JP3668058B2 - Fuel cell - Google Patents

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JP3668058B2
JP3668058B2 JP21701499A JP21701499A JP3668058B2 JP 3668058 B2 JP3668058 B2 JP 3668058B2 JP 21701499 A JP21701499 A JP 21701499A JP 21701499 A JP21701499 A JP 21701499A JP 3668058 B2 JP3668058 B2 JP 3668058B2
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fuel
fuel cell
fuel gas
reaction vessel
cell
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JP2001043888A (en
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和正 丸谷
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Kyocera Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

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Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、燃料電池に関し、特に、反応容器内に複数の有底筒状の燃料電池セルを所定間隔を置いて立設して収容した燃料電池に関する。
【０００２】
【従来技術】
従来の固体電解質型燃料電池は、図５に示すように、反応容器５１内に、空気室仕切板５３、燃焼室仕切板５５、燃料ガス室仕切板５７を用いて空気室Ａ、燃焼室Ｂ、反応室Ｃ、燃料ガス室Ｄが形成されている。
【０００３】
反応容器５１内に収容された複数の有底筒状の固体電解質型燃料電池セル５９は、燃焼室仕切板５５に形成された複数のセル挿入孔６０にそれぞれ挿入固定されており、その開口部６１は燃焼室仕切板５５から燃焼室Ｂ内に突出しており、その内部には、空気室仕切板５３に固定された空気導入管６３の一端が挿入されている。
【０００４】
燃焼室仕切板５５には、余剰の未反応燃料ガスを反応室Ｃから燃焼室Ｂに排出するために、複数の排気孔６４が形成されており、燃料ガス室仕切板５７には、燃料ガスを燃料ガス室Ｄから反応室Ｃに供給するために、複数の給気孔が形成されている。
【０００５】
また、反応容器５１には、例えば水素からなる燃料ガスを導入する燃料ガス導入口６５、空気を導入する空気導入口６７、燃焼室Ｂ内で燃焼したガスを排出するための排気口６９が形成されている。
【０００６】
このような固体電解質型燃料電池は、空気室Ａからの空気を、空気導入管６３を介して固体電解質型燃料電池セル５９内にそれぞれ供給し、かつ、燃料ガス室Ｄからの燃料ガスを、燃料ガス室仕切板５７の給気孔を介して複数の固体電解質型燃料電池セル５９間に供給し、反応室Ｃにて反応させ発電し、余剰の空気と未反応燃料ガスを燃焼室Ｂにて燃焼させ、燃焼したガスが排気口６９から外部に排出される。
【０００７】
しかしながら、従来の固体電解質型燃料電池は、燃料電池セル５９の底部側に新鮮な燃料ガスを供給して、燃料電池セル５９の軸方向に沿って燃料を消費していたため、１本の燃料電池セル５９の両端で、雰囲気ガス中の燃料分圧が９０％から１５％程度と極端に異なっていた。
【０００８】
そして、燃料電池セル５９の起電力は、燃料ガスの燃料分圧に影響されるため、上記したように、燃料電池セル５９の両端で起電力が異なることにより、１本の燃料電池セル５９内に、異なる起電力の電池を並列接続したときと等価な回路が形成され、電力損失を生じるという問題があった。
【０００９】
このような問題を解決するため、例えば、特開平４−２９４０６８号公報に開示されるように、燃料ガスを燃料電池セルの側方へ供給した燃料電池が知られている。
【００１０】
この公報に開示された燃料電池は、図６に示すように、反応容器８１の対向する両側面に、燃料ガスを供給する供給孔８２を設けるとともに、反応容器８１の底面に供給孔８３を設け、反応容器８１内に収容された燃料電池セル８５の側方および下方から燃料ガスを供給し、余剰の燃料ガスを燃料電池セル８５と仕切板８７との隙間から排出していた。
【００１１】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、特開平４−２９４０６８号公報に開示された燃料電池では、反応容器８１の対向する両側面の供給孔８２から、および反応容器８１の底面の供給孔８３から燃料ガスを供給していたため、供給孔８２、８３近傍の燃料電池セル８５では起電力差が低減されるものの、余剰の燃料ガスを燃料電池セル８５と仕切板８７との隙間から、つまり反応容器８１の上方から排出していたため、中央部に配置された燃料電池セル８５では従来と同様、１本の燃料電池セル８５の両端で起電力差が大きく、１本の燃料電池セル８５内に、異なる起電力の電池を並列接続したときと等価な回路が形成され、未だ電力損失が大きいという問題があった。
