JP3670920B2 - Operation method of exhaust gas treatment equipment - Google Patents

Operation method of exhaust gas treatment equipment Download PDF

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JP3670920B2
JP3670920B2 JP37204299A JP37204299A JP3670920B2 JP 3670920 B2 JP3670920 B2 JP 3670920B2 JP 37204299 A JP37204299 A JP 37204299A JP 37204299 A JP37204299 A JP 37204299A JP 3670920 B2 JP3670920 B2 JP 3670920B2
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Prior art keywords
carbonaceous
exhaust gas
catalyst
gas treatment
adsorbent
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JP2001179044A (en
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秀信 楠木
雅彦 浜田
明史 梅津
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel Corp
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  • Separation Of Gases By Adsorption (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Devices And Processes Conducted In The Presence Of Fluids And Solid Particles (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の移動層を利用した焼結排ガス処理装置におけるホットスポットの発生を確実に防止することができる排ガス処理装置の操業方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から、製鉄事業所では焼結機より発生した排ガスを集塵・脱硝・脱硫処理するために排ガス処理装置が用いられている。この排ガス処理装置としては、上部ホッパーより投入した炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒を下方に向け移動させ、この移動層に被処理ガスを通過させて前記炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒により排ガス処理を行うとともに、炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒を下部コーンを経て、下部ホッパー又は外部へ排出するようにした炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒移動層式のものが知られている(例えば、特開平5−200272号公報や特開平10−128067号公報参照)。
【0003】
ところが、このような炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒を用いた移動層式の排ガス処理装置では、内部に充填された炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒が新品の状態で表面および空隙内部にエアが存在した状態にあり、排ガス処理の開始時において炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒がエア中の酸素と反応し酸化され、局部的に温度が上昇する領域、いわゆるホットスポットと称される現象が生じることがあった。そして、このホットスポット現象が発生すると充填した炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の使用が不可能となり莫大な費用のロスになるうえ、操業停止状態が続いて長期間排ガス処理作業ができないという問題点があった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記のような従来の問題点を解決して、排ガス処理の開始時におけるホットスポット現象の発生を確実に防止することができる排ガス処理装置の操業方法を提供することを目的として完成されたものである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の課題を解決するためになされた本発明の排ガス処理装置の操業方法は、炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒を複数に区分けされた移動層の上方から下方へ移動させ、この移動層に被処理ガスである焼結排ガスを通過させて排ガス処理を行うとともに、炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒を各移動層の下部コーンを経て、下部ホッパー又は外部へ排出するようにした排ガス処理装置の操業方法において、前記複数の下部コーン内における炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の滞留時間(X:単位はHr)が全て次式を満たすものとしてホットスポットの発生を防止するようにしたことを特徴とするものである。
【数2】

Figure 0003670920
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、図面を参照しつつ本発明の好ましい実施の形態を示す。
図面は、焼結排ガスの処理に用いられる炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒を用いた移動層式の排ガス処理装置を示すものであって、図中1は炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒を用いた移動層、2は上部ホッパー、13は下部コーン、3は下部ホッパー、4a、4bはロータリーバルブ、5は入口ルーバ、6は出口マイクロルーバである。なお、図示のものでは、前記移動層1内が多孔板7で内側から前層8a、中層8b、後層8cに区分けされているとともに、各層を通過する炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の移動速度が外側に行くに従って速くなるよう構成されており、入口煙室9より入った被処理ガスが前記各層を通過する間に集塵・脱硫処理がなされ、出口煙室10より外部へ排出されるものである点は、従来のこの種の排ガス処理装置と基本的に同じである。
【0007】
そして、本発明においては前記下部コーン13内における炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の滞留時間(X:単位はHr)を次式を満たすものとすることでホットスポットの発生を防止するようにした点に特徴を有する。
【数3】
Figure 0003670920
即ち、本発明者らはホットスポットが発生する下部コーン13内における炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の状況について種々研究を重ねた結果、下部コーン13内の酸素濃度は約15%程度、下部コーン13内における炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の滞留時間は約30時間程度であり、この間に炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の最高温度が約600℃となることから炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒が酸化して温度が上昇することでホットスポットが発生することを究明し、下部コーン13内における炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の滞留時間を調整することでホットスポットの発生を防止するようにしたのである。
【0008】
