JP3703206B2 - Compost production equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing compost using a compost production tank, and more particularly to an apparatus for producing compost that promotes fermentation of compost by supplying air from a plurality of air supply pipes arranged inside the tank body.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved]
When producing compost using agricultural waste, etc., mix livestock waste that promotes fermentation of compost material and waste of vegetable vegetables with high moisture content, and regularly spray miscellaneous wastewater, etc. Has been done. In addition, in order to further promote the fermentation of compost, a means that promotes the growth of aerobic bacteria and microorganisms by supplying a large amount of air to the inside of the compost layer by periodically turning it over. Is used. However, in the case of using the conventional method for producing compost, in addition to requiring a relatively long time for compost fermentation, there is a problem that it requires a relatively large area and equipment for performing reversal, etc. It is desired to improve compost production efficiency.
[0003]
Therefore, in order to solve the above-described problems, for example, as shown in Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 5-22674, etc., compost is manufactured using a drum-shaped container. In the conventional compost manufacturing apparatus, a means for rotating around the axis of a drum provided horizontally is provided, and the compost material is turned back by a blade member arranged so as to protrude inside the drum. I have to. In the compost manufacturing apparatus using the drum, the compost manufacturing efficiency can be improved by periodically performing the operation of turning the compost back and supplying moisture or the like as necessary. Can be easily obtained.
[0004]
However, although the compost manufacturing apparatus using the conventional drum is easy to configure a relatively small apparatus, for example, in order to configure a large apparatus having a drum diameter of 3 m or more, the structure of the drum is used. There are still many problems that need to be solved in terms of strength. Also, the amount of compost material that can be accommodated inside the drum is limited because it is necessary to cut back the compost material inside the drum, mix the material so that the fermentation rate does not become uneven, and mix air There is a problem of being. Furthermore, when a large amount of compost is to be produced using a large number of drums, a very large facility is configured, and problems such as troublesome management of the compost production apparatus remain.
[0005]
The present invention solves the problem of the conventional compost production apparatus as described above, and a compost production apparatus is configured by arranging a large number of box-shaped compost production tanks, and each compost production tank is blown out with air. An air supply pipe having a large number of holes is arranged, air is supplied into the compost material from the air supply pipe, and a device capable of promoting compost fermentation is provided, and vibration is applied to the air supply pipe. It is an object of the present invention to provide a compost production apparatus that can attach an apparatus and promote an action of causing air to enter the compost material by vibrating an air supply pipe by the vibration exciter.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention relates to a compost manufacturing apparatus, and the invention of claim 1 is arranged in a tank body configured to maintain a sealed state by combining an upper plate, a side plate, and a bottom plate, and an upper portion of the tank body. An inlet having an openable and closable upper lid, a bottom plate configured as a lower member of the tank body, inclined so as to be squeezed from the side plate toward the outlet, a gate disposed at the outlet, and the bottom plate A vibration device for vibrating,
In order to supply air to the inside of the compost material accommodated in the tank body, an air supply pipe provided with a plurality of holes arranged substantially vertically, and an upper pipe in which each air supply pipe is arranged at the upper part of the tank body And a blower for supplying air to the upper pipe,
The upper ends of a large number of air supply pipes arranged vertically inside the tank body are supported by a support body having a vibration isolating function with respect to the upper member of the tank body, and vertically A vibrator is attached to the air supply pipe to be arranged, and vibrations by the vibrator are applied to the air supply pipe.
[0007]
In a second aspect of the present invention, a portion corresponding to the bottom plate of the tank body is configured as a heating chamber, and a heating device disposed in the heating chamber and heat of the heating device or the heating chamber are supplied toward the air supply pipe. It is characterized by providing a blower.
