JP3707767B2 - Horizontal paddle type fermentation apparatus and operation method - Google Patents

Description

その結果、無添加方式を採用した場合、運転時のパドル式攪拌装置の電流値は、全体的に添加方式より増えている。
パドル式攪拌装置の電流値は、発酵槽投入部において発酵槽側壁部を横行する場合に他と比較し大きい。また、その電流値は、発酵槽側壁のいずれの場合もおおよそ同じであった。
【００１２】
（２）試験結果（状況）
図２は、パドル式攪拌装置の（ａ）のパドル部の正断面図、（ｂ）（ａ）のＡ−Ａ側断面図、（ｃ）(ａ)のＢ−Ｂ平断面図である。
パドル式攪拌装置の攪拌羽根３１ａ、３１ｂは、回転機械であるパドル３２を、動的バランスを取り、安定して稼動させるため、胴体３３をはさんで設置する必要があるため、胴体部３３の両端にそれぞれ設置されている。
また、発酵槽内においては、発酵槽両側に側壁１ｃ、１ｄがあるため、側壁部の堆肥化原料を攪拌するためには、パドル式攪拌装置２の胴体３３の両端にパドルが必要であった。
試験において、発明者が、該パドル式攪拌装置の運転時における発酵槽側壁部の原料状況などを観察したところ、以下の状況が見られた。
【００１３】
図３に、発酵槽中央部付近でのパドル式発酵装置の（ａ）の正断面図、（ｂ）側断面図を示す。
パドル式攪拌装置による堆肥化原料の攪拌について、発酵槽中央部付近をパドル式攪拌装置が横行している場合には、胴体３３をはさんで２つの攪拌羽根３１ａ、３１ｂが取り付けられていることにより、堆積された堆肥化原料の内、横行する方向側の堆肥化原料４１は、まず進行方向側のパドル３２ｂで後方５１へ送られる。また、胴体３３の反進行方向側のパドル３２ａは、前記進行方向側のパドル３２ｂ運転時に生じた、残留物と堆肥化原料の崩れによる堆積物を後方５１へ送り、胴体部３３を含むパドル近傍５２下部には、ほとんど堆肥化原料がない状況であった。
【００１４】
図４に、発酵槽側壁部付近でのパドル式発酵装置の（ａ）の正断面図及び（ｂ）側断面図を示し、図２は、その拡大図である。
パドル式攪拌装置が発酵槽側壁近傍を横行する場合には、進行方向側の堆肥化原料の内、胴体部から側壁部分（図２の距離Ｘ）の原料は、進行方向側の一つのパドル３２ｂでしか後方５１へ送っていないため、概略３０％程度の残留物と堆肥化原料の崩れによる堆積物５３が胴体部下部５２に堆積していた。
それが、次の運転段階であるパドル式攪拌装置２が走行装置３の運転により、投入口１ａ側へ移動するときに、胴体部３３では、パドルの攪拌による後方への送りがないため、この残留物や堆肥化原料の堆積物５３が胴体部３３の下部で徐々に圧密されていることが判明した。
また、この胴体部での残留量が多いほど、走行及びその後引き続き行われる横行時の電流値が増加することがわかった。
【００１５】
また、上記の試験時に、パドル式攪拌装置の負荷が発酵槽側壁部へ近づく程大きくなることが判明した。これは、発酵槽側壁部に向かって横行する場合、パドル式攪拌装置の攪拌羽根が堆肥化原料を後ろに送るよりも側面に押し付ける作用の方が支配的であることを示している。
これらの結果より、条件の異なる堆肥化原料を横形パドル式発酵槽で発酵させる場合、パドル式攪拌装置においては、攪拌装置の側壁近傍での残留物、堆肥化原料の崩れにより堆積物の除去及びその結果として動力値の軽減が必要であり、また、攪拌羽根による堆肥化原料の押し付けを防止する対策も必要であった。
本発明は、発酵槽側壁部での残留物と堆積物の除去及びパドル式攪拌装置の横行時の堆肥化原料の押付け力の軽減を解決し、全体として運転動力を低減し、運転経費を低減したものである。
【００１６】
以下、本発明を図面を用いて詳細に説明する。
図１は、本発明の一例の横型パドル式攪拌装置の（ａ）全体平面図、（ｂ）部分拡大平面図、（ｃ）（ｂ）の攪拌装置の動きを示す説明図である。
堆肥化原料である破砕ごみ、汚泥、畜糞などは、含水率調整と通気性が改善され発酵槽へ投入される。
横型パドル式攪拌装置では、パドルを回転させながら、横型発酵槽の走行装置３の走行と横行装置４の横行によるジグザグ運転を行うことで、堆肥化原料である破砕ごみ、汚泥、畜糞などを発酵槽１内を排出口部１ｂから投入口部１ａの方向へ、切り返し、一次発酵を行わせることができる。
