JP3730678B2 - Design support device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a design support apparatus for designing a building, and in particular, when a design or design confirmation is performed for each level such as a base portion, each floor portion, each floor wall portion, a roof portion, etc. The present invention relates to a design support apparatus that can easily prevent inconsistencies in relations.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, it is necessary for the house to have sufficient strength in terms of structure. Consistency between the arrangement of the foundation and the arrangement of pillars and structural walls on the first floor, and the arrangement of pillars and structural walls on the first floor and pillars on the second floor It is necessary to ensure consistency with the arrangement of the structural walls and the arrangement of the pillars and structural walls on the top floor and the structure of the roof.
[0003]
Conventionally, when a house is designed by a design support device, a so-called CAD (computer aided design) system, strength calculation is performed or structural consistency is taken by the logic in the program of the CAD system. Therefore, the CAD system assists the design to prevent structural problems from occurring.
And the drawing regarding the house designed using the CAD system was output by the printer and the display.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, the drawings output from the CAD system are so-called design drawings, perspective views of external appearance and introspection, etc., for example, the plan view output as the design drawing is the drawing of the basic part, the first floor part The drawings for each level of the house, such as the drawings for the second floor, the drawings for the second floor, and the drawings for the roof.
[0005]
Looking at these plan views, if the designer wants to confirm the conformity of the hierarchical relationship in the structure of each hierarchy, at least two plan views, an upper plan view and a lower plan view, should be used. Although it is necessary to compare them, it is difficult to determine whether or not the arrangement positions of the structural elements are exactly matched even if the two plan views are arranged side by side.
[0006]
Also, the above plan view can be output to a semi-transparent or transparent sheet such as tracing paper, and the top and bottom two level plan views can be superimposed, or the top and bottom level plan views can be superimposed on the display screen. In this way, it is possible to confirm whether or not the arrangement position of each structural element is consistent in the upper and lower layers relatively accurately. However, when two or more drawings are overlapped, many lines are complicated. It becomes difficult to check each line.
[0007]
These problems occur not only at the stage of confirmation after design of a house by CAD, but also when the operator confirms the structural top-and-bottom relationship at any time when designing using CAD by an operator's operation. .
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is easy to determine whether or not the hierarchy is consistent with the lower layer or the upper layer of the hierarchy by the plan view of one hierarchy of the output house. It is an object of the present invention to provide a design support apparatus that can be confirmed in a simple manner.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The design support apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention comprises a design data storage means for storing design data of each level of a building such as a base portion, each floor portion, each floor wall portion, a roof portion, etc., and each level. Based on the design data stored in the design data storage means, the hierarchical relationship storage means storing the design data items of the lower and upper layers necessary for designing, and one hierarchy to be designed Plane The design data storage means is searched based on the first display means to be displayed as a figure and the design data items of the upper layer or lower layer of the one hierarchy to be designed stored in the relationship storage means, and the design Corresponds to the data item Upper layer or lower layer design data Only The Plane As a means for solving the above-mentioned problems, the image display apparatus includes second display means that overlaps the drawing displayed by the first display means.
[0010]
In the design support apparatus according to claim 2 of the present invention, the second display means displays the data corresponding to the item of the design data as a mark as means for solving the above problem.
[0011]
[Action]
According to the configuration of claim 1, displayed by the first display means. Plane In the figure, design data of an upper layer or a lower layer structurally related to the building hierarchy shown in the drawing is displayed redundantly by the second display means.
[0012]
Therefore, if the position of the bearing wall of the first floor portion is registered as an item in the up-and-down relationship storage means, for example, as a design data item related to the second floor portion, the plan view of the second floor portion is displayed by the first display means. When displaying, the position of the bearing wall of the first floor portion is determined from the design data storage means based on the item (position of the bearing wall of the first floor portion) stored in the upper and lower relevance storage means. Is displayed, and it is possible to easily design and confirm the part that needs to correspond to the position of the load-bearing wall of the first floor part of the second floor part.
[0013]
Since only the design data corresponding to the items stored in the hierarchical relationship storage means is displayed in duplicate with the plan view displayed by the first display means, the plan view of the hierarchy to be designed and its As in the case where the upper or lower plan view is overlaid, all the lines of the plan views are not displayed in an overlapping manner, and it is possible to prevent the drawing from being difficult to see.