【００１２】
本発明は、燃料電池セル全面でほぼ同等の起電力を発生できる燃料電池を提供することを目的とする。
【００１３】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の燃料電池は、反応容器内に、内部に空気が供給される複数の有底筒状の燃料電池セルを所定間隔を置いて立設して収容するとともに、前記反応容器の一方側面に、前記燃料電池セルの長さ方向に所定間隔をおいて、前記燃料電池セルの側方へ燃料ガスを供給する供給孔を複数形成し、前記反応容器の前記一方側面に対向する他方側面に、前記燃料電池セルの長さ方向に所定間隔をおいて、前記燃料電池セルの側方からの燃料ガスを排出する排出孔を複数設け、燃料ガスが前記燃料電池セルの長さ方向と直交する方向に流れるものである。
【００１４】
このような構成を採用することにより、反応室内の燃料分圧の分布を、燃料電池セルの長さ方向ではなく、反応容器の側面方向（燃料電池セルの幅方向）に生じさせることができ、１本の燃料電池セルに供給される燃料ガスの燃料分圧はほぼ均一となり、１本の燃料電池セル内での極端な起電力の分布を抑制できる。言い換えれば、１本の燃料電池セル内での起電力を均等にできる。
【００１５】
即ち、燃料電池セルのスタックの側方から供給された燃料ガスが、燃料電池セルのスタック集合体の側方の反応容器から排出し、燃料電池セルの長さ方向に対して一様な濃度の燃料ガスが供給されることになり、このため、１本の燃料電池セル内で、極端に異なる起電力が生じることを抑制でき、燃料電池セルのスタックでは、異なる起電力の電池を並列接続ではなく、直列接続した回路と等価にでき、電力損失を大きく低減できる。従って、従来のような異なる起電力の電池を並列接続したものと等価な回路を除去できるため、電力損失を大きく低減して、出力電力を大きく向上できる。
【００１６】
また、燃料ガスの供給孔と排出孔を、反応容器の対向する側面に形成することにより、燃料電池セルのスタックに対して、最も効果的に燃料ガスを供給することができる。
【００１７】
さらに、燃料電池セルのスタックから電力を取り出すための一対の集電体を、燃料ガスの供給孔または排出孔に対向して設け、集電体に流通孔を形成することにより、燃料ガスの分散を確実に行うことができ、１本の燃料電池セル内での起電力をさらに均等にできる。
【００１８】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の燃料電池は、図１に示すように、反応容器１内に、空気室仕切板３、燃焼室仕切板５を用いて空気室Ａ、燃焼室Ｂ、反応室Ｃが形成されている。
【００１９】
反応容器１内には複数の有底筒状の固体電解質型燃料電池セル９が収容されており、その上端部は、燃焼室仕切板５に形成された複数のセル挿入孔１０にそれぞれ挿入固定されており、その開口部は燃焼室仕切板５から燃焼室Ｂ内に突出しており、その内部には、空気室仕切板３に端部が固定された酸素含有ガス導入管１１の一端が挿入されている。
【００２０】
反応容器１の一方側面にはダクト１２が設けられ、その一端が、例えば水素からなる燃料ガスを導入する燃料ガス導入口１３とされ、その内部が、燃料ガスを分散して反応室Ｃ内へ供給する燃料ガス分散室Ｄとされている。燃料ガス分散室Ｄ内における反応容器１の側面には、複数の燃料ガスの供給孔１４が形成されている。
【００２１】
また、反応容器１の他方側面にはダクト１７が設けられ、その内部が燃料ガス排気室Ｅとされている。ダクト１７には、余剰の燃料ガスを燃焼室Ｂへ供給するための連通孔１８が形成されている。燃料ガス排気室Ｅにおける反応容器１の側面には、複数の排出孔１９が形成されている。燃料ガスの供給孔１４と排出孔１９は、反応容器１の対向する側面に形成されている。
【００２２】
さらに、反応容器１には、燃焼室Ｂ内で燃焼したガスを外部に排出する排気口２０、空気を導入する空気導入口２１が形成されている。
【００２３】
反応容器１には、図２に示すような複数の燃料電池セル９のスタック（集合体）２２が収容されており、セル９は、図３に示すように、例えばＹ2 Ｏ3 安定化ＺｒＯ2 からなる円筒状の固体電解質２３の、内面側にＬａＭｎＯ3 系からなる空気極２４、外面側にＮｉ−ＺｒＯ2 系からなる燃料極２５を有し、内面側の空気極２４と電気的に接続されて円筒外面に表出する、ＬａＣｒＯ3 系よりなるインターコネクタ２６を有するように構成されている。
【００２４】
スタック２２は、図２に示すように、複数の燃料電池セル９を、隣り合うセル９の燃料極２５とインターコネクタ２６が、Ｎｉ金属繊維等の接続部材２７を介して電気的に接続するように構成されている。
【００２５】
また、図１および図２に示したように、反応容器１には、スタック２２の最外列に位置し燃料極２５と接続部材２７を介して接する集電体３７と、スタック２２の最外列に位置しインターコネクタ２６と接続部材２７を介して接する集電体３８とが収容され、これらの集電体３７と集電体３８は、スタック２２を挟んで対向している。図２に集電体３７と集電体３８でスタック２２を挟持した状態を示す。このような集電体３７と集電体３８を介して電力が取り出される。
