JP3681095B2 - Bending tube for heat exchange with internal protrusion - Google Patents
Bending tube for heat exchange with internal protrusion Download PDFInfo
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- JP3681095B2 JP3681095B2 JP03705299A JP3705299A JP3681095B2 JP 3681095 B2 JP3681095 B2 JP 3681095B2 JP 03705299 A JP03705299 A JP 03705299A JP 3705299 A JP3705299 A JP 3705299A JP 3681095 B2 JP3681095 B2 JP 3681095B2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
- F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
- F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
- F28F1/40—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only inside the tubular element
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、石油化学工業用反応管等として使用される、管内面に螺旋突起を有する熱交換性にすぐれた曲げ管に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
石油化学工業用反応管、例えばエチレン製造用熱分解炉に設置される反応管は、管内の原料流体（ナフサ，エタン等）に対する管外からの熱供給が効率よく行われるように熱交換性にすぐれていることが望まれる。その反応管として、図３に示すように、管内面に突起（４）（図は管軸方向に螺回する螺旋状の突起である）を形成された管体（２）が提案されている（特開平８−８２４９４号公報等）。管内面の突起（４）による管内流体の乱流形成の効果として、管内反応系に対する熱伝達が高められるのである。また、管温も低く保持され、管体の熱的影響に起因する材質劣化が抑制されることにより、反応管の耐用寿命も向上する。
【０００３】
管内面の突起（４）は、溶接肉盛層として、例えば粉体プラズマ溶接等を適用して形成することができる。図４において、Ｐは内面突起が形成される素管（遠心力鋳造管等）であり、管軸まわりの回転運動を行うように回転駆動装置（２１）に水平保持されている。（２２）は溶接トーチであり、ホルダー（２３）に装着されて素管（Ｐ）内に差し込まれている。素管（Ｐ）を回転させると共に、溶接トーチ（２２）を移動装置（２４）で管軸方向に移動させながら、管内面に溶接ビードを形成することにより、溶接肉盛層として螺旋状の突起（２）を有する直管（１）が得られる。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
熱分解反応管の炉内配管は、図５に示すように、直管（ストレート管）（２）と曲げ管（Ｕ字型管・エルボウ管等）（１）とが組み合わされ、管体同士を接合連結することにより形成される。これに、内面突起を有する管体を適用しようとする場合、上記のように直管（２）は遠心力鋳造管等に肉盛溶接で突起（４）を形成したものを使用することができる。しかし、直管と異なって、曲げ管（１）には、そのような内面突起（４）を形成することができない。
直管部に内面突起を形成しても、曲げ管部がそれを有しない配管構成では、反応管の管路全体における効果は少なく、その部分の管温低下の効果を得ることもできない。
本発明は、上記熱分解反応管等の配管構成に使用される内面突起を有する曲げ管を提供するものである。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明のエチレン製造用反応管である内面突起付き曲げ管は、
高Ｎｉ - 高Ｃｒ系耐熱鋳鋼からなる遠心力鋳造管の内面に溶接肉盛層として形成された高Ｎｉ - 高Ｃｒ系耐熱合金からなる管軸方向に螺回する螺旋突起を有する直管を被加工管体とし、高周波誘導加熱コイルを備えた曲げ加工装置において前記被加工管体を管軸方向に移送しながら、前記高周波誘導加熱コイルの内側空間を通過させることにより加熱すると共に、該コイルを通過した被加工管体の加熱帯域に、加工温度６５０〜９００℃、加工速度０ . １〜１ｍｍ / 分の曲げ加工を施してなるものである。
