JPH11292674A - Production of organic fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To change a waste liquor of organism into a fertilizer in a safe and odorless state by mixing an aerobically fermented fertilizer in a fully fermented state obtained by subjecting an organism raw material blended with an aerobic ultra-high temperature microorganism to aerated fermentation with the waste liquor of organism and re-fermenting the mixture. SOLUTION: An organism raw material comprising plant waste, animal waste, life waste, etc., is piled in a fermentation tank, mixed with an aerobic ultra-high temperature microorganism and aerated to start fermentation. The temperature of the raw material is raised by a fermentation heat with the advance of fermentation, the raw material is fully fermented approximately at 100 deg.C to form an aerobically fermented fertilizer in which various germs, insects, seeds, etc., are destroyed, which has <=30 wt.% water content and to which the ultra- high microorganism is immobilized. Then the aerobically fermented fertilizer is piled in the fermentation tank or taken out and piled outside the tank, spread so as to widen its area and an organic waste such as the blood of carcass, etc., having >=50 wt.% water content is applied to the aerobically fermented fertilizer. Fermentation is started from the contact face of both the organism waste and the fertilizer, stirring operation is carried out and the mixture is returned to the fermentation tank, air is introduced from a floor part, aeration is continued and fermentation is completed to give a fertilizer in a dried state.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a method for appropriately treating an organic waste liquid. The present invention also relates to a method for reusing an organic waste liquid. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing a high-quality organic fertilizer using an organic waste liquid as a raw material.

[0002]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Organic waste liquid, for example,
The carcasses, i.e., blood and offal from slaughtered animals, blood and offal from fish, manure from animals and humans, edible waste oil, sewage and sludge, etc.
In addition to having a peculiar odor in itself, the denaturation progresses with the passage of time, and the odor becomes increasingly strong.
For example, when manure is decomposed by putrefactive bacteria, ammonia, methyl mercaptan, hydrogen sulfide, trimethylamine, acetaldehyde, normal valeric acid, etc. are generated, and methane gas is generated from industrial wastewater, which is exposed to a strong odor. Has become. In addition, since blood contains various types of glycoproteins, when these are denatured, they give an unbearable off-flavor. In addition, these organic waste liquids often contain various pathogenic bacteria. For this reason, although the treatment of organic waste liquid is a very important problem in society, it is difficult to reuse the waste liquid and to dispose it at a place where it is disposed. In other words, at present, the pollution of these organic waste liquids by ocean dumping has become a problem, and in many cases they are incinerated by waste liquid incinerators.However, this disposal method is often used for incinerator operation and maintenance. In addition to the cost, it may cause a problem of secondary pollution such as generation of harmful by-products such as smoke and odor and generation of dioxin. In the case of blood, it is deodorized with slaked lime and the like, then dehydrated and dried and reused as fertilizer. However, the cost is also high, and it is not sufficient treatment due to the problem of pathogenic bacteria. .

[0003] The present invention provides a method for reducing these organic waste liquids, which are treated as obstacles to society, as useful social resources. That is, the present invention provides a simple method for converting these organic waste liquids into a safe and odorless liquid. The present invention also provides a method for producing high-quality organic fertilizer using these organic waste liquids as raw materials.

Conventionally, attempts have been made to convert these organic waste liquids into fertilizers by causing aerobic bacteria to act on them. However, since organic waste liquids have a high water content, a large-scale apparatus is used for aeration necessary for fertilization. And there is a problem that the cost is too high. There is also a problem that the obtained fertilizer is not sufficiently sterilized. The present invention provides a simple method that can quickly convert a high-moisture organic waste liquid into a high-quality fertilizer that can be used with confidence, by using a normal fermenter for aerobic fermentation fertilizer. is there.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above-mentioned objects, the invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is directed to a fully-ripened organic material obtained by aeration fermentation of an organic material to which an aerobic ultra-high temperature bacterium is added. This is a method for producing a dry organic fertilizer by mixing an aerobic fermented fertilizer in a state and an organic waste liquid and refermenting the mixture.

