JP2006282445A - Fermentation treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce the installation cost and time of a device for detecting idling; and to provide a fermentation treatment apparatus in which the total working time can be shortened by automatically removing a compost material by a lifting device. <P>SOLUTION: In the fermentation treatment apparatus for compost, which has an agitation means of a compost agitating device on a stand device having wheels, when the idling of wheels of the stand device is detected by a rotation detecting means attached to a driven wheel for detecting idling of the stand device, a driving means is stopped. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a compost fermentation treatment apparatus, and more particularly to a compost fermentation treatment apparatus that uses agricultural organic excrement such as livestock excrement and daily excrement such as garbage.

  Conventionally, the main material of compost was agricultural organic excrement such as animal manure. However, recently, it has become difficult to incinerate food waste such as food residue, and the recognition of recycling has increased. Combining raw garbage with agricultural organic waste is composted. Further, solving the problems of bad odor and sewage during compost production has become a major issue, and further, the demand for compost quality has become strict due to advances in agricultural technology.

  The compost production process is generally a method in which compost materials are crushed and mixed to adjust moisture and density, fermented in a fermentor, and then cured for a predetermined time to become a product. Various fermentation treatment apparatuses have been proposed in order to respond to environmental problems and quality requirements. Among them, a scoop type apparatus is widely used as an example of an efficient fermentation treatment apparatus.

  This scoop-type fermentation treatment device includes a gantry device that moves along the longitudinal direction of the fermenter and a compost stirring device that stirs compost material upward and drops it. The gantry device reciprocates by moving the gantry device by a gantry driving motor along a rail fixed in the longitudinal direction of the fermenter. The compost stirring device rotates a lifting device including a large number of fixed scoop brackets along an endless rotating body, obliquely upward, by a lifting drive motor.

  However, since the recent compost material mixed with the food residue as described above contains a large amount of polysaccharides, the compost material obtained by pulverizing and mixing these is highly viscous and tends to be a baby boom. For this reason, the lifting device of the compost stirring device is highly viscous, and when the compost material that has become a very large nodule is entangled with the scoop bracket, the lifting drive motor is overloaded and difficult to rotate. At the same time, the pedestal drive motor is also overloaded. For this reason, the drive wheels of the gantry device run idle on the rails, making it difficult for the pedestal drive motor to run on its own.

  It is known that due to this overload, the lifting drive motor and the gantry moving motor will fail, and if the idling continues, the running surface of the rail will be damaged and the driving wheels will be abnormally worn. Conventionally, when an overload occurs in the gantry moving motor, as a method of detecting that, a detector is attached to the axle integrated with the drive wheel, a detector is attached to the driven wheel, and the rotation of the idle wheel is detected by the detector. An idling detection device that detects idling of a driving wheel is known (see Patent Document 1).

  As another detection method, the first rotation detector that detects the rotation speed of the drive wheel and the second rotation detector that detects the rotation speed of the driven wheel, respectively, according to the deviation of the detected rotation speed, the drive wheel There is known a driving force control device that detects idling of the motor (see Patent Document 2). In this compost stirring device, the idling of the drive wheel is detected by these detection methods, and after stopping the drive motor of the gantry device, a large nodule of compost material that is the cause of overload is manually removed.

Thus, since the conventional idling detection device for the drive wheel is provided with the detectors and the like on both the drive wheel and the driven wheel, the cost of the installed detector, the cost of the control circuit, and the like Costs and installation time are required due to the adjustment of the installation. Furthermore, the labor and operation time of the operator who operates the lifting apparatus are required to remove the compost material which is highly viscous and is very large in the scoop bracket.
Published Utility Model Showa 57-90302 Published Utility Model Showa 63-21404