本発明では、すべての原料をパドルの攪拌羽根３１で２回後方へ移動させることで、発酵槽側壁部でのパドル式攪拌装置２の過負荷をなくすことができる。
【００１７】
すべての原料をパドルの攪拌羽根３１で２回攪拌するために、図２に示すように、発酵槽側壁部１ｄから、少なくとも、パドル式攪拌装置の胴体部の幅Ｙとパドルの攪拌羽根の片側の幅Ｚの長さの合計Ｘ以上を横行装置の最低戻り寸法とし、実際的には、パドルの幅寸法Ｌを戻りの最低寸法とする。
これにより、発酵槽側壁部１ｄにおいて、従来の１回攪拌に加え、本発明では、プフス１回攪拌することとなった。
プラス１回の攪拌を行わせる方法は以下による。
発酵槽内でのパドル式攪拌装置２の運転方法は、以下の順序のように行われる。その移動は、図１（ｂ）、（ｃ）に示すパドル式攪拌装置の動きのように、発酵槽内で回転中のパドル式攪拌装置２は、横行装置４の横行により発酵槽の片側の側壁方向１ｄへ向かって移動する。そして発酵槽の側壁部ｂへ到達すると、そこで、横行は停止し、次にパドル式攪拌装置２は発酵槽の反対側の側壁方向１ｃへ向かって横行する。
【００１８】
横行の移動距離は、Ｌとする。Ｌ移動し発酵槽内のｃ迄到達すると、今度は、再度発酵槽側壁１ｄへ向かって再度移動する。発酵槽壁近傍のｂに到達すると、走行装置３の運転によりパドル式攪拌装置２を投入口方向１ａへ移動する。
ある程度投入口方向ｄへ移動すると、走行を停止し、その後、横行装置４が前記とは逆方法の発酵槽の側壁１ｃへ向かって横行を行い、発酵槽側壁部ｅへ移動する。
このｅ部においても、上記と同様に、一部の戻り運転を行いｆ迄一端戻った後、再度ｅへ到達し、次のステップヘと進む。
このようにして、パドル式攪拌装置２は、走行装置３と横行装置４により発酵槽内を発酵槽の両端の側壁１ｃ、１ｄへの横行と発酵槽の排出口１ｂ方向から投入口方向１ａへの移動を、横行と走行をジグザグ運転と発酵槽側壁近傍での戻り運転を加えた運転を繰り返し行う。この運転方法により、パドル式攪拌装置の過負荷がなく、すべての堆肥化原料を投入口１ａ方向から排出口１ｂ方向へ概略パドルの直径分移送させることができる。
【００１９】
最終的に、発酵槽投入部１ａ末端に到達すると、排出口側１ｂへのパドル式攪拌装置２の戻りは、発酵槽の中をパドル式攪拌装置２を逆転させながら横行装置４の横行の切込みピッチを小さくし、横行と走行を繰り返すジグザグ運転を行い発酵槽の排出口１ｂ付近へ移動し運転を停止する。
上記のように、従来の不都合を改善するために、発酵槽側壁部において胴体部＋パドル幅の合計の距離Ｌ分だけ逆方向の横行運転を行い、すべての原料がパドル攪拌羽根で２回、後方へ移動させることにしたところ、課題となっていた発酵槽側壁近傍での過負荷現象は、すべて解消した。
また、その時の電流値は、従来の約８０％程度に低減し、また従来時々電流値に瞬間的に負荷が上昇していたが、それらも解消した。当然、上記電流リレーにより運転停止も完全になくなり、従来の安定運転となった。
【００２０】
また、上記例では、パドル式攪拌装置の発酵槽側壁部での戻り運転は、発酵槽の排出口側１ｂから投入口側１ａのすべての発酵槽側壁部で行ったが、戻り運転が必要な個所は、発酵槽投入部近傍の発酵槽側壁部など一部の個所のみであるので、戻り運転個所を限定することにより、戻りに要する時間を短縮、運転経費を節減することができる。
そのため、戻り運転を行う個所として、パドル式攪拌装置の負荷の状況により設定できることとした。
その設定は、パドル式攪拌装置の負荷を電動機の電流値で検知し、その電流値がある限度を超えた場合とする。また、トルク検知機でのトルクを用いることもできる。また、発酵槽内の原料などの堆積高さなどが高いと、それにほぼ比例して負荷が大きくなるので、堆積高さが高い個所である発酵槽投入部を当初から定めることができる。
このように、戻り運転個所を必要個所に限定し、かつ戻り運転距離を最低胴体部＋パドル攪拌羽根幅の合計Ｌとすることで、堆肥化原料の性状に係わらず、過負荷とならず、多少の戻り運転時間を加えることで発酵処理を行うことができる。
【００２１】