例えば、焼結排ガスの温度は約100℃から140℃の範囲内にあり、この排ガス温度と下部コーン13内における炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の滞留時間との関係を調べたところ、図3に示されるように、ホットスポットの発生区域と未発生区域とがほぼ一定の境界線を閾線として別れることが確認された。従って、この閾線を近似式で求めたところ次式のとおりであり、滞留時間(X:単位はHr)を次式を満足するように操業すればホットスポットの発生を確実に防止できることとなる。
【数4】
Figure 0003670920
【0009】
このように構成されたものでは、上部ホッパー2より投入した炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒を触媒として移動層1内を下方に向け流動させ、この移動層1内に被処理ガスを通過させて前記炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒により排ガス処理を行うとともに、炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒を下部コーン13を経て、ロールフィーダ11で下部ホッパー3に集約し外部へ排出するが、この時、前記下部コーン内における炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の滞留時間(X:単位はHr)は次式を満たすように調整される。
【数5】
Figure 0003670920
この結果、下部コーン13内にある炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の温度は十分に低く抑えられるため、従来のように炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒が酸化して温度が上昇することがなく、ホットスポットの発生は完全に防止されることとなる。
【0010】
なお、図示の排ガス処理装置の移動層1は複数(前層8a、中層8b、後層8cの3層)に区分けされており、炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒を下部コーン13を経て、各層毎に設置したロールフィーダ11を介して下部ホッパー3に集約するよう構成され、また各層の下部コーン13は仕切板12、12によって区分けされている。この場合、該仕切板12にて区切られた下部コーン13は炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の局部的な酸化発熱を焼結排ガスにより抜熱することが難しく、昇温し易いため、この仕切板12の長さは極力短くすることが好ましい。しかしながら、仕切板12の長さが短すぎると圧損の関係から入口煙室9の排ガスが下部ホッパー3側へバイパスするおそれがあり、このため仕切板12の長さは所定長さ以上必要である。従って、前記のように炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の滞留時間が短くなるよう調整することで、炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒を下部コーン13に長時間滞留することなく早く通過させることはホットスポット発生の防止対策上、極めて有効な手段となる。
【0011】
【実施例】
炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の充填量:約2500トン、炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒移送速度:13.6トン/Hr、1サイクル日数:約7日、基準となる炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の移動時間:(前層)50Hr、(中層)120Hr、(後層)230Hrの排ガス処理装置を用いて、焼結排ガス(排ガス温度は143℃)を95万m3(Normal)/Hr 、流速0.23m/sec で供給した。この時、下部コーン13内における炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の滞留時間は、次式を満足するよう14.7時間となるよう調整して操業した。
【数6】
Figure 0003670920
この結果、表1に示されるように、炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の最高温度は149℃であり、何等ホットスポットが発生することなく操業を維持することができた。
なお、上式によれば下部コーン内における炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の滞留時間の閾値は17.45時間であり、これを満足しない30時間の滞留時間として操業した場合を比較例として示すが、この場合には炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の最高温度が600℃となり、ホットスポット発生の可能性が極めて高いものであった。
【0012】
【表1】
Figure 0003670920
【0013】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明からも明らかなように、本発明は排ガス処理の開始時におけるホットスポット現象の発生を確実に防止することができるものであり、充填した炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒を燃焼させることなく安全かつ経済的に利用することができる。
よって本発明は従来の問題点を一掃した排ガス処理装置の操業方法として、産業の発展に寄与するところは極めて大である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】焼結排ガスの処理装置を示す概略図である。
【図2】排ガスの処理装置を示す概略図である。
【図3】排ガス温度と下部コーン内における炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の滞留時間との関係を示すグラフである。
【符号の説明】
1 移動層
2 上部ホッパー
3 下部ホッパー
13 下部コーン[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for operating an exhaust gas treatment apparatus capable of reliably preventing the occurrence of hot spots in a sintered exhaust gas treatment apparatus using a carbonaceous adsorbent and / or a moving bed of carbonaceous catalyst.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, an exhaust gas treatment apparatus has been used in a steelworks for dust collection, denitration, and desulfurization treatment of exhaust gas generated from a sintering machine. As this exhaust gas treatment device, the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst introduced from the upper hopper is moved downward, and the gas to be treated is passed through this moving bed so that the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst is used. A carbonaceous adsorbent and / or a carbonaceous catalyst moving bed type is known which performs exhaust gas treatment and discharges the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst to the lower hopper or the outside through the lower cone. (For example, refer to Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 5-200272 and 10-128067).
