame. May flow into space.

At this time, since an ascending air current generated in the combustion section forms an air flow from the air holes toward the combustion section inside the frame, most of the mixed gas flowing out from the air flow holes is the air flow. It was taken into the combustion section together.

When the wind blows from above the oil combustor and the flame in the combustion section is directed downward, the flame may blow out from the gap in the lower part of the combustion section along the wick containing cylinder. The inner space of the frame and the air chamber are further heated by this, the vapor pressure of the mixed gas in the air chamber rises and the amount of the mixed gas flowing out from the air circulation hole increases, and the downward flame causes the mixed gas in the vicinity of the air circulation hole. Might ignite and a flame might adhere to the air circulation hole 7.

When gasoline is erroneously used for combustion, when gasoline vapor flows out from the air flow holes,
Gasoline with a low flash point could ignite in the internal space of the frame due to the heat of the combustion part, causing a serious fire accident.

As a countermeasure for this, there is a method in which a cylindrical cover is attached around the air circulation hole and the tip of the cover is extended to the vicinity of the side wall of the frame, and the mixed gas flowing out from the air circulation hole is inside the cover. Through the air holes of the frame body to the outside of the frame body. Further, when the air is blown to the combustor, the flame prevents the flame from directly reaching the air circulation hole, so that the mixed gas flowing out from the air circulation hole is prevented from catching fire.

However, in the above structure, since the air chamber and the cover are directly heated by the heat of the combustion portion, the amount of the mixed gas flowing out from the air circulation hole cannot be suppressed, and when the temperature of the air chamber becomes high, the air is blown. The amount of mixed gas flowing out from the flow holes increases.

When the amount of the mixed gas flowing out from the air flow hole becomes large, a part of the mixed gas flowing out from the opening of the cover is taken into the internal space of the frame by the air flow from the air hole 1a toward the combustion section. However, it is not preferable for safety, and it is a problem to suppress the temperature rise of the internal space of the frame and the air chamber.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention arranges a core accommodating cylinder 4 composed of a core inner cylinder 2 and a core outer cylinder 3 in a frame 1 and A core 5 is vertically movably mounted in the space of the housing cylinder 4, an air chamber 6 is provided adjacent to the outside of the core housing cylinder 4, and the air chamber 6 and the frame body 1 are provided.
An air flow hole 7 communicating with the inside is provided, a ventilation port 8 communicating with the gap of the wick housing cylinder 4 and the air chamber 6 is provided, and an inner flame tube 9 and an external flame are provided above the wick housing tube 4. An air hole for communicating the internal space of the frame 1 and the outside air is provided on the side wall of the frame 1 on which the combustion section 12 including the cylinder 10 and the outer cylinder 11 is placed and which is located outside the air chamber 6. 1a is provided, and the frame 1 is provided from the air hole 1a.
In an oil combustor in which air flows into the air chamber 6 and the combustion unit 12, a ring-shaped heat shield plate 13 is provided outside the wick housing cylinder 4 between the air chamber 6 and the combustion unit 12. The heat shield plate 13 is attached so that its outer end extends to the vicinity of the side wall of the frame body 1 and the lower space A between the frame body 1 and the air chamber 6, the frame body 1 and the combustion section 1 are attached.
2 and an upper air hole 1b that forms an upper space B between the upper space B and the outer space 11 and that opens in the side wall of the frame body 1 to communicate the upper space B with the outside air. A through hole 11a communicating with the space B is provided, and the air sent to the air chamber 6 and the air supplied to the combustion unit 12 are formed independently.

The air circulation hole 7 is composed of a plurality of small holes 7.
It is easy to uniformly diffuse in the frame 1 even if the mixed gas in the air chamber 6 flows out from the air circulation hole 7 by arranging a group of a and arranging it in plural places all around the air chamber 6. As a result, the mixed gas does not partially thicken, and the small holes 7
Since the total cross-sectional area of a is comparable to the cross-sectional area of the air circulation hole 7, the required amount of air can flow into the mixed gas in the air chamber 6.

[0013]

In the present invention, the heat shield plate 13 is arranged between the air chamber 6 and the combustion part 12 to prevent heat and flame of the combustion part 12 from being absorbed.
Since the lower space A and the air chamber 6 are prevented from being directly heated by being blocked by the above, the amount of the mixed gas flowing out from the air circulation hole 7 can be suppressed.

Air flowing into the upper space B from the upper air hole 1b of the frame 1 is supplied to the combustion section 12 from the through hole 11a, and the lower space A and the upper space B are separated by the heat shield plate 13. Therefore, in the lower space A, the combustion section 12
The lower space A is no longer affected by the rising airflow generated in
Since the air communicates with the outside air through the air holes 1a and the air flows in and out, even if the mixed gas flows out from the air circulation holes 7, it diffuses into the air and is diluted.

