JP4069225B2 - Building structural design support method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for supporting structural design of a building using a computer, and more particularly, to a structural design supporting method for a building in which a load bearing wall can be appropriately arranged including an outer wall and a partition wall of the building. is there.
[0002]
[Prior art]
At the stage of designing the general structure of a building, the strength is determined after placing the load-bearing wall at any position inside the building (not limited to the outer wall line, but at any position including the inner wall part). Has been done.
[0003]
In addition, when designing the structure of a building, we assume horizontal forces such as earthquakes and winds acting on the building and calculate the weight and center of gravity of the structural elements such as roofs, walls and floors. An appropriate number of load-bearing walls are arranged on the walls. Although this calculation is complicated and a partial calculation can be executed using a computer, the layout of the bearing walls is appropriately assigned by the designer.
[0004]
Recently, it has been proposed to support structural design including assignment of bearing walls using a computer. For example, in the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-302765, the standard number of load-bearing walls in the horizontal and vertical directions is input to the computer by inputting data related to the specifications of the outer wall line and the roof of the house on the computer screen. After calculating the position of the center of gravity and displaying the result on the screen, referring to this display and inputting the bearing wall along the outer wall line, determine whether the input bearing wall can provide the required strength The result is displayed on the screen, and when it is determined that the required strength cannot be given by the determination, the arrangement of the bearing walls is corrected and the strength is determined again. This technique is advantageous as a structural planning support method because strength can be determined by placing a bearing wall on the outer wall of the target house.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above technique, the input position (arrangement position) of the bearing wall is limited to the outer wall of the house. For this reason, the bearing walls are inevitably concentrated on the outer wall, and the position and size of the opening provided in the outer wall may be limited. In addition, there may be a case where the strength of the structural plan cannot be obtained due to the lack of bearing walls and the layout of the entire house, and the target plan plan must be abandoned.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to arrange a bearing wall including a partition wall configured inside a building when supporting the structural design of the building using a computer, and thereby position and size of an opening provided in the building. It is an object of the present invention to provide a building structural design support method capable of improving the degree of freedom and the degree of freedom of a planar shape.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a structural design support method for a building according to the present invention is the structural design support method for a building which displays the arrangement of the bearing walls on the display screen of the computer. The building specifications, building shape, and roof shape data, which are data necessary for the structural calculation of the building, are input by a computer, and the vertical load for each floor of the building is input by the computer using the input data. The computer calculates the horizontal force for each floor and each direction acting on the building by the wind or earthquake based on the vertical load for each floor of the building and the coefficient corresponding to the wind or earthquake stored in the storage unit in advance. Based on the horizontal force acting on each floor and direction of the building and the standard load-bearing allowable load stored in advance, the computer calculates the number of bearing walls required for each floor and direction of the building. Calculate and display the number of bearing walls required for each floor and direction of the building on a computer, and then input a plurality of bearing walls on the exterior wall of the building and inside the building for each floor and direction of the building The load-bearing wall line for each floor and direction of the building is displayed on a computer, and further, based on the load area of each load-bearing wall line and the positional relationship with the load-bearing wall line on the upper floor and the shearing force acting on the floor Te, the bearing walls required number to be allocated to each bearing wall lines per each floor and direction of the building by calculation in a computer, said bearing wall necessary number to be allocated is allocated to each bearing wall lines to the computer The load-bearing wall layout required for each load-bearing wall line is input to a computer, the load-bearing wall layout, building member generation, modeling, stress analysis based on load generation, Computer-based structural calculation, which is a cross-section verification In the case where excessive horizontal force is applied or extremely small, the relationship between the allowable load of each bearing wall, which is the strength required by the building, and the horizontal force acting on the bearing wall is determined. It is characterized in that the determination of pass / fail is made by a computer and the result is displayed, and if the determination is negative, the computer is re-input to add or move the bearing wall. .
[0008]
In the above structural design support method, when designing the structure of a building, data necessary for the structural design of the building is input according to a predetermined procedure using a computer and a predetermined calculation is executed, so that the structural planning can be performed. The study time can be shortened, and the plan can be examined without knowledge of structural calculation.
[0009]
In other words, the data necessary to execute the structural calculation of the building is input to the computer, the number of bearing walls required for each floor and direction of the building is calculated and displayed, and displayed on the outer wall of the building and the internal partition wall. Correspondingly set and display multiple load-bearing wall lines, enter the required load-bearing wall layout for each load-bearing wall line, calculate the strength based on this layout, determine pass / fail, and display the results If the determination result is negative, the structural design can be supported by re-inputting the arrangement of the bearing walls and performing the determination again.