[0008]
Since the compost manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is configured as described above, the compost material is stored in the tank body configured in a substantially sealed state by using the entire volume of the tank to store the compost material. It is possible, and compost fermentation can be promoted by blowing air into the compost material from an air supply pipe. In addition, the tank is heated from the bottom by a heating device placed at the bottom of the tank body, and the activities of bacteria and microorganisms used for compost production are activated, and the heated air is blown into the compost from the air supply pipe. Thus, the activity of useful fungi and the like can be further increased. Furthermore, since the vibrator is attached to the air supply pipe arranged vertically inside the tank body, it acts to form a gap in the compost material by blowing the air and vibrating the air supply pipe, and is suitable for compost fermentation. It is possible to promote the growth of aerobic fungi and improve the production efficiency of compost. The air supply pipe provided with the vibrator is also used when discharging the compost from the tank, and acts to loosen the solidified compost by vibration, together with the operation of vibrating the bottom plate of the tank with a vibrator. The operation of discharging the compost from the tank can be easily performed.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The compost production apparatus of the present invention will be described according to the illustrated example. As shown in FIG. 1, the compost production apparatus 1 of the present invention has a large number of compost production tanks 10, 10 a... Arranged on a floor 2 inside a building, and is disposed above the compost production tank. Arranges a conveyor 5 for supplying compost material, and supplies it to each compost production tank using a branch input member 6. Moreover, the carry-out conveyor 7 is arrange | positioned in the lower part of the compost manufacturing tank, and the compost discharged | emitted from the discharge port of a tank main body is carried out out of a building using the said conveyor 7. FIG. In addition to raw or dried straw and grass, compost materials supplied to the compost production tank include materials such as leaves and grain stalks, vegetable scraps, livestock waste, poultry house waste, etc. Any material that can be used for composting can be used.
[0010]
And, when these materials are mixed properly, they are put into a compost production tank. When water is needed, water is sprinkled from above, and wastes such as fungi and sawdust that are useful for compost production are necessary. Depending on the above, it is possible to mix and use calcium components, inorganic materials such as zeolite and activated carbon. Moreover, the conveyor arrange | positioned above and below the said compost production layer 10 ... once discharges the compost in the state of the middle of fermentation from a tank in the middle of manufacture of a compost, and accumulate | stores it in another place with a carrying-out conveyor, After that, it is also used when turning the compost back by performing an operation of feeding from the upper part of the tank using a carry-in conveyor. Separately from the method as described above, the carry-out conveyor and the carry-in conveyor are connected, and the work at the bottom of the tank is put into the tank by extracting the one at the bottom of the tank, and the compost at the bottom of the tank is removed. In some cases, half the amount is inverted upside down to adjust the fermentation of the compost material inside the tank.
[0011]
The compost production tank 10 is configured as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, and the tank body 11 configured in a substantially box shape using a surface-treated iron plate or the like for preventing corrosion includes a plurality of input ports 20. , A side plate 13 arranged so as to surround the periphery, and bottom plates 14 and 14a arranged so as to be inclined. Further, a discharge port 15 is provided at the lower end of the bottom plate, and an openable / closable upper lid 21 is disposed at the input port 20 so that the inside of the tank body 11 can be set in a sealed state. Further, the gate 17 provided so as to close the discharge port 15 is opened and closed by a cylinder device 18, and a chute 16 is disposed below the gate 17 to guide the compost produced toward the conveyor 7. I have to. The bottom plates 14 and 14a of the tank body 11 are provided with vibration devices 49 and 49a, respectively. By operating the vibration device, vibration is applied to the bottom plate and the compost discharge action is exerted. I try to promote it.
[0012]
In addition to the above-described configuration, a sewage tank 8 that stores excess water that has exuded from the compost material is disposed at the lower part of the tank body, and the sewage that has exuded from the lower part of the tank body is stored in the temporary tank 8. In addition, if necessary, the water necessary for compost fermentation can be appropriately supplied by sending out using a pump and spraying it into the compost material from the upper part of the tank body. And since the sewage discharged | emitted from compost material can be used for compost | fermentation, with the effect | action which processes the air discharged | emitted from a tank main body, it contaminates an external environment so that it may demonstrate later. Can be prevented.
[0013]
Further, a heating chamber 27 that covers and surrounds the periphery of the tank body by vertical plate members 27a to 27c provided on the support frame 25 that supports the tank body 11 on the floor and a partition plate 26 that is disposed at the lower part of the tank body. A heating device 30 configured to supply hot air to the heating chamber 27 is arranged. Further, the heating chamber may be configured to cover only a portion corresponding to the bottom plate at the bottom of the tank so that the heating operation is performed on the bottom plate. Then, the tank is heated by the heat supplied from the heating device 30 through the periphery and the bottom plate, and heat is supplied to the compost material accommodated in the tank body so as to promote the action of the compost fermentation. As the heating device 30, any heating means such as any heating means such as an oil burner or a gas burner can be used, and the air sucked through the intake pipe 34 disposed at the upper part of the tank body is used. It can supply to the said heating apparatus and the process of exhaust_gas | exhaustion, such as a gas body produced | generated by compost fermentation, can also be performed. In the present embodiment, the air accumulated in the upper space of the tank body 11 is sent to the deodorizer 32 via the intake pipe 34 to remove the odor and then discharged to the outside. It is also possible to treat the exhaust exhausted during production using any means.