また、パドル式攪拌装置が横行時に堆肥化原料を押し付ける対策については、パドル式攪拌装置に取り付けれられている攪拌羽根の形状を、従来の平面的な板から、台形、三角、スパイク、矩形にすることにより解決した。
図５にパドル部の（ａ）正面図、（ｂ）側面図を示し、図６に図５の部分拡大図を示す。
図５、６により説明する。
パドル式攪拌装置は、通常回転しながら横行するため、攪拌羽根の形状が平面では、横行時には、パドルの攪拌羽根は凹凸であっても、回転している場合には最外面がフラットなため、回転すると平面として堆肥化原料中を進んでいくこととなる。
もちろん、パドル式攪拌装置の回転により、堆肥化原料の大半は、発酵槽の後方へ移送されるが、横行速度が速いと発酵槽の後方への移送より、押し付ける反力の方が大きくなり、次第に負荷が増えていった。
【００２２】
そのための解決策として、図７に示すような、回転する攪拌羽根の形状を台形、三角、スパイク、矩形などとし、かつ図８の示すように、その位相をずらすことにより、最外面がフラットとならないことが重要である。
試験によると、攪拌羽根の形状を台形とした場合、従来の平面よりも約１０〜２０％動力値が低減した。
この結果より、攪拌羽根の形状を平面から台形、三角、スパイク、矩形などとし、かつその位相をずらすことが動力低減に効果的である。
また、上記に例で示した攪拌羽根の形状は、堆肥化原料の種類、粒径、付着性などの性状により任意に選定することができる。
また、攪拌羽根は、パドルの中心部と外周部で周速が異なり、外周部ほど回転が速いため、攪拌羽根全体としての押し付け力を均一にするため、台形、矩形などの形状の場合には、中心部の最外面に接する長さを長くし、外周部程、接する長さを短くするなどの配慮を行うことも可能である。
【００２３】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、発酵槽側壁部での残留物と堆積物を除去することができると共に、パドル式攪拌装置の横行時の堆肥化原料の押し付け力を軽減することができ、全体として運転動力を低減し、運転送行時の停止がなく安定した運転ができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の横型パドル式発酵装置の（ａ）全体平面図、（ｂ）部分拡大平面図、（ｃ）（ｂ）の攪拌装置の動きを示す説明図。
【図２】パドル式攪拌装置の（ａ）パドル部の正断面図、（ｂ）（ａ）のＡ−Ａ側断面図、（ｃ）（ａ）のＢ−Ｂ平断面図。
【図３】横型パドル式発酵装置の（ａ）パドル部の正断面図、（ｂ）パドル部の側断面図。
【図４】横型パドル式発酵装置の発酵槽側壁部付近のパドル部の（ａ）正断面図、（ｂ）側断面図。
【図５】パドル式攪拌装置のパドル部の（ａ）正面図、（ｂ）側面図。
【図６】図５の部分拡大図で（ａ）正面図、（ｂ）側面図。
【図７】攪拌羽根の形状を示す部分拡大図で（ａ）台形図、（ｂ）三角形図、（ｅ）スパイク形図。
【図８】位相を変えた台形攪拌羽根の形態図。
【図９】従来の横型パドル式発酵装置の（ａ）全体平面図、（ｂ）（ａ）のＡ−Ａ 断面図。
【図１０】従来の横型パドル式発酵装置の（ａ）全体平面図、（ｂ）（ａ）のＡ−Ａ断面図、（ｃ）（ａ）の１部拡大図。
【符号の説明】
１：発酵槽、１ａ：発酵槽投入口、１ｂ：発酵槽排出口、１ｃ、１ｄ：発酵槽側壁、２：攪拌装置、３：走行装置、４：横行装置、６：リターンドア、７：戻り通路、１２：レール、３１ａ、３１ｂ：攪拌羽根、３２ａ、３２ｂ：パドル、３３：胴体、４１、４２：堆肥化原料、５１：移送物、５２：胴体下部空間、５３：胴体下部の残留物、堆積物[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a horizontal paddle fermentation apparatus, and more particularly to a horizontal paddle fermentation apparatus and an operation method for fermenting organic matter such as crushed waste, sludge, and animal manure by the action of microorganisms and composting.
