JP3675173B2 - Garbage disposal equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a garbage processing apparatus and a processing method thereof for decomposing garbage generated in general households and commercial kitchens with microorganisms.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventional household garbage processing apparatuses include those for reducing the amount of garbage by drying or incineration as it is, and those for mixing microorganisms with large sawdust etc. to decompose microorganisms. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, there is a configuration in which raw garbage is pulverized by a pulverizer 1 such as a disposer and then discharged to a sewer. FIG. 6 shows the waste directly crushed by the pulverizer 1 and discharged directly to the sewer. FIG. 7 shows the trash crushed by the pulverizer 1 in the decomposition tank 2 where microorganisms are present, and then the treatment. Indicates that the liquid is discharged into the sewer.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of reducing the amount of garbage by drying or incineration as it is, or in the case of microbial decomposition by mixing the raw garbage with large sawdust etc., it is necessary to take out the reduced or decomposed treated waste from the equipment and transport it There was a lot of effort.
[0004]
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, there is a type in which treated garbage is sent to a sewer as one that does not require removal and transportation of treated waste. However, as shown in FIG. 6, when the garbage is pulverized by the pulverizer 1 and directly discharged to the sewer, the cause of the clogging of the sewage pipe by the garbage and the generation of the rot of the garbage is caused. There were problems such as increased processing load.
[0005]
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 7, even if it is decomposed using microorganisms before being discharged into the sewer, it is enormous to purify to a level that does not give high load to public facilities such as sewage pipes and sewage treatment plants. Requires processing time. The reason is that the microorganisms adhering to the garbage are mixed in the decomposition tank 2 and the ecosystem of specific microorganism species that have been fixed on the filter bed in the decomposition tank 2 in advance is destroyed. This is because the process cannot be performed. Therefore, in the conventional garbage processing apparatus, undecomposed organic substances that could not be processed in a certain time are removed from the apparatus.
[0006]
The present invention solves such a conventional problem, and maintains the ability to decompose by microorganisms by decomposing raw garbage sterilized in a sterilization tank with microorganisms fixed on a filter bed in the decomposition tank. An object of the present invention is to provide a garbage disposal apparatus and a treatment method thereof.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has a process for sterilizing raw garbage in a pre-process of a decomposition treatment process using microorganisms. Thus, since microorganisms adhering to the garbage are killed and supplied to the decomposition tank, the change of the microorganism species fixed in advance in the decomposition tank can be suppressed, and stable decomposition treatment can be performed.
[0008]
In addition, by providing a treatment method for sterilizing raw garbage before the decomposition treatment step with microorganisms, it is possible to suppress a change in the species of microorganisms fixed in advance in the decomposition tank, thereby enabling stable decomposition treatment.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention, the garbage a garbage disposal apparatus for decomposing by microorganisms state, and are not having a step of sterilizing the garbage before step decomposition process by microorganisms, and crushing device for crushing the garbage A sterilization tank in communication with the pulverizer, and a decomposition tank with a filter bed in which microorganisms for decomposing garbage are fixed in the lower part of the sterilization tank, and after sterilizing the garbage in the sterilization tank, It is characterized by being decomposed by microorganisms fixed on the filter bed in the decomposition tank .
[0010]
In this garbage disposal apparatus, garbage is decomposed by microorganisms fixed on the filter bed in the decomposition tank. As the microbial species, select a specific microorganism that can decompose most efficiently with respect to various organic components in raw garbage, and propagate and settle by adjusting the temperature, oxygen content, and load organic matter concentration in the decomposition tank. It has been made. By maintaining this state, a stable decomposition treatment can be performed in the decomposition tank. However, if microorganisms outside the tank adhering to the garbage are mixed in the decomposition tank, the ecosystem of specific microorganism species that have been established in advance will be disturbed, or in some cases, newly mixed microorganisms will propagate. There is a possibility that. This makes it impossible to perform stable treatment in the decomposition tank, resulting in degradation of decomposition performance. Therefore, in the above invention, the garbage or water is sterilized in the previous step of the decomposition step, and is transferred to the decomposition tank after being aseptic or almost free of microorganisms. Change can be suppressed. As a result, stable treatment in the decomposition tank is possible.
