JP2006335600A - Method for controlling partial stirring of compost in composting facility - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate the partial stirring with a stirrer in a composting facility to be easily conducted at an arbitrary location without imposing overload on a driving motor of stirring blades. <P>SOLUTION: A stirrer 12 is arranged in a position to conduct partial stirring of compost in a composting facility and, firstly, lowering the stirrer onto the piled organic matter 5 to conduct stirring of a compost, where the stirrer is lowered to a prescribed position by repeating up and down movements so as not to impose overload, while monitoring the current of the driving motor for the stirring blades 22. Next, by repeating lowering and traveling of the stirrer 12, the stirrer is made to descend to the lowest end position. After that, normal stirring and traveling are conducted. When stirring is performed to a prescribed position, the stirring blades 22 are made to inversely rotate to return to the starting point. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for controlling partial stirring of compost by a stirrer (rotary stirrer or conveyor stirrer) in a composting facility, and in particular, composting that aerobically decomposes the organic matter by stirring organic matter such as livestock dung. It is related with the partial stirring control method of compost by the rotary stirrer in equipment.

  Organic matter such as livestock excreta and meat processing waste is mixed with auxiliary materials such as rice husk and sawdust, and after moisture adjustment, aerobic fermentation decomposition is performed by agitation to promote air permeability, Generated.

  FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of conventional composting equipment using a rotary stirrer (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-51395). The composting equipment 10 is provided in a fermenter 14 and the fermenter 14. The raw material input unit 16 on one end side to input the raw material, the compost unloading unit 18 on the other end side where the compost is unloaded, the rotary stirrer 12, the building 20 and the like are configured.

The fermenter 14 has a long groove shape made of concrete on which the organic matter (raw material, sawdust, etc.) 5 to be fermented is deposited. The fermenter 14 is provided with rails 26 and 26 fixed along the longitudinal direction of the fermenter 14, and a rotary stirrer 12 described later is mounted on the rails 26 and 26.
Further, the fermenter 14 is provided with an air pressure device 7, supplying warm air to the organic matter 5 deposited inside the fermenter 14, evaporating moisture from the organic matter 5 to lower the moisture content, and removing the organic matter 5. Aerobic to promote aerobic fermentation.
The supply duct 29 for supplying hot air to the fermenter 14 is supplied with hot air that has been air-conditioned by supplying air to the supply duct 29 from the outside by an air conditioner 30. The warm air is sent out from the air conditioner 30 to the supply duct 29 at a predetermined pressure by the blower 32.

  In the raw material input unit 16, the raw material is input to the fermenter 14. In addition to raw materials, moisture adjusting materials such as sawdust, rice straw, rice husks, and dry compost are added and supplied as needed.

In the compost carrying-out part 18, the organic matter 5 that has been fermented is carried out as compost. This unloading is directly unloaded from the fermenter 14 by a shovel car or the like.
The rotary stirrer 12 is installed on the fermenter 14 so as to be able to travel, and mainly includes a gantry 28, a stirring rotor 24, a travel drive device 52, and the like, as shown in FIG.

The gantry 28 has wheels 27 that are engaged with the rails 26, 26 at the lower portion thereof, so that the gantry 28 is provided so as to be able to travel along the rails 26.
A stirring rotor 24 is rotatably mounted on the gantry 28. The stirring rotor 24 is formed in a cylindrical shape that is formed to be approximately the same width as the full width of the fermenter 14, and a plurality of stirring blades 22 are attached to the surface thereof at predetermined intervals, as shown in FIG. Is arranged.

  A motor 25 that rotationally drives the stirring rotor 24 is mounted on the gantry 28. When the motor 25 is driven, a driving force is transmitted to the stirring rotor 24 via a reduction mechanism (not shown). The stirring rotor 24 rotates around the cylindrical axis of the stirring rotor 24. The prime mover 25 is provided with an inverter control device (not shown), and the rotational speed of the prime mover 25 is controlled by the inverter control device. In particular, at the start of stirring, that is, when the rotation of the stirring rotor 24 is started, the inverter control device controls the speed of the stirring rotor 24 at a low speed relative to the prime mover 25, and gradually increases the speed of the stirring rotor 24. Is made.