[0014]
Further, according to the configuration of the second aspect, since the second display means displays the data corresponding to the design data item as a mark, it is possible to make the drawing easier to see.
[0015]
【Example】
An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
The design support apparatus of this embodiment is used for designing a house in which a floor, a wall, a roof, and the like are constructed from panels.
The panel is formed by assembling wooden cores into a rectangular frame to form a frame, and a face material is pasted on at least one surface of the frame.
[0016]
The design support device includes a design input function for inputting a floor plan of a house, arrangement of various joinery and various finishing members, a roof shape, etc. (design of a house), and a floor and a wall input in the design. In addition to arranging the panel on the roof, etc., the structure determination function for checking the necessary strength of the house, and the design input and structure determination as well as arranging other members to be the housing and the members and the members accompanying the panel. And an integrating function for obtaining an estimate of the house to be designed based on the members assigned in.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 1, the design support apparatus of this embodiment has a system configuration as a so-called general computer system, and includes a CPU (central processing unit), a RAM (random access memory), not shown, Arithmetic processing device (computer main body) 1 composed of ROM (read only memory), storage device 2 composed of hard disk drive, input device 3 composed of pointing device such as keyboard, mouse, tablet, digitizer, CRT The display device 4 includes a display device 4 such as a display, and the hard copy output device 5 includes a printer, a plotter, and the like.
[0018]
The storage device 2 stores various programs used in the design support apparatus and various data used in the programs.
The various programs are for a CAD system, and are for designing a house on a design support apparatus.
The various data is data of various members assigned to the house when the house is designed on the design support device. For example, various data such as various member shapes and prices are stored. .
[0019]
Further, the storage device 2 stores design data generated as a design data file by design operations performed at each stage of the design, structure, integration, and the like. The storage device 2 stores these design data not only as numerical values but also as drawings.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, the storage device 2 includes a house as a basic part, a floor part for each floor, a wall part for each floor, a ceiling part, a roof beam part of a roof (a beam supporting the roof panel), and a roof roof panel. It is divided into layers such as portions, and items of design data on the upper layer or lower layer related to each layer are stored in the hierarchical relationship data file as hierarchical relationship data.
[0020]
For example, as the vertical relationship data, the position of the floor material of the first floor relative to the foundation part (the frame part constituting the panel), the position of the foundation relative to the floor part of the first floor, the second floor or more Bearing wall of the floor below the floor part (note that this bearing wall supports both the vertical load and the horizontal force as well as the supporting wall that supports only the vertical load) ), The position of the foundation with respect to the first floor wall part, the position of the bearing wall of the lower floor with respect to the wall part above the second floor, the roof with respect to the roof beam part of the roof Load bearing wall line on which the load bearing walls on the lower floor (basically the top floor) are placed (line indicating the outer periphery of the house and the boundary of the room, and the necessary amount of load bearing walls are placed on this load bearing line ) Opening position of the upper window, door, etc., position of the shed beam with respect to the roof panel part of the roof, on the outer peripheral wall under the roof Junction kick panel, the opening position of the outer periphery of the bottom of the roof are stored as items of the design data associated with each.
[0021]
Here, the relationship between each housing part and each design data item in the above-described vertical relationship data will be described.
As described above, in this design support device, a house is designed by a panel method using a panel formed in a box shape from a frame body and a face material. When joining with other members, in order to obtain joint strength, it is necessary to join using the core part arranged in the frame or other part in the box-shaped panel, and each part of the house Even in the joining, it is necessary to specify the positions of the frame and the core in the panel.
[0022]
And in arrangement | positioning of foundations, such as a cloth foundation in a foundation part of a house, and an independent foundation (bundle foundation), it is necessary to respond | correspond to allocation of the floor panel arrange | positioned on the foundation. In other words, the floor panel frame is placed on the foundation so that the floor panel is supported by the foundation, so check whether the foundation is properly allocated. In addition, it is necessary to compare the correspondence between the position of the base material constituting the frame of the floor panel and the position of the foundation.
