JP3665782B2 - Spiral axial flow hot air dryer - Google Patents
Spiral axial flow hot air dryer Download PDFInfo
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- JP3665782B2 JP3665782B2 JP2002343898A JP2002343898A JP3665782B2 JP 3665782 B2 JP3665782 B2 JP 3665782B2 JP 2002343898 A JP2002343898 A JP 2002343898A JP 2002343898 A JP2002343898 A JP 2002343898A JP 3665782 B2 JP3665782 B2 JP 3665782B2
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/30—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotary or oscillating containers; with movement performed by rotary floors
- F26B17/32—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotary or oscillating containers; with movement performed by rotary floors the movement being in a horizontal or slightly inclined plane
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B17/00—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement
- F26B17/18—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs
- F26B17/20—Machines or apparatus for drying materials in loose, plastic, or fluidised form, e.g. granules, staple fibres, with progressive movement with movement performed by rotating helical blades or other rotary conveyors which may be heated moving materials in stationary chambers, e.g. troughs the axis of rotation being horizontal or slightly inclined
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/005—Treatment of dryer exhaust gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B3/00—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat
- F26B3/02—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air
- F26B3/04—Drying solid materials or objects by processes involving the application of heat by convection, i.e. heat being conveyed from a heat source to the materials or objects to be dried by a gas or vapour, e.g. air the gas or vapour circulating over or surrounding the materials or objects to be dried
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/18—Sludges, e.g. sewage, waste, industrial processes, cooling towers
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、畜産糞尿又は、食べ物の屑などのような水分の多い各種スラッジ状の乾燥対象物を効率よく乾燥させるための螺旋軸流式熱風乾燥機に関するものであり、より詳しくは、外面にスクリューブレードが形成された中空軸の内部に、バーナーから発生する高温の燃焼ガスを直接供給し、該燃焼ガスをスクリューブレード近傍の通孔を通じて噴出させ、スラッジを乾燥させる螺旋軸流式熱風乾燥機に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般に、汚水又は廃水のスラッジ、畜産糞尿、食べ物の屑などのような有機性汚染物質は、水分の含有量が多いため、移送又は保管に困難であり、また、埋め込みの際、浸出水の発生量が多く、環境の汚染をもたらすので、乾燥による方法で含水率を下げて処理するのが必須である。
このようなスラッジ状の汚染物質を処理する方法は、大別して、微生物を利用する微生物学的方法と熱を利用しスラッジを乾燥させる物理的方法がある。