The traveling drive device 52 includes a prime mover 53, a timing belt 56, and the like, and these are mounted on the gantry 28 along with the stirring rotor 24.
The prime mover 53 has a drive wheel 54, and by driving the prime mover 53, the drive wheel 54 is rotationally driven by a built-in reduction gear (not shown). One endless timing belt 56 is wound around the drive wheel 54, and the other is wound around a timing gear 58 coaxially fixed to the wheel 27.

  The prime mover 53 is provided with a travel control device (not shown), and the rotational speed of the prime mover 53 is controlled by the travel control device. The rotary agitator 12 self-travels by rotating the wheels 27 by the travel drive device 52, and the travel speed is controlled by the travel control device.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the building 20 is configured by covering the entire top of the fermenter 14 with a hood, etc., avoiding rainwater, keeping the fermenter 14 warm, and preventing bad odor air from coming out. It is what you want to do.

  When the rotary stirrer 12 is operated, the organic matter 5 accumulated in the fermenter 14 is scooped up by the stirring blades 22, lifted up above the fermenter 14, and dropped. Thereby, the lump of the organic substance is uniformly mixed while being broken into small pieces, and the organic substance 5 is imparted with air permeability suitable for aerobic fermentation. Moreover, the rotary stirrer 12 is run on the fermenter 14 between the fertilizer carry-out unit 18 and the raw material input unit 16 by the travel drive device 52, and the organic matter 5 in the entire fermenter 14 can be stirred by the stirring rotor 24.

  That is, the rotary stirrer 12 in which a large number of stirring blades 22 are arranged with respect to the organic matter 5 deposited in the horizontal direction of the fermenter 1 is rotated clockwise, for example, and stirred while the organic matter 5 is conveyed backward by the stirring blades 22. Then, it travels in the horizontal direction from the compost carry-out part side toward the raw material input part. The rotary stirrer 12 that has reached the raw material charging unit side is pulled up from the deposited layer with the organic matter 5, returns to the compost carrying unit side again, and waits for the next stirring / running. Usually, the stirring and running by the rotary stirrer 3 is performed once or several times a day, and this is repeated every day.

  The organic matter 5 sequentially moves over time from the raw material input side to the compost discharge side while being agitated for each agitation / running of the rotary agitator 3. The movement distance of the organic matter for each time is approximately similar to the outer shape of the stirring blade 22 of the rotary stirrer 12. In the fermentation part, the organic matter 5 stays for a predetermined number of days while receiving the above stirring and movement, so that the aerobic fermentation decomposition gradually proceeds, and the fully-ripened organic matter 5 is carried out as compost from the compost carrying-out part. (See Patent Document 1).

By the way, in order to make fermentation by aerobic microorganisms uniformly in such a composting facility, in addition to normal uniform stirring, only a specific part of the deposited organic matter where the progress of fermentation is delayed is stirred. Need to do.
In such a case, conventionally, the rotary stirrer 12 is moved to the specific portion, and the stirrer 12 is lowered at that position to perform stirring.

That is, FIGS. 5A to 5D are side views schematically showing the stirring operation by the stirrer.
As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B, in normal stirring, the accumulated organic matter 5 is stirred up from the compost carrying side, that is, from the place where the deposition thickness is thin, and stirred, so an excessive load acts on the stirrer 12. There is nothing. However, when partial stirring is performed as shown in FIGS. 5C and 5D, the rotary agitator 12 once pulled up is stirred while being lowered onto the organic material 5 deposited to a predetermined thickness. Resistance becomes large.
However, in the conventional stirrer 12, the operation control for partial stirring is only to move the stirrer 12 up and down. Therefore, if the stirrer is lowered on the accumulated organic matter, an excessive burden is placed on the motor that rotates the stirring blade 4. It takes. Further, in the conventional operation control, when the motor stops, control is performed such that the portion is retracted and advanced, so as long as such control is performed, partial stirring cannot be performed.
JP 2004-51395 A

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and its purpose is to use a small motor as a drive source for a stirrer in a composting facility at any place without overloading. It is to obtain a compost that has been uniformly fermented and matured by allowing stirring freely.