【００２６】
即ち、燃料電池セル９のスタック２２から電力を取り出すための一対の集電体３７、３８が、燃料ガスの供給孔１４または排出孔１９に対向して設けられており、集電体３７、３８に複数の流通孔４１が形成されている。この流通孔４１により、燃料ガスの分散を効率良く行うことができる。
【００２７】
以上のように構成された燃料電池では、燃料電池セル９のスタック２２の側方から、燃料ガスが反応容器１の供給孔１４を介して供給され、余剰の燃料ガスが、燃料電池セル９のスタック２２の側方の反応容器１から排出孔１９を介して、燃料ガス排気室Ｅへ排出され、余剰の燃料ガスが連通孔１８を介して燃焼室Ｂ内に入る。
【００２８】
一方、酸素含有ガスとしての空気は、酸素含有ガス導入管１１を介して燃料電池セル９に供給され、余分な空気が燃焼室Ｂ内に排出され、この燃焼室Ｂ内で、連通孔１８を介して供給された余剰の燃料ガスと反応して燃焼し、排気ガスとして外部に排出される。
【００２９】
図４に燃料電池セルにおけるガスの流れを示す。燃料ガスはセル側方から導入され、セル側面で発電により酸化されながら進む。一方空気は酸素含有ガス導入管１１を介してセル上方よりセル内部下方へ導入され、セル内部下方より上部へと、酸素を消費しながら流れる。セル上部より排出された空気は、発電で消費されなかった燃料ガスと反応し、燃焼室Ｂ内で燃焼する。
【００３０】
以上のように構成された燃料電池では、燃料ガスはセル側方から導入され、セル側面で発電により酸化されながら進み、燃料電池セル９の長さ方向に対して一様な濃度の燃料ガスが供給されることになり、このため、１本の燃料電池セル９内で均等に起電力が生じ、燃料電池セル９のスタック２２では、異なる起電力の電池を並列接続ではなく、直列接続した回路と等価にでき、電力損失を大きく低減できる。
【００３１】
【発明の効果】
本発明の燃料電池では、反応容器の一方側面に、燃料電池セルの側方へ燃料ガスを供給する供給孔を形成し、反応容器の他方側面に、燃料電池セルの側方からの燃料ガスを排出する排出孔を設けたので、燃料電池セルのスタックの側方から供給された燃料ガスが、燃料電池セルのスタックの側方の反応容器から排出し、燃料電池セルの長さ方向に対して一様な濃度の燃料ガスが供給されることになり、このため、１本の燃料電池セル内で均等に起電力が生じ、燃料電池セルのスタックでは直列接続した回路と等価にでき、電力損失を大きく低減できる。従って、従来のような異なる起電力の電池を並列接続したものと等価な回路を除去できるため、電力損失を大きく低減して、出力電力を大きく向上できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の燃料電池の模式図である。
【図２】スタックを示す平面図である。
【図３】燃料電池セルの断面図である。
【図４】燃料電池セルのガスの流れを説明するための説明図である。
【図５】従来の燃料電池を示す模式図である。
【図６】従来の他の燃料電池を示す模式図である。
【符号の説明】
１・・・反応容器
９・・・固体電解質型燃料電池セル
１４・・・給気孔
１９・・・排気孔
２２・・・スタック
３７、３８・・・集電体
４１・・・流通孔[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fuel cell, and more particularly, to a fuel cell in which a plurality of bottomed cylindrical fuel cells are stood and accommodated at predetermined intervals in a reaction vessel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 5, the conventional solid oxide fuel cell includes an air chamber A and a combustion chamber B using an air chamber partition plate 53, a combustion chamber partition plate 55, and a fuel gas chamber partition plate 57 in a reaction vessel 51. A reaction chamber C and a fuel gas chamber D are formed.
[0003]
A plurality of bottomed cylindrical solid oxide fuel cells 59 accommodated in the reaction vessel 51 are inserted and fixed in a plurality of cell insertion holes 60 formed in the combustion chamber partition plate 55, respectively, and their openings 61 protrudes from the combustion chamber partition plate 55 into the combustion chamber B, and one end of an air introduction pipe 63 fixed to the air chamber partition plate 53 is inserted therein.
