JP6263679B2 - Organic waste composting apparatus and method - Google Patents

Description

    The present invention relates to food manufacturing industry, restaurant industry, food distribution industry

    Every year, organic waste, garbage, and food production by-products are generated in large quantities from the food manufacturing industry, restaurant industry, food distribution industry, and the like. For example, vegetable scraps, fish scraps, meat scraps, food waste such as leftovers, and by-products such as okara and sake lees are produced. Conventionally, these organic wastes are often incinerated or landfilled. However, the cost of incineration equipment is high and there is also a problem with dioxins. There are environmental problems such as location, odor and sewage in landfill.

The present invention has been made in view of such a background, and by programming conditions for decomposing organic components in organic waste and garbage and collecting and managing progress data, it is highly efficient. by short time volume reduction or disappear, in the region and labor equipment space, in which that you develop a method of processing organic waste and garbage and technical challenges.

    By using a vertical rotary endless circulation type storage composting device, space saving, volume reduction by dewatering and swelling the input work pieces in advance, and managing the work process, the progress status and results are converted into data. Is a means to save space and improve efficiency as computer processing.

      It is possible to easily install small-scale processing facilities such as residues before market shipment of general vegetable producers, food residues from the food service industry, and household food residues.

Composting equipment flow chart Overall view Equipment front view Material supply and cutting dewatering mechanism diagram Cutting conveyor diagram Compost tank agitation / air supply mechanism diagram Compost agitation / discharge pattern Fermentation and compost status data collection sensor movable diagram Conveyor scale for manure discharge control

(Invention 1) A plurality of composting tanks (14) for composting an object to be processed consisting of raw garbage and organic waste are provided in the main body of the vertical rotary storage device, and these composting tanks (14) extend vertically. In the mechanism that is attached to the endless drive mechanism that circulates and goes up and down, the means for setting the intermediate position on the front surface of the endless drive mechanism to the input position of the unprocessed material and the additive for adjusting the ph value and the inside of each compost tank (14) are covered. A ribbon screw blade (33) for stirring and flowing the processed material is provided, and driving wheels (15) are provided at both ends of a hollow shaft (32) for driving the ribbon screw blade, and a seesaw system is provided at the lowest position of the endless drive mechanism. The ribbon screw by the drive mechanism (18) is rotated, and at the same time, the hollow shaft by the venturi mixing eductor nozzle is used as an air forced insertion tube. The air outlet is forced to insert air, the bottom plate (41) of the compost tank (14) is a perforated plate punching metal, the air is always taken as a natural vent and aerobic fermentation, the uppermost position of the endless drive mechanism is Means to detect progress data such as temperature, moisture concentration, ph value, oxygen concentration, etc. of the processing object as the sensor position for collecting progress data of the processing object, and to automatically control the operation based on the recorded data Is a vertical rotary storage composting apparatus characterized in that it is in a fermentation standby position.

( Invention 2) In the compost tank (14), the processed material in the course of fermentation is collected, recorded and recorded by the endless drive mechanism sequentially with the sensors shown in FIG. 8 for temperature, moisture concentration, ph value and oxygen concentration. Processing according to the contents, for example, stirring operation, addition of hydration and ph value adjustment work, fertilization of unprocessed material if the material to be processed is fermented and the storage capacity of the compost tank (14) can be reduced The vertical rotary storage composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein re-inputting is a system that performs cumulative input by a program to increase the efficiency of composting, and a control sequence and numerical control for reducing the space of processing equipment.

(Invention 3) Raw garbage and organic waste of the object to be processed are introduced from the inlet, see FIG. 4, the object to be processed is received by the receiving hopper (1), see FIG. 5, cut by the cutting conveyor (2), and the tip Are cut with a fixed-size cutting blade (34, 35) and dehydrated and swollen with a screw conveyor to reduce the density to a high density, increasing the processing amount of the processed material and overloading the processed material into the composting tank (14) A vertical moving rotary storage compost according to claim 1, characterized in that a measuring tank (4) is provided at the screw conveyor discharge port in order to prevent waste, and the processing volume reduction and high-efficiency processing is performed as batch measurement storage. apparatus.