[0002]
[Prior art]
9 and 10 are (a) a plan view and (b) and (a) cross-sectional views of a conventional horizontal paddle type stirring apparatus.
Conventionally, in a horizontal paddle type agitator, by rotating the paddle and running the horizontal fermenter traveling device and zigzag operation by traversing the traversing device, composting raw materials such as crushed waste, sludge, livestock dung, etc. The inside of the fermenter has been turned back from the discharge part to the input part, and primary fermentation has been performed.
The switching is performed by the rotation of the paddle type stirring device 2. As shown in FIG. 9, the movement starts by rotating the paddle type agitator 2 at the end of the fermenter discharge section 1 b, and then the paddle type agitator 2 of the fermenter 1 is moved by the traversing of the traversing device 4. It is moved in the side wall direction 1c on one side. Then, when reaching the side wall 1c of the fermenter 1, the traversing is stopped, and then the paddle type stirring device 2 is moved toward the inlet 1a by the operation of the traveling device 3. If it moves to the inlet direction 1a to some extent, driving | running | working will be stopped, and then the traversing apparatus 4 will traverse toward the side wall 1d of the fermenter of the reverse method, and will move to the fermenter side wall part 1d.
[0003]
In this way, the paddle type agitator 2 is configured such that the traveling device 3 and the traversing device 4 feed the fermenter 1 into the fermenter side walls 1c and 1d, and to the fermenter outlet 1b. By repeating the running in the direction in a zigzag manner, all the composting raw materials can be transferred by the diameter of the approximate paddle from the input port direction 1a to the discharge port 1b.
In the case of a horizontal fermenter that has a return passage, the paddle type stirring device 2 that has finished moving to the end of the fermenter inlet portion 1a then opens the return door 6 installed in the input portion and returns the return passage 7 And travel in the direction of the discharge port 1b. Finally, it moves to the fermenter outlet 1b end and stops the operation.
[0004]
In the case of the new paddle type fermenter that does not require the new return passage of FIG. 10, the movement of the paddle type agitator 2 up to the end of the fermenter charging section 1a is the same as that of the horizontal paddle type fermenter of FIG. As shown in the enlarged view of the operation of FIG. 10 (c), the return of the paddle type agitator 2 to the discharge port side 1b reverses the paddle type agitator 2 in the fermenter 1 as shown by the dotted line. However, the zigzag operation of repeating the traversing and running is performed by reducing the traversing pitch of the traversing device 4 and moving to the vicinity of the fermenter outlet 1b to stop the operation.
Conventionally, as a composting raw material, there is an addition method that uses rice husks or sawdust as a moisture control material for composting raw material in order to adjust the moisture content of crushed garbage, sludge, livestock excrement, etc. It has been generally used because of easy adjustment of fermentation conditions and easy operation management.
However, recently it has been difficult to obtain moisture conditioners and it has become difficult to secure the site area of the composting facility, so no additive-based fermentation that does not use moisture conditioners such as rice husks and sawdust. The method has gradually increased.
[0005]
In the additive-free method in which fermentation is performed without using a moisture regulator, it is necessary to reduce the moisture content of the composting raw material by some means, and as a method for that purpose, pretreatment such as dehydration and drying of the composting raw material is required. Or the compost produced in the composting facility is used as a return compost for moisture adjustment. A screw press or a compressor is used as a dehydration method for reducing the moisture content of the raw material as a pretreatment. As drying methods, direct drying using a rotary kiln, disk-type drying using steam, thin-film drying, vacuum drying using vacuum, dehumidification drying using electricity, and the like are employed.