Although the temperature of the air in the lower space A rises due to the heat of the heat shield plate 13, the high temperature air diffuses to the outside from the air holes 1a, and the lower space A is maintained at a low temperature. It became able to burn.

If the air circulation hole 7 is composed of a group of a plurality of small holes 7a and is arranged at a plurality of locations around the air chamber 6, the mixed gas is dispersed by passing through the small holes 7a, Since the amount of the mixed gas passing through each small hole 7a is small, it can be uniformly diffused in the air in the lower space A.

[0017]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings. 1 is a frame of an oil combustor, 14 is an oil tank arranged below the frame 1, and 2 is a core standing from the oil tank 14. A cylinder 3, a core outer cylinder, a core accommodating cylinder 4 composed of an inner core cylinder 2 and a core outer cylinder 3, and a core 5 mounted in a gap between the core accommodating cylinders 4 so as to be vertically movable. The lower part is immersed in the fuel in the oil tank 14, and the fuel in the oil tank 14 is sucked up by the lower part of the wick 5 and supplied above the wick 5.

Reference numeral 12 is a combustion portion provided above the lead housing cylinder 4, and the upper end of the lead 5 is projected above the lead housing cylinder 4 for burning the petroleum combustor and is ignited by an ignition device such as an ignition heater. The fuel sucked up below the wick 5 starts to burn at the upper end of the wick 5, and the combustion flame and the combustion gas generated end burning at and above the combustion section 12.

Reference numeral 9 denotes an inner flame cylinder arranged above the core inner cylinder 2.
Reference numeral 10 is an outer flame cylinder arranged above the core outer cylinder 3, 11 is an outer cylinder provided outside the outer flame cylinder 10, and the inner flame cylinder 9 and the outer flame cylinder 1
The combustion unit 12 is constituted by 0 and the outer cylinder 11. Reference numeral 1a is an air hole provided on a side wall of the frame body 1. Air flows into the frame body 1 through the air hole 1a during combustion of the oil combustor, and is formed between the outer flame cylinder 10 and the outer cylinder 11. Combustion part 1
2 is supplied with air.

Reference numeral 6 denotes an air chamber formed continuously from the core outer cylinder 3 and outside the core accommodating cylinder 4. Reference numeral 7 denotes an air circulation hole for communicating the air chamber 6 with the internal space of the frame 1. Reference numeral 8 denotes a core accommodating hole. It is a ventilation port that communicates the gap between the cylinder 4 and the air chamber 6, and part of the petroleum gas evaporated from the wick 5 diffuses into the air chamber 6 through the ventilation port 8 and the air in the frame 1 A part of the gas flows into the air chamber 6 through the air circulation hole 7 to form a mixed gas in the air chamber 6.

When the tip of the wick 5 is lowered to a position lower than the vent hole 8 during the fire extinguishing operation, the flame at the tip of the wick 5 ignites the mixed gas in the air chamber 6 and explodes in the air chamber 6. And the generated combustion gas enters the gap of the wick housing cylinder 4 from the vent hole 8 to blow out the flame at the tip of the wick 5 to quickly extinguish the flame.

During the combustion of the oil combustor, the internal space of the frame 1 and the air chamber 6 are directly heated by the heat of the combustion section 12 to reach a high temperature, so that the vapor pressure of the mixed gas in the air chamber 6 is increased. However, since the air circulation hole 7 is open, the mixed gas may flow out.

At this time, an ascending air current due to combustion is generated inside the frame body 1 to form an air flow from the air hole 1a toward the combustion section 12, so that the mixed gas flowing out from the air circulation hole 7 Most were taken into the combustion section 12 along with the air flow.

Further, wind is blown on the oil combustor and the combustion section 1
When the flame in 2 is directed downward, the outer flame cylinder 10 and the outer cylinder 11
A flame may blow out from the gap between and along the wick housing cylinder 4, and the flame further heats the internal space of the frame 1 and the air chamber 6, thereby increasing the vapor pressure of the mixed gas in the air chamber 6. As a result, the amount of mixed gas flowing out from the air circulation hole 7 increases.

At this time, the mixed gas flowing out from the air circulation hole 7 may be ignited by the flame blown out along the wick housing cylinder 4 and the flame may adhere to the air circulation hole 7, and the flame causes the inside of the air chamber 6 to spill. The mixed gas of (3) is burned, which causes the generation of soot and abnormal combustion.

When gasoline is accidentally burned, the steam of gasoline flowing out from the air circulation hole 7 into the internal space of the frame 1 is heated by the heat of the combustion section 12, so that gasoline with a low ignition temperature is There was a risk of igniting immediately in the inner space of the frame 1 and causing a serious fire accident.