In addition, it is necessary that a foundation is also present under the load-bearing wall on the first floor, and the position of the load-bearing wall on the first floor may be added as vertical relationship data corresponding to the foundation portion.
[0023]
In addition, in the floor panel allocation on the floor portion of the first floor, each floor panel needs to be supported by the foundation, and therefore the position of the foundation is a corresponding item in order to confirm the floor panel allocation.
In addition, for floor panel allocation on floors of two or more floors, each floor panel must be supported by a load-bearing wall (including the support wall). Is the corresponding item.
[0024]
In addition, when allocating wall panels in the first-floor wall part, it is necessary that the wall panel that becomes the bearing wall and the foundation be joined together by the required amount of anchor bolts. Is the corresponding item.
In addition, when allocating wall panels in the second-floor wall part, it is necessary that the wall panel to be the load-bearing wall and the load-bearing wall on the lower floor are joined together with the required amount of body difference bolts, and the position of the body difference bolts is confirmed. Above, the position of the bearing wall on the lower floor is the corresponding item.
[0025]
In addition, for the allocation of the roof beams in the roof portion, in this embodiment, when the roof beams are arranged on the openings of the windows and doors of the wall, a reinforcing plywood for reinforcement is used as a joint between the roof beams and the wall. It is necessary to arrange, and the position of the opening on the bearing wall line is necessary to confirm the allocation position of the reinforcing plywood.
[0026]
In addition, in order to assign the roof panels in the roof portion, it is necessary to arrange the roof beams at the joint portion between the roof panels, and the position of the roof beams is required for confirming the allocation of the roof panels.
Furthermore, as described above, the position of the core member of the wall panel is necessary for the allocation of the joining member that joins the roof made of the roof panel and the outer peripheral wall, and in order to confirm the location of the joining member, As the position where the core material is arranged, the position of the joint portion and the opening portion between the wall panels is required.
[0027]
In addition, in the allocation of the ceiling panel in the ceiling portion, in order to attach the ceiling suspension beam that supports the ceiling panel, the allocation position of the floor panel on the upper floor to which the ceiling suspension beam is attached is necessary. That is, the allocation position of the floor panel on the upper floor is necessary to confirm the allocation position of the ceiling suspension beam and the ceiling plate.
[0028]
Note that the above-described hierarchical relationship data is an example, and in each level of each house, all items of the structural relationship with the upper and lower levels of the level may be registered in the vertical relationship data file. A part of the data may be registered in the vertical relationship data file.
In addition, for each part of each hierarchy, the related items with the upper and lower hierarchies necessary for the part are individually registered, and when designing or confirming each part of each hierarchy, design data related to the part is used as a drawing. It may be displayed.
[0029]
In addition, the arithmetic processing unit 1 is based on the design data (including drawing data) stored in the design data file 2a of the storage device 2, and the basic portion, each floor portion, each floor wall portion, the ceiling portion, and the roof It has a function of outputting the shed beam portion, the roof panel portion of the roof, etc. mainly to the display device 4 and the output device 5 as a plan view (in some cases, a side view).
Further, when the arithmetic processing unit 1 outputs the drawings of the respective parts, the arithmetic processing device 1 refers to the design data items corresponding to the respective parts of the upper and lower relevance data file 2b of the storage device 2 and designs based on the items. It has a function of searching the data file 2a and displaying the obtained data as a drawing or mark so as to overlap the drawing of each part.
[0030]
Next, a housing design method by the design support apparatus having the above-described configuration will be described.
First, when inputting the floor plan of the house, the arrangement of various fittings and various finishing members, the shape of the roof, etc. (design of the house) by the design function, it can be input with a pointing device on the screen of the display device 2. At the same time, the input data is displayed on the screen of the display device 2 as a drawing.
[0031]
Also, in the panel method, the strength of the house is not maintained by pillars or beams, but mainly the wall panel, floor panel, and roof panel maintain the strength of the house. Is within a predetermined range, it is possible to obtain a structure having a necessary and sufficient strength for the house, and the design input function allows the house layout, various fittings, and various finishing members. When the layout, roof shape, etc. are input, the above-mentioned wall panel, floor panel, roof panel, and other members are automatically assigned and the strength is confirmed based on the design input by the CAD system. To do.