The invention according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that an organic waste liquid is formed on the upper surface of a sediment of a mature aerobic fermented fertilizer produced by aeration fermentation of an organic raw material to which an aerobic ultra-high temperature bacterium is added. This is a method of producing a dry organic fertilizer by flowing down, mixing both, sending outside air, and refermenting the mixture.

[0007] Furthermore, the invention according to claim 3 of the present invention is a method for producing an organic fertilizer using the organic waste liquid having a water content of 50% or more in the invention according to claim 1 or 2.

Further, the invention according to claim 4 of the present invention is the method according to claim 1, 2 or 3 for producing an organic fertilizer using carcass blood as an organic waste liquid.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. In the present invention, “%” means “% by weight” unless otherwise specified. Organic waste liquid used in the present invention may be any waste liquid containing organic matter, for example, blood and offal of slaughtered animals, blood and offal of fish, green manure, manure of animals and humans, edible waste oil, Examples include various types of industrial effluents (from which heavy metals are removed) from various factories, sewage mixed with sludge, and sludge. Its water content is generally more than 50%, usually water
Can be used from more than 60% to nearly 100%. Each of these organic waste liquids has a peculiar odor, but it is extremely difficult to store and discard the odor, which gradually becomes intense over time. In addition, the organic waste liquid used as a raw material in the present invention may be one that has already begun to be denatured and has an unpleasant odor.

[0010] In the present invention, an aerobic fermented fertilizer in a fully-ripened state (hereinafter referred to as a "fully-ripened aerobic fermented fertilizer") is produced by aerating fermentation of an organic material to which an aerobic ultrahigh-temperature bacterium is added to produce a water content of 30% or less. ), The organic waste liquid is mixed with this fully-ripened aerobic fermented fertilizer.

The fully aerobic fermented fertilizer as the base material of the present invention is produced by adding an aerobic ultra-high temperature bacterium to an organic material. In the present invention, the term “ultrathermophile” refers to a microorganism that performs a fermentation decomposition action at a temperature of 75 ° C. or more as an optimal environment. In the present invention, any bacteria can be used as long as such an ultra-high temperature bacterium is used. However, the present inventors have found out from the soil of the Kirishima volcanic belt in Makion-cho, Aira-gun, Kagoshima Prefecture and have already applied for a patent ( JP-A-9-59081), Bacillus, Micrococcus or actinomycetes, and currently deposited with the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Biotechnology and Industrial Technology Research Institute, accession numbers FERMP-15036, FERMP-1
5086, FERMP-15087, FERMP-15536, FERMP-15538, FER
MP-15539, FERMP-15540, FERMP-15541, FERMP-15542
Among them, one kind of soil fungus or a mixed fungus of these fungi can be used. These aerobic ultrathermophiles may be added directly to the organic material, or the soil containing these ultrathermophiles may be cultured and mixed with the organic material as a cell culture.

In the production of the aerobic fermented fertilizer of the present invention,
As the organic material, any organic substance can be used, and therefore, organic waste is usually used in many cases. Organic waste includes straw, fallen leaves, dead trees, dead grass, cuttings, bark, plant waste such as nuka, rice husks, sawdust, manure and poultry manure, animal carcasses, and blood and offal from slaughtered animals. Animal waste, night soil, sludge, municipal waste, edible waste oil,
There are various types of household waste such as leftovers and sewage sludge.

One or more of these organic materials, for example,
The human waste pancake is deposited in a fermenter, and aerobic ultra-thermophilic bacteria are added to the fermenter to start aeration by aeration. As the fermentation progresses, the temperature of the organic material increases, and high fermentation heat is generated during the fermentation. Due to the heat of fermentation, various germs, insects, weed seeds and the like adhering to and mixed with the organic material are extinguished and do not stick. The obtained aerobic fermented fertilizer matures at about 100 ° C due to the action of ultra-thermophilic bacteria,
The result is a smooth, sandy material with almost no odor. Ripeness reduces the water content to 30% or less and fixes the ultra-high temperature strain.

