JP3599289B2 - Continuous spraying equipment for high-density microorganisms - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to an apparatus for multiplying and continuously dispersing microorganisms for treating harmful substances and the like that cause soil pollution and crop damage, or microorganisms useful for soil growth and plant growth, for example, at high density.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, for example, when plants such as soil and turfgrass are contaminated with oils and fats such as gasoline, waste oil, heavy oil, light oil or contaminants such as emulsifiers, surfactants, detergents, benzene, triethanolamine, etc. After replacing the soil with new soil, the plant is replanted with a new plant, or the entire contaminated soil is mined and subjected to a burning soil treatment to return the soil to its original state.
[0003]
On the other hand, in order to prevent continuous cropping failure in this field, institutional horticultural farmers, for example, disinfect with a disinfecting gas such as methyl bromide (MB), chlorpicrin, ditrapex, etc. to prevent the spread of soil diseases. Soil disinfection is carried out with pesticides even when soil diseases spread.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the process of replacing soil and plants as in the former case was very large and costly. On the other hand, if this is left to wait for natural purification, there is a risk that not only will the plants die, but will also cause social problems, such as rainfall and the like, which will naturally leak and contaminate rivers and groundwater. Was.
[0005]
In the case of soil disinfection using a disinfecting gas, as in the latter case, after disinfection, there is a tendency for bacteria with a high growth rate to recover in preference to other bacteria, and the type of bacteria to be simplified around it. Moreover, since nitrifying bacteria are killed by soil disinfection, ammonia remains without being treated, and there is a risky treatment method such that harmful bacteria are easily spread. However, no more effective treatment method can be found with the current treatment method. For example, it is unavoidable to disinfect deep into the soil of about 25 cm or more.
Thus, for example, when soil disinfection is performed, it is necessary to grow soil that is hardly affected by pests and is suitable for plant growth at an early stage.
[0006]
In addition, when growing a plant or the like by giving a fertilizer, a measure for increasing the absorption efficiency of nutrients absorbed from a plant root has been desired.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To solve such problems, the present invention is to effectively utilize the microorganisms present on the earth, and purify soil, or was to enhance the absorption efficiency of the nutrients against the plant. That is, a beneficial aerobic microorganisms in the soil environment and immobilized on a carrier and placed in growth tank, with stirring aeration at a predetermined temperature condition by supplying raw water to the growth tank, new in parallel with this A high density of microbial communities is multiplied by continuous supply of microbial growth microorganisms and nutrients, and this high density of microbial communities has contaminated nutrients to contaminate soil, turfgrass, rivers, or plants. The fertilizer was sprayed continuously to the main field or the like where the effect was to be improved, and at this time, the same air source was used for the ventilation in the growth tank and the air blow for spraying the microorganisms.
[0008]
At this time, the aerobic microorganisms, various oils and fats, emulsifiers, soil contamination such as a surface active agent, substances causing plant contamination, or various hazardous substances and willingly assimilated for generating continuous cropping disorder in horticulture Honpo microorganisms, or soil cultivation, Ru beneficial microbes der to plant nurturing.
[0009]
The carrier was a porous ceramic plate, pellet, or particle.
[0010]
Also, a plurality of multiplication tanks may be provided in parallel, and while the multiplication liquid is being sprayed from the multiplication tank on one side, the multiplication tank may be multiplied in the multiplication tank on the other side, and this may be alternately repeated. A plurality may be provided in series, and the growth liquid grown in the upstream growth tank may be sent to the downstream growth tank and sprayed from the downstream growth tank.
[0011]
[Action]
Microorganisms treat substances that cause pollutants or enhance the effect of fertilizers on plants via microorganisms.However, the environmental conditions where microorganisms can inhabit are limited, and the growth rate is slow. Even if the microorganisms cultivated by such a method are directly sprayed to a pollution source or the like, the microorganism concentration in the natural environment is immediately reduced and the effect cannot be improved.
Therefore, the present invention increases the concentration of microorganisms in the growth tank to the utmost, and at the same time, gives the high-density microorganisms a lunch as nutrients, thereby adding physical strength and nutrients until the treatment is completed. Here, conditions such as nutrients are set according to types of microorganisms that are effective for harmful substances such as pollution sources or microorganisms that are beneficial to soil, and optimal growth methods such as temperature conditions are set.
[0012]
Here, as a microorganism, for example, when treating harmful substances such as a non-degradable nonionic surfactant or triethanolamine, a specific substance-decomposing microorganism of a flavobacterium species or a shade monas metanica species is suitable. I have.