このうち、物理的方法でスラッジを処理する方法としては、例えば、特許文献１に開示されたように、スラッジが投入される本体内部にスクリューを設け、スラッジを攪拌及び移送させ、本体外部から本体内部へ熱風を供給してスラッジを乾燥させる方法があるが、この方法は、スラッジと熱風との熱交換率が低いため、乾燥効率が下がり、短時間に充分な乾燥ができないという問題点があった。
その他に、特許文献２には、スクリューの内部にオイルを充填し、これを電気エネルギーで加熱して、高温のオイルから発生する熱でスラッジを乾燥させることが開示されており、特許文献３には、ローラーの中空軸に高温のスチームを供給し、その熱でスラッジを加熱して乾燥させることが開示されているが、両者とも投入エネルギーからの伝導熱と輻射熱によってのみスラッジの乾燥がなされるため、スラッジの乾燥に効率的に使用できず、エネルギーの損失される部分が多くて、エネルギーの効率が下がるだけでなく、乾燥速度が遅いため、同一量のスラッジを処理するためには、乾燥機の設備を大型化しなければならないという問題点があった。
【０００３】
【特許文献１】
韓国特許第１２０８３６号公報
【特許文献２】
韓国公開特許第２００１−００２７５１２号公報
【特許文献３】
韓国登録実用新案第２０−２０４５９５号公報
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記したような従来技術の問題点を解決するために開発されたものであり、バーナーにより燃焼された高温の燃焼ガス（熱風）を中空軸内部に供給し、中空軸の外面及びスクリューブレードと接触する被乾燥物を加熱・乾燥させながら、中空軸に形成された多数の通孔を通じて該燃焼ガスを排出させ、高温の該燃焼ガスを被乾燥物に直接接触させることにより、被乾燥物の内部撹乱と熱伝達通路が確保され、これにより、より効果的に乾燥を促進させる螺旋軸流式熱風乾燥機を提供する。
【０００５】
また、本発明は、中空軸の端部から排出される残余燃焼ガスを回収し、乾燥機本体に再供給することにより、スラッジの再乾燥でエネルギー効率を向上させ、これによって、小型の設備における多量のスラッジの乾燥をも可能にした螺旋軸流式熱風乾燥機を提供する。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明の螺旋軸流式熱風乾燥機は、少なくとも、長いスラッジ処理空間の一方の側の上部にスラッジを投入する投入ホッパーが形成され、該投入ホッパーが設けられる側とは反対側の下部に乾燥したスラッジを排出するスラッジ排出口が形成された乾燥機本体と、該乾燥機本体のスラッジ処理空間を長さ方向に貫通し、上下左右の方向への揺れが防止されるように四点支持ベアリングにより支持され、外面に長さ方向に連続するように、スラッジを移送及び攪拌させ、スラッジとの伝熱面積を広くするスクリューブレードが設けられ、該スクリューブレードの近傍位置に内部を流れる高温燃焼ガスがスラッジに直接噴射されるように、多数の通孔が形成され、該通孔がスラッジにより塞がらないように、塞がり防止板が形成された中空軸と、上記乾燥機本体の一方の端部に中空軸が回転可能になるように設けられ、モーターと減速機及びチェーンを含む駆動装置と、上記中空軸の、上記駆動装置とは反対側の端部に設けられ、高温の燃焼ガスを発生させるバーナーと、上記乾燥機本体の上部に設けられ、スラッジが有する水分と熱交換を終えた燃焼ガスとを排出する排気口又は排気ファン或いは排気口及び排気ファン等がその上部に形成された蓋体とからなることを特徴とする。
【０００７】
上記中空軸の一方の端部に、該中空軸が回転しても気密に保持されるラビリンスパッキング（labyrinth packing）等の公知の手段により、一方の端部が連結され、該一方の端部から乾燥機本体の残余熱風噴射孔に至るまで連結された残余ガス供給管が設けられる。
また、上記中空軸は、回転方向が互いに反対になるように二列設けられ、上記バーナーと中空軸との間には、バーナーから発生した高温の燃焼ガスを二列の中空軸に均等に分配する分配器を備えることが好ましい。
更に、上記中空軸の通孔は、スラッジの乾燥初期において、より多量の燃焼ガスが円滑に供給されるように、中空軸の後端と比較して先端の方により多数形成されるか、又はより大きく形成され、投入ホッパーからスラッジ処理空間へ投入される入口には、スラッジの残量に関わらずスラッジが一定量供給されるように、ダンパーが設けられる。
そして、本発明の螺旋軸流式熱風乾燥機は、二層以上の多段からなってもよく、この場合、一つの乾燥機本体の上に、別の乾燥機本体が重ねて設けられるように、上側の乾燥機本体のスラッジ排出口が下側の乾燥機本体の投入ホッパー内に設けられることとなる。
【０００８】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、添付の図面に基づいて、本発明による螺旋軸流式熱風乾燥機の好ましい実施の形態を詳細に説明する。
図１は、本発明による螺旋軸流式熱風乾燥機の全体構成を示す斜視図であり、図２は、図１の螺旋軸流式熱風乾燥機の蓋を取り外した状態の平面図であり、図３は、図２のＡ−Ａ線に沿って切断した断面図であり、図４ａ，ｂは、本発明の熱風乾燥機における中空軸の一部分を抜粋して示した詳細図であり、図５は、本発明の熱風乾燥機における中空軸の駆動装置を示した側面図である。
【０００９】
図１，２に示したように、乾燥機本体（１０）の内部には、二列の中空軸（２０）が、スラッジの処理空間を貫通して回転可能に設けられ、乾燥機本体（１０）の一方の側の上部にスラッジを投入する投入ホッパー（１１）が形成され、該投入ホッパー（１１）が設けられる側とは反対側の下部には、乾燥したスラッジを排出するスラッジ排出口（１２）が形成される。
【００１０】
上記投入ホッパー（１１）からスラッジ処理空間へ投入される入口には、図３に示すように、スラッジの残量に関わらずスラッジが一定量供給されるように、ダンパー（１４）が設けられ、該ダンパー（１４）は、下端が中空シャフト（２０）の回転に支障なくスクリューブレード（２１）の上部を覆う形状、即ち、スクリューブレード（２１）の中心上部を覆う弧状板材である。上記ダンパー（１４）の下端は、必ず弧状である必要はなく、スクリューブレード（２１）の上端と一致する程度で水平に形成することもできる。