The invention of claim 1 is a method for controlling the partial mixing of compost in a composting facility, the step of disposing the stirrer on a first predetermined position of the compost in the composting facility, A first lowering step of stirring, a second lowering step of lowering the stirrer and simultaneously traveling toward one side of the composting facility, toward the second predetermined position when the stirrer reaches the lowest position A moving step,
In the first stirring step, when the load of the motor that drives the stirring means of the stirrer exceeds a predetermined value, the stirrer is raised and then lowered again, and in the second lowering step, the stirrer When the load of the motor for driving the agitation means exceeds a predetermined value, the agitator is stopped and then moved downward and traveled, or is controlled for a predetermined time and then restarted.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the compost partial stirring control method in the composting facility according to the first aspect, after the stirrer has reached the second predetermined position, the rotation of the stirring blade is reversed and the first stirrer is rotated. And a step of moving the stirrer that has reached the first position.
The invention of claim 3 is the compost partial stirring control method in the composting facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the load of the motor is a motor drive current.

According to the present invention, when partial stirring is performed, an overload is not applied to the drive motor as in the prior art, so that only necessary portions can be freely stirred.
The leveling work is performed by leveling the load on the motor below a certain level.
As a result, in a composting facility, any place can be stirred according to the degree of fermentation and ripening. In addition, since a local load is not generated, the stirring operation can be performed with a small motor.

Next, a preferred embodiment of a method of operating a stirrer that enables partial stirring of organic matter in a composting facility will be described.
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a partial stirring method using a rotary stirrer 12, FIG. 2A is a diagram schematically showing an operation locus of the rotary stirrer 12, and FIG. 2B is a movement of the rotary stirrer 12. It is the figure which showed a mode that it does.
Since the rotary stirrer 12 and other configurations are not particularly different from the conventional ones already described, description thereof is omitted here.
As described above, when the stirring rotor 24 is driven to rotate, the rotary stirrer 12 scoops up the organic matter 5 accumulated in the fermenter 14 with the stirring blade 22, and transports the organic matter 5 backward by the stirring blade 4. While stirring, it travels in the horizontal direction from the compost unloading part to the raw material charging part. When the rotary stirrer 12 reaches the raw material input part side, it is pulled up from the layer of organic matter 5 and returns to the compost carry-out part side again, and waits for the next stirring / running.

If a part of the organic matter accumulated in the composting facility is delayed in fermentation by a known means such as temperature or odor detector, the part is stirred and aerobic microorganisms In order to advance the fermentation, the rotary stirrer 12 is moved to that location and partial stirring is performed.
In such a case, the control means (not shown) for controlling the operation of the rotary agitator 12 automatically designates the location by specifying the location, or the operator inputs the location by the input means, thereby designating the rotary agitator 12. Move to the location. That is, the rotary stirrer 12 as a whole is raised or its stirring blade 22 is raised to a position where the stirring blade 22 does not contact the deposited organic matter 5, and the rotary stirrer 12 is designated in that state. To move.
That is, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2A, when the designated place partially agitates the portion of the A block extending over the third address and the fourth address, the rotary agitator 12 is as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2B. And then move to a designated position, that is, a partial stirring start point.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2A, the rotary blade 22 of the rotary stirrer 12 is lowered while rotating at the start point, and at the same time, the control means monitors the drive current of the motor that drives the rotary blade 22. .
When the rotary vane 22 of the rotary stirrer 12 is lowered while stirring the 5 layers of the organic matter deposited, the rotary vane 22 comes into contact with the organic matter 5 deposited, and when this is scraped, It is deposited on the organic matter 5 that has already been deposited. At this time, the rotary blade 22 acts so as to move the entire organic matter 5 below the rotary blade 22, so that a large load is applied to the rotary blade 22. As a result, an overcurrent flows through the drive motor due to the load of the organic matter 5 acting on the rotary blade 22. Here, the overcurrent refers to, for example, a current when 125% or more of the motor rated current continues for 0.2 seconds. When the control means detects this overcurrent, the rotary stirrer 12 is turned on for the next 5 seconds. The motor is lifted to release the motor load and then lowered.