[0013]
Also, as microorganisms useful for soil growth, for example, microorganisms of the genus Shademonas are known to produce antifungal antibacterial substances such as pyrrolnitrin and pyrrolteolin. Spraying after disinfection can make the soil resistant to pests.
[0014]
Microorganisms useful for plant growth are, for example, rhizosphere microorganisms that give vitality to plant roots (microorganisms that continue to live in the rhizosphere). A fertilizer component is attached to the surface of the microorganisms, and this fertilizer component and microorganisms Actively cultivate plants by actively absorbing secretions into plant roots.
[0015]
At this time, by using porous ceramics as a carrier for immobilizing microorganisms, the growth effect is enhanced, and by using the same air supply source for air blow for ventilation and air blow for microorganisms in the growth tank, Can be made compact and lightweight, and for example, can be easily portable.
[0016]
In addition, a plurality of multiplication tanks are provided in parallel, and while multiplying in one multiplication tank, it is sprayed from the other multiplication tank, and by repeating this, a large amount of multiplication liquid can be sprayed continuously. I can do it. By providing a plurality of breeding tanks in series, the breeding time can be saved.
[0017]
【Example】
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, FIG. 1 is a configuration example diagram showing a basic configuration of a continuous high-density microorganism spraying apparatus of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of a growth reactor in a growth tank, and FIG. It is a perspective view which shows an example of the shape of a support | carrier.
[0018]
The basic configuration of the continuous high-density microorganism spraying apparatus of the present invention is, as shown in FIG. 1, a raw water storage tank 1 for storing raw water, a first growth tank 2 for growing microorganisms, and a second growth tank 3. Each of the microorganism tanks 4 for supplying the microorganisms for propagation to each of the propagation tanks 2 and 3, each of the nutrient tanks 5 for supplying nutrients to each of the propagation tanks 2 and 3, and the dispersing means 6 for dispersing the propagated microorganism group. The breeding tanks 2 and 3 are provided in parallel, and a breeding reactor 7 is provided in each of the breeding tanks 2 and 3.
[0019]
A large number of porous ceramic pieces 8 as a carrier, which will be described later, are accommodated in the breeding reactor 7, and microorganisms are fixed on the porous ceramic pieces 8 in advance. An air diffusion tube 10 having a large number of air diffusion holes is provided below the inside of each breeding reactor 7, and each air pipe 12 for supplying air from a compressor 11 is connected to the air diffusion tube 10.
Further, an air pipe 13 for supplying air for spraying is provided between the compressor 11 and the spraying means 6.
[0020]
A water supply pipe 14 is provided between the raw water storage tank 1 and each of the breeding tanks 2 and 3 so that the raw water in the raw water storage tank 1 can be sucked up by the pump P. A warmer 15 is provided, and the warmer 15 heats the raw water to a predetermined temperature range (for example, about 30 to 50 ° C. in the case of microorganisms that preferentially assimilate various fats and oils). I have. Then, the raw water is branched into branch pipes 14a and 14b downstream of the heater 15, so that heated raw water can be supplied to each of the breeding tanks 2 and 3 by operating a valve.
[0021]
The raw water is tap water or groundwater, and the raw water storage tank 1 is not always essential if the tap water can be supplied to each of the breeding tanks 2 and 3. Also, the heating of the raw water by the heater 15 may be performed after the raw water is supplied to each of the breeding tanks 2 and 3, instead of being heated before being supplied to each of the breeding tanks 2 and 3.
[0022]
The microorganisms contained in the microorganism tank 4 are in a so-called hibernating state, for example, immobilized on inorganic fine particles such as diatomaceous earth or organic powders such as flour and rice bran. It is supplied to a few. The fixed amount supply means 4a is a known unit such as a screw feeder, a belt feeder, a vibration feeder, and a fixed mass device.
[0023]
The nutrients contained in the nutrient tank 5 are selected appropriately depending on the contaminants and the like. For example, when the cause of contamination is mineral oil such as heavy oil, commercially available Hyponex powder or the like can be used, and light oil, gasoline, etc. For vegetable oils such as mineral oil, soybean oil, and rapeseed oil, commercially available powdered fertilizers and liquid fertilizers can be used. It is also effective to add a powder of brown sugar to a commercially available fertilizer such as Hyponex. Then, a fixed amount can be supplied to each of the breeding tanks 2 and 3 by a quantitative supply means 5a such as a screw feeder, a belt feeder, a vibration feeder, and a flow meter.