【０００６】
【発明の実施の形態】
曲げ加工に供される直管（２）は、遠心力鋳造管（直管）の内面に突起を形成（肉盛溶接）することにより製作される。図４の装置によれば、種々の形状・分布形態を有する突起を効率的に形成することができる。素管（Ｐ）の回転と溶接トーチ（２２）の管軸方向移動を行いながら肉盛溶接することにより、前記のように螺旋突起が形成され、螺旋のピッチや傾斜角等は、管体の回転速度と溶接トーチ（２２）の軸方向移動速度の調節により任意に設定される。図示のように、複数基の溶接トーチ（２２）（図は２基の場合を示している）をアーム（２３）に並列設置しておけば、１回の軸方向移動で多条螺旋（図の例では２条螺旋）を形成することができる。
【０００７】
また、図４の装置において、例えば溶接トーチ（２２）を管軸方向の１箇所に固定したまま、管体（Ｐ）を回転させて管内面を１周する肉盛層を形成する操作を、管軸方向に一定の間隔を置いて反復実施することにより、管軸と直交する向きの円環形状を有する突起が形成される。肉盛溶接を断続的に反復実施した場合は、断続した分布形態を有する突起を形成することができる。
【０００８】
管内面の突起（４）の形状・分布形態は、管体の用途や管径の大小等に応じて適宜設定される。エチレン製造用熱分解反応管として使用される管体（管径約３０〜１５０ｍｍ）において、螺旋突起を形成する場合を例に挙げれば、突起高さｈ（管内面からの高さ）は約２〜１５ｍｍ、突起幅ｗ（突起基部における螺旋方向と直交する向きの幅サイズ）は約３〜１０ｍｍ、傾斜角度（管軸方向に対する角度）は約１５゜以上、螺旋ピッチｐは約２０〜４００ｍｍ、軸方向間隔ｄ（隣り合う螺旋突起同士の管軸方向離隔距離）は約２００ｍｍ以下とすることができ、これらの値は所望により増減調節される。
【０００９】
管（Ｐ）および突起（４）を形成する合金の材種は、用途・使用環境条件に応じて適宜選択される。エチレン製造用熱分解反応管では、その管材として従来より使用されている耐熱合金、代表的には、ＡＳＴＭ ＨＫ４０（０．４Ｃ‐２０Ｎｉ‐２５Ｃｒ‐Ｆｅ），ＨＰ（０．５Ｃ‐３５Ｎｉ‐２５Ｃｒ‐Ｆｅ）、あるいは０．５Ｃ−４３Ｎｉ−３１Ｃｒ−Ｆｅ等の高Ｃｒ−高Ｎｉ合金鋼である。突起（４）は、管材と同種の耐熱合金又はそれ以上の高温特性を有する適宜材種を用いて形成される。
【００１０】
内面突起を形成された直管（２）は、高周波曲げ加工により目的とする曲げ管に成形される。図２は、高周波曲げ加工の実施要領を示している。
図中、（１１）は、管体（２）の移送路を形成するガイドローラ、（１２）はその移送路の前端部に設置されている高周波誘導加熱コイルである。管体（２）は、高周波誘導加熱コイル（１２）に包囲された帯域を加熱され、その加熱帯域は、管の前進移送に伴って管軸方向に沿って後端側へ移動していく。（１３）は管体（２）の移送方向を制御するクランプアームである。クランプアーム（１３）は、管体（２）の前端部を握持するチャック（１３１）を有し、基端側は支軸（１３２）により回動自在に軸承されている。
【００１１】
上記曲げ加工装置において、クランプアーム（１３）で先端側を握持拘束された管体（２）は、高周波コイル（１２）で加熱（帯域加熱）されながら、後端側から加えられる押圧力により一定の移送速度で前方に押し出され、押し出し移送に伴うクランプアーム（１３）の回動動作により湾曲形状に成形される。
曲げ加工される管材の昇温速度、加工温度等は、高周波コイル（１２）の電源出力、管体の送り速度などにより調節される。曲げ加工速度は、管材の送り速度と同等である。曲げ管の曲げ半径はクランプアーム（１３）のアーム長さを増減調節することにより所望のとおりに設定され、またクランプアーム（１３）の回動角度により、９０゜エルボウやＵ字管など所望の曲げ形状・曲げ角度を有するベンド管を形成することができる。
【００１２】
エチレン製造用反応管等の高Ｎｉ−高Ｃｒ系耐熱合金鋼からなる曲げ管を製造する場合において、管材に亀裂等の損傷をきたすことなく、効率良く曲げ加工を達成するために、加工温度、曲げ加工速度（管体の送り速度）、および曲げ加工後の冷却速度等の調節は重要である。加工温度が低すぎると、管体の延性の不足により、亀裂を生じさせずに所定の曲げ加工を達成することが困難となり、他方、加工温度が高すぎると、加工途中で、管体の背側（テンション側）の外表面に微小クラックが発生し易くなる。これらの点から、加工温度は、約６５０〜９００℃の範囲に設定するのがよい。また、加工速度が高すぎると、亀裂を誘起し、他方緩徐に過ぎると、加工効率が悪くなる。このため、加工速度は約０．１〜１ｍｍ/ 分の範囲に設定するのがよい。更に、曲げ加工後の冷却は、亀裂発生を防止するために、一般的な強制冷却に代え、自然放冷による緩徐の冷却とするのがよい。