  Therefore, the object of the present invention is to reduce the installation cost and the installation time of the above-described idling detection apparatus, and the fermentation process that reduces the overall work time by automatically removing the compost material by the lifting device. Is to provide a device.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the invention of claim 1 is a compost fermentation processing apparatus provided with a stirring means of a compost stirring apparatus on a mounting apparatus having wheels, and a rotation installed on an idling detection driven wheel of the mounting apparatus. When the detecting means detects that the wheel of the gantry device is idle, the driving means is stopped.
The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that in the compost fermentation processing apparatus according to claim 1, there is provided a vertical movement drive means for moving the compost stirring apparatus up and down after the drive means is stopped.
A third aspect of the present invention is the compost fermentation processing apparatus according to the second aspect, further comprising a control computer for controlling the driving means, the agitation means, and the vertical movement driving means by the idling signal of the rotation detecting means. And
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the compost fermentation processing apparatus according to the third aspect, wherein the control computer is configured to stop the driving unit in response to an idling signal from the rotation detecting unit, and the vertical movement driving control. It is characterized by having vertical movement drive control means for moving the means up and down, stop control means for stopping the vertical movement drive control means by a predetermined number of vertical movements, and start control means for starting the drive means.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a main part of a scoop type fermentation treatment apparatus. FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the operation of the scoop fermentation treatment apparatus when the scoop fermentation treatment apparatus agitates the compost material. FIG. 3 is an enlarged detail view of the idling detector. FIG. 4 is a control block diagram of a computer for controlling the scoop type fermentation treatment apparatus. FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of the control computer.

  1 embodiment of this invention is described according to the schematic block diagram of the principal part of the scoop-type fermentation processing apparatus 20 of FIG. The fermenter 30 is a processing tank for performing the fermentation process by introducing the compost raw material 14 adjusted to the moisture and density suitable for the fermentation temperature in the composting crushing and mixing process, and the scoop-type fermentation processing tank is In order to perform stirring automatically by the mobile compost stirring device 5 described later, the compost stirring device 5 has a length and width sufficient for reciprocal travel, and the compost material does not spill out of the tank during stirring. It is formed to the proper depth.

  The scoop type fermentation treatment apparatus 20 includes a gantry apparatus 1 that moves along the longitudinal direction of the fermenter, a compost stirring apparatus 5 that stirs compost material upward and drops, and a lifting apparatus 7 that is lifted by a rope or chain 12. Or a winch 10 to be lowered. The gantry device 1 reciprocates and reciprocates along a traveling rail 13 fixed in the longitudinal direction of the fermenter by a gantry driving motor 2 that drives the driving wheels 3 of the gantry device 1. On the rear side, driven wheels 4 are installed.

  The compost stirring device 5 includes a lifting device 7 and a lifting drive motor 6. The lifting device 7 is provided with a number of fixed scoop brackets 9 along an endless rotating body 8 obliquely upward, and is rotated by the drive motor 6. Thereby, the said compost stirring apparatus 5 scoops up the compost raw material 14, moving in the longitudinal direction of the fermenter 30, and stirs it diagonally upward and drops it.

  Thus, the compost stirring device 5 moves from the fertilizer discharge side 1b of the fermenter 30 toward the input side 1a of the compost material 30 while dropping the compost raw material 14 scooped up by the scoop placket 9 of the lifting device 7. Thus, the compost material 30 in the fermenter 30 is agitated, and the compost material 30 is brought into contact with air to promote aerobic fermentation by aerobic bacteria. The winch 10 raises or lowers the lifting device 7 connected by the rope 12 by the winch drive motor 11.

  Also, the compost agitation work by the compost agitator 5 is one to several cycles per day with one cycle from the compost discharge side 1b (rear part) to the ferment raw material 14 input side 1a (front part). It is done repeatedly. In order for the compost stirring device 5 to reach the inlet side 1a and perform the stirring operation again, the rope 12 is wound up by the winch drive motor 11 and returned to return the compost stirring device 5 to the end of the discharge port side 1b. The lower end of the apparatus 7 is pulled upward, the gantry drive motor 2 is reversed, and the apparatus 7 is automatically operated to the discharge port side 1b.

  The schematic block diagram which shows operation | movement of the scoop type fermentation processing apparatus 20 at the time of the scoop type fermentation processing apparatus 20 of FIG. 2 stirring the compost raw material 14 is demonstrated. The scoop type fermentation treatment apparatus 20 moves toward the input port side 1 a by rotating the driving wheel 3 by the gantry driving motor 2 while stirring the compost raw material 14 by the compost stirring apparatus 5. While being moved in the longitudinal direction by the gantry device 1, the lifting device 7 provided at the rear of the gantry device 1 scoops up the compost raw material 14 with a number of fixed scoop brackets 9 obliquely upward, and stirs it diagonally upward. To drop.

  However, as described above, since the recent compost raw material 14 contains a large amount of polysaccharides, the composting material obtained by kneading and stirring these has high viscosity and tends to be a baby boom. If the compost raw material 14 which is high and becomes a very large nodule is entangled with the scoop bracket 9, the compost raw material 14 cannot be scooped up, and the compost raw material 14 becomes an obstacle to the forward movement of the gantry device 1 and overloads the gantry drive motor 2. It takes. For this reason, the drive wheels 3 of the gantry device 1 are idle on the rails, making it difficult to run on their own. Reference numeral 3-1 in the figure denotes an idle detection driven wheel.