[0014]
Further, the air heated by the heating device 30 or the air heated in the heating chamber 27 is supplied to the upper portion of the tank body 11 by the fan 31 via the air supply pipe 33 to constitute the air injection system 40. It is configured to blow into the compost material from a hollow air supply pipe arranged in the tank body through a piping system that performs aerobic bacteria by supplying a large amount of air into the compost material. And promote the growth of microorganisms. In order to supply air into the compost material in the tank body 11, as shown in FIG. 4, a plurality of vertical air supply pipes 42, 42a,... A means for ejecting air into the tank from the hole 43 provided in the pipe is configured. In the example shown in FIG. 4, each air supply pipe 42... Has a vibrator 45, 45 a... Disposed at the lower end thereof, and air is discharged from the hole of the air supply pipe and pipes are provided by the vibrator. The action which vibrates is performed. Note that the vibrator is not limited to being disposed only at the lower end portion of the air supply pipe as shown in the figure, and in consideration of the vibration characteristics of the pipe and the like, an arbitrary position such as an intermediate portion of the pipe. You may arrange in.
[0015]
The air supply pipe 42... Is supported by a rubber member or a spring member with respect to a support member or an upper plate disposed on the upper portion of the tank body 11, and gives vibration to the air supply pipe by a vibrator. Also, the tank body 11 is configured not to transmit a large vibration. Further, the vibrator 45 provided at the lower portion of the air supply pipe is configured to supply power by connecting an electric wire passing through the upper pipe 41 and the inside of the air supply pipe from an external power source. The power supply from the power source can be controlled simultaneously with the blowing of air or at an arbitrary timing. Further, the upper part of each air supply pipe is connected to the upper pipe 41, the upper pipe 41 is connected to the air supply pipe of the exhaust system from the fan, and the air heated by the heating device is supplied from the hole of the air supply pipe. Try to erupt inside the compost. Note that the air to be ejected from the air supply pipe into the compost does not need to be heated particularly when the outside air temperature is high, and the outside air can be directly fed by a fan and supplied from the air supply pipe. The temperature of air can be arbitrarily managed according to the fermentation state of compost.
[0016]
In the compost production tank 10 configured as described above, compost material is introduced into the tank through the inlet 20 provided at the top of the tank body 11, and together with the compost material, the previously produced fully matured compost and compost fermentation are promoted. The fungus to be mixed is appropriately mixed and deposited so that there is almost no space at the top of the tank. Then, compost is produced by fermenting the compost material with useful fungi and microorganisms mixed in the compost material accommodated in the tank body 11, and in order to promote the growth of the fungi and microorganisms, The action of blowing air into the compost material from the air supply pipe 41. In addition, when it becomes necessary to replenish water in the middle of compost fermentation, water is supplied from the tank 8, or water is supplied from an arbitrary water source, drainage of a livestock house, etc. It is possible to supply from time to time by spraying.
[0017]
Simultaneously with the operation of blowing air from the air supply pipe, power is supplied to the vibrator 45 to vibrate the air supply pipe and to blow air into the compost material. As described above, the action of imparting vibration to the air supply pipe is to increase the gap by loosening the compost that has been solidified due to the progress of fermentation of the compost material, and increasing the gap. The action of uniformly mixing the air ejected from the hole of the pipe into the compost material is promoted to promote the action of the compost fermentation.
[0018]
In addition, when fungi that produce sticky bonds such as Bacillus subtilis grow in a large amount of compost material, the organic matter is solidified by the sticky bonds that are the products of the fungi, and the organic matter gradually increases in the tank. In addition, the compost fermentation may be promoted only locally and the compost fermentation inside the tank may become uneven. Therefore, when such a solidification phenomenon occurs, a process may be performed in which the compost material is once discharged from the tank during the compost fermentation and is stored again in the tank. In order to perform the turning-back operation of the compost, the compost in the middle of fermentation is once discharged from the tank by using a conveyor disposed above and below the compost production layer 10... After that, the operation | movement which throws in from the upper part of a tank using a carrying-in conveyor is performed. Separately from the method as described above, the carry-out conveyor and the carry-in conveyor are connected, and the work at the bottom of the tank is put into the tank by extracting the one at the bottom of the tank, and the compost at the bottom of the tank is removed. It is also possible to adjust the fermentation of the compost material inside the tank by turning the half amount upside down.