【００１１】
上記乾燥機本体（１０）側面の熱風噴射孔（１３）と中空軸（２０）の端部との間には、該中空軸（２０）から排出される残余熱風を回収し、これを再度乾燥機本体（１０）内部のスラッジ処理空間に供給するように、残余燃焼ガス供給管（２４）が設けられており、該残余燃焼ガス供給管（２４）は、ラビリンスパッキング（図示せず）等の公知の手段により中空軸（２０）が回転しても、燃焼ガスが外部へ漏れないように、中空軸（２０）の一方の端部と連結されている。
【００１２】
上記熱風噴射孔（１３）は、図１，２には、乾燥機本体（１０）の一部分に集中的に配置して示しているが、乾燥機本体（１０）のスラッジ処理空間に全体的に均等に噴射されるように分散配置して、残余燃焼ガス供給管（２４）の端部を連結してもよい。
【００１３】
上記中空軸（２０）は、回転しつつも上下左右の方向への揺れが防止されるように、ベアリング（４５）により支持され、該ベアリング（４５）は、四点支持ベアリングを使用することが好ましい。
【００１４】
また、上記中空軸（２０）の他方の端部には、バーナー（３０）から発生する燃焼ガスを二列の中空軸（２０）に均一に分配する分配器（３１）が設けられており、該分配器（３１）も又残余燃焼ガス供給管（２４）と同様に、ラビリンスパッキング(図示せず)のような公知の手段により、中空軸（２０）が回転しても、燃焼ガスが外部に漏れないように連結されている。
【００１５】
特に、上記中空軸（２０）は、図４ａ，ｂに示したように、外面に長さ方向に連続するように、スラッジを移送及び攪拌させ、スラッジの伝熱面積を広くするスクリューブレード（２１）が形成されており、該スクリューブレード（２１）の近傍位置に中空軸（２０）の内部と外部を貫通する多数の通孔（２２）が穿孔され、中空軸（２０）の内部を流れる高温の熱風が中空軸（２０）の外部に存在するスラッジに直接噴射されるため、スラッジの乾燥を促進する。また、上記中空軸（２０）には、通孔（２２）がスラッジにより塞がらないように、塞がり防止板（２３）が形成されており、該塞がり防止板（２３）の形状は、中空軸（２０）の回転方向前側は塞がるようにして、回転によりスラッジが通孔（２２）を塞ぐことを防止し、回転方向後側は開いていて、熱風がスラッジに持続的に供給されるようにする。
【００１６】
また、上記中空軸（２０）とスクリューブレード（２１）に形成される通孔（２２）及び塞がり防止板（２３）は、図４ｂでは、スクリューブレード（２３）の１ピッチ当り３個であるが、中空軸（２０）及びスクリューブレード（２１）の直径に応じてその個数を変更して設けることが好ましく、少なくとも１個乃至６個まで設けることができる。
【００１７】
上記乾燥機本体（１０）の一方の端部には、図５に示すような、中空軸（２０）を回転させる駆動装置が設けられており、該駆動装置は、モーター（４０）とこのモーターの回転を減速させる減速機（４１）、回転力を伝達するチェーン（４２）及び駆動ギヤ−（４３）と従動ギヤ（４４）からなる。乾燥機本体（１０）に設けられる中空軸（２０）は、図１，２に示したように、二列であるので、上記二つの中空軸（２０）は、駆動ギヤ−（４３）と従動ギヤ（４４）とが噛み合って回転することにより、その回転方向が互いに反対になることが移送、攪拌及び乾燥の効率面から好ましい。
【００１８】
また、上記乾燥機本体（１０）の上部には、乾燥機本体（１０）から着脱可能な蓋体（５０）が設けられ、該蓋体（５０）にはスラッジから蒸発した蒸気と熱交換を完了した比較的低い温度の燃焼ガスを排出する排気口（５１）又は排気ファン（５２）を形成する。被乾燥物の水分含量は、その種類により異なるので、上記排気口（５１）又は排気ファン（５２）は、乾燥時、被乾燥物から発生した蒸気の排出が容易であるように調節可能でなければならない。
【００１９】
上記したように構成された本発明の螺旋軸流式熱風乾燥機は、乾燥機本体（１０）の一方に設けられた駆動装置のモーター（４０）を駆動させると共に、バーナー（３０）を稼働させる。このように、駆動装置のモーター（４０）の駆動により発生する動力は、減速機（４１）、チェーン（４２）、駆動ギヤ（４３）及び従動ギヤ（４４）を連動させ、上記駆動ギヤ（４３）と従動ギヤ（４４）の回転に伴い、一対をなす二つの中空軸（２０）が互いに異なる回転方向で回転する。この時、中空軸（２０）の回転数は、被乾燥物に応じて異なるが、通常１〜４ＲＰＭである。
【００２０】
これと同時に、バーナー（３０）により、燃料が燃焼して発生した高温の燃焼ガスは、分配器（３１）により均一に分配され、回転中である中空軸（２０）の内部へ供給され、中空軸（２０）の通孔（２２）を通じて乾燥機本体（１０）のスラッジ処理空間に噴出される。この時、分配器（３１）と残余燃焼ガス供給管（２４）との間で中空軸（２０）が回転するが、その連結部分にラビリンスパッキングを利用することにより、バーナー（３０）から供給される燃焼ガスの該連結部からの漏れが防止される。
【００２１】
このように、駆動装置とバーナー（３０）を稼働させ、本発明の熱風乾燥機が予熱される時点で、乾燥機本体（１０）の投入ホッパー（１１）に被乾燥物であるスラッジを投入すると、該スラッジは回転する中空軸（２０）のスクリューブレード（２１）により、乾燥機本体（１０）の端部のスラッジ排出口（１２）に向かって移送され始める。この時、投入ホッパー（１１）内のスラッジは、ダンパー（１４）により投入ホッパー（１１）内の残量に関わらず一定量供給される。
【００２２】
このように、投入ホッパー（１１）から投入されたスラッジはスラッジ処理空間に移送されながら、中空軸（２０）及びその外面のスクリューブレード（２１）から発生する輻射熱及び伝導熱により一次乾燥されるとともに、中空軸（２０）の通孔（２２）を通じて噴出する高温の燃焼ガスにより撹乱され、熱伝達通路を確保しながら二次乾燥される。