[0024]
The first and second breeding tanks 2 and 3 are containers having, for example, a conical bottom, and discharge pipes 2a and 3a are provided at the center of the bottom. In addition, a stirrer 16 for mixing and stirring the supplied raw water, the microorganism for growth and nutrients, and an electromagnetic liquid level switch 17 for detecting the liquid level of the growth liquid are provided on the upper part of each of the multiplication tanks 2 and 3. When the liquid level switch 17 detects that the liquid level of each of the breeding tanks 2 and 3 has risen to a predetermined level, the valves of the corresponding branch pipes 14a and 14b are closed and the quantitative supply means 4a and 5a are closed. The operation is stopped, and when the liquid level falls to a predetermined level, the valves of the corresponding branch pipes 14a and 14b are opened, and the fixed-quantity supply means 4a and 5a are set to the operating state.
[0025]
Each of the breeding reactors 7 is a hollow body having a large number of punched holes h as shown in FIG. 2, and includes a perforated support plate 7a such as a net or a punching plate below the inside. The air diffuser 10 is provided below the perforated support plate 7a, and the large number of porous ceramics pieces 8 are accommodated above the perforated support plate 7a. The breeding reactor 7 and the perforated support plate 7a are made of, for example, a material such as vinyl chloride, FRP, stainless steel, or iron, and the diffuser 10 is, for example, a vinyl chloride pipe, a stainless steel pipe, an iron pipe, or the like.
[0026]
The punch hole h of the breeding reactor 7 is formed as a horizontal or downward hole from the inside of the tube toward the outside of the tube, and particularly when the liquid level is lowered, air blown out from the air diffuser 10. The breeding liquid inside the growth reactor 7 which convects upwards is easily discharged to the outside, thereby increasing the convection stirring effect.
[0027]
The porous ceramic piece 8 is made of, for example, alumina, silicic acid, iron oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, potassium oxide, or the like as a main raw material, and contains a small amount of calcium oxide, manganese oxide, sodium oxide, and the like, and also contains microorganisms in advance. Immobilized and arbitrarily selected from shapes such as cylindrical, ball, cylindrical, star, triangular, rectangular, corrugated, uneven, and lotus root, as shown in the example of FIG. For example, about 5 to 75% is desirable.
[0028]
The spraying means 6 is connected to a collecting pipe 20 in which outlet pipes 18 and 19 extending from each of the breeding tanks 2 and 3 shown in FIG. 1 are gathered. For example, the spraying means or the spraying hose type is constituted so that the spraying can be performed over a wide area. Has been. Then, as described above, spraying is performed using the air pressure sent by the compressor 11.
[0029]
The operation of the apparatus for continuously dispersing microorganisms as described above will be described.
Raw water supplied from the raw water storage tank 1 is heated to a predetermined temperature by the heater 15 and sent to the first breeding tank 2. Further, air is blown out from the air diffuser 10 below the breeding reactor 7 in the first breeding tank 2 and rises inside the breeding reactor 7. When the first breeding tank 2 is filled with the hot water, the valve of the branch pipe 14a is closed by the liquid level switch 17, and the supply of the hot water is stopped.
[0030]
On the other hand, a certain amount of microorganisms for growth and nutrients are supplied from the microorganism tank 4 and the nutrient tank 5 of the first growth tank 2 by the respective quantitative supply means 4a and 5a. When agitated by the upper agitator 16, the breeding liquid causes convection due to the air ejected from the air diffuser 10 and the agitation of the agitator 16, and the immobilized and hibernating microorganisms awaken from the hibernation to start the activity and proliferate. I do.
[0031]
At this time, the air blown out of the air diffuser 10 passes through the surface of the porous ceramic piece 8 or the inner surface of the ventilation hole to activate the activity of the immobilized microorganisms, and the agitator 16 forces the rising water flow. It is effective to promote the convection by spreading downward toward the periphery of the breeding tank 5 and then pushing it downward, and the breeding is accelerated by continuously raising and lowering. In order to promote the proliferation, setting of the temperature by the heater 15 is one of the important requirements.
[0032]
In this way, while the multiplication is being performed in the first multiplication tank 2, the heated raw water is supplied to the second multiplication tank 3, and the multiplication is started through the same process as the first multiplication tank 2.