[0010]
At this time, since the part where the bearing wall is arranged sets a plurality of bearing wall lines between the outer wall portion and the inside for each direction and is allocated to the set bearing wall line, the bearing wall is arranged only on the outer wall. Therefore, a large degree of freedom can be given to the design of the position and size of the opening formed in the outer wall, the planar shape, and the like.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A preferred embodiment of the building structural design support method will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a flowchart for explaining a procedure of a method for supporting the structural design of a building according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a plan view of the first floor and an outer wall line, a frame outline, and a floor outer peripheral line. 3 is a plan view of the second floor and a diagram showing an outer wall line, a frame outline, and a floor outer peripheral line, FIG. 4 is a roof plan, and FIG. 5 is a guideline of the number of bearing walls required for each direction of the first floor. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state in which a bearing wall is designated, FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state in which a bearing wall is assigned to each bearing wall on the first floor, and FIG. 7 is a diagram of a bearing wall assigned to each bearing wall on the first floor. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the layout of the first floor and the second floor of the target building.
[0012]
A structure design support method for a building according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 1, and a structure of a building in which a bearing wall is assigned to an outer wall or a partition wall corresponding to each step will be described with reference to FIGS. Will be described.
[0013]
Prior to the description of the building structural design support method of this embodiment, an example of a building will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, the target building is configured as a two-story house consisting of a first floor A and a second floor B. On each floor A and B, an outer wall 1 constituting the outside of the building and a partition wall 2 provided inside the building are constituted, and a floor layout inside the building is formed by these walls 1 and 2. Further, the entrance porch 3 constituting the floor surface is configured on the first floor A, and the veranda 4 configuring the floor surface is similarly configured on the second floor B.
[0014]
When designing the structure of a building, the weight of the building has a great influence. For this reason, when the structural design is executed, it is necessary to first calculate the weight of the building. Then, the horizontal force acting during the earthquake is calculated according to the calculated building weight (vertical load).
[0015]
The load-bearing wall 5 (see FIG. 7) for resisting the horizontal force acting on the building has a preset structure, and the width dimension depends on the module dimension (for example, 915 mm) set on the building. Multiple settings such as 0.5 times, 1.0 times, 1.5 times, and 2 times the module are set. An allowable horizontal load is set in advance according to the width dimension, and is selectively adopted at the stage of designing the structure.
[0016]
The computer stores all the allowable load data of the multiple load bearing walls and other data necessary for structural design, and is configured to select the optimum load bearing wall for the horizontal force acting on the structural design. Is possible. In addition, a standard load bearing wall 5 is set from a plurality of load bearing walls, data of allowable load of the load bearing wall 5 is stored in a computer, and the load bearing wall necessary for the horizontal force acting on the structural design is stored. It is also possible to configure so that is converted into the number of the load-bearing walls 5 and displayed.
[0017]
In this embodiment, a standard load-bearing wall 5 is set, and an allowable load for the horizontal force of the load-bearing wall 5 and other structural design data are stored in the storage unit of the design support computer. The necessary bearing walls are displayed as the number of the standard bearing walls 5. For this reason, the number of bearing walls that are displayed as a guide is not necessarily an integer, but a numerical value including a decimal point.
[0018]
When building structural design is executed, the weight of the building is first calculated as described above. Therefore, when the start assistance system, in step S1, required in calculating the weight of the building, if the floor of the specification (e.g., the purpose of a building is generally floor or apartment when it is Detached houses The material and thickness of the floor, the roof specifications (for example, whether the roofing material is tile or asbestos cement board, etc.), the presence or absence of fireproof coating, and other conditions.
[0019]
Next, in step S2, the shape of the building is input. That is, the outer wall 1 of the first floor A shown in FIG. 2 (outer wall line 1), the contour line 6 of the frame, and the floor outer peripheral line 7 including the entrance porch 3 are inputted, and the outer wall line of the second floor B shown in FIG. 1. Enter the floor outline 7 including the frame outline 6 and the veranda 4 of the frame. Furthermore, the shape of the roof C shown in FIG. 4 is input.
[0020]
By inputting the building specifications and building shape as described above, it is possible to calculate the load for each floor and the load per unit area. The horizontal force acting on each floor at the time of the wind or earthquake is determined in each direction of the outer wall line 1 (generally XY orthogonal) by the calculated load for each floor and the coefficient corresponding to the wind or earthquake stored in advance. It is possible to calculate every two orthogonal directions in the coordinate system. The vertical force calculated as described above and the horizontal force corresponding to each direction are stored in the storage unit of the computer.