[0032]
In other words, the logic for allocating the wall panel, floor panel, roof panel, and other members is stored as the program, and it has necessary and sufficient strength based on the design data input by the design input function. Various members are automatically assigned.
[0033]
Then, in the CAD system, the drawing of each part is displayed on the display device 2 in a state where the house is divided into the basic part of the house, the floor part of each floor, the wall part, the ceiling part, and the roof part of each floor. The screen is displayed on the screen, and the designer looks at the screen of the display device 2 to confirm the assignment of various members performed on the CAD system.
[0034]
At this time, based on the design data stored in the storage device 2, the arithmetic processing device 1 is a plan view of a basic portion of a house, a side view of each wall portion of each floor, and a plane of wall arrangement for each floor. The display device 2 displays a figure, a plan view of a floor part for each floor, a plan view of a ceiling part, a plan view showing the arrangement of roof beams on the roof part, and a plan view showing the arrangement of roof panels on the roof part. ing.
[0035]
Then, when displaying the plan view of the base portion, the storage device is based on the design data item corresponding to the base portion of the vertical related data, that is, the position of the floor panel of the floor panel on the first floor. The design data of the first floor is searched to determine the position of the floor material of the floor panel on the first floor. Displays the position of the wood.
[0036]
The operator compares the arrangement of the foundation in the plan view of the foundation portion with the arrangement of the mark indicating the position of the floor panel of the floor of the first floor on one screen, and there is no inconvenience in the arrangement of the foundation. Alternatively, it is confirmed whether there is an arrangement that can secure sufficient strength at a lower cost than an arrangement of a foundation that is superior to the arrangement of the foundation determined by the CAD system, for example, an arrangement determined by the CAD system.
[0037]
And when there is an inconvenient part or when there is an arrangement superior to the arrangement determined by the CAD system, the position of the floor panel on the floor panel is displayed as a mark on the plan view of the base part. Correct the placement of the foundation.
[0038]
Moreover, the side view and the top view of the wall part of each floor, the plan view of the floor part for each floor, the plan view of the ceiling part, the plan view showing the layout of the roof beams of the roof part, and the layout of the roof panel of the roof part are shown. Also in the plan view, the data of the corresponding item is searched from the design data based on the above and below related data, and the drawing or mark indicating the position of the member corresponding to the above item is displayed on the side view or the plan view as described above. Then, the operator can confirm and correct the design by looking at the plan view or side view on the screen on which the drawing or mark is displayed.
[0039]
Therefore, it is possible to reduce the possibility that the operator misses a portion that needs to be corrected.
In the automatic assignment of members by the CAD system, priority is given to safety, and more than enough members are always assigned to maintain strength. Therefore, the correction by the operator mainly removes a member or the like that has been arranged to a place where the logic of the CAD system is not necessary to give priority to safety.
Therefore, even if the operator misses a portion to be corrected, the strength of the house is not affected.
[0040]
Here, it demonstrates more concretely with reference to drawings.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the arrangement of the roof beams 10 of the roof portion.
In FIG. 2, the shed beams 10 are naturally shown. 2 shows roof outlines (lines indicating the outer periphery and peak portion of the roof) 11...
[0041]
In the plan view of FIG. 2, the outer peripheral wall 12... And other walls 13 reaching the back surface of the roof are illustrated, and the outer wall 12 of the floor below the roof and the wall 13 reaching the back surface of the roof shown in FIG. A rectangular frame 15 (shown by a broken line) 15 is illustrated as a mark at the position of an opening 14 such as a window or door.
When FIG. 2 is displayed on the screen of an actual display device, for example, each line indicating the shed beam 10 on the drawing is illustrated in black on a white screen, and the walls 12 and 13 such as the outer peripheral wall 12 are provided. It is illustrated in blue, and the rectangular frame 15 is illustrated in red.