[0033]
When the microorganisms in the first growth tank 2 grow at a high density, a lamp (not shown) is turned on, the valve of the outlet pipe 18 and the valve of the spraying means 6 are opened, and the growth liquid containing many microorganisms and nutrients is discharged. Spray where needed. When the spraying of the first growth tank 2 is completed, the spraying is started from the second growth tank 3. At this time, the drain cock of the discharge pipe 2 a of the first growth tank 2 is opened to fix the microorganisms for growth. The waste such as the inorganic powder and the organic powder that have been discharged is discharged and sprayed on, for example, plants, roots of trees, and the like. Then, the same operation is repeated again.
[0034]
The high-density microorganisms sprayed in this way are provided with rich nutrients in the growth tanks 2 and 3 to strengthen their physical strength, and because there are abundant nutrients in the surroundings, they can decompose and purify pollution sources and the like. It can be completed in a short time.
In addition, the air pipe 12 for supplying air to the diffuser pipe 10 and the air pipe 13 for supplying air upstream of the spraying means 6 are connected to the same compressor 11, and the same air supply drive source is used. Is achieved.
[0035]
Next, a second configuration example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In the drawings, the same parts as those described above are denoted by the same reference numerals. In this configuration example, the first and second breeding tanks 2 and 3 are provided in series, which is different from the configuration example in which the configuration is parallel.
[0036]
That is, the raw water warmed by the heater 15 is supplied only to the first breeding tank 2, and the breeding liquid that has grown to some extent in the first breeding tank 2 is supplied to the second breeding tank 3 through the connection pipe 22. The microorganisms are fed into the second growth tank 3 to complete the growth of the high-density microorganism group, and are guided from the outlet pipe 19 to the spraying means 6. In addition, means for supplying nutrients to the second growth tank 3 and a stirrer may be provided.
[0037]
In this case, in the first growth tank 2, warm water, microorganisms for growth and nutrients are supplied from the water supply pipe 14, the microbial tank 4 and the nutrient tank 5 in the same procedure as described above, and stirred by the stirrer 16. When the microorganisms are grown to a substantially desired density by aeration through the air diffuser 10, the valve of the connecting pipe 22 is opened and sent to the second growth tank 3, and the growth is performed by aeration from the air diffuser 10 of the second growth tank 3. It is completed and sprayed by the spraying means 6 connected to the outlet pipe 21. During this time, the valve of the connection pipe 22 is closed, and raw water, microorganisms for growth and nutrients are supplied again in the first growth tank 2 to start growth.
[0038]
Therefore, a new group of microorganisms can be grown in the first growth tank 2 even while the microorganisms are being sprayed from the second growth tank 3. That is, the second breeding tank 3 is effective for increasing the breeding time.
[0039]
By the way, when the spray area is small, only a single breeding tank 2 as shown in FIG. 5 can be used. In this case, continuous spraying is limited to the range of the capacity of the breeding tank 2, but it may be sufficient when spraying is performed only at a locally contaminated place, for example. .
[0040]
Next, a modification of the air supply means for the air diffuser 10 will be described with reference to FIGS. These are all designed to blow out a mixed flow of air and breeding liquid from the air outlet of the air diffuser 10, and FIG. 6 shows that the fan 24 is driven by a submersible motor 23 connected to a power supply 23a, The air taken in from the air and the growth liquid taken in by the fan 24 are mixed and sent to the air diffuser 10.
[0041]
In the case of FIG. 7, the growth liquid is sucked from the suction pipe 26 by the pump P installed outside the growth tank 2, and the growth liquid and the air sucked from the air suction pipe 27 are mixed and sent to the diffusion pipe 10. By ejecting the mixed flow in this way, the convection effect is further improved.
[0042]
Next, a specific application example of the continuous spraying apparatus will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 8 shows an embodiment in which the present apparatus is mounted on a vehicle and configured as a portable apparatus. In this case, in addition to the raw water storage tank 1, the first and second breeding tanks 2, 3, the compressor 11, and the like, for example, a generator 30 for a drive power supply, an LP gas 31 for heating the raw water, and the like are mounted on the vehicle. It is sprayed to the spray area by the spraying means 6 provided with a rubber hose 32 or the like. This device sprays and treats microorganisms that prefer to use fats and oils, for example, when fuel leaks in a vehicle accident or the like and is locally contaminated with soil or plants by oil or fire extinguisher. It is effective in such cases.