  In the enlarged detail view of the idling detector in FIG. 3, an idling detection driven wheel 3-1 is provided on the right side of the drive wheel 3. The idling detection driven wheel 3-1 supports the axis of the idling detection driven wheel 3-1 via a rotation shaft 3-4 of a bracket 3-3 installed at a tilting portion of the gantry in front of the gantry device 1. The support rod 3-5 is provided.

  Reference numeral 3-6 represents a spring, and the spring 3-6 is for grounding the idling detection driven wheel 3-1 to the traveling rail 13. Reference numeral 3-2 denotes a rotation detector. In this embodiment, the rotation detector is installed on an attachment rod attached to a support rod 3-5. On the other hand, a cross-shaped mounting plate 3-2a for mounting a magnet is mounted on the driven wheel 3-1, and a magnet is provided on the cross head. When a magnet approaches the rotation detector 3-2, a magnetic flux change occurs, and the presence or absence of rotation can be detected by capturing the magnetic flux change. In addition, although the example which detects by the change of magnetic flux was shown as the rotation detector 3-2, it is not limited to this, For example, the said idling detection driven wheels 3-1, such as a rotary encoder and a capacitance type, are used. Any device that can detect rotation can be used.

  A control block diagram of the control computer of the scoop type fermentation treatment apparatus of FIG. 4 will be described. The control computer 40 manages on / off control, rotational speed control, and overall control of these motors for the gantry drive motor 2, the lift drive motor 6 and the winch drive motor 11. When the idling detector 3-2 detects idling of the drive wheel 3 and transfers an idling signal to the control computer 40, the control computer 40, based on the signal, the gantry drive motor 2, the lifting drive motor 6, and Control such as on / off control of the winch drive motor 11 and rotation speed control is performed.

  The scoop type fermentation treatment apparatus has been described as including three types of drive motors, the gantry drive motor 2, the lift drive motor 6, and the winch drive motor 11, but the gantry device is composed of only one drive motor. 1. The power of the compost stirring device 5 and the winch 10 may be transmitted. In that case, it can be implemented by providing a mechanism such as a clutch or a transmission gear between one drive motor and these devices. For example, when an idling detection signal is input to the control computer 40, the control computer 40 may perform control to disengage the clutch of the gantry device 1 and control to connect the clutch of the winch 10. The above-described means for driving the gantry device 1, the compost stirring device 5, and the winch 10 are hereinafter referred to as “driving means”, “stirring means”, and “vertical movement driving means”, respectively.

  The processing procedure of the control computer will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. When the idling detector 3-2 receives the idling signal when the idling detector 3-2 detects idling of the driving wheel 3 (S1), the control computer 40 stops the gantry driving motor 2 (S2) and stops the gantry device 1 from self-running. . Then, the rotational speed of the lift drive motor 6 is controlled to a low speed (S3), and the winch drive motor 11 is started (S4) to raise the lift device 7. Here, the reason why the rotational speed of the lift drive motor 6 is lowered is to increase the rotational torque so that the compost raw material 14 that becomes the nodules can be easily removed.

  When the lifting device 7 moves up, the control computer 40 receives the rotation speed of the winch drive motor 11 counted by the rotation detector provided in the winch drive motor 11 (S5). When the received number of revolutions reaches a predetermined number of revolutions, the winch drive motor 11 is reversely rotated (S6), thereby lowering the lifting device 7 (S7). Next, the control computer 40 receives the reverse rotation number of the winch drive motor 11 counted by the detector (S8). When the received reverse rotation speed reaches a predetermined reverse rotation speed, the winch drive motor 11 is stopped and the lifting device 7 is returned to the original position (S9). In this state, the rotational speed of the lift drive motor 6 is switched from the low speed to the normal speed (S10). Then, by starting the gantry driving motor 2 (S11), the gantry driving motor 2 returns to the normal control state before stopping.

  By the way, the processing procedures of S1 and S2 described above are referred to as “stop control means”, the processing procedures of S3 and S8 are referred to as “vertical movement drive control means”, and the processing procedures of S9 and S10 are referred to as “stop control means”. And S17 is referred to as “starting control means”.