(Invention 4) Processing progress of the object to be processed so that the seesaw-type drive mechanism (18) is not buffered by the movement of the compost tank (14) in the fixed part adjacent to the lowermost position of the rotary part of the endless rotation drive mechanism. Depending on the situation, when any of the operations of stirring, forced air insertion and compost discharge becomes necessary, the compost tank (14) is guided to this position to transmit the stirring drive rotation power and the discharge mechanism power of the workpiece. 7. The transmission of the seesaw-type drive mechanism (18) is performed by the automatic controller according to claim 2 in the manner of the completed compost discharge pattern and compost stirring pattern shown in FIG. Since it is necessary to leave an earth slab compost base material necessary for fermentation of the next new object to be processed in the compost tank (14), a conveyor scale load cell (28 for measuring the instantaneous transport amount shown in FIG. 9 on the discharge conveyor) , Vertical rotary housing composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the conveyor scale belt speed sensor (29) and is provided leaving a specified amount and wherein the like to terminate the discharge operation.

(Invention 5) Refer to FIG. 6 in the composting tank (14), and in order to promote aerobic fermentation, a pipe with a bottom plate (41) perforated (punching metal) and a vent hole formed on the inner side surface is provided, When the intake of air by air convection from the lower layer to the upper layer of the compost tank is detected using the natural convection effect of the air due to the heat of fermentation at the time, the compost tank (14) Was moved to the position of the seesaw-type drive mechanism (18) according to claim 4, and forced air was forcedly inserted by the venturi mixing eductor nozzle (26) to open the tube of the stirring hollow shaft (32). The vertical rotary storage composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vertical rotating storage composting apparatus is forcibly inserted through the air feed hole, and simultaneously stirred and permeated into the compost tank (14) to promote aerobic fermentation.

1 receiving hopper 2 Zungiri cutting conveyor 3 swelling screw conveyor 4 added for adjusting the object to be treated and the ph value adjustment additive metering hopper 5 feeding hopper gate electric cylinder 6 the load cell 7 p h value adjusting additive input hopper 8 p h value Material loading screw conveyor 9 Dewatering reservoir 11 Drive sprocket for driving and rotating the processing tank 12 Drive chain 13 Processing tank suspension arm 14 Processing tank 15 Stirring driven wheel 16 Stirring driving wheel 17 Electric cylinder for opening and closing the discharge gate 18 Stirring and discharging device seesaw Mechanism 19 Stirring and Discharge Device Drive Motor 21 Sensor Elevating Electric Cylinder 23 Watering Control Watering Nozzle 24 Treatment Tank Rotation Movement Drive Motor 25 Blower 26 Venturi Mixing Eductor Blower Nozzle 27 Discharge Control Conveyor Scale 28 Conveyor Scale Load cell 29 conveyor scale belt speed sensor 30 processing tank position detection sensor 31 stirring blade drive motor 32 hollow shaft for stirring 33 ribbon screw blade for stirring 34 fixed blade for cutting 35 movable blade for cutting 39 cutting cutting conveyor Ratchet mechanism for inching 40A Feed pulley 40B Cutting pulley 41 Natural vent hole floor plate 42 Natural vent pipe 44 Stirring ribbon blade support arm

Claims (5)