[0043]
Next, FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which microorganisms useful for soil growth are sprayed after disinfecting the soil in a greenhouse, for example, about 10 to 20 days have passed after disinfecting with a disinfecting gas. Remove the greenhouse and use this device to spray microorganisms that are useful for soil growth before and after plowing with a tiller.
[0044]
Next, FIG. 10 shows an embodiment in which, for example, microorganisms useful for growing plants planted in rock wool 35 are sprayed together with liquid fertilizer. In this case, for example, the groundwater is sucked up by the pump P as raw water, and the rhizosphere microorganisms are supplied as the growth microorganisms by the quantitative supply means 4a, and the liquid fertilizer is supplied as the nutrients by the quantitative pump 5a as the quantitative supply means, and the microorganisms are grown. From a watering pipe 6 as a spraying means. At this time, it is of course most effective to spray the stock solution of the growth solution. However, if the cost is to be reduced, the effect can be obtained even if the solution is mixed with the raw water and diluted with the operation panel 33 and sprayed. is there. Alternatively, the breeding liquid sucked from the second breeding tank 3 may be directly guided to the pump P main body, mixed with the raw water and sprayed by the pump P main body, and may be diluted without the operation panel 33.
In the drawing, reference numeral 34 denotes a support base.
[0045]
As described above, the continuous spray apparatus of dense microorganism of the present invention is to increase microorganism assimilates pollutants in growth vessel, or soil grown, the concentration of beneficial microorganisms in plant growth to a minimum, at the same time a high density The microbial groups are spread with a nutrient as a nutrient, and at this time, the same air source is used for aeration in the growth tank and air blow for microbial group dispersion, so that the apparatus is made compact, This is effective, for example, when the soil or turfgrass is locally contaminated with oil, when the soil is disinfected, or when it is desired to enhance the effect of fertilizer on plants.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration example showing the basic configuration of a continuous high-density microorganism spraying apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view of a growth reactor in a growth tank. FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing an example of a shape. FIG. 4 is a structural example when a plurality of breeding vessels are arranged in series. FIG. 5 is a structural example when a single breeding vessel is used. FIG. FIG. 7 is a structural example showing a modified example of the means. FIG. 7 is a structural example showing a modified example of the air supply means for the air diffuser. FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram showing a case where the present apparatus is applied to processing such as oil contamination. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of the case where the present apparatus is applied to growing soil such as farmland. FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of the case where the present apparatus is applied to plant cultivation.
2 ... first growth tank, 3 ... second growth tank, 4 ... microorganism tank, 5 ... nutrient tank, 6 ... spraying means, 7 ... growth reactor, 8 ... porous ceramic pieces, 10 ... aeration tube, 15 ... Heater, 16 ... Stirrer.

Claims (6)

Beneficial aerobic microorganisms in the soil environment and immobilized on a carrier and placed in growth tank, with stirring aeration at a predetermined temperature condition by supplying raw water to the growth tank, fresh growth in parallel with this the use microorganisms and nutrients to grow a dense microbial by continuous supply, so as to continuously sprayed soil by Motashi nutrients as a bait in this dense microorganisms, this time, the growth An apparatus for continuously spraying high-density microorganisms, wherein the same air source is used for aeration in a tank and air blowing for spraying microorganisms. The aerobic microorganisms, various oils and fats, emulsifiers, soil contamination such as a surface active agent, substances causing plant contamination, or various hazardous substances that generates continuous cropping disorder in horticulture Honpo microorganisms to willingly assimilated The continuous spraying apparatus for high-density microorganisms according to claim 1, wherein the apparatus is provided. The aerobic microorganisms, soil development, continuous spraying apparatus dense microorganism according to claim 1, characterized in that the beneficial microbes to plants nurturing. The carrier plate of porous ceramics, or pellets, or continuous spraying apparatus dense microorganism according to claim 1 or claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that a particle operator. A plurality of said multiplying tanks are provided in parallel, and while the group of microorganisms is multiplied in one of the multiplying tanks, the group of microorganisms multiplied from the other multiplying tank is sprayed, and this is alternately repeated. The continuous spraying apparatus of high-density microorganisms according to claim 1 or claim 2 or claim 3 or claim 4. A plurality of said multiplication tanks are provided in series, and microorganisms grown in an upstream multiplication tank are sent to a downstream multiplication tank, and a group of microorganisms multiplied in a downstream multiplication tank is dispersed. The continuous spraying apparatus of high-density microorganisms according to claim 1 or claim 2 or claim 3 or claim 4.

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