JP3620030B2 - Liquid flow regulation method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method for regulating the flow of liquid, in particular, a method for regulating the flow of a heat medium used for the purpose of snow melting / cooling / heat collection / heat radiation, etc. The present invention relates to a flow-down method that promotes the diffusion of liquid, a diffusion supply method that distributes a hydroponics solution evenly, or a method that transports a mixed liquid containing solids such as mud and mortar and water in a stable state.
The flow down regulation method of the present invention is a flow down regulation method for the diffusion uniform distribution of liquid if the liquid is liquid without solids, and when the liquid contains solids, the diffusion of liquid is mixed. This is a flow-down regulation method that induces lateral movement of the liquid and suppresses separation of solids from the liquid. Hereinafter, these methods are collectively referred to as a liquid flow-down regulation method.
In describing the present invention, for the sake of convenience, a description will be given in relation to snow melting techniques for a snow-covered roof. The term “snow cover” as used herein includes tiled roofs, tiled rod roofs, planed roofs, other types of roofs, flexible tent roofs, dome-shaped roofs with large film structures, concrete building walls, and road surfaces. It is a concept.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The Applicant has made various studies on roofs and other snow removal using flow regulation tape. Taking Okayama Prefecture, where the applicant is resident, as an example, the Chugoku Mountain Range lies near the border of Tottori Prefecture, and there is a considerable amount of snowfall every year on the south slope of this mountainous area. In the Hokuriku and Tohoku regions, there is a lot of snow in the inland area beyond the mountain from the Japanese side, and it has suffered snow damage due to heavy snowfall for many years.
[0003]
There are various methods for melting snow. For example, a method of installing a heat exchanger on a snow-covered surface or flowing snow directly on a roof to melt snow is performed. The object of the technical problem solution of the present invention is for the shortcomings of snow melting technology by running water. The running snow melting technology on the roof is similar to the running snow removal on the road using a large amount of groundwater found in cities in the Tohoku region.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the present invention]
Since running snow removal is a method of predicting the amount of snowfall, obtaining the amount of snow melting required, and specifying the temperature and flow rate of the supplied water corresponding to this, the total amount of water in all cases is extremely large. Since water tends to converge or diverge, there is no recognition that snow melting can be done effectively with a small amount of halfway water, and if there is only a small amount of water available, such flowing snow melting is actually It has been considered impossible. When using groundwater, it is usual that a sufficient amount of water cannot be secured, and the current situation is that the running snowmelt on the roof is not used unexpectedly.
[0005]
If there is insufficient water flowing along the snow surface, a tunnel will be formed below the snow layer and eventually an arched snow bridge will be created. Since the snow forming the snow bridge is relatively sticky, the snow bridge may remain undisrupted, and snow accumulates on the top, losing the snow melting effect.
An object of the present invention is to provide a specific method for performing effective snow removal by providing a reliable snow removal function on the snow-covering surfaces of existing roofs, new roofs, and various structures through simple operations without requiring high capital investment. Is to provide.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve such disadvantages of the prior art, a region where a large number of parallel ridge-like projections having liquid absorbability are arranged in the direction crossing the flow direction of the liquid along the flow path of the liquid absorption material is provided. The flowing liquid supplied to the material is absorbed by the ridge-like protrusions, and spreads laterally along the ridge-like protrusions to flow over the ridge-like protrusions, and the liquid is diffused over the entire surface of the subsequent liquid-absorbing material. I try to let them.
[0007]
[Action]
The liquid-absorbing material has an arbitrary width. A large number of parallel ridge-like projections provided across the arbitrary lateral width have liquid absorbency. The heat medium supplied on the liquid absorbent material or at the upper end of the liquid absorbent material tries to flow down along the liquid absorbent material, but it is forced to diffuse laterally by the ridge-like protrusions, and there is no ridge-like protrusion. Compared to the liquid-absorbing material, it spreads sideways and covers the entire surface. The velocity under this diffusion flow is relatively uniform along the material surface and does not stagnate locally.
If the area of the snow cover is large, a large number of heat medium supply points are required, but by providing such a positive lateral diffusion performance, heat is supplied from a relatively small number of heat medium supply points to the entire surface of the liquid-absorbing material. The medium can be supplied by diffusion.
Even if the heat medium supply location is not in a specific place, the heat medium encountered in the liquid absorbent material is captured by the liquid absorbent material, and actively exhibits the behavior of spreading laterally due to the ridge-like projections of the liquid absorbent material. The liquid-absorbing material need not be continuous in the flow direction of the heat medium.
[0008]
In other words, the heat medium flowing into the liquid absorbent material from an unspecified portion above the liquid absorbent material flows over the ridge-shaped protrusions, and at that time, the heat medium is captured by the ridge-shaped protrusions. Move sideways along the ridges. This moving speed exceeds the impregnation speed of the liquid-absorbing material itself with respect to the heat medium, and the flow surface of the heat medium rapidly spreads sideways as the heat medium moves laterally. Once the heat medium covers the liquid absorbing material, the surface of the liquid absorbing material is well adapted to the heat medium, and the heat medium flowing into the liquid absorbing material is always properly diffused.