A plurality of composting tanks (14) for composting raw materials and organic waste to be processed are provided in the vertical rotary storage device body, and these composting tanks (14) are endlessly driven to extend in the vertical direction. In the mechanism for circulating up and down attached to the mechanism , means for setting the front intermediate position of the endless drive mechanism to the input position of the unprocessed material and the additive for adjusting the ph value, stirring of the processing object inside each compost tank (14) A ribbon screw blade for flow (33) is provided, drive wheels (15) are provided at both ends of the hollow shaft (32) for driving the ribbon screw blade, and a seesaw drive mechanism (18) is provided at the lowest position of the endless drive mechanism. ) a hollow shaft according to the venturi mixing eductor nozzles simultaneously rotate those the ribbon screw that by the the air forced insertion tube, air jet port to the hollow shaft tube at the same time Means for forced insertion of dawn air, means for making aerobic fermentation by always inhaling the bottom plate (41) of the compost tank (14) as a perforated plate punching metal, and aerobic fermentation, the uppermost position of the endless drive mechanism is the object to be processed temperature of the object to be processed as a sensor location for the progress data collection, water concentration, ph value, by detecting the progress data such as oxygen concentration, means for automatic operation control based on the records and data, other positions the fermentation vertical rotary housing composting apparatus is characterized in that a standby position. In the composting tank (14) , the endless drive mechanism sequentially detects the progress data collection, recording and contents of temperature, moisture concentration, ph value and oxygen concentration by the sensor, see FIG. Additives for adjusting the value, composting by subjecting the processed material to fermentation and reducing the volume of the composting tank (14) so that the storage capacity of the composting tank (14) is sufficient, and the unprocessed material is re-inputted by cumulative input. The vertical rotary storage composting apparatus according to claim 1, which is a system for performing a control sequence and a numerical control for improving the efficiency of the processing and saving the space of the processing equipment. The excised by garbage and organic waste throw input is 4 referred from projecting entrance of the object, the reference receiving FIG 5 in the hopper (1) receiving an object to be processed, cut the conveyor (2), the tip sizing are compacted at high density subjected to de Mizu膨 Jun processed by the screw conveyor is cut by the cutting blade (34, 35) over to the composting tank throughput up及 beauty treatment object of the object to be treated (14) measuring tank to meniscus clew conveyor discharge port prevent loading (4) provided, the vertical movement rotates according to claim 1, characterized in that the processing of the workpiece volume reduction and high efficiency as a batch weighing housing Type storage composting equipment. As shown in FIG. 3, the seesaw type drive mechanism (18) is agitated in accordance with the processing progress of the workpiece so as not to be buffered by the movement of the compost tank (14) in the fixed part adjacent to the lowermost position of the rotary part of the endless rotation drive mechanism. When any of the operations of forced air insertion and compost discharge is required, the compost tank (14) is guided to this position to transmit the agitation drive rotation power and the transmission mechanism power of the object to be processed. The seesaw type drive mechanism (18) is controlled by position control and reversal expansion / contraction control by the system according to claim 2 in the manner of the reference complete compost discharge pattern and compost stirring pattern, and in the complete compost discharge compost tank (14) In addition, since it is necessary to leave the earth slab compost base material necessary for the fermentation of the next new object to be processed, the conveyor scale load cell (28) for measuring the instantaneous transport amount shown in FIG. Vertical rotary housing composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein like to terminate the discharge work, leaving a predetermined amount provided Lumpur belt speed sensor (29). In the composting tank (14), see FIG. 6, in order to promote aerobic fermentation, the bottom plate (41) is a perforated plate (punching metal) and a pipe with a vent hole is provided on the inner side surface, and the heat of fermentation during compost fermentation uptake of air by air convection to the upper layer from the lower layer of the composting vessel by utilizing the natural convection effect of the air by, when detecting insufficient air based on advances Hakado data 請 Motomeko 2, wherein the composting vessel (14) It moves to the position of the seesaw type drive mechanism (18) described in Item 4, and forced air is forcibly inserted by the venturi mixing eductor nozzle (26), and the air sent to the tube of the stirring hollow shaft (32) The vertical rotary storage composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the vertical rotating storage composting apparatus is forcibly inserted from the insertion hole, and stirred at the same time so as to penetrate into the compost tank (14) on average to promote aerobic fermentation.

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