Composting raw materials and return compost that have undergone pretreatment such as dehydration and drying have no apparent addition of rice husks and sawdust, so the properties at the time of charging into the fermenter are high in apparent specific gravity and adherence of raw materials. The viscosity is high.
Accordingly, the additive-free raw material is difficult to handle, and the power for stirring and transferring is increased.
[0006]
As a result, in the additive-free system, when the composting raw material is operated with the paddle type stirring device, the electric motor of the paddle type stirring device sometimes stops operating due to the electrical protection device.
The location of the occurrence was in the fermenter side wall near the fermenter input part, and the situation during operation was when the paddle type agitator was traversing and running.
In addition, for the paddle type stirring device, for mechanical protection and operational stability, stirring by the paddle rotation will continue if the load increases, but the traversing or running will be stopped for a certain period of time, and after the load has been reduced, Incorporates control to traverse or run. The installation of the above-mentioned safety device for protecting the machine mainly protects the machine from a lump such as a stone mixed in the composting raw material, and it is necessary to avoid the operation of the protective device during normal operation.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above prior art, and it is an object to provide a horizontal paddle-type fermentation apparatus capable of stable operation and an operation method thereof regardless of the conditions of raw materials charged into the fermenter. To do.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, a horizontal fermenter that stores raw materials and composts by fermentation, a paddle type stirring device that stirs while moving the raw material in one direction, and the paddle type stirring device In a horizontal paddle type fermentation apparatus having a traveling device that can freely travel in a fermenter and a transverse device that can be traversed, the paddle type stirring device is directed from the fermenter outlet to the inlet Deploys an operation control mechanism that moves in a zigzag by repeating traversing and traveling, and traverses the paddle type stirring device in the reverse direction within the width of the device when it reaches the fermenter side wall at a predetermined position by traversing It was decided to do.
In the horizontal paddle-type fermentation apparatus, the stirring blade attached to the paddle-type stirring device can be trapezoidal, triangular, spike, rectangular, etc. as the outermost side shape, and the outermost stirring blade is It is composed of a plurality of stirring blades, and the side surface shape can be a phase shifted.
[0009]
Further, in the present invention, the paddle type stirring device in the horizontal type fermenter moves in a zigzag by repeatedly traversing and running from the discharge port to the input port, and stirring while moving the raw material in the fermenter in one direction. In the operation method of the horizontal paddle type fermenting apparatus for fermenting the raw material, when the paddle type stirring apparatus reaches the fermenter side wall at a predetermined position by traversing, the paddle type stirring apparatus is reversed within the width of the apparatus at that position. It was decided to traverse in the direction.
In the above operation method, the predetermined position where the paddle type agitator is traversed in the reverse direction can be determined based on the value detected by electrically, mechanically and physically detecting the load state of the paddle type agitator. .
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
First, in order to pursue the cause of the stoppage of the conventional paddle type stirring device, the power during operation was measured and the treatment status was observed.
(1) Test result (current value)
Table 1 shows an example in which the current value during operation of the paddle type stirring device was measured when the test was performed while changing the raw material conditions.
[0011]
[Table 1]

As a result, when the non-addition method is adopted, the current value of the paddle type stirring device during operation is generally increased as compared with the addition method.
The current value of the paddle type agitator is larger than the others when traversing the fermenter side wall in the fermenter input part. Moreover, the electric current value was substantially the same in any case of the fermenter side wall.
[0012]
(2) Test results (status)
FIG. 2 is a front cross-sectional view of the paddle part of (a) of the paddle type stirring device, (b) a cross-sectional side view along AA line of (a), and (c) a cross-sectional view along BB line of (a).
The agitation blades 31a and 31b of the paddle type agitator need to be installed across the body 33 in order to operate the paddle 32, which is a rotating machine, with dynamic balance and stable operation. It is installed at each end.
Moreover, in the fermenter, since there are side walls 1c and 1d on both sides of the fermenter, paddles are required at both ends of the body 33 of the paddle type stirring device 2 in order to stir the composting raw material on the side wall. .