[0021]
Next, in step S3, each floor is calculated based on the horizontal force acting for each floor and each direction calculated as described above and the allowable load of the standard bearing wall 5 stored in advance. In addition, the required number of bearing walls 5 (Nx, Ny) required for each direction is calculated. In addition, the reference number of bearing walls 5 calculated in step S3 is the total number required in the X and Y directions of each floor to the last, and how to distribute this number is according to the following procedure. The technique of allocating the calculated reference number of bearing walls 5 for each floor is a feature of the present invention.
[0022]
As described above, the reference number of bearing walls 5 is not necessarily an integer, and a numerical value after the decimal point may be calculated. In the present embodiment, calculation is performed using a numerical value with the first decimal place.
[0023]
In step S4, the reference number Nx, Ny of the bearing walls 5 calculated in step S3 is displayed on the screen. For example, FIG. 5 shows a plan shape of the first floor A and the required number of bearing walls 5 in the X direction on the first floor is Nx = 4.1, and the estimated number of bearing walls 5 in the Y direction is Ny. = Display example of screen in case of 4.1 sheets is shown.
[0024]
In addition, the reference | standard number of the bearing walls 5 required for each direction is calculated for every floor. Accordingly, a screen having the same function as that of FIG. 5 is displayed corresponding to the second floor B. However, for convenience, in the following description, the screen display for the first floor A will be described and the description for the second floor B will be omitted.
[0025]
In step S5, referring to the screen displayed in step S4, the bearing wall lines X8 (X8a to X8d) and Y8 (Y8a to Y8c) are designated and input on the screen. The load-bearing wall lines X8 and Y8 are not only specified for the outer wall line 1, but can also be specified for the partition wall 2 (see FIG. 8) formed inside. At this time, it is preferable to display an arrow on the designated bearing wall lines X8 and Y8 as shown in the figure.
[0026]
By specifying the bearing walls X8 and Y8 including the partition wall 2, it is possible to disperse the positions of the bearing walls 5 for each floor, and the size and position of the opening formed in the outer wall 1 can be freely set. The degree can be improved.
[0027]
Next, in step S6, the reference number of the bearing walls 5 is calculated for each of the specified bearing walls X8a to X8d, Y8a to Y8c. At this time, for example, the load area of each specified bearing wall line X8a to X8d, Y8a to Y8c and the positional relationship with the bearing wall line on the upper floor, and the shearing force acting on the floor surface are considered.
[0028]
In step S7, as shown in FIG. 6, the reference number of bearing walls 5 calculated for each bearing wall line X8a to X8d, Y8a to Y8c in step S6 is applied to the corresponding bearing wall lines X8a to X8d and Y8a to Y8c. Display in correspondence.
[0029]
Next, in step S8, the load bearing wall 5 is distributed and inputted to each of the designated load bearing wall lines X8a to X8d and Y8a to Y8c while referring to the display screen shown in FIG. At this time, the position where the bearing wall 5 is arranged can be determined and set by the designer as appropriate.
[0030]
As described above, it is possible to calculate the reference number of bearing walls 5 necessary for the structure and distribute the calculated bearing walls to the outer wall 1 and the partition wall 2. The load bearing walls 5 arranged on the load bearing wall lines X8a to X8d and Y8a to Y8c are displayed on the screen (see FIG. 7).
[0031]
Next, in step S9, a consistent structure calculation is executed. That is, members other than the load-bearing wall 5 necessary for carrying out the structural design of the target building are generated, and integrated processing such as modeling, load generation, analysis of stress associated therewith, cross-sectional verification of the members, etc. is performed. . By executing the procedure up to step S9, the temporary structural design is completed, and then the determination of the completed structural design is performed.
[0032]
As a result of the consistent processing in step S9, as shown in FIG. 7, the total shearing force value (tons, t) in each direction and the shearing load for each of the load bearing wall lines X8a to X8d and Y8a to Y8c. The force value (t) can be displayed.
[0033]
In step S10, determination regarding the arrangement of the bearing walls 5 is performed based on the consistent processing result of step S9. In this determination, the relationship between the horizontal force acting on the bearing wall 5 and the allowable load is performed for each bearing wall 5. If there is a load bearing wall 5 in which an excessive horizontal force is applied or the applied horizontal force is extremely small, the current placement of the load bearing wall 5 is denied, and the process returns to step S8 to return to each load bearing wall 5. However, the load bearing wall 5 is added or moved so that a substantially uniform horizontal force can be borne, and the load bearing wall 5 is rearranged.
[0034]
As a result of the determination in step S10, if it is determined that the bearing wall 5 is reasonably arranged, the process proceeds to step S11, and a determination is made on members other than the bearing wall 5.