【００１３】
【実施例】
遠心力鋳造管の内面に、図４の装置による粉体プラズマ溶接を施して螺旋突起（２条螺旋）を形成し、ついで図２の高周波曲げ加工装置に付してＵ字型管を製造する。
【００１４】
［内面突起の形成］
［高周波曲げ加工］
加工温度：８００℃
加工速度：０．４ｍｍ／分
加工後の冷却：自然放冷
上記曲げ加工により、亀裂等の欠陥のない内面突起付きＵ字型管を得た。
【００１６】
【発明の効果】
本発明の内面突起付き熱交換用曲げ管は、例えば石油化学工業用反応炉内の配管構成材料として、内面突起付き直管と組み合わせて炉内配管を構成することにより、反応効率や管体の耐用寿命の向上等の効果を得ることを可能にするものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の内面突起付き曲げ管を示す管軸方向断面図である。
【図２】管体の高周波曲げ加工を示す説明図である。
【図３】内面突起を有する直管を示す管軸方向断面図である。
【図４】管内面に突起を形成するための溶接接施工の例を示す管軸方向断面説明図である。
【図５】直管と曲げ管からなる配管構成を模式的に示す図である。
【符号の説明】
１：曲げ管
２：直管
３：管内面
４：突起
１０：高周波曲げ加工装置
１１：ガイドローラ
１２：高周波誘導加熱コイル
１３：クランプアーム
２０：管内面溶接肉盛装置
２１：管体回転駆動装置
２２：溶接トーチ
２３：溶接トーチ移動装置[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a bent pipe having a spiral protrusion on the inner surface of a pipe, which is used as a reaction pipe for the petrochemical industry, etc. and excellent in heat exchange.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Reaction tubes for petrochemical industry, for example, reaction tubes installed in pyrolysis furnaces for ethylene production, are heat exchangeable so that heat can be efficiently supplied from outside the tubes to the raw fluid (naphtha, ethane, etc.). It is desirable to be excellent. As the reaction tube, as shown in FIG. 3, a tube body (2) in which a protrusion (4) is formed on the inner surface of the tube (the drawing is a spiral protrusion that spirals in the tube axis direction) has been proposed. (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-82494, etc.). As an effect of the turbulent flow formation of the fluid in the tube by the protrusion (4) on the inner surface of the tube, heat transfer to the reaction system in the tube is enhanced. In addition, the tube temperature is kept low and the deterioration of the material due to the thermal influence of the tube body is suppressed, so that the service life of the reaction tube is also improved.