【００２３】
特に、スラッジの乾燥初期、即ち、投入ホッパー（１１）からスラッジ処理空間に供給された直後の部分の中空軸（２０）に、その後段より多数の通孔（２２）を形成するか又は大きな通孔を形成することにより、多量の燃焼ガスを円滑に供給し、より早い段階でのスラッジの乾燥を図ることができる。
【００２４】
このように、中空軸（２０）が連続して回転するため、スラッジは乾燥機本体（１０）のスラッジ排出口（１２）に向かって移動しながら次第に乾燥される。加えて、スラッジがスラッジ処理空間を通過する間に中空軸（２０）内の通孔（２２）を通じてはスラッジ処理空間に排出されない中空軸（２０）内の残余燃焼ガスは、残余燃焼ガス供給管（２４）を通って、乾燥機本体（１０）の残余ガス噴射孔（１３）を通じてスラッジ処理空間に排出され、スラッジの乾燥に活用される。
【００２５】
上述のように、スラッジの乾燥により、スラッジから蒸発した蒸気と熱交換を完了した比較的低い温度の燃焼ガス（熱風）は、蓋体（５０）の排気口（５１）と排気ファン（５２）とを通じて大気に排出される。
【００２６】
上述で説明した螺旋軸流式熱風乾燥機は、二つの中空軸が連動される一段の乾燥機であるが、被乾燥物の含水率をより低下させる必要がある場合には、本発明の螺旋軸流式熱風乾燥機を二層以上重ねて設けるか、又は、水平方向に延長して連結して設けることにより、スラッジ排出口（１２）から排出される一次乾燥された被乾燥物を再乾燥させる多段の乾燥機として構成することができる。
【００２７】
これとは別に、乾燥機本体（１０）の幅を小さくしてトンネル型に設けて、一つの中空軸（２０）のみを設けることもでき、この場合、駆動装置は、モーター（４０）の減速機（４１）とチェーン（４２）を通じて伝達される動力が、中空軸（２０）に直接伝達されるように設けることとなる。そして、乾燥機本体の側面には排気口の調節が可能な数個のダンパーを一つに連結し、その端部に排気ファン又は真空ポンプを設けることもできる。
【００２８】
【発明の効果】
上述で詳細に説明したように、本発明による螺旋軸流式熱風乾燥機は、バーナーにより燃焼された高温の燃焼ガス（熱風）を中空軸内部へ供給し、中空軸の外面及びスクリューブレードと接触する被乾燥物を加熱・乾燥させながら、該燃焼ガスを中空軸に形成された多数の通孔を通じて排出させ、高温の燃焼ガスを被乾燥物に直接接触させることにより、被乾燥物の内部撹乱と熱伝達通路が確保でき、これによってより効果的に乾燥を促進する。
【００２９】
また、中空軸の端部から排出される残余燃焼ガスを回収し、乾燥機本体に再供給するため、スラッジの再乾燥によりエネルギーの効率を向上させ、エネルギーの損失が少なく、設置空間も小さくなり、又、多量のスラッジを乾燥させる作用及び効果を奏する。
【００３０】
以下、本発明が保護を受けようとする技術的範囲は、特許請求の範囲で特定されるはずであるが、本発明の詳細な説明で言及した構成において、単に設計を変更した構成は、本発明の技術的範囲に属することは言うまでもない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本発明に係る螺旋軸流式熱風乾燥機の全体構成を示した斜視図である。
【図２】 本発明に係る螺旋軸流式熱風乾燥機の蓋体を取り外した状態の平面図である。
【図３】 図２のＡ−Ａ線に沿って切断した断面図である。
【図４】 ａは本発明の熱風乾燥機で中空軸の一部分を抜粋して示した拡大図である。
ｂは本発明に係る中空軸の側面図である。
【図５】 本発明の熱風乾燥機における中空軸の駆動装置を示した側面図である。
【符号の説明】
１０ 乾燥機本体 １１ 投入ホッパー
１２ スラッジ排出口 １４ ダンパー
２０ 中空軸 ２１ スクリューブレード
２２ 通孔 ３０ バーナー
４０ モーター ４１ 減速機
４２ チェーン ４３ 駆動ギヤ
４４ 従動ギヤ ４５ ベアリング
５０ 蓋体 ５１ 排気口
５２ 排気ファン[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a helical axial flow hot air dryer for efficiently drying various sludge-like drying objects such as livestock manure or food waste, and more specifically, on the outer surface. A spiral axial flow hot air dryer that directly feeds high-temperature combustion gas generated from a burner into a hollow shaft in which a screw blade is formed, ejects the combustion gas through a through hole near the screw blade, and dries sludge. It is about.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, organic pollutants such as sludge or wastewater sludge, livestock manure, food waste, etc. are difficult to transport or store due to their high water content, and leachate is generated during embedding. Since the amount is large and causes environmental pollution, it is essential to reduce the water content by the drying method.