As a countermeasure for this, there is one having a structure for discharging the mixed gas flowing out from the air circulation hole 7 to the outside of the frame 1. In FIG. 2 showing a conventional example, reference numeral 15 is a cylindrical cover attached around the air circulation hole 7.
Is extended to the vicinity of the side wall of the frame body 1, and the mixed gas flowing out from the air circulation hole 7 passes through the inside of the cover 15 and is discharged to the outside of the frame body 1 from the air hole 1a.

However, in the above structure, since the air chamber 6 and the cover 15 are directly heated, the amount of the mixed gas flowing out from the air circulation hole 7 cannot be suppressed, and one of the mixed gas flowing out from the opening of the cover 15 cannot be suppressed. The part may be taken into the internal space of the frame body 1 by the air flow flowing from the air hole 1a to the combustion part 12, which is not sufficient as a measure when the wind is blown to the combustor or when gasoline is used. .

The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems.
Reference numeral 13 denotes a ring-shaped heat shield plate attached to the lead housing cylinder 4 between the air chamber 6 and the combustion section 12, and the heat shield plate 13 has its outer end extended to the vicinity of the side wall of the frame body 1. The internal space of the frame body 1 is divided into upper and lower parts by a heat shield plate 13, and a lower space A is formed by the gap between the frame body 1 and the air chamber 6, so that the frame body 1
The upper space B is formed by the gap between the combustion section 12 and the combustion section 12.

Therefore, the heat of the combustion section 12 is shielded by the heat shield plate 13 and the air in the lower space A and the air chamber 6 are not directly heated, so that the outflow of the mixed gas from the air circulation hole 7 can be suppressed. it can.

Reference numeral 1b is an upper air hole provided in the side wall of the frame 1 above the heat shield plate 13, and 11a is a through hole provided in the lower end of the outer cylinder 11. Flows into the upper space B from the upper air hole 1b and is supplied to the combustion unit 12 through the through hole 11a.

On the other hand, the lower space A partitioned by the heat shield plate 13
This air is sent into the air chamber 6 from the air circulation hole 7 independently of the air supplied to the combustion unit 12, and forms a mixed gas in the air chamber 6.

Therefore, the lower space A partitioned by the heat shield plate 13 is not affected by the ascending airflow due to combustion, and the lower space A communicating with the outside air through the air holes 1a.
Since the air flows in and out, even if the mixed gas flows into the lower space A, it diffuses into the air and is thinned, so that the mixed gas is not taken into the combustion section 12.

Further, the wind is blown to the oil combustor and the combustion section 1
When the flame No. 2 is directed downward, the outer flame cylinder 10 and the outer cylinder 11
Since the flame blown out from the gap between and does not reach the lower space A by being blocked by the heat shield plate 13, the lower space A and the air chamber 6 are not further heated, and the mixed gas in the air chamber 6 flows through the air. It is possible to suppress the outflow from the hole 7 to the lower space A,
There is no fear of catching fire near the air circulation hole 7.

Further, the heat of the heat shield plate 13 is radiated to the lower space A having a low temperature to prevent the temperature of the heat shield plate 13 from rising, and the heat is radiated from the heat shield plate 13 to raise the temperature. Since the air and the mixed gas diffuse to the outside through the air holes 1a, the temperature of the air in the lower space A does not rise, and the lower space A can be burned while maintaining the low temperature.

Therefore, even if the gasoline is accidentally burned by using gasoline, the vapor of the gasoline flowing out from the air circulation hole 7 diffuses into the air in the lower space A maintained at a low temperature and is diluted. There is almost no danger of catching fire in the lower space A, and the safety can be improved.

On the other hand, the air circulation hole 7 needs to have a certain opening area for rapid fire extinguishing, and in the structure in which the air circulation hole 7 having a large opening is provided at only one place, the mixed gas flowing out from the air circulation hole 7 When the amount becomes large, the concentration of the mixed gas in the lower space A may be partially increased. Therefore, it is necessary to surely diffuse the mixed gas.

In the embodiment of the present invention, 7a is a plurality of small holes forming the air circulation hole 7, and the total cross-sectional area of the small holes 7a is equal to the required cross-sectional area of the air circulation hole 7. Therefore, the amount of air passing through each small hole 7a is small, but a constant amount of air can be flowed in, and a mixed gas required for rapid fire extinction can be formed in the air chamber 6. it can.

In addition, the mixed gas in the air chamber 6 has a lower space A.
When flowing out, the mixed gas is dispersed by the small holes 7a and easily diffuses into the air in the lower space A, so that the mixed gas concentration does not become partially thick.

Further, if a plurality of air circulation holes 7 are arranged around the entire circumference of the air chamber 6, the mixed gas discharged from the air circulation holes 7 will be uniformly diffused throughout the air in the lower space A. The gas mixture was surely diluted in time.