When woven fabric is used, the liquid absorption performance of the ridge-like projections can be adjusted in the lateral direction and between the projections adjacent in the vertical direction by appropriately selecting the nature, thickness, and weaving method of the yarn / twisted yarn to be used. In addition, the length of the ridge-like projection (the degree of swelling) can be freely selected. The ridge-like projections formed in this way can be arranged in a very fine manner in a very fine manner, and a stable behavior in the lateral direction of the heat medium can be reliably induced.
When the liquid-absorbing material is used for melting snow, the snow medium absorbs the heat medium held by the liquid-absorbing material that diffuses and flows down evenly, and good heat exchange is performed with the snow-falling particles. The melted water of snow is captured by the liquid-absorbing material and is effectively used as a heat source for melting snow of other snow.
[0009]
If a liquid absorbent material exhibiting such heat medium absorption characteristics is used, for example, anyone can perform simple on-site work by appropriately mounting the liquid absorbent material that is wound and stored in a roll shape along the flow path of the heat medium. However, it is very practical because it can easily create a snow melting surface. The liquid-absorbing material can form a downward flow path that is continuous in the vertical direction, or can be arranged at an appropriate interval in the vertical direction or in the vertical and horizontal directions.
Even if the liquid-absorbing material is placed on the support surface and used, it can be installed by using a frame or a wire as the sheet material. When used as a sheet material, a coating layer can be adhered to the surface of the liquid-absorbing material. This sheet material can be used as a single body, or can be used by being superposed on another sheet.
[0010]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are a perspective explanatory view and a longitudinal sectional explanatory view showing a specific example in which the flow down regulation method according to the present invention is applied to snow melting on a roof tile roof.
The snowy surface is covered with a flat liquid-absorbing material 2. In the illustrated example, the liquid absorbing material 2 is composed of an area 2a where ridge-like protrusions are arranged at the lower part of the liquid supply means 1, and a liquid absorbing material portion 2b following the ridge-like protrusion area 2a. The liquid absorbing material 2 is supplied with a heat medium for melting snow from the liquid supply means 1. The heat medium is a liquid having a property that serves as a priming water for melting snow, for example, warm water such as groundwater. Snow particles absorb the heat medium flowing down along the liquid-absorbing material. If the snow particles absorb a part of the heat medium flowing down from the liquid-absorbing material, the white color of the snow disappears, the snow dissolves quickly, and a transparent sherbet is formed in part. Since the specific gravity of the sherbet is less than 1, if there is a sherbet that floats on the heat medium, the sherbet in the floating state can easily flow along the flow path due to the flow velocity of the heat medium.
[0011]
The liquid absorbent material 2 can be provided with ridge-like projection areas 2a at intervals, and the ridge-like projection areas can be communicated with each other through the liquid absorbent material portion 2b. In this case, the lower ridge-like projection area receives the liquid flowing out from the upper ridge-like projection area and flowing down along the liquid-absorbing material portion. What is necessary is just to set the space | interval of a corrugated projection area | region according to the convergence tendency of the liquid which flows down the liquid absorption raw material part. The liquid absorbing material 2 can be used in a continuous elongated form, but the width is a matter of choice. Also, the shape of the ridge-like projection area is a matter of choice. In addition to the illustrated rectangle, a V shape, a circle, an ellipse, a diamond, and other free shapes can be selected. For quick installation of liquid absorbent material, it is preferable to use a continuous liquid absorbent material, but only the ridge-shaped projection material should be attached to the surface of the liquid-absorbing material that does not have a ridge-shaped projection area. It is also possible to use it. In an irregular place such as a corner portion of the roof, it is preferable to use scissors to cut and superimpose a liquid absorbing material and a ridge-shaped projection material of an appropriate size.
[0012]
The ridge-like projection area 2a provided on the liquid-absorbing material 2 is composed of a large number of ridge-like projections 5 arranged in parallel with each other so as to intersect the flow direction of the heat medium and absorb liquid. The liquid absorptivity here does not necessarily mean lyophilicity but may be lyophobic. However, the thing which has the suitable liquid adsorption | suction retention strength with respect to the heat medium to be used is pointed out.
[0013]
The liquid-absorbing material can be used from the form shown in FIG. 3 to the wide one shown in FIG. The ridge-like projection area does not necessarily have to be laterally continuous.
FIG. 5 shows a specific example of the ridge-shaped protrusion 5 having a liquid absorption property having an appropriate liquid adsorption holding force. The liquid-absorbing material 2 in this example is made of woven fabric, and for the weft 4 constituting the woven fabric, for example, hydrophilic polyester / vinylon composite fiber or hydrophobic polyester or acrylic fiber is used. The illustrated liquid-absorbing material is made of a plain knitted woven fabric, and two rows of weft yarns 4 are aligned to form parallel ridge-like projections 5. The number of yarns to be aligned is a matter of choice. By using such a woven fabric, it is possible to easily mass-produce liquid absorbent materials with the desired thickness / liquid holding capacity by changing the number of warp and weft yarns used, the thickness of the yarn, the number of twisted yarns, and the weaving method. In particular, the liquid absorbing material can be given a predetermined diffusion rate / function by appropriately selecting the liquid absorbing performance of the weft. Note that the fabric structure shown in FIG. 5 is for illustration only for reference.