[0004]
A plurality of exhaust holes 64 are formed in the combustion chamber partition plate 55 in order to discharge surplus unreacted fuel gas from the reaction chamber C to the combustion chamber B. The fuel gas chamber partition plate 57 includes a fuel gas. Are supplied to the reaction chamber C from the fuel gas chamber D. A plurality of air supply holes are formed.
[0005]
Further, the reaction vessel 51 is formed with a fuel gas introduction port 65 for introducing a fuel gas made of, for example, hydrogen, an air introduction port 67 for introducing air, and an exhaust port 69 for discharging the gas burned in the combustion chamber B. Has been.
[0006]
Such a solid oxide fuel cell supplies the air from the air chamber A into the solid oxide fuel cell 59 via the air introduction pipe 63, and the fuel gas from the fuel gas chamber D, It is supplied between the plurality of solid oxide fuel cells 59 through the air supply holes of the fuel gas chamber partition plate 57, reacts in the reaction chamber C to generate electric power, and surplus air and unreacted fuel gas are generated in the combustion chamber B. The burned gas is discharged from the exhaust port 69 to the outside.
[0007]
However, since the conventional solid oxide fuel cell supplies fresh fuel gas to the bottom side of the fuel cell 59 and consumes fuel along the axial direction of the fuel cell 59, one fuel cell. At both ends of the cell 59, the fuel partial pressure in the atmospheric gas was extremely different from about 90% to 15%.
[0008]
Since the electromotive force of the fuel cell 59 is affected by the fuel partial pressure of the fuel gas, as described above, the electromotive force is different at both ends of the fuel cell 59, so that the inside of one fuel cell 59 In addition, there is a problem that a circuit equivalent to the case where batteries having different electromotive forces are connected in parallel is formed, resulting in power loss.
[0009]
In order to solve such a problem, for example, as disclosed in JP-A-4-294068, a fuel cell in which fuel gas is supplied to the side of the fuel cell is known.