In the test, when the inventors observed the raw material state of the fermenter side wall during the operation of the paddle type stirring device, the following situation was observed.
[0013]
In FIG. 3, (a) front sectional drawing and (b) side sectional drawing of the paddle-type fermentation apparatus in the fermenter center vicinity vicinity are shown.
About the composting raw material stirring by the paddle type stirring device, when the paddle type stirring device is traversing near the center of the fermenter, two stirring blades 31a and 31b are attached with the body 33 in between. Accordingly, the composting raw material 41 on the traversing direction side among the accumulated composting raw materials is first sent to the rear 51 by the paddle 32b on the traveling direction side. Further, the paddle 32a on the opposite side of the body 33 is fed to the rear 51 by deposits of residue and composting material generated during the operation of the paddle 32b on the side of the traveling direction, and in the vicinity of the paddle including the body 33. At the bottom of 52, there was almost no composting raw material.
[0014]
FIG. 4 shows a front sectional view of (a) and a (b) side sectional view of the paddle type fermentation apparatus in the vicinity of the side wall of the fermenter, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view thereof.
When the paddle type agitator crosses the vicinity of the fermenter side wall, among the composting raw material on the traveling direction side, the raw material from the body portion to the side wall portion (distance X in FIG. 2) is one paddle 32b on the traveling direction side. Therefore, the residue 53 and the deposit 53 due to the collapse of the composting material were deposited on the lower part 52 of the trunk part.
This is because when the paddle type stirring device 2 which is the next operation stage moves to the insertion port 1a side by the operation of the traveling device 3, the trunk portion 33 does not feed backward due to the stirring of the paddle. It was found that the residue and the composting material deposit 53 were gradually consolidated in the lower part of the body portion 33.
In addition, it was found that the current value during traveling and subsequent traversing increased as the residual amount in the body portion increased.
[0015]
Moreover, it became clear at the time of said test that the load of a paddle type stirring apparatus became so large that it approached a fermenter side wall part. This indicates that, when traversing toward the fermenter side wall, the action of pressing the composting raw material backward on the stirring blades of the paddle type stirring device is more dominant.
From these results, when composting raw materials with different conditions are fermented in a horizontal paddle type fermenter, in the paddle type stirring device, the residue in the vicinity of the side wall of the stirring device, the removal of deposits due to the collapse of the composting raw material and As a result, it was necessary to reduce the power value, and to take measures to prevent the composting raw material from being pushed by the stirring blades.
The present invention solves the removal of residues and deposits on the side wall of the fermenter and the reduction of the pressing force of the composting raw material when the paddle type agitator is traversed, reducing the operating power as a whole and reducing the operating cost. It is a thing.
[0016]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1A is an overall plan view, FIG. 1B is an enlarged plan view of a horizontal paddle type stirring apparatus according to an example of the present invention, and FIG.
The composting raw materials such as crushed waste, sludge, and livestock excrement are introduced into the fermenter after adjustment of moisture content and air permeability.
In the horizontal paddle type agitator, while the paddle is rotated, the running device 3 of the horizontal fermentation tank and the zigzag operation by the traversing of the traversing device 4 are performed to ferment composting raw materials such as crushed waste, sludge, and livestock excreta. The inside of the tank 1 can be turned over from the discharge port portion 1b to the input port portion 1a to perform primary fermentation.
In the present invention, the overload of the paddle type agitator 2 at the side wall of the fermenter can be eliminated by moving all the raw materials backward twice by the paddle stirring blade 31.
[0017]
In order to stir all the raw materials twice with the paddle stirring blade 31, as shown in FIG. 2, at least one side of the width Y of the body portion of the paddle type stirring device and one side of the paddle stirring blade from the fermenter side wall 1 d More than the total X of the lengths of the width Z is the minimum return dimension of the traversing device, and the paddle width dimension L is actually the minimum return dimension.
Thereby, in 1 d of fermenter side walls, in addition to the conventional 1 time stirring, in this invention, it will stir 1 time.
The method of performing plus one stirring is as follows.
The operation method of the paddle type stirring device 2 in the fermenter is performed in the following order. The movement of the paddle type stirring device 2 rotating in the fermenter, like the movement of the paddle type stirring device shown in FIGS. It moves toward the side wall direction 1d. And when it reaches the side wall part b of the fermenter, the traversing stops there, and then the paddle type stirring device 2 traverses toward the side wall direction 1c on the opposite side of the fermenter.