[0011]
The process for sterilization, which high-temperature heating garbage, which oscillates ultrasonic waves to garbage, there is to introduce at least one acidic water and alkaline water in the garbage. By such means, microorganisms adhering to the garbage can be sterilized. Therefore, by providing the sterilization tank having such means before the decomposition step, stable treatment can be performed in the decomposition tank.
[0012]
In addition, stable treatment in the decomposition tank is also possible by the processing method of the garbage processing apparatus that sterilizes the garbage before the decomposition treatment step with microorganisms.
[0013]
【Example】
(Example 1)
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the figure, 1 is a pulverizer attached to the lower part of the drain of the kitchen sink, and 3 is a sterilization tank for sterilizing raw garbage crushed by the pulverizer 1. Then, the garbage sterilized in the sterilization tank 3 is sent to the decomposition tank 2 and subjected to a decomposition process by microorganisms.
[0014]
In the above-described configuration, the garbage disposed from the drain outlet is finely pulverized by the pulverizer 1 and moves to the sterilization tank 3 together with the water from the drain outlet. In the sterilization tank 3, microorganisms adhering to the garbage are sterilized by means of sterilization shown in Examples 2 to 5 below. The sterilized garbage is moved to the decomposition tank 2 and decomposed. At this time, since it is possible to prevent microorganisms outside the tank from being mixed into the decomposition tank 2, it is possible to perform a stable decomposition process using microorganisms that have been fixed in advance.
[0015]
(Example 2)
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the figure, the sterilization tank 3 is composed of a communication pipe 4 with the pulverization apparatus 1 and the decomposition tank 2, a valve 5 for adjusting the amount of raw garbage, a heater 6, and a temperature controller 7 thereof. The heater 6 is a stainless steel sheathed heater having a maximum capacity of 800 W, and the temperature controller 7 is a bimetal thermostat.
[0016]
In the above configuration, the raw garbage pulverized by the pulverizing apparatus 1 moves to the sterilization tank 3 through the communication pipe 4 and is stored. The stored garbage is heated at 80 ° C. by a heater. As a result, since microorganisms can be killed, it is useful as a sterilization tank of Example 1.
[0017]
In addition, since the garbage is heated by the heater 6, the cell tissue of the garbage is broken and soluble organic substances such as cell fluid are dissolved in water. In addition, hardly soluble components such as proteins are denatured and softened by high-temperature heating, and are easily dissolved in water. Since the organic substance dissolved as described above moves to the decomposition tank 2 and is decomposed by microorganisms, solid garbage that is difficult for microorganisms to decompose only by pulverization can be dissolved, and intake by microorganisms can be promoted. And the decomposition efficiency can be improved.
[0018]
(Example 3)
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the figure, the sterilization tank 3 includes a communication pipe 4 with the pulverizing apparatus 1 and the decomposition tank 2, a valve 5 for adjusting the amount of raw garbage, and an ultrasonic oscillator 8. The bottom of the sterilization tank 3 is made of stainless steel, and the ultrasonic oscillator 8 has two bolted Langevin type vibrators 9 made of lead titanate zirconiaate.
[0019]
In the above configuration, the raw garbage pulverized by the pulverization apparatus 1 moves to the sterilization tank 3 through the communication tube 4. At that time, the liquid level of the garbage is adjusted by the valve 5 so as not to exceed the stainless steel part at the bottom of the sterilization tank 3. When the movement of the garbage is finished, an ultrasonic wave with a frequency of 40 kHz is oscillated by the vibrator 9. As a result, since the microorganisms adhering to the garbage can be killed by ultrasonic cavitation, it is useful as the sterilization tank of Example 1.
[0020]
In addition, the hardly soluble cell walls are ruptured by ultrasonic cavitation, solubilized organic substances such as cell fluids are dissolved in water, and other macromolecules and agglomerated low molecular weight organic substances are dispersed by ultrasonic vibration. Therefore, it is possible to dissolve solid garbage that is difficult for microorganisms to be decomposed only by pulverization, to promote intake by microorganisms, and to improve decomposition efficiency.
[0021]
(Example 4)
A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the figure, the sterilization tank 3 includes a communication pipe 4 between the pulverizer 1 and the decomposition tank 2, a valve 5 for adjusting the flow rate of garbage, a tank 10 in which acidic water is stored, and a tank 11 in which alkaline water is stored. The tanks 10 and 11 are composed of adjustment valves 12 and 13 for adjusting the dripping amount of the liquid stored in the tanks 10, a stirring bar 14 for stirring the garbage inside, and a motor 15 for driving the stirring bar 14.