[0010]
In the fuel cell disclosed in this publication, as shown in FIG. 6, supply holes 82 for supplying fuel gas are provided on opposite side surfaces of the reaction vessel 81, and supply holes 83 are provided on the bottom surface of the reaction vessel 81. The fuel gas was supplied from the side and the lower side of the fuel cell 85 accommodated in the reaction vessel 81, and excess fuel gas was discharged from the gap between the fuel cell 85 and the partition plate 87.
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the fuel cell disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-294068, the fuel gas is supplied from the supply holes 82 on both sides of the reaction vessel 81 facing each other and from the supply holes 83 on the bottom surface of the reaction vessel 81. Although the difference in electromotive force is reduced in the fuel cells 85 in the vicinity of the supply holes 82 and 83, excess fuel gas is discharged from the gap between the fuel cells 85 and the partition plate 87, that is, from above the reaction vessel 81. In the fuel cell 85 arranged in the center, the electromotive force difference is large at both ends of one fuel cell 85 as in the conventional case, and batteries of different electromotive forces are connected in parallel in one fuel cell 85. As a result, there is a problem that a circuit equivalent to that at the time is formed and the power loss is still large.
[0012]
An object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell that can generate substantially the same electromotive force on the entire surface of the fuel cell.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The fuel cell according to the present invention includes a plurality of bottomed cylindrical fuel cells that are supplied with air inside and are erected and accommodated in a reaction vessel at a predetermined interval. A plurality of supply holes for supplying fuel gas to the side of the fuel cell at a predetermined interval in the length direction of the fuel cell, and on the other side facing the one side of the reaction vessel, at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the fuel cells, a plurality of discharge holes for discharging the fuel gas from the side of the fuel cell, the direction in which the fuel gas is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the fuel cell It is what flows in.
[0014]
By adopting such a configuration, the distribution of the fuel partial pressure in the reaction chamber can be generated not in the length direction of the fuel cell, but in the side direction of the reaction vessel (width direction of the fuel cell), The fuel partial pressure of the fuel gas supplied to one fuel battery cell becomes substantially uniform, and an extreme electromotive force distribution in one fuel battery cell can be suppressed. In other words, the electromotive force in one fuel cell can be made uniform.
[0015]
That is, the fuel gas supplied from the side of the stack of fuel cells is discharged from the reaction vessel on the side of the stack of fuel cells and has a uniform concentration in the length direction of the fuel cells. As a result, fuel gas is supplied, and therefore it is possible to suppress the generation of extremely different electromotive forces in one fuel battery cell. In the stack of fuel battery cells, batteries of different electromotive forces cannot be connected in parallel. Therefore, it can be equivalent to a circuit connected in series, and the power loss can be greatly reduced. Accordingly, since a circuit equivalent to a conventional battery having different electromotive forces connected in parallel can be removed, power loss can be greatly reduced and output power can be greatly improved.
[0016]
Further, the fuel gas can be supplied most effectively to the stack of fuel cells by forming the fuel gas supply hole and the discharge hole on the opposite side surfaces of the reaction vessel.
[0017]
Furthermore, a pair of current collectors for taking out electric power from the stack of fuel cells is provided opposite to the fuel gas supply holes or discharge holes, and a circulation hole is formed in the current collector, thereby dispersing the fuel gas. Can be reliably performed, and the electromotive force in one fuel cell can be made more uniform.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the fuel cell of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1, an air chamber A, a combustion chamber B, and a reaction chamber C are formed in a reaction vessel 1 using an air chamber partition plate 3 and a combustion chamber partition plate 5. .
[0019]
A plurality of bottomed cylindrical solid oxide fuel cells 9 are accommodated in the reaction vessel 1, and upper ends thereof are inserted and fixed in a plurality of cell insertion holes 10 formed in the combustion chamber partition plate 5. The opening protrudes from the combustion chamber partition plate 5 into the combustion chamber B, and one end of an oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe 11 whose end is fixed to the air chamber partition plate 3 is inserted into the opening. Has been.
[0020]
A duct 12 is provided on one side surface of the reaction vessel 1, and one end thereof is a fuel gas introduction port 13 for introducing a fuel gas made of, for example, hydrogen, and the inside thereof disperses the fuel gas into the reaction chamber C. The fuel gas dispersion chamber D is supplied. A plurality of fuel gas supply holes 14 are formed in the side surface of the reaction vessel 1 in the fuel gas dispersion chamber D.