[0018]
The traversing distance is L. When it moves L and reaches c in the fermenter, it moves again toward the fermenter side wall 1d again. When reaching b near the fermenter wall, the paddle type stirring device 2 is moved in the inlet direction 1 a by the operation of the traveling device 3.
If it moves to the inlet direction d to some extent, driving | running | working will be stopped and then the traversing apparatus 4 will traverse toward the side wall 1c of the fermenter of the reverse method, and will move to the fermenter side wall part e.
Also in the e section, as described above, a part of the return operation is performed, and after returning to f for a while, the process reaches the e again and proceeds to the next step.
In this way, the paddle type agitator 2 is moved in the fermenter by the traveling device 3 and the traversing device 4 to the side walls 1c and 1d at both ends of the fermenter and from the fermenter outlet 1b to the inlet direction 1a. The above operation is repeatedly performed by adding a zigzag operation and a return operation in the vicinity of the side wall of the fermenter to traverse and travel. By this operation method, there is no overload of the paddle type agitator, and all composting raw materials can be transferred from the input port 1a direction to the discharge port 1b direction by the approximate paddle diameter.
[0019]
Finally, when reaching the fermenter input part 1a end, the return of the paddle type agitator 2 to the discharge port side 1b is the infeed of the traversing device 4 while reversing the paddle type agitator 2 in the fermenter. The pitch is reduced, zigzag operation that repeats traversing and running is performed, and it moves to the vicinity of the discharge port 1b of the fermenter to stop the operation.
As described above, in order to improve the conventional inconvenience, the traverse operation in the reverse direction is performed by the total distance L of the trunk portion + paddle width in the side wall portion of the fermenter, and all the raw materials are twice by the paddle stirring blades. As a result of moving backward, all overload phenomena near the side wall of the fermenter, which had been a problem, were eliminated.
Further, the current value at that time was reduced to about 80% of the conventional value, and the load was instantaneously increased to the current value from the past. Naturally, the current relay completely stopped the operation, and the conventional stable operation was achieved.
[0020]
Moreover, in the said example, although the return operation in the fermenter side wall part of a paddle type stirring apparatus was performed in all the fermenter side wall parts from the discharge port side 1b of the fermenter to the input side 1a, return operation is required. Since the locations are only some locations such as the fermenter side wall near the fermenter charging portion, limiting the return operation location can reduce the time required for the return and reduce the operating cost.
Therefore, it was decided that the place where the return operation is performed can be set according to the load condition of the paddle type stirring device.
The setting is made when the load of the paddle type stirring device is detected by the current value of the electric motor and the current value exceeds a certain limit. Moreover, the torque in a torque detector can also be used. In addition, since the load increases in proportion to the height of the raw material in the fermenter when the height of the material is high, the fermenter input portion, which is the portion where the height of deposition is high, can be determined from the beginning.
Thus, by limiting the return operation location to the required location, and by setting the return operation distance to the total L of the minimum body part + paddle stirring blade width, regardless of the nature of the composting raw material, it will not be overloaded, The fermentation process can be performed by adding some return operation time.
[0021]
In addition, as a countermeasure against pressing the composting material when the paddle type agitator is traversing, the shape of the stirring blade attached to the paddle type agitator is changed from a conventional flat plate to a trapezoid, triangle, spike, or rectangle. It was solved by.
5A is a front view of the paddle portion, FIG. 5B is a side view thereof, and FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged view of FIG.
This will be described with reference to FIGS.
Since the paddle type stirring device is traversed while rotating normally, the shape of the stirring blade is flat, and when it is traversing, even if the paddle stirring blade is uneven, the outermost surface is flat when rotating, If it rotates, it will progress in the composting raw material as a plane.
Of course, due to the rotation of the paddle type stirring device, most of the composting raw material is transferred to the rear of the fermenter, but if the traversing speed is fast, the reaction force to press becomes larger than the transfer to the rear of the fermenter, The load gradually increased.
[0022]
As a solution for this, as shown in FIG. 7, the shape of the rotating stirring blade is a trapezoid, a triangle, a spike, a rectangle, etc., and as shown in FIG. It is important not to be.