Methods for treating such sludge-like contaminants can be broadly classified into a microbiological method using microorganisms and a physical method for drying sludge using heat.
Among these, as a method of treating sludge by a physical method, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a screw is provided inside a main body into which sludge is charged, and the sludge is stirred and transferred, so that the main body is externally attached to the main body. There is a method of drying the sludge by supplying hot air to the inside, but this method has the problem that the drying efficiency is lowered because the heat exchange rate between the sludge and the hot air is low, and sufficient drying cannot be performed in a short time. It was.
In addition, Patent Document 2 discloses that oil is filled in a screw, which is heated with electric energy, and sludge is dried by heat generated from high-temperature oil. Discloses that high temperature steam is supplied to the hollow shaft of the roller and the sludge is heated and dried by the heat, but both sludge is dried only by conduction heat and radiant heat from the input energy. Therefore, it can not be used efficiently for sludge drying, there are many parts where energy is lost, not only energy efficiency is lowered, but also the drying speed is slow, so to treat the same amount of sludge, There was a problem that the equipment of the machine had to be enlarged.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Korean Patent No. 120836 [Patent Document 2]
Korean Published Patent No. 2001-0027512 [Patent Document 3]
Korean Registered Utility Model No. 20-204595 [0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been developed to solve the above-described problems of the prior art. A high-temperature combustion gas (hot air) burned by a burner is supplied into the hollow shaft, and the outer surface of the hollow shaft and While the object to be dried contacting the screw blade is heated and dried, the combustion gas is discharged through a large number of through holes formed in the hollow shaft, and the high temperature combustion gas is brought into direct contact with the object to be dried. Provided is a helical axial flow hot air dryer that ensures internal disturbance of the dried product and a heat transfer passage, thereby promoting drying more effectively.
[0005]
Further, the present invention recovers residual combustion gas discharged from the end of the hollow shaft and re-supplies it to the dryer body, thereby improving the energy efficiency by re-drying the sludge. A helical axial flow hot air dryer capable of drying a large amount of sludge is provided.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the helical axial flow hot air dryer according to the present invention has at least a charging hopper for charging sludge formed on an upper portion of one side of a long sludge treatment space, and the side on which the charging hopper is provided. The main body of the dryer, which has a sludge discharge port for discharging the dried sludge at the lower part on the opposite side, and the sludge treatment space of the main body of the dryer are penetrated in the length direction to prevent shaking in the vertical and horizontal directions. As shown in the figure, there is provided a screw blade that is supported by a four-point support bearing and that is continuous with the outer surface in the length direction so that the sludge is transferred and stirred, and the heat transfer area with the sludge is widened. A large number of through holes are formed so that the high-temperature combustion gas flowing in the position is directly injected into the sludge, and the through holes are not blocked by the sludge. A hollow shaft on which a plate is formed; a driving device including a motor, a speed reducer, and a chain, provided at one end of the dryer main body so as to be rotatable; and the driving of the hollow shaft. A burner that is provided at the end opposite to the apparatus and generates high-temperature combustion gas, and an exhaust port that is provided at the top of the dryer main body and discharges moisture contained in the sludge and the combustion gas after heat exchange. Alternatively, an exhaust fan or an exhaust port and an exhaust fan are formed of a lid formed on the upper portion thereof.
[0007]
One end of the hollow shaft is connected to the one end by a known means such as labyrinth packing that is kept airtight even when the hollow shaft rotates. A residual gas supply pipe connected to the residual hot air injection hole of the dryer main body is provided.
The hollow shafts are provided in two rows so that the rotational directions are opposite to each other, and the high-temperature combustion gas generated from the burner is evenly distributed between the burners and the hollow shafts to the two rows of hollow shafts. It is preferable to provide a distributor.
Furthermore, the through holes of the hollow shaft may be formed in a larger number toward the front end than the rear end of the hollow shaft so that a larger amount of combustion gas is smoothly supplied in the initial stage of sludge drying, or A damper is provided at an inlet which is formed larger and is supplied from the charging hopper to the sludge processing space so that a certain amount of sludge is supplied regardless of the remaining amount of sludge.