[0022]
In the above configuration, the raw garbage pulverized by the pulverization apparatus 1 moves to the sterilization tank 3 through the communication tube 4. The strongly acidic water whose dropping amount is adjusted by the adjusting valve 12 is introduced into the garbage that has moved a certain amount. After the addition, the mixture is stirred by the stirring rod 14, and then the adjustment valve 13 is opened to input strong alkaline water. Then, the mixture is again stirred by the stirring rod 14. As a result of the above operation, the microorganisms can be killed, so that the sterilization tank of Example 1 is useful. Note that microorganisms can be killed only by adding either strong acidic water or strong alkaline water, and it is not necessary to add both strong acidic water and strong alkaline water as in this embodiment.
[0023]
In addition, when strong alkaline water is added, the binding chains of the membrane components of the cell tissue are released, and soluble organic substances such as cell fluids are dissolved in water, and other proteins and sugar chains are also broken and dissolved in water. Since it becomes an easy state, solid garbage which is difficult for microorganisms to be decomposed only by pulverization can be dissolved, intake by microorganisms can be promoted, and decomposition efficiency can be improved.
[0024]
( Reference Example 5)
Reference Example 5 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in the figure, the sterilization tank 3 is composed of a connecting pipe 4 with the crushing apparatus 1 and the decomposition tank 2 and electrode plates 16 and 17 for electrolyzing water around the garbage. The electrode plates 16 and 17 use platinum electrodes.
[0025]
In the above configuration, the raw garbage pulverized by the pulverization apparatus 1 moves to the sterilization tank 3 through the communication tube 4. At that time, the water level is adjusted by the valve 5 so as to be 60% of the capacity of the tank. Subsequently, a voltage is applied to the electrode plates 16 and 17 for 30 minutes so that the electrode plate 16 becomes a positive electrode. Then, this time, the voltage is switched between positive and negative so that the electrode plate 17 becomes a positive electrode, and is applied again for 30 minutes. As a result of the above operation, the microorganisms are killed. Therefore, the sterilization tank of Example 1 is useful.
[0026]
In addition, the electrolysis of water makes the vicinity of the positive electrode plate strong alkalinity, the protein and sugar chains of the garbage are broken down, the molecular weight is reduced, and the reduced molecular weight organic matter dissolves in water, so it is crushed It is possible to dissolve solid garbage that is difficult for microorganisms to be decomposed by itself, to promote intake by microorganisms, and to improve the decomposition efficiency.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above embodiment, according to the invention described in claim 1, by suppressing the change in the microbial species in the decomposition tank by sterilizing the microorganisms attached to the garbage in the previous step of the microorganism decomposition step. Therefore, stable decomposition processing can be performed.
[0028]
Further, according to the invention described in claims 2 to 4 , since microorganisms can be sterilized, it is effective as a means for sterilization in the invention described in claim 1.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a garbage disposal apparatus showing Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a sterilization tank of a garbage disposal apparatus showing Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a sterilization tank of a garbage disposal apparatus showing Example 4 of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a garbage treatment of Reference Example 5 of the present invention. Cross-sectional view of the sterilization tank of the apparatus [FIG. 6] Block diagram of a conventional garbage disposal apparatus [FIG. 7] Block diagram of another conventional garbage disposal apparatus [Explanation of symbols]
2 Decomposition tank 3 Sterilization tank 6 Heater 8 Ultrasonic oscillator Oscillator 10, 11 Tank 16, 17 Electrode plate

Claims (4)

A pulverizer for pulverizing raw garbage, a sterilization tank communicating with the pulverizer, and a decomposition tank with a filter bed provided in the lower part of the sterilization tank to which microorganisms that decompose the garbage are fixed, An apparatus for treating garbage , which is sterilized in the sterilization tank and then decomposed by microorganisms fixed on a filter bed in the decomposition tank . The garbage processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the garbage is heated at a high temperature in the sterilization tank . The garbage processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in the sterilization tank , ultrasonic waves are oscillated in the garbage. The garbage processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein in the sterilization tank , at least one of strongly acidic water and strong alkaline water is introduced into the garbage.

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