[0003]
The protrusion (4) on the inner surface of the tube can be formed by applying, for example, powder plasma welding as a weld overlay. In FIG. 4, P is a raw tube (centrifugal casting tube or the like) on which an inner surface protrusion is formed, and is held horizontally by the rotation drive device (21) so as to perform a rotational motion around the tube axis. (22) is a welding torch, which is attached to the holder (23) and inserted into the raw pipe (P). While rotating the raw pipe (P) and moving the welding torch (22) in the axial direction of the pipe with the moving device (24), a weld bead is formed on the inner surface of the pipe, thereby forming a helical projection as a weld overlay A straight pipe (1) having (2) is obtained.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As shown in FIG. 5, the pipe in the furnace of the pyrolysis reaction tube is a combination of a straight pipe (straight pipe) (2) and a bending pipe (U-shaped pipe, elbow pipe, etc.) (1). Are formed by joining and connecting. When a tube body having an inner surface protrusion is to be applied to this, a straight pipe (2) having a protrusion (4) formed by overlay welding on a centrifugal cast pipe or the like as described above can be used. . However, unlike the straight pipe, such an inner protrusion (4) cannot be formed on the bending pipe (1).
Even if the inner surface protrusion is formed on the straight pipe portion, the piping structure in which the bent pipe portion does not have the effect on the entire reaction pipe, and the effect of lowering the tube temperature at that portion cannot be obtained.
The present invention provides a bending tube having an inner surface projection used for a piping structure such as the above-described pyrolysis reaction tube.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The bent tube with an inner surface protrusion, which is a reaction tube for ethylene production of the present invention,
A straight pipe having a spiral projection spiraling in the axial direction of the pipe made of a high Ni - high Cr heat resistant alloy formed as a weld overlay on the inner surface of a centrifugal cast pipe made of high Ni - high Cr heat resistant cast steel is covered. In a bending apparatus equipped with a high-frequency induction heating coil as a processed tube body, the tube to be processed is heated by passing through the inner space of the high-frequency induction heating coil while transferring the tube to be processed in the tube axis direction. into the heating zone of the work tube passing through the processing temperature 650-900 ° C., it is made by facilities bending machining speed 0. 1~1mm / min.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The straight pipe (2) to be subjected to bending is manufactured by forming projections (building welding) on the inner surface of a centrifugal cast pipe (straight pipe). According to the apparatus of FIG. 4, protrusions having various shapes and distribution forms can be efficiently formed. By performing overlay welding while rotating the raw tube (P) and moving the welding torch (22) in the tube axis direction, spiral protrusions are formed as described above. It is arbitrarily set by adjusting the rotational speed and the axial movement speed of the welding torch (22). As shown in the drawing, if a plurality of welding torches (22) (the figure shows the case of two) are installed in parallel on the arm (23), a multi-spiral spiral (see FIG. In this example, a double spiral) can be formed.
[0007]
Further, in the apparatus of FIG. 4, for example, with the welding torch (22) fixed in one place in the tube axis direction, an operation of rotating the tube body (P) to form a built-up layer that goes around the inner surface of the tube, By repeatedly performing the process at a constant interval in the tube axis direction, a projection having an annular shape in a direction perpendicular to the tube axis is formed. When overlay welding is repeatedly performed intermittently, protrusions having an intermittent distribution form can be formed.
[0008]
The shape / distribution form of the projection (4) on the inner surface of the tube is appropriately set according to the use of the tube, the size of the tube diameter, and the like. In the case of forming a spiral projection in a tubular body (tube diameter of about 30 to 150 mm) used as a pyrolysis reaction tube for ethylene production, the projection height h (height from the inner surface of the tube) is about 2. ˜15 mm, the protrusion width w (width size in the direction perpendicular to the spiral direction at the protrusion base) is about 3 to 10 mm, the inclination angle (angle with respect to the tube axis direction) is about 15 ° or more, the helical pitch p is about 20 to 400 mm, The axial distance d (distance between adjacent spiral protrusions in the tube axis direction) can be about 200 mm or less, and these values are adjusted up or down as desired.