And the spiral axial flow hot air dryer of the present invention may be composed of two or more layers, and in this case, another dryer body is provided on top of one dryer body, The sludge discharge port of the upper dryer body is provided in the charging hopper of the lower dryer body.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a spiral axial flow hot air dryer according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of a spiral axial flow hot air dryer according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the spiral axial flow hot air dryer of FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. 2, and FIGS. 4a and 4b are detailed views showing a part of the hollow shaft in the hot air dryer of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a side view showing a hollow shaft driving device in the hot air dryer of the present invention.
[0009]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, two rows of hollow shafts (20) are provided inside the dryer main body (10) so as to be able to rotate through the sludge processing space. ) Is formed in the upper part on one side of the slag), and a sludge discharge port (for discharging dry sludge) (on the side opposite to the side on which the hopper (11) is provided) 12) is formed.
[0010]
As shown in FIG. 3, a damper (14) is provided at the inlet to be introduced into the sludge processing space from the charging hopper (11) so that a constant amount of sludge is supplied regardless of the remaining amount of sludge. The damper (14) is an arc-shaped plate material whose lower end covers the upper part of the screw blade (21) without hindering the rotation of the hollow shaft (20), that is, the upper center part of the screw blade (21). The lower end of the damper (14) does not necessarily have an arc shape, and can be formed horizontally so as to coincide with the upper end of the screw blade (21).
[0011]
Residual hot air discharged from the hollow shaft (20) is collected between the hot air injection hole (13) on the side surface of the dryer main body (10) and the end of the hollow shaft (20), and dried again. A residual combustion gas supply pipe (24) is provided so as to be supplied to the sludge treatment space inside the machine body (10), and the residual combustion gas supply pipe (24) is a labyrinth packing (not shown) or the like. Even if the hollow shaft (20) is rotated by known means, it is connected to one end of the hollow shaft (20) so that the combustion gas does not leak to the outside.
[0012]
The hot air injection holes (13) are shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in a concentrated manner in a part of the dryer main body (10). However, the hot air injection holes (13) are entirely disposed in the sludge treatment space of the dryer main body (10). The ends of the residual combustion gas supply pipe (24) may be connected by being distributed so as to be injected evenly.
[0013]
The hollow shaft (20) is supported by a bearing (45) so as to prevent swinging in the vertical and horizontal directions while rotating, and the bearing (45) may be a four-point support bearing. preferable.
[0014]
The other end of the hollow shaft (20) is provided with a distributor (31) for uniformly distributing the combustion gas generated from the burner (30) to the two rows of hollow shafts (20), Similarly to the remaining combustion gas supply pipe (24), the distributor (31) is also free from combustion gas even if the hollow shaft (20) is rotated by a known means such as a labyrinth packing (not shown). It is connected so as not to leak.
[0015]
In particular, as shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b, the hollow shaft (20) has a screw blade (21 that increases the heat transfer area of the sludge by transferring and stirring sludge so as to be continuous with the outer surface in the length direction. ) Are formed, and a large number of through holes (22) penetrating the inside and the outside of the hollow shaft (20) are perforated at positions near the screw blade (21), and the high temperature flowing through the hollow shaft (20). Since the hot air is directly injected into the sludge existing outside the hollow shaft (20), drying of the sludge is promoted. The hollow shaft (20) is formed with a blocking prevention plate (23) so that the through hole (22) is not blocked by sludge. The blocking prevention plate (23) has a hollow shaft ( 20) The front side in the rotational direction is closed to prevent the sludge from blocking the through hole (22) due to the rotation, and the rear side in the rotational direction is open so that hot air is continuously supplied to the sludge. .
[0016]
Further, in FIG. 4b, there are three through holes (22) and blocking prevention plates (23) formed in the hollow shaft (20) and the screw blade (21) per pitch of the screw blade (23). The number of hollow shafts (20) and screw blades (21) is preferably changed according to the diameter, and at least 1 to 6 can be provided.
[0017]
A driving device for rotating the hollow shaft (20) as shown in FIG. 5 is provided at one end of the dryer body (10). The driving device includes the motor (40) and the motor. A speed reducer (41) that decelerates rotation, a chain (42) that transmits rotational force, a drive gear (43), and a driven gear (44). Since the hollow shaft (20) provided in the dryer main body (10) has two rows as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the two hollow shafts (20) are driven by the drive gear (43). It is preferable from the viewpoint of efficiency of transfer, stirring, and drying that the rotation directions of the gears (44) are opposite to each other by rotating in mesh with each other.
[0018]
In addition, a lid body (50) that can be detached from the dryer body (10) is provided at the top of the dryer body (10), and the lid body (50) exchanges heat with the vapor evaporated from the sludge. An exhaust port (51) or an exhaust fan (52) for discharging the completed relatively low temperature combustion gas is formed. Since the moisture content of the material to be dried varies depending on the type, the exhaust port (51) or the exhaust fan (52) must be adjustable so that the steam generated from the material to be dried can be easily discharged during drying. I must.