[0042]
When the roof beam 10 and the walls 12 and 13 are joined in the rectangular frame 15, a reinforcing plywood (not shown) is installed on the walls 12 and 13 in the panel method of this embodiment. ing. Therefore, when the reinforcing plywood is input by an operator's operation, the reinforcing plywood may be disposed at all the joints between the walls 12 and 13 and the roof beam 10 in the rectangular frame 15, as shown in FIG. It is not necessary to arrange the reinforcing plywood while comparing the arrangement of the openings 14 of the walls 12 and 13 with the arrangement of the roof beam 10.
[0043]
When the reinforcing plywood is automatically assigned by the CAD system, the operator first determines whether the reinforcing plywood is assigned at the joint between the walls 12 and 13 in the rectangular frame 15 and the roof beam 10. What is necessary is just to confirm whether the reinforcement plywood is not allocated to the junction part of the walls 12 and 13 and a hut beam in parts other than the inside of the rectangular frame 15 while confirming.
[0044]
That is, since the position of the opening 14 of the downstairs walls 12 and 13 can be confirmed only by looking at the display of the plan view of FIG. 2 at the time of design or design confirmation, the wall 12 of the lower hierarchy shown in FIG. The design corresponding to the structure of the lower layer and the confirmation of the design can be performed by one drawing without looking at the drawing showing the arrangement of the opening 13 of the wall 13 and the wall 14.
[0045]
4 shows allocation of the roof panels 16 of the roof portion of the house having the same structure as the house shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and a joining member for joining the roof made of the roof panels 16 and the outer peripheral wall 12 (illustrated). It is drawing which shows arrangement | positioning.
In the drawing, a U-shaped U mark 17 indicating the allocation of the roof panel 16, the arrangement of the walls 12 and 13 on the load-bearing wall line, and the allocation position of the joining member that joins the roof and the outer peripheral wall 12. Are shown.
The U marks 17 are arranged at positions away from the outer peripheral wall 12 in the drawing, but this is a shift of the positions of the U marks 17 to prevent the drawing from becoming complicated. The joining member is attached at a position on the outer peripheral wall 12 at the shortest distance from the U mark 17.
[0046]
In addition, FIG. 4 shows a mark indicating the position of the opening 14 indicating the roof beam 16 that supports the roof panel 16 and the windows, doors, etc. on the bearing walls (including the supporting walls) of the downstairs. A rectangular frame 15... And V-shaped V marks 18 indicating the positions of joints between wall panels (not shown) arranged on the load-bearing wall lines are shown.
[0047]
And the said joining member is basically the core arrange | positioned vertically in the center part of the junction part (V mark 18) of the wall panels in which two wall panels are arranged side by side, and the roof panel 16 A material (not shown) is joined, and a joining member indicated by a U mark 17 is arranged at a position where the V mark 18 indicating the joint between the wall panels and the center of the roof panel 16 coincide with each other. Will be.
[0048]
Further, on the opening 14 indicated by the rectangular frame 15, a small wall panel (not shown) having a vertical core at the center of the roof panel 16 and a core that can be bonded by the bonding member is disposed at the center. Therefore, the joining member indicated by the U mark 17 is also disposed at a position where the center portion of the small wall panel on the opening portion 14 indicated by the rectangular frame 15 and the center portion of the roof panel 16 coincide with each other. It will be.
[0049]
Therefore, as in the arrangement of the reinforcing plywood in the plan view showing the shed beam 10, in FIG. 4 where the U mark 17 is not shown, the layout position of the roof panels 16 and the joint position of the downstairs wall panels Since the position of the joining member that joins the roof and the lower outer peripheral wall 12 can be determined from the V mark 18 indicating the lower wall and the rectangular frame 15 indicating the opening 14 of the lower wall, the layout of the wall panels of the lower wall can be determined. It is possible to join the roof and the wall only by looking at the drawing shown in FIG. 4 without comparing the drawing showing the position of the opening 14 of the wall below the floor and the drawing showing the layout of the roof panel 16. It is possible to confirm that the joining member to be assigned is assigned and that the joining member is correctly assigned.
[0050]
Further, the roof panels 16 are correctly allocated to the walls 12 and 14 and the roof beam 10 in accordance with the layout of the walls 12 and 13 and the layout of the roof beam 10 on the bearing wall line shown in FIG. You can check if you are.