[0035]
In step S11, for example, when a horizontal force is applied to the load-bearing walls 5 arranged in the load-bearing wall lines X8a to X8d and Y8a to Y8c, it acts on the individual beams constituting the load-bearing wall lines X8a to X8d and Y8a to Y8c. If there is a beam to which excessive stress is applied, the arrangement of the members is denied, and the process returns to step S9 to re-arrange the members other than the bearing wall 5. This operation is performed for all members arranged in step S9.
[0036]
If it is determined in step S11 that all the members other than the load bearing wall 5 are reasonably arranged, the structural design for the target building is completed, and the system is ended. Become.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, in the building structural design support method according to the present invention, the required number of bearing walls can be calculated for each floor and for each direction using a computer, and the outer wall line And by designating a partition wall as a load-bearing wall line, it can arrange | position appropriately including a partition wall, without limiting a load-bearing wall to an outer wall. For this reason, the freedom degree of the magnitude | size and position of the opening part formed in an outer wall can be improved.
[0038]
Especially for buildings that cannot be designed unless the layout position of the bearing wall is not limited to the outer wall, including the partition wall, for example, large buildings such as apartments, lighting, etc. It is possible to deal with and study buildings where a sufficient amount of bearing walls cannot be arranged, and the support target can be made extremely wide.
[0039]
Moreover, it is common to target a partition wall as a load-bearing wall arrangement site, and a system in which the input site of the load-bearing wall is limited to only the outer wall line and the arrangement with respect to the partition wall cannot be considered is not practical. In this regard, in the structural design support method for a building according to the present invention, the arrangement of the bearing wall is not limited to the outer wall line, and the outer wall and the partition wall are arranged on a portion other than the walls. Can be easily handled, and the structural design of the target building can be supported.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart for explaining a procedure of a method for supporting structural design of a building according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a plan view of the first floor and showing an outer wall line, a frame outline, and a floor outer peripheral line.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a plan view of the second floor and an outer wall line, a frame outline, and a floor outer peripheral line.
FIG. 4 is a roof plan view.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a guideline of the number of bearing walls required for each direction on the first floor and a state in which bearing walls are designated.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a state in which a bearing wall is assigned to each bearing wall line on the first floor.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a relationship between a position of a load bearing wall assigned to each load bearing wall line on the first floor and a burden shearing force.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a layout of the first floor and the second floor of a target building.
[Explanation of symbols]
A 1st floor B 2nd floor 1 Outer wall, outer wall line 2 Partition wall 3 Entrance porch 4 Veranda 5 Bearing wall 6 Frame outline 7 Floor surface perimeter line X8 (X8a to X8d), Y8 (Y8a to Y8c) Bearing wall

Claims (1)

In the structural design support method of a building which displays the arrangement of bearing walls on the display screen of a computer,
The building specifications and the building shape and the roof shape data that are necessary for the structural calculation of the building stored in the storage unit of the computer are input by a computer.
Using the input data, the computer calculates the vertical load for each floor of the building,
With the vertical load for each floor of the building and the coefficient corresponding to the wind or earthquake stored in the storage unit in advance, the horizontal force for each floor and direction acting on the building by the wind or earthquake is calculated by a computer,
Based on the horizontal force acting on each floor and direction of the building and the standard load-bearing allowable load of the standard load-bearing wall, the computer calculates the number of bearing walls required for each floor and direction of the building. And
Display the number of bearing walls required for each floor and direction of the building on a computer,
Next, a plurality of load-bearing wall lines inside the building outer wall and inside the building are input by a computer for each floor and direction of the building, and the load-bearing wall lines for each floor and direction of the building are displayed by a computer,
Furthermore, based on the load area of each load-bearing wall line and the positional relationship with the load-bearing wall line on the upper floor and the shearing force acting on the floor, the necessary load-bearing capacity to be distributed to each load-bearing wall line for each floor and direction of the building by calculating the wall number in the computer, said bearing wall necessary number to be allocated is allocated to each bearing wall lines to be displayed on the computer,
The load-bearing wall layout required for each load-bearing wall line is input to a computer, and the analysis of stress based on the load-bearing wall layout, building member generation, modeling, and load generation is performed. A certain structural calculation is processed consistently in the calculation process of the computer,
Pass / fail judgment that determines whether the relationship between the allowable load of each bearing wall, which is the strength required by the building, and the horizontal force acting on the bearing wall is negative when excessive horizontal force is applied or extremely low To display the result,
A structural design support method for a building, characterized in that if the determination is negative, the computer is re-inputted to add or move a bearing wall.

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