[0041]

As described above, according to the present invention, the heat shield plate 13 is used.
By partitioning the inside of the frame 1 into the lower space A and the upper space B by the heat, the heat of the combustion section 12 is blocked by the heat shield plate 13, and the air in the lower space A of the frame 1 becomes the heat of the combustion section 12. Is not directly heated in the lower space A and the air chamber 6
Since the temperature rise is suppressed, the amount of mixed gas flowing out from the air circulation hole 7 can be suppressed.

Since the air flow toward the combustion section 12 and the air flow toward the air chamber 6 are formed independently, the heat shield plate 1
The lower space A partitioned by 3 is not affected by the ascending airflow of the combustion section 12, and the lower space A has the air holes 1a.
Since air flows in and out by communicating with the outside air at
Even if the mixed gas flows out from the above, the mixed gas is diffused into the air outside the lower space A and the frame body 1 and thinned, so that the mixed gas is not taken into the combustion section 12.

Further, the heat of the heat shield plate 13 is radiated to the lower space A having a low temperature, but the air and the mixed gas in the lower space A whose temperature rises due to the heat radiation from the heat shield plate 13 are discharged from the air holes 1a to the outside. Since the heat of the heat shield plate 13 is dissipated into the lower space A and the core housing cylinder 4 and the air chamber 6 are not strongly heated, the lower space A can be burned while being kept at a low temperature. It was

Further, even if the wind blows during combustion and the flame blows downward, it is not blocked by the heat shield plate 13 and does not directly heat the lower space A and the air chamber 6. The outflow of gas can be suppressed, and the air can be burned without adhering to the flames in the air circulation holes 7.
It became possible to realize a structure that opens.

Even if gasoline is accidentally burned, the gasoline flowing out from the air circulation hole 7 does not have a risk of ignition due to diffusion into the air in the lower space A maintained at a low temperature. It was able to improve.

Furthermore, since a plurality of air circulation holes 7 are arranged around the entire circumference of the air chamber 6 and the air circulation holes 7 are formed by a plurality of small holes 7a, the mixed gas is dispersed by passing through the small holes 7a. As a result, the mixed gas in the lower space A easily diffuses uniformly into the air, so that the mixed gas in the lower space A is not partially thickened and can be diluted in a short time.

Further, since the amount of mixed gas passing through the individual small holes 7a can be reduced, even if the temperature of the air chamber 6 becomes high, there is almost no risk of flames adhering to the small holes 7a, and a stable combustion state is maintained. It became possible.

Further, since the total cross-sectional area of the small holes 7a is comparable to the cross-sectional area of the air circulation hole 7, it is possible to inflow a constant amount of air, and the mixed gas necessary for rapid extinction is formed in the air chamber 6. Is what you can do.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an oil combustor showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of an oil combustor showing a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 frame 1a Air hole 1b Upper air hole 2 core inner cylinder 3-core outer cylinder 4-core container 5 cores 6 air chamber 7 Air circulation holes 7a small hole 8 vents 9 Inner flame tube 10 external flame tube 11 outer cylinder 11a through hole 12 Combustion section 13 Heat shield

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A core accommodating cylinder 4 composed of an inner core cylinder 2 and an outer core cylinder 3 is arranged in a frame body 1, and a core 5 is vertically movably mounted in a gap of the core accommodating cylinder 4. Further, an air chamber 6 is provided adjacent to the outside of the wick housing cylinder 4, and the air chamber 6 and the frame body 1 are provided.
An air flow hole 7 communicating with the inside is provided, a ventilation port 8 communicating with the gap of the wick housing cylinder 4 and the air chamber 6 is provided, and an inner flame tube 9 and an external flame are provided above the wick housing tube 4. An air hole for communicating the internal space of the frame 1 and the outside air is provided on the side wall of the frame 1 on which the combustion section 12 including the cylinder 10 and the outer cylinder 11 is placed and which is located outside the air chamber 6. 1a is provided, and the frame 1 is provided from the air hole 1a.
In an oil combustor in which air flows into the air chamber 6 and the combustion unit 12, a ring-shaped heat shield plate 13 is provided outside the wick housing cylinder 4 between the air chamber 6 and the combustion unit 12. The heat shield plate 13 is attached so that its outer end extends to the vicinity of the side wall of the frame body 1 and the lower space A between the frame body 1 and the air chamber 6, the frame body 1 and the combustion section 1 are attached.
2 and an upper air hole 1b that forms an upper space B between the upper space B and the outer space 11 and that opens to the side wall of the frame body 1 to communicate the upper space B with the outside air. A safety structure for an oil combustor characterized in that a through hole 11a communicating with the space B is provided and the air sent to the air chamber 6 and the air supplied to the combustion section 12 are formed independently. 2. The petroleum combustor according to claim 1, wherein the air circulation hole 7 is composed of a group of a plurality of small holes 7a, and is arranged at a plurality of places around the entire circumference of the air chamber 6. Safety structure.