[0019]
The helical axial flow hot air dryer of the present invention configured as described above drives the motor (40) of the driving device provided on one side of the dryer body (10) and operates the burner (30). . Thus, the power generated by the drive of the motor (40) of the drive device is obtained by interlocking the speed reducer (41), the chain (42), the drive gear (43) and the driven gear (44), and the drive gear (43 ) And the driven gear (44), the pair of two hollow shafts (20) rotate in different rotation directions. At this time, the rotational speed of the hollow shaft (20) varies depending on the object to be dried, but is usually 1 to 4 RPM.
[0020]
At the same time, the high-temperature combustion gas generated by the combustion of the fuel by the burner (30) is uniformly distributed by the distributor (31) and is supplied to the inside of the rotating hollow shaft (20). It is ejected into the sludge treatment space of the dryer main body (10) through the through hole (22) of the shaft (20). At this time, the hollow shaft (20) rotates between the distributor (31) and the residual combustion gas supply pipe (24), and is supplied from the burner (30) by using labyrinth packing at the connecting portion. Leakage of combustion gas from the connecting portion is prevented.
[0021]
As described above, when the driving device and the burner (30) are operated and the hot air dryer of the present invention is preheated, the sludge as the material to be dried is charged into the charging hopper (11) of the dryer main body (10). The sludge begins to be transferred toward the sludge discharge port (12) at the end of the dryer body (10) by the screw blade (21) of the rotating hollow shaft (20). At this time, a certain amount of sludge in the charging hopper (11) is supplied by the damper (14) regardless of the remaining amount in the charging hopper (11).
[0022]
In this way, the sludge charged from the charging hopper (11) is primarily dried by the radiant heat and conduction heat generated from the hollow shaft (20) and the screw blade (21) on the outer surface while being transferred to the sludge treatment space. It is disturbed by the high-temperature combustion gas ejected through the through hole (22) of the hollow shaft (20), and is secondarily dried while ensuring a heat transfer passage.
[0023]
In particular, a large number of through holes (22) are formed in the hollow shaft (20) in the initial stage of sludge drying, i.e., immediately after being supplied to the sludge treatment space from the charging hopper (11). By forming the holes, it is possible to smoothly supply a large amount of combustion gas and to dry the sludge at an earlier stage.
[0024]
Thus, since the hollow shaft (20) rotates continuously, the sludge is gradually dried while moving toward the sludge discharge port (12) of the dryer body (10). In addition, the residual combustion gas in the hollow shaft (20) that is not discharged into the sludge treatment space through the through hole (22) in the hollow shaft (20) while the sludge passes through the sludge treatment space is a residual combustion gas supply pipe. Through (24), it is discharged into the sludge treatment space through the residual gas injection holes (13) of the dryer main body (10) and used for drying the sludge.
[0025]
As described above, the relatively low-temperature combustion gas (hot air) that has completed heat exchange with the vapor evaporated from the sludge by drying the sludge is discharged from the exhaust port (51) and the exhaust fan (52) of the lid (50). And discharged into the atmosphere.
[0026]
The helical axial flow hot air dryer described above is a one-stage dryer in which two hollow shafts are interlocked. However, when it is necessary to further reduce the moisture content of an object to be dried, the spiral of the present invention is used. By drying two or more layers of axial-flow hot air dryers or by connecting them by extending in the horizontal direction, the dried material to be dried primarily discharged from the sludge discharge port (12) is re-dried. It can be configured as a multi-stage dryer.
[0027]
Alternatively, the width of the dryer body (10) can be reduced and provided in a tunnel shape, and only one hollow shaft (20) can be provided. In this case, the drive device is used to reduce the speed of the motor (40). The power transmitted through the machine (41) and the chain (42) is provided so as to be transmitted directly to the hollow shaft (20). And several dampers which can adjust an exhaust port are connected to the side of a dryer main body, and an exhaust fan or a vacuum pump can also be provided in the end.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, the helical axial flow hot air dryer according to the present invention supplies high-temperature combustion gas (hot air) combusted by a burner to the inside of the hollow shaft, and contacts the outer surface of the hollow shaft and the screw blade. While the object to be dried is heated and dried, the combustion gas is discharged through a large number of through holes formed in the hollow shaft, and the high-temperature combustion gas is brought into direct contact with the object to be dried, thereby causing internal disturbance of the object to be dried. And a heat transfer passage can be secured, thereby promoting drying more effectively.
[0029]
In addition, the remaining combustion gas discharged from the end of the hollow shaft is collected and re-supplied to the dryer body, so the sludge is re-dried to improve energy efficiency, reduce energy loss, and reduce installation space. In addition, there is an effect and effect of drying a large amount of sludge.