[0014]
With the configuration as described above, the liquid flowing in on the liquid absorbent material 2 or from the upper end of the liquid absorbent material flows down the ridge-like protrusions 4, and at that time, the liquid is caused by the ridge-like protrusions. It moves sideways along the trapped ridges. This moving speed exceeds the impregnation speed of the liquid-absorbing material itself with the liquid, and the liquid flow surface rapidly spreads laterally as the liquid moves laterally. Once the liquid covers the liquid absorbing material 2, the surface of the liquid absorbing material is well adapted to the liquid, and the liquid flowing into the liquid absorbing material is always properly diffused. When woven fabric is used, the liquid absorption performance of the ridges can be gradually changed in the lateral direction by selecting the properties of the thread to be used, and the length of the ridges can be freely set. Can be selected. The ridge-like projections formed in this way can be arranged in a very fine manner in a very fine manner, and the behavior of the liquid in the lateral direction can be reliably induced.
[0015]
In the example of FIG. 5, the liquid absorbing material portion 2 b of the normal flat knitting area is provided above and below the ridge-like protrusion area 2 a in which the ridge-like protrusions are arranged in parallel, and the ridge-like protrusion area and the flat knitting are provided. The areas are arranged in an alternating fashion. Accordingly, the liquid diffused by the ridge-like projections is directly inherited by the flat knitting area, and after this flat knitting area continues for a certain distance, another ridge-like area continues, and the liquid flowing down the flat knitting area drifts. However, it is possible to return to the original diffusion state in the area of the subsequent ridge-like projection.
[0016]
Returning to the melting of snow, the water-absorbing material 2 holds the snow-melting water generated by the heat of the liquid, and a flat heat storage body that impregnates the flowing-down liquid and the snow-melting water is formed. Although the snowmelt water has a low temperature but possesses a predetermined amount of heat, this heat is also effectively used. In this way, the flow path of the liquid absorbing material forms a flat radiator, and the snow located above the flow path can be melted prior to other parts of the snow.
[0017]
The liquid is supplied continuously or intermittently. In the case of intermittent supply, it is possible to vary the supply pressure so that a pulse wave is generated in the liquid flowing down along the flow path. Such intermittent supply may increase the efficiency of sherbet transport.
[0018]
The liquid-absorbing material can be composed of a liquid-absorbing surface layer and a base material layer. The liquid-absorbing material can be attached to the snow-covered surface with an adhesive applied to the surface of the base material layer. In addition, this base material layer is made of a plastic having excellent thermal conductivity, for example, containing a large amount of iron powder, so that it adheres to an adherend surface made of a magnetic material having a high magnetic permeability by a magnetic action. Or it can comprise a rubber magnet. In addition, you may fix a water absorption raw material so that it may not slip | deviate with respect to a snowy surface using arbitrary fixing means.
[0019]
A woven fabric, a nonwoven fabric or a knitted fabric can be used as the liquid-absorbing material. Also, any weaving method can be adopted, such as plain weaving for the liquid-absorbing material portion and twill weaving for the ridge-like projection area. The flow path with liquid absorption is not necessarily a portion using lyophilic fibers, but also includes a flow path rich in liquid retention using lyophobic fibers. Even if lyophilic fibers are used, it can be said that the flow path is inferior in liquid absorbency if the spot absorbability is inferior to that of the lyophobic fiber. The liquid absorbability can be adjusted to some extent by changing the tension of the fiber.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a perspective explanatory view of a roof tile roof showing a situation when a liquid flow regulation method according to the present invention is implemented.
FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of a roof tile roof showing the situation when the liquid flow regulation method of the present invention is implemented.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a vertically long liquid-absorbing material.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration example of a horizontally long liquid-absorbing material.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a specific example when the liquid-absorbing material is composed of a woven fabric.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Liquid supply means 2 Liquid absorption material 4 Weft of woven fabric 5 Ridge-shaped protrusion

Claims (3)

Along the flow path of the liquid absorbent material, there is provided a dense area of a large number of parallel ridged projections that absorb liquid in the direction crossing the liquid flow direction, and this allows the liquid flowing down to be supplied to the liquid absorbent material. A liquid flow regulation method in which the liquid is absorbed by the ridge-like projections, flows down over the ridge-like projections while spreading laterally along the ridge-like projections, and the liquid is diffused over the entire surface of the subsequent liquid-absorbing material. The liquid flow regulation method according to claim 1, wherein the area where the ridge-shaped protrusions are concentrated is arranged at a liquid supply position to the liquid-absorbing material and diffuses the liquid immediately after being supplied. Method. 2. The liquid flow regulation method according to claim 1, wherein the dense areas of the ridge-like projections are spaced along the liquid flow path to diffuse the converging liquid flowing down again. How to make liquid flow down.

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