  For example, when this operation is repeated four times, the rotary stirrer 12 penetrates into the organic matter to a certain depth. From that stage, the rotary stirrer 12 is moved down for 2 seconds and run for 30 seconds. Repeat until the falling edge is detected. That is, the current is not moved to the motor by lowering the literary agitator 12 slightly. If an overcurrent is detected during this descent or running, the rotary agitator is stopped and then descent and running are performed, or the descent or movement is stopped for 5 seconds and then restarted.

After the rotary blades 22 of the rotary stirrer 12 reach the descending end while repeating such movement, the rotary blades 22 are rotated to the target place as usual, in this case, from the third address to the fourth address. While stirring.
When the stirring to the target position, that is, No. 4, is completed, the rotary stirrer 12 stops at the destination point for 1.5 minutes, and then reversely travels to the start point while rotating the rotary blade 22 backward. Returning to the starting position while returning 5 to the original position, it is raised there, stops at its rising end, and waits for the next stirring operation (FIG. 2A). Alternatively, the vehicle returns to the home position after being stopped (FIG. 1). In this way, the partial stirring of the organic substance 5 is completed.

  According to this embodiment, the current flowing through the motor is monitored while the rotary agitator 12 is lowered or lowered and advanced at a predetermined location, and when the overcurrent is detected, the motor is temporarily stopped to remove the load. Or, since it is lowered or lowered and moved again after being reduced, an excessive load does not act on the motor of the rotary agitator 12, and even if a relatively small motor is used, the motor is overloaded. Since it can prevent, partial stirring can be performed.

It is a figure explaining the partial stirring control method using the rotary stirrer which concerns on embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2A is a diagram schematically illustrating an operation trajectory of the rotary stirrer 12, and FIG. 2B is a diagram schematically illustrating how the rotary stirrer 12 moves. . Side view showing schematic configuration of composting equipment using conventional rotary stirrer It is a side view of the conventional rotary stirrer. It is a side view which shows typically the stirring operation by the conventional stirrer.

Explanation of symbols

5 ... organic matter (compost), 10 ... composting equipment, 12 ... rotary stirrer, 14 ... fermenter, 16 ... raw material input part, 18 ... compost carry-out part, 22 ...・ Agitating blade, 24... Stirring rotor, 52.

Claims (3)

A method for controlling partial stirring of compost in a composting facility,
Placing a stirrer on a first predetermined position of compost in a composting facility;
A first descending step of lowering the agitator and stirring the compost;
A second descending step of lowering the agitator and simultaneously running toward one side of the composting facility;
Moving the stirrer toward a second predetermined position when the stirrer reaches a lowermost position;
Have
In the first stirring step, when the load of the motor that drives the stirring means of the stirrer exceeds a predetermined value, the stirrer is raised and then lowered again, and in the second lowering step, the stirrer Compost in a composting facility characterized in that when the load of a motor that drives the agitation means exceeds a predetermined value, the agitator is stopped and then lowered and traveled, or controlled for a predetermined time and then restarted Partial stirring control method. In the method for controlling partial stirring of compost in the composting facility according to claim 1,
After the stirrer has reached the second predetermined position, the rotation of the stirring blade is reversed and moved toward the first predetermined position;
Lifting the stirrer that has reached the first position;
A method for controlling the partial agitation of compost in a composting facility. In the partial stirring control method of the compost in the composting facility according to claim 1 or 2,
The method for controlling partial agitation of compost in a composting facility, wherein the load of the motor is a motor drive current

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