[0030]
Hereinafter, the technical scope of the present invention to be protected should be specified in the scope of the claims, but in the configuration referred to in the detailed description of the present invention, the configuration simply changed in design is It goes without saying that it belongs to the technical scope of the invention.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of a helical axial flow hot air dryer according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the spiral axial hot air dryer according to the present invention with a lid removed.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 4A is an enlarged view showing a part of a hollow shaft extracted from the hot air dryer according to the present invention.
b is a side view of the hollow shaft according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing a hollow shaft driving device in the hot air dryer of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (8)
前記乾燥機本体（１０）のスラッジ処理空間を長さ方向に貫通し、上下左右の方向への揺れが防止されるように四点支持ベアリング（４５）により支持され、その外面に長さ方向に連続するように、スラッジを移送及び攪拌させ、スラッジとの伝熱面積を広くするスクリューブレード（２１）が設けられ、前記スクリューブレード（２１）の近傍位置に内部を流れる高温燃焼ガスがスラッジに直接噴射されるように、多数の通孔（２２）が形成され、前記通孔（２２）がスラッジにより塞がらないように、塞がり防止板（２３）が形成された中空軸と、
前記乾燥機本体（１０）の一方の端部に中空軸（２０）が回転可能になるように設けられ、モーター（４０）と減速機（４１）及びチェーン（４２）を含む駆動装置と、
前記中空軸（２０）の、前記駆動装置とは反対側の端部に設けられ、高温の燃焼ガスを発生させるバーナー（３０）と、
前記乾燥機本体（１０）の上部に設けられ、スラッジが有する水分と熱交換を終えた燃焼ガスとを排出するための排気口（５１）又は排気ファン（５２）或いは排気口（５１）及び排気ファン（５２）がその上部に形成された蓋体（５０）と、からなることを特徴とする螺旋軸流式熱風乾燥機。At least, a charging hopper (11) for charging sludge is formed at the upper part of one side of the long sludge treatment space, and a sludge discharge port for discharging dried sludge at the lower part opposite to the side where the charging hopper is provided ( 12) a dryer body (10) formed with;
The sludge treatment space of the dryer body (10) penetrates in the length direction and is supported by a four-point support bearing (45) so as to prevent shaking in the vertical and horizontal directions. A screw blade (21) is provided to continuously transfer and agitate the sludge so as to increase the heat transfer area with the sludge, and the high-temperature combustion gas flowing inside the screw blade (21) is directly passed to the sludge. A hollow shaft formed with a blocking prevention plate (23) so that a large number of through holes (22) are formed so as to be injected, and the through holes (22) are not blocked by sludge;
A drive device including a motor (40), a speed reducer (41), and a chain (42), provided at one end of the dryer body (10) so that a hollow shaft (20) is rotatable;
A burner (30) that is provided at an end of the hollow shaft (20) opposite to the driving device and generates high-temperature combustion gas;
An exhaust port (51) or an exhaust fan (52) or an exhaust port (51) and exhaust for exhausting the moisture contained in the sludge and the combustion gas after heat exchange, which is provided in the upper part of the dryer body (10). A spiral axial flow type hot air dryer characterized in that a fan (52) comprises a lid (50) formed on an upper portion thereof.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR2002-016197 | 2002-03-25 | ||
| KR10-2002-0016197A KR100436985B1 (en) | 2002-03-25 | 2002-03-25 | Spiral and axial heat flow type dryer |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003287371A JP2003287371A (en) | 2003-10-10 |
| JP3665782B2 true JP3665782B2 (en) | 2005-06-29 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP2002343898A Expired - Fee Related JP3665782B2 (en) | 2002-03-25 | 2002-11-27 | Spiral axial flow hot air dryer |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP3665782B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR100436985B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1214228C (en) |
| TW (1) | TWI254786B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| KR100725747B1 (en) * | 2005-12-22 | 2007-06-08 | 김기태 | System for dehydrating and drying sludges |
| KR100813467B1 (en) * | 2006-10-12 | 2008-03-13 | 삼창기업 주식회사 | Sludge drying machine for treating industrial sludge |
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| JPS62172179A (en) * | 1986-01-25 | 1987-07-29 | 株式会社クボタ | Spiral carrying type drier |
| KR0120836B1 (en) * | 1994-10-05 | 1997-10-29 | 한병기 | Fluidized bed-screw hybrid drier |
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| KR20020018462A (en) * | 2000-09-02 | 2002-03-08 | 김정곤 | Solid drier |
| KR20010035103A (en) * | 2000-12-23 | 2001-05-07 | 임정홍 | Hot air dryer of screw conveyor with impeller |
-
2002
- 2002-03-25 KR KR10-2002-0016197A patent/KR100436985B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-10-04 TW TW091123019A patent/TWI254786B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-11-13 CN CNB021494029A patent/CN1214228C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP2003287371A (en) | 2003-10-10 |
| TWI254786B (en) | 2006-05-11 |
| CN1214228C (en) | 2005-08-10 |
| CN1447087A (en) | 2003-10-08 |
| KR100436985B1 (en) | 2004-06-23 |
| KR20030077226A (en) | 2003-10-01 |
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