[0051]
As described above, according to the design support apparatus of this embodiment, a part of one level of a house, for example, a base part, a floor part of each floor, a wall part of each floor, a roof beam part, a roof roof part When designing or confirming a design, etc., only the design data related to the hierarchy to be confirmed or designed out of the design data of, for example, the lower or upper layer part that has already been designed is displayed on the same drawing. Thus, it is possible to easily confirm or design the structurally related portions in the upper and lower layers without comparing a plurality of drawings.
[0052]
Also, by extracting only the parts related to the structure in the upper and lower layers and displaying them in duplicate on the plan view of the layer to be confirmed or designed, many lines are displayed as if the two drawings were displayed as they were in duplicate. Confirmation or design can be performed in an easy-to-view state without being displayed in a complicated manner.
[0053]
In addition, when displaying the design data of the upper or lower hierarchy related to the drawing of the hierarchy to be confirmed or designed, the part related to the hierarchy to be confirmed or designed is simply as it is in the structure of the upper or lower hierarchy. It is possible to make the drawing easier to see by displaying it as a mark rather than as a drawing.
[0054]
In the above embodiment, the present invention was applied to the design of a panel construction house, but in the design of a building, it is important to take structural consistency between the upper and lower tiers, The present invention can be applied to buildings constructed by any construction method.
Also, in the above embodiment, an example of the upper and lower related data is shown. However, since the parts related to the upper and lower levels differ depending on the structure and construction method of the building, items corresponding to the structure and construction method of the building are What is necessary is just to memorize | store as related data.
In the above embodiment, the drawing is displayed on the display device 4, but the drawing may be output from the output device 5 such as a printer. When the design or the design confirmation is performed based on the drawing output from the printer or the like, it is necessary to input again the designed data or the corrected data into the CAD system using the display device and the input device.
[0055]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the configuration described in claim 1 of the present invention, the first display means displays one level of the building to be designed or to confirm the design. Plane When displaying as a figure, the second display means obtains an item of design data of the upper or lower layer of the hierarchy related to the design or the hierarchy to be confirmed from the hierarchical relation storage means, and the item of the design data The data obtained by searching the design data storage means based on Plane Displayed by the first display means as a figure Plane It will be displayed in duplicate on the figure.
[0056]
Therefore, when designing or confirming one hierarchy, if upper or lower level design data is required, the upper or lower layer is indicated. Plane Show figure and above hierarchy Plane Without comparing the figure, you can know the structural relationship between the above hierarchy and the upper or lower layer. Plane As shown in the figure, the design and the design confirmation can be performed in a state where the consistency between one hierarchy and the upper layer or the lower layer of the hierarchy is maintained.
[0057]
Also, simply the upper and lower layers Plane Rather than displaying the figures in an overlapping state, only the data corresponding to the design data items stored in the above-mentioned hierarchical relationship storage unit is displayed in duplicate, thereby preventing the displayed drawings from becoming complicated. can do.
[0058]
Further, according to the design support apparatus of the second aspect of the present invention, when the second display means displays data as a drawing, it is displayed as a mark. Design confirmation can be facilitated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a schematic configuration of a design support apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a roof beam for explaining a drawing output from the design support apparatus of the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a wall of a floor below the roof and an opening formed in the wall for explaining the drawings output from the design support apparatus of the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a roof to which a roof panel is assigned for explaining the drawing output from the design support apparatus of the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Storage device (design data storage means, upper and lower relation storage means)
2. Arithmetic processing device (first display means, second display means)

Claims (2)

Design data storage means for storing design data of each level of the building, such as a base part, each floor part, each floor wall part, each floor ceiling part, roof part, and the like;
A hierarchical relationship storage means for storing items of design data of lower and upper layers necessary for designing each hierarchy;
First display means for displaying a hierarchy to be designed as a plan view based on design data stored in the design data storage means;
The design data storage means is searched based on the design data item of the upper or lower layer of one hierarchy to be designed stored in the hierarchical relationship storage means, and the upper or lower layer corresponding to the design data item is searched . A design support apparatus comprising: second display means for displaying only design data as a plan view overlapping with a drawing displayed by the first display means. 2. The design support apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the second display means displays data corresponding to the item of the design data as a mark.

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