[0021]
Further, a duct 17 is provided on the other side surface of the reaction vessel 1, and the inside thereof is a fuel gas exhaust chamber E. The duct 17 is formed with a communication hole 18 for supplying surplus fuel gas to the combustion chamber B. A plurality of discharge holes 19 are formed in the side surface of the reaction vessel 1 in the fuel gas exhaust chamber E. The fuel gas supply hole 14 and the discharge hole 19 are formed on opposite side surfaces of the reaction vessel 1.
[0022]
Further, the reaction vessel 1 is formed with an exhaust port 20 for discharging the gas burned in the combustion chamber B to the outside and an air introduction port 21 for introducing air.
[0023]
A stack (aggregate) 22 of a plurality of fuel cells 9 as shown in FIG. 2 is accommodated in the reaction vessel 1, and the cells 9 are, for example, Y 2 O 3 stabilized ZrO as shown in FIG. The cylindrical solid electrolyte 23 made of 2 has an air electrode 24 made of LaMnO 3 system on the inner surface side and a fuel electrode 25 made of Ni—ZrO 2 system on the outer surface side, and is electrically connected to the air electrode 24 on the inner surface side. It is configured to have an interconnector 26 made of LaCrO 3 and connected and exposed on the outer surface of the cylinder.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 2, the stack 22 electrically connects a plurality of fuel cells 9 with the fuel electrode 25 of the adjacent cell 9 and the interconnector 26 via a connection member 27 such as Ni metal fiber. It is configured.
[0025]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the reaction vessel 1 includes a current collector 37 positioned in the outermost row of the stack 22 and in contact with the fuel electrode 25 via the connection member 27, and an outermost surface of the stack 22. A current collector 38 positioned in a row and in contact with the interconnector 26 via the connecting member 27 is accommodated, and the current collector 37 and the current collector 38 face each other with the stack 22 interposed therebetween. FIG. 2 shows a state in which the stack 22 is sandwiched between the current collector 37 and the current collector 38. Electric power is taken out through the current collector 37 and the current collector 38.
[0026]
That is, a pair of current collectors 37 and 38 for taking out electric power from the stack 22 of the fuel cells 9 is provided to face the fuel gas supply hole 14 or the discharge hole 19, and the current collectors 37 and 38. A plurality of flow holes 41 are formed in the inner wall. The circulation holes 41 can efficiently disperse the fuel gas.
[0027]
In the fuel cell configured as described above, the fuel gas is supplied from the side of the stack 22 of the fuel cell 9 through the supply hole 14 of the reaction vessel 1, and the surplus fuel gas is supplied to the fuel cell 9. The reaction vessel 1 on the side of the stack 22 is discharged to the fuel gas exhaust chamber E through the discharge hole 19, and excess fuel gas enters the combustion chamber B through the communication hole 18.
[0028]
On the other hand, air as an oxygen-containing gas is supplied to the fuel cell 9 through the oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe 11, and excess air is discharged into the combustion chamber B. In the combustion chamber B, the communication hole 18 is passed through. It reacts with the surplus fuel gas supplied via the gas and burns, and is discharged outside as exhaust gas.
[0029]
FIG. 4 shows the gas flow in the fuel cell. The fuel gas is introduced from the side of the cell and proceeds while being oxidized by power generation on the side surface of the cell. On the other hand, air is introduced from the upper part of the cell to the lower part inside the cell via the oxygen-containing gas introduction pipe 11 and flows from the lower part of the cell to the upper part while consuming oxygen. The air discharged from the upper part of the cell reacts with the fuel gas not consumed in the power generation and burns in the combustion chamber B.