[0009]
The material type of the alloy forming the pipe (P) and the protrusion (4) is appropriately selected according to the application and use environment conditions. In pyrolysis reaction tubes for ethylene production, heat-resistant alloys conventionally used as the pipe materials are typically ASTM HK40 (0.4C-20Ni-25Cr-Fe), HP (0.5C-35Ni-25Cr-). Fe) or high Cr-high Ni alloy steel such as 0.5C-43Ni-31Cr-Fe. The protrusion (4) is formed using the same kind of heat-resistant alloy as the pipe material or an appropriate material type having a high temperature characteristic higher than that.
[0010]
The straight pipe (2) on which the inner surface protrusion is formed is formed into a target bent pipe by high-frequency bending. FIG. 2 shows how to perform high-frequency bending.
In the figure, (11) is a guide roller that forms a transfer path of the tube (2), and (12) is a high-frequency induction heating coil installed at the front end of the transfer path. The tube (2) is heated in a zone surrounded by the high-frequency induction heating coil (12), and the heating zone moves toward the rear end side along the tube axis direction along with the forward transfer of the tube. (13) is a clamp arm that controls the transfer direction of the tube (2). The clamp arm (13) has a chuck (13 1 ) that grips the front end of the tube (2), and the base end is rotatably supported by a support shaft (13 2 ).
[0011]
In the bending apparatus, the tubular body (2) gripped and restrained by the clamp arm (13) is heated (zone heating) by the high-frequency coil (12) and is pressed by the pressing force applied from the rear end side. It is extruded forward at a constant transfer speed, and is formed into a curved shape by the turning operation of the clamp arm (13) accompanying the extrusion transfer.
The temperature rise rate, the processing temperature, etc. of the pipe material to be bent are adjusted by the power output of the high frequency coil (12), the feed rate of the pipe body, and the like. The bending speed is equal to the pipe feed speed. The bending radius of the bending tube is set as desired by increasing or decreasing the arm length of the clamp arm (13), and depending on the rotation angle of the clamp arm (13), a desired angle such as 90 ° elbow or U-shaped tube is set. A bend pipe having a bending shape and a bending angle can be formed.
[0012]
When producing a bending tube made of high Ni-high Cr heat resistant alloy steel such as a reaction tube for ethylene production, in order to achieve bending efficiently without causing damage such as cracks in the tube material, It is important to adjust the bending speed (pipe feed speed) and the cooling speed after bending. If the processing temperature is too low, it becomes difficult to achieve a predetermined bending process without causing cracks due to insufficient ductility of the tube. On the other hand, if the processing temperature is too high, the back of the tube will be broken during processing. Micro cracks are likely to occur on the outer surface of the side (tension side). From these points, the processing temperature is preferably set in the range of about 650 to 900 ° C. On the other hand, if the processing speed is too high, cracks are induced, and if it is too slow, the processing efficiency deteriorates. For this reason, the processing speed is preferably set in a range of about 0.1 to 1 mm / min . Furthermore, the cooling after bending is preferably slow cooling by natural cooling, instead of general forced cooling, in order to prevent the occurrence of cracks.
[0013]
【Example】
4 is formed on the inner surface of the centrifugally cast pipe by powder plasma welding using the apparatus shown in FIG. 4, and then a U-shaped pipe is manufactured by attaching it to the high-frequency bending apparatus shown in FIG. .
[0014]
[Formation of internal protrusions]
[High-frequency bending]
Processing temperature: 800 ℃
Processing speed: 0.4 mm / min Cooling after processing: Natural cooling Cooling was performed to obtain a U-shaped tube with internal protrusions free from defects such as cracks.