[0003]
However, in such a moving bed type exhaust gas treatment apparatus using a carbonaceous adsorbent and / or a carbonaceous catalyst, the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst filled inside is in a new state on the surface and inside the void. A region where air is present, and the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or catalyst reacts with oxygen in the air at the start of exhaust gas treatment and is oxidized, so called a hot spot, a so-called hot spot. A phenomenon sometimes occurred. When this hot spot phenomenon occurs, it becomes impossible to use the filled carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst, resulting in a huge loss of cost, and the exhaust gas treatment work cannot be performed for a long time because the operation is stopped. There was a point.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been completed for the purpose of solving the conventional problems as described above and providing an operation method of an exhaust gas treatment apparatus capable of reliably preventing the occurrence of a hot spot phenomenon at the start of exhaust gas treatment. It is a thing.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the exhaust gas treatment apparatus operating method of the present invention moves a carbonaceous adsorbent and / or a carbonaceous catalyst from the upper side to the lower side of a moving bed divided into a plurality of parts. Exhaust gas treatment device that conducts exhaust gas treatment by passing sintered exhaust gas that is the gas to be treated, and discharges the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst to the lower hopper or outside through the lower cone of each moving bed In the above operation method, the residence time (X: unit is Hr) of the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst in the plurality of lower cones all satisfy the following formula to prevent the occurrence of hot spots. It is characterized by.
[Expression 2]
Figure 0003670920
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The drawing shows a moving bed type exhaust gas treatment apparatus using a carbonaceous adsorbent and / or a carbonaceous catalyst used in the treatment of sintered exhaust gas, wherein 1 is a carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst. 2 is an upper hopper, 13 is a lower cone, 3 is a lower hopper, 4a and 4b are rotary valves, 5 is an inlet louver, and 6 is an outlet microlouver. In the illustrated example, the inside of the moving layer 1 is divided into a front layer 8a, a middle layer 8b, and a rear layer 8c from the inside by a perforated plate 7, and a carbonaceous adsorbent and / or a carbonaceous catalyst that passes through each layer. The moving speed is configured to increase toward the outside, and the gas to be treated that has entered from the inlet smoke chamber 9 is collected and desulfurized while passing through each layer, and discharged from the outlet smoke chamber 10 to the outside. This is basically the same as the conventional exhaust gas treatment apparatus of this type.
[0007]
And in this invention, generation | occurrence | production of a hot spot is prevented by satisfy | filling following residence time (X: unit is Hr) of the carbonaceous adsorbent in the said lower cone 13, and / or a carbonaceous catalyst. It has the feature in the point.
[Equation 3]
Figure 0003670920
That is, as a result of various studies on the state of the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or the carbonaceous catalyst in the lower cone 13 where hot spots are generated, the present inventors have found that the oxygen concentration in the lower cone 13 is about 15%. The residence time of the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst in the cone 13 is about 30 hours, and during this time, the maximum temperature of the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst is about 600 ° C. And / or the oxidation of the carbonaceous catalyst and the rise in temperature reveals that a hot spot is generated, and the residence time of the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst in the lower cone 13 is adjusted to adjust the hot spot. This is to prevent the occurrence.
[0008]
For example, the temperature of the sintered exhaust gas is in the range of about 100 ° C. to 140 ° C., and the relationship between the exhaust gas temperature and the residence time of the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst in the lower cone 13 was examined. As shown in FIG. 3, it was confirmed that the hot spot occurrence area and the non-occurrence area are separated from each other with a substantially constant boundary line as a threshold line. Therefore, when this threshold line is obtained by an approximate expression, the following expression is obtained. If the residence time (X: unit is Hr) is operated so as to satisfy the following expression, the occurrence of hot spots can be surely prevented. .
[Expression 4]
Figure 0003670920
[0009]
In the structure configured as above, the inside of the moving bed 1 is caused to flow downward using the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or the carbonaceous catalyst introduced from the upper hopper 2 as a catalyst, and the gas to be treated is allowed to pass through the moving bed 1. Exhaust gas treatment with the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst, and the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst is collected in the lower hopper 3 by the roll feeder 11 through the lower cone 13 and discharged to the outside. At this time, the residence time (X: unit is Hr) of the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst in the lower cone is adjusted so as to satisfy the following formula.
[Equation 5]
Figure 0003670920
As a result, since the temperature of the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or the carbonaceous catalyst in the lower cone 13 is sufficiently low, the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or the carbonaceous catalyst is oxidized and the temperature rises as in the prior art. Therefore, the occurrence of hot spots is completely prevented.