[0030]
In the fuel cell configured as described above, the fuel gas is introduced from the side of the cell, proceeds while being oxidized by power generation on the side of the cell, and the fuel gas having a uniform concentration with respect to the length direction of the fuel cell 9 is generated. Therefore, an electromotive force is evenly generated in one fuel battery cell 9, and in the stack 22 of the fuel battery cell 9, a circuit in which batteries of different electromotive forces are connected in series, not in parallel The power loss can be greatly reduced.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
In the fuel cell of the present invention, a supply hole for supplying fuel gas to the side of the fuel cell is formed on one side of the reaction vessel, and the fuel gas from the side of the fuel cell is supplied to the other side of the reaction vessel. Since the discharge hole is provided, the fuel gas supplied from the side of the stack of fuel cells is discharged from the reaction vessel on the side of the stack of fuel cells, and the length of the fuel cells is A uniform concentration of fuel gas is supplied, and therefore, an electromotive force is generated evenly in one fuel cell, and the fuel cell stack can be equivalent to a circuit connected in series, resulting in power loss. Can be greatly reduced. Accordingly, since a circuit equivalent to a conventional battery having different electromotive forces connected in parallel can be removed, power loss can be greatly reduced and output power can be greatly improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a fuel cell of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a stack.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel cell.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining the flow of gas in a fuel cell.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a conventional fuel cell.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing another conventional fuel cell.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Reaction container 9 ... Solid electrolyte fuel cell 14 ... Air supply hole 19 ... Exhaust hole 22 ... Stack 37, 38 ... Current collector 41 ... Flow hole

Claims (2)

反応容器内に、内部に空気が供給される複数の有底筒状の燃料電池セルを所定間隔を置いて立設して収容するとともに、前記反応容器の一方側面に、前記燃料電池セルの長さ方向に所定間隔をおいて、前記燃料電池セルの側方へ燃料ガスを供給する供給孔を複数形成し、前記反応容器の前記一方側面に対向する他方側面に、前記燃料電池セルの長さ方向に所定間隔をおいて、前記燃料電池セルの側方からの燃料ガスを排出する排出孔を複数設け、燃料ガスが前記燃料電池セルの長さ方向と直交する方向に流れることを特徴とする燃料電池。In the reaction vessel, a plurality of bottomed cylindrical fuel cells, to which air is supplied, are erected and stored at a predetermined interval, and the length of the fuel cell is placed on one side of the reaction vessel. A plurality of supply holes for supplying fuel gas to the side of the fuel cell are formed at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, and the length of the fuel cell is formed on the other side surface of the reaction vessel facing the one side surface. A plurality of discharge holes for discharging fuel gas from the side of the fuel cell are provided at predetermined intervals in the direction, and the fuel gas flows in a direction orthogonal to the length direction of the fuel cell. Fuel cell. 複数の燃料電池セルの集合体であるスタックから電力を取り出すための一対の集電体が、燃料ガスの供給孔または排出孔に対向して設けられており、前記集電体に流通孔が形成されていることを特徴とする請求項１記載の燃料電池。A pair of current collectors for taking out electric power from the stack, which is an assembly of a plurality of fuel cells, is provided opposite to the fuel gas supply hole or discharge hole, and a flow hole is formed in the current collector. The fuel cell according to claim 1 , wherein the fuel cell is formed.
JP21701499A 1999-07-30 1999-07-30 Fuel cell Expired - Fee Related JP3668058B2 (en)

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KR100539649B1 (en) 2002-12-02 2005-12-29 산요덴키가부시키가이샤 Separator for fuel cell and fuel cell using the same
KR100576622B1 (en) * 2003-08-26 2006-05-08 쿄세라 코포레이션 Fuel cell container, fuel cell and electronic equipment
JP4942287B2 (en) * 2004-02-18 2012-05-30 東京瓦斯株式会社 Power generator
JP5079441B2 (en) * 2007-09-28 2012-11-21 株式会社日立製作所 Solid oxide fuel cell
JP2009129712A (en) * 2007-11-23 2009-06-11 Toto Ltd Fuel cell module, and fuel cell equipped with the same
JP5516946B2 (en) * 2009-11-27 2014-06-11 東京瓦斯株式会社 Off-gas combustion apparatus and off-gas combustion method for solid oxide fuel cell

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