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
The bent pipe for heat exchange with an inner surface protrusion of the present invention is, for example, a pipe constituent material in a reactor for the petrochemical industry, by configuring the in-furnace pipe in combination with a straight pipe with an inner surface protrusion, so that reaction efficiency and It is possible to obtain an effect such as improvement of the service life.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view in the tube axis direction showing a bending tube with an inner surface projection of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing high-frequency bending of a tubular body.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view in the tube axis direction showing a straight tube having an inner surface protrusion.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional explanatory view in the tube axis direction showing an example of welding contact for forming protrusions on the inner surface of the tube.
FIG. 5 is a diagram schematically illustrating a piping configuration including a straight pipe and a bent pipe.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Bending pipe 2: Straight pipe 3: Pipe inner surface 4: Projection 10: High-frequency bending apparatus 11: Guide roller 12: High-frequency induction heating coil 13: Clamp arm 20: Pipe inner surface welding build-up device 21: Tube rotation driving device 22: Welding torch 23: Welding torch moving device
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03705299A JP3681095B2 (en) | 1999-02-16 | 1999-02-16 | Bending tube for heat exchange with internal protrusion |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03705299A JP3681095B2 (en) | 1999-02-16 | 1999-02-16 | Bending tube for heat exchange with internal protrusion |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000234887A JP2000234887A (en) | 2000-08-29 |
| JP3681095B2 true JP3681095B2 (en) | 2005-08-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03705299A Expired - Lifetime JP3681095B2 (en) | 1999-02-16 | 1999-02-16 | Bending tube for heat exchange with internal protrusion |
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| JP (1) | JP3681095B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (18)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10244150A1 (en) * | 2002-09-23 | 2004-04-08 | Schmidt + Clemens Gmbh & Co. Kg | Pipe section for a coil |
| US20040221929A1 (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2004-11-11 | Hebda John J. | Processing of titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloys and products made thereby |
| US7837812B2 (en) | 2004-05-21 | 2010-11-23 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Metastable beta-titanium alloys and methods of processing the same by direct aging |
| US10053758B2 (en) | 2010-01-22 | 2018-08-21 | Ati Properties Llc | Production of high strength titanium |
| US9255316B2 (en) | 2010-07-19 | 2016-02-09 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Processing of α+β titanium alloys |
| US8613818B2 (en) | 2010-09-15 | 2013-12-24 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Processing routes for titanium and titanium alloys |
| US9206497B2 (en) | 2010-09-15 | 2015-12-08 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Methods for processing titanium alloys |
| US20120067100A1 (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2012-03-22 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Elevated Temperature Forming Methods for Metallic Materials |
| US10513755B2 (en) | 2010-09-23 | 2019-12-24 | Ati Properties Llc | High strength alpha/beta titanium alloy fasteners and fastener stock |
| US8652400B2 (en) | 2011-06-01 | 2014-02-18 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Thermo-mechanical processing of nickel-base alloys |
| JP6012192B2 (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2016-10-25 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Bending method for superalloy members |
| US9869003B2 (en) | 2013-02-26 | 2018-01-16 | Ati Properties Llc | Methods for processing alloys |
| US9192981B2 (en) | 2013-03-11 | 2015-11-24 | Ati Properties, Inc. | Thermomechanical processing of high strength non-magnetic corrosion resistant material |
| US9777361B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2017-10-03 | Ati Properties Llc | Thermomechanical processing of alpha-beta titanium alloys |
| US11111552B2 (en) | 2013-11-12 | 2021-09-07 | Ati Properties Llc | Methods for processing metal alloys |
| US10094003B2 (en) | 2015-01-12 | 2018-10-09 | Ati Properties Llc | Titanium alloy |
| US10502252B2 (en) | 2015-11-23 | 2019-12-10 | Ati Properties Llc | Processing of alpha-beta titanium alloys |
| CN111981887B (en) * | 2020-09-03 | 2021-07-16 | 江苏金诺炉辊有限公司 | Thin-wall radiant tube |
-
1999
- 1999-02-16 JP JP03705299A patent/JP3681095B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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|---|---|
| JP2000234887A (en) | 2000-08-29 |
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