According to the test, when the shape of the stirring blade was a trapezoid, the power value was reduced by about 10 to 20% from the conventional flat surface.
From this result, it is effective in reducing the power to change the shape of the stirring blade from a plane to a trapezoid, a triangle, a spike, a rectangle, and the like and to shift the phase thereof.
Moreover, the shape of the stirring blade shown in the above example can be arbitrarily selected depending on properties such as the type of composting raw material, particle size, and adhesion.
In addition, since the stirring blades have different peripheral speeds at the center and the outer periphery of the paddle and rotate faster toward the outer periphery, in order to make the pressing force of the entire stirring blade uniform, in the case of a trapezoidal, rectangular shape, etc. It is also possible to consider such as increasing the length in contact with the outermost surface of the central portion and shortening the length in contact with the outer peripheral portion.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, residues and deposits on the side wall of the fermenter can be removed, and the pressing force of the composting raw material when the paddle type agitator is traversed can be reduced, and the driving power as a whole can be reduced. And stable operation without stopping during operation.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is an overall plan view of a horizontal paddle type fermentation apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 1B is a partially enlarged plan view thereof, and FIG.
2A is a front cross-sectional view of a paddle portion of a paddle type stirring device, FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional side view taken along line AA of FIG. 2A, and FIG.
3A is a front sectional view of a paddle portion of a horizontal paddle type fermentation apparatus, and FIG. 3B is a side sectional view of the paddle portion.
4A is a front cross-sectional view and FIG. 4B is a side cross-sectional view of a paddle portion in the vicinity of a fermenter side wall portion of a horizontal paddle type fermentation apparatus.
FIG. 5A is a front view of a paddle portion of a paddle type stirring device, and FIG. 5B is a side view thereof.
6 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 5 (a) a front view and (b) a side view.
FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged view showing the shape of the stirring blade, (a) trapezoidal view, (b) triangular view, (e) spike shape view.
FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram of a trapezoidal stirring blade with a phase changed.
9A is an overall plan view of a conventional horizontal paddle type fermentation apparatus, and FIG. 9B is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
10A is an overall plan view of a conventional horizontal paddle type fermentation apparatus, FIG. 10B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 10A, and FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Fermenter, 1a: Fermenter inlet, 1b: Fermenter outlet, 1c, 1d: Fermenter side wall, 2: Stirring device, 3: Traveling device, 4: Traverse device, 6: Return door, 7: Return Passage, 12: rail, 31a, 31b: stirring blade, 32a, 32b: paddle, 33: trunk, 41, 42: composting raw material, 51: transferred material, 52: trunk lower space, 53: residue in lower trunk, Sediment

Claims (5)

A horizontal fermenter that stores raw materials and composts by fermentation, a paddle type stirring device that stirs while moving the raw material in one direction, and the paddle type stirring device can freely run in the fermenter. In a horizontal paddle type fermenter having a traveling device and a traversing device that can be traversed, the paddle type agitator is moved in a zigzag manner by repeatedly traversing and traveling from the discharge port of the fermenter toward the charging port. A horizontal paddle-type fermenter comprising an operation control mechanism for moving the paddle-type stirring device in the reverse direction within the width of the device at the position when the fermenter side wall at a predetermined position is reached. The horizontal paddle type fermenter according to claim 1, wherein the stirring blades attached to the paddle type stirring device have a trapezoidal shape, a triangular shape, a spike shape, or a rectangular shape as a side surface shape at the outermost end. The horizontal paddle fermentation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the outermost stirring blade is composed of a plurality of stirring blades, and the side surface has a phase shifted. A paddle-type agitator in the horizontal fermenter repeatedly moves in a zigzag direction from the discharge port to the input port, moves to a zigzag, turns the raw material in the fermenter back in one direction, and stirs it to ferment the raw material In the operation method of the horizontal paddle type fermentation apparatus, when the paddle type stirring apparatus reaches the fermenter side wall at a predetermined position by traversing, the paddle type stirring apparatus is traversed in the reverse direction within the width of the apparatus at that position. A method for operating a horizontal paddle-type fermentation apparatus. The predetermined position at which the paddle type agitator is traversed in the reverse method is determined based on a value obtained by electrically or mechanically and physically detecting or estimating a load state of the patrol agitator. 5. A method for operating the horizontal paddle fermentation apparatus according to 4.

Images