[0010]
In addition, the moving bed 1 of the illustrated exhaust gas treatment apparatus is divided into a plurality (three layers of a front layer 8a, a middle layer 8b, and a rear layer 8c), and a carbonaceous adsorbent and / or a carbonaceous catalyst is passed through the lower cone 13, Each layer is configured to be integrated into the lower hopper 3 via a roll feeder 11 installed, and the lower cone 13 of each layer is divided by partition plates 12 and 12. In this case, the lower cone 13 partitioned by the partition plate 12 is difficult to remove the local oxidation heat generated by the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or the carbonaceous catalyst by the sintered exhaust gas, and the temperature rises easily. The length of the partition plate 12 is preferably as short as possible. However, if the length of the partition plate 12 is too short, the exhaust gas in the inlet smoke chamber 9 may bypass to the lower hopper 3 side due to the pressure loss. For this reason, the length of the partition plate 12 needs to be a predetermined length or more. . Therefore, by adjusting the residence time of the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or the carbonaceous catalyst as described above, the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or the carbonaceous catalyst can pass through the lower cone 13 quickly without staying for a long time. This is an extremely effective means for preventing hot spots.
[0011]
【Example】
Carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst filling amount: about 2500 tons, carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst transfer rate: 13.6 tons / hr, 1 cycle days: about 7 days, standard carbonaceous adsorption The travel time of the material and / or carbonaceous catalyst: Using an exhaust gas treatment device of (front layer) 50Hr, (middle layer) 120Hr, (rear layer) 230Hr, sintered exhaust gas (exhaust gas temperature is 143 ° C) is 950,000 m 3 ( Normal) / Hr, and a flow rate of 0.23 m / sec. At this time, the residence time of the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst in the lower cone 13 was adjusted to 14.7 hours so as to satisfy the following formula.
[Formula 6]
Figure 0003670920
As a result, as shown in Table 1, the maximum temperature of the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or the carbonaceous catalyst was 149 ° C., and the operation could be maintained without any hot spots.
In addition, according to the above formula, the threshold value of the residence time of the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or the carbonaceous catalyst in the lower cone is 17.45 hours, and a case where the operation is performed as a residence time of 30 hours not satisfying this is taken as a comparative example. In this case, the maximum temperature of the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst was 600 ° C., and the possibility of hot spot generation was extremely high.
[0012]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003670920
[0013]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, the present invention can reliably prevent the occurrence of a hot spot phenomenon at the start of exhaust gas treatment, and burns the filled carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst. It can be used safely and economically.
Therefore, the present invention contributes greatly to the development of the industry as a method of operating an exhaust gas treatment apparatus that eliminates the conventional problems.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a processing apparatus for sintered exhaust gas.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an exhaust gas treatment apparatus.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the exhaust gas temperature and the residence time of the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst in the lower cone.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Moving layer 2 Upper hopper 3 Lower hopper
13 Lower cone

Claims (1)

炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒を複数に区分けされた移動層の上方から下方へ移動させ、この移動層に被処理ガスである焼結排ガスを通過させて排ガス処理を行うとともに、炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒を各移動層の下部コーンを経て、下部ホッパー又は外部へ排出するようにした排ガス処理装置の操業方法において、前記複数の下部コーン内における炭素質吸着材及び又は炭素質触媒の滞留時間(X:単位はHr)が全て次式を満たすものとしてホットスポットの発生を防止するようにしたことを特徴とする排ガス処理装置の操業方法。
Figure 0003670920
The carbonaceous adsorbent and / or carbonaceous catalyst is moved from the upper part to the lower part of the moving bed divided into a plurality of parts, and the exhaust gas is treated by passing the sintered exhaust gas, which is the gas to be treated, through the moving layer, and the carbonaceous adsorption In the operation method of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus in which the material and / or the carbonaceous catalyst is discharged to the lower hopper or the outside through the lower cone of each moving bed, the carbonaceous adsorbent and / or the carbonaceous catalyst in the plurality of lower cones The operation method of the exhaust gas treatment apparatus is characterized in that the generation of hot spots is prevented by assuming that the residence time (X: unit is Hr) of all satisfies the following formula.
Figure 0003670920
JP37204299A 1999-12-28 1999-12-28 Operation method of exhaust gas treatment equipment Expired - Lifetime JP3670920B2 (en)

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