  In the description of the flowchart, the lifting and lowering control of the lifting device 7 is described as one time in the lifting control of the lifting device 7 in S4 and the lowering control of the lifting device 7 in S7. Two or more ascent and descent controls may be used. The number of times can be arbitrarily set according to the sticky state of the compost raw material 14. Moreover, although it demonstrated as what controls the rotational speed of the drive motor 6 to low speed by S3, this rotational speed can also set the rotational speed arbitrarily according to the sticky condition of the compost raw material 14. .

  And as said embodiment, although the compost stirring apparatus 5 was demonstrated as a scoop type, it is not limited to this, As a stirring apparatus used for a horizontal type fermenter, a paddle type, a rotary type, an August type, A screw type or the like is known, but these methods can be employed in the fermentation treatment apparatus of the present invention.

  Furthermore, in the description of the flowchart of the control computer 40, a series of processing procedures from the stop to the start of the gantry driving motor 2 has been described as the processing procedure of the control computer 40. For example, the drive means included in the control computer 40 The clutch 10 or the stop control means can be implemented as a means for stopping the suspension, and the compost fermentation treatment apparatus 20 of the present invention detects the idle rotation of the idle detection driven wheel 3-1 of the gantry apparatus 1. When it is done, the subject of this invention is achieved by the structure which stops the said drive means.

  Conventionally, the driving wheel and the driven wheel were detected by detecting the idling of the driving wheel by providing the detector and the detection body, or the first rotation detector and the second rotation detector, but the compost fermentation process of the present invention The device 20 has a configuration that stops the driving means of the gantry device 1 when the idling of the idling detection driven wheel 3-1 is detected by the rotation detecting means 3-2. The cost of the control circuit and the work of adjusting the installation thereof are greatly reduced.

  Moreover, although the situation where the running surface of the rail is damaged or the driving wheel is abnormally worn occurs when idling continues, the compost fermentation treatment apparatus 20 of the present invention automatically stops the driving wheel when idling is detected. As a result, it is possible to prevent the running surface of the rail from being damaged and the drive wheels from being abnormally worn.

  Furthermore, conventionally, in order to remove the compost material that has become a very large nodule, the labor and operation time of the operator operating the lifting device has been required, but the compost fermentation treatment device 20 of the present invention is a winch 10. By having the control computer for controlling the operation, the operation of removing the compost material is automatically performed, so that the labor and operation time of the operator who operates the winch 10 is not required. Since the control computer 40 automatically performs everything from the stop to the start of the driving means based on idling detection, the overall work time can be reduced.

It is a schematic block diagram of the principal part of a scoop type fermentation processing apparatus. It is a schematic block diagram which shows operation | movement of a scoop type fermentation processing apparatus when a scoop type fermentation processing apparatus stirs compost material. It is an enlarged detail drawing of an idling detector. It is a control block diagram of the computer for control of a scoop type fermentation processing apparatus. It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence of the computer for control.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Mount apparatus, 2 ... Mount drive motor, 3 ... Drive wheel, 3-1 ... Idling detection follower wheel, 3-2 ... Rotation detector, 4 ... Follower wheel, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 5 ... Compost stirring apparatus, 6 ... Lifting drive motor, 7 ... Lifting apparatus, 8 ... Rotating body, 9 ... Scoop bracket, 10 ... Winches, 11 ... Winches Drive motor, 12 ... rope, 13 ... traveling rail, 14 ... compost material, 20 ... scoop-type fermentation treatment device, 30 ... fermenter, 40 ... control computer.

Claims (4)

In the compost fermentation treatment apparatus provided with the stirring means of the compost stirring apparatus on the gantry device with wheels,
The compost fermentation treatment apparatus, wherein when the idling of the wheel of the gantry device is detected by the rotation detecting means installed on the idling detection driven wheel of the gantry device, the driving unit is stopped. In the compost fermentation processing device according to claim 1,
A compost fermentation processing apparatus comprising a vertical movement drive means for moving the compost stirring apparatus up and down after the drive means is stopped. In the compost fermentation processing device according to claim 2,
A compost fermentation processing apparatus, further comprising a control computer for controlling the drive means, the agitation means, and the up-and-down movement drive means by an idle signal of the rotation detection means. In the compost fermentation processing device according to claim 3,
The control computer includes stop control means for stopping the driving means in response to an idling signal from the rotation detecting means,
A vertical movement drive control means for moving the vertical movement drive control means up and down;
Stop control means for stopping the vertical movement drive control means by a predetermined number of vertical movements;
A compost fermentation treatment apparatus comprising start control means for starting the drive means.

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