[0019]
As described above, when the compost material being manufactured is turned inside the tank body, or when the fully-ripened compost after the compost fermentation is discharged, the gate 17 is opened using the cylinder device 18, and the addition is performed. By operating the vibration devices 49, 49a, the fully matured compost in the state of being loosened is discharged from the discharge port 15 while vibrating the bottom plate 14. And it can send out toward an external compost storage silo etc. using the carry-out conveyor 7 via the chute | shoot 16. FIG. In addition, when the matured compost is discharged from the tank body 11, if a shelf-suspended state occurs inside the tank, the vibrator 45 is operated to vibrate the air supply pipe and loosen the solidified compost. It is also possible to add or blow air from the air supply pipe together with vibration to promote the discharge operation, and it is not necessary for the worker to enter the inside of the tank and perform the discharge operation.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
Since the compost manufacturing apparatus of the present invention is configured as described above, the compost material is stored in the tank body configured in a substantially sealed state by using the entire volume of the tank to store the compost material. It is possible, and compost fermentation can be promoted by blowing air into the compost material from an air supply pipe. In addition, the tank is heated from the bottom by a heating device placed at the bottom of the tank body, and the activities of bacteria and microorganisms used for compost production are activated, and the heated air is blown into the compost from the air supply pipe. Thus, the activity of useful bacteria and the like can be further increased. Furthermore, since the vibrator is attached to the air supply pipe arranged vertically inside the tank body, it acts to form a gap in the compost material by blowing the air and vibrating the air supply pipe, and is suitable for compost fermentation. It is possible to promote the growth of aerobic fungi and improve the production efficiency of compost.
[0021]
Therefore, in the apparatus of the present invention, odor generated during compost fermentation, gas components, and the like are not directly released to the outside, and the environment can be prevented from being affected. In addition, it is possible to operate a large amount of compost production equipment without relying on manpower, improve the efficiency of compost production, and make it possible to produce high-quality ripe compost through the effective use of microorganisms. is there. And the internal volume of a compost manufacturing tank can be used effectively, a compost material can be accommodated in large quantities, and an apparatus can be operated efficiently.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a compost manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view showing the configuration of the compost production tank of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the compost production tank of FIG.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of an air injection system disposed inside a compost production tank.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Compost production equipment, 5.7 conveyor, 10 compost production tank,
11 tank body, 15 outlet, 16 chute,
17 gate, 20 slot, 25 support frame,
27 heating chambers, 30 heating devices, 31 fans,
32 deodorizer, 33/34 pipe, 40 air injection system,
41 upper pipe, 42 air supply pipe, 43 holes,
44 support body, 45 vibrator, 49 vibration apparatus.

Claims (2)

A tank body configured to be able to maintain a sealed state by combining the top plate, the side plate, and the bottom plate,
An insertion port having an openable and closable upper lid disposed at the top of the tank body;
The bottom plate is configured as a lower member of the tank body, and is inclined and arranged so as to squeeze from the side plate toward the discharge port,
A gate disposed at the outlet;
A vibration exciter for vibrating the bottom plate;
In order to supply air into the compost material accommodated in the tank body, an air supply pipe provided with a plurality of holes arranged substantially vertically,
Each air supply pipe is connected to an upper pipe disposed at the top of the tank body, and a blower for supplying air to the upper pipe is provided.
While supporting the upper end portions of a large number of air supply pipes arranged vertically inside the tank body using a support body having a vibration isolating function with respect to the upper member of the tank body,
Attach a vibrator to the air supply pipe arranged vertically inside the tank body,
Compost production apparatus, wherein vibration by the vibrator is applied to an air supply pipe A portion corresponding to the bottom plate of the tank body is configured as a heating chamber,
The compost manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a heating device disposed in the heating chamber; and a blower that supplies heat from the heating device or the heating chamber toward the supply pipe.

Images