In the present invention, an organic fertilizer is produced by mixing the thus-prepared fully-ripened aerobic fermented fertilizer with an organic waste liquid and aerating to proceed with fermentation. Specifically, a matured aerobic fermented fertilizer is taken out of the fermenter or from the fermenter and deposited, and the deposit is spread so that the area is as large as possible, and the organic waste liquid flows down evenly on the spread upper surface. . The surface of the sediment of the ripe aerobic fermentation fertilizer may be depressed in a basin-like manner, and a mountain may be built around the depression, and the organic waste liquid may be poured into the depression.
Then, the fully-ripened aerobic fermentation fertilizer reacts with the organic waste liquid, and in some cases emits white smoke, the temperature rises, and the fermentation starts again from the contact surface between the two. Occasionally, the ripe aerobic fermented fertilizer and the organic waste liquid are mixed using a shovel car or a scoop. For example, it is the same way as kneading cement. In the present invention, this stirring operation is also referred to as “turning back”. In the case where the work up to this point has been performed outside the fermenter, it is better to return the mixed sediment of the fully-ripened aerobic fermentation fertilizer and the organic waste liquid to the fermenter having the aeration facility at an appropriate time. In the fermenter, ventilation is continued by a normal aeration method when producing an aerobic fermented fertilizer, for example, a method in which outside air taken in by a blower from an air outlet provided on the floor of the fermenter is blown into the mixed sediment. To promote fermentation. The fermentation rate can be increased by blowing heated outside air. In the fermenter, the outside air is further mixed in by occasionally turning over, and the fermentation proceeds. If this reversing is performed about 4 to 5 times, the temperature gradually decreases, the odor disappears, and the whole sediment eventually turns into a dry and dry organic fertilizer (aerobic fermented fertilizer).

As a method of reacting the fully-ripened aerobic fermented fertilizer with the organic waste liquid, a method of putting the fully-ripened aerobic fermented fertilizer into the organic waste liquid can also be adopted. That is, the organic waste liquid is stored in an appropriate tank such as a fermenter,
In this method, a mature aerobic fermentation fertilizer is added at once or in small amounts, and the fermentation proceeds while stirring and aeration occasionally. When the water content of the mixture reaches about 70%, it is preferable to return the mixture to the fermenter in the same manner as described above, and to continue the aeration to allow the fermentation to proceed.

According to these methods, fermentation progresses with the lapse of time, and the fermentation is completed at about 100 ° C., and various germs that operate at a medium temperature or lower (less than 75 ° C.) are killed due to the high fermentation temperature. It disappears and gives a dry, dry and good quality organic fertilizer.

The moisture at which fermentation of the mixture of the fully-ripened aerobic fermented fertilizer and the organic waste liquid starts fermenting is about 35% or more, and the upper limit is about 75%. Thus, for example, 20 parts of a fully aerobic fermented fertilizer with a water content of 30% and 80 parts of a human pancreas with a water content of 70% can be mixed.

[0018]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[Example 1] (1) Production of fully-ripened aerobic fermented fertilizer The soil in the sulfur zone at 37-40 ° C in the Kirishima volcanic belt in Makibaen-cho, Aira-gun, Kagoshima Prefecture, and the soil in the paddy field where green moss grows in the same county This is mixed and fermented, and this is used as a cell culture, mixed with urine pancake, and charged in a fermenter as an organic material,
Aeration fermentation was performed by sending in outside air taken in by a blower from an air outlet provided on the floor of the fermenter. As the fermentation progressed, the temperature of the organic material gradually increased, and when the temperature exceeded 85 ° C., switching was performed. The cutback was performed 4 to 5 times, and the point in time when the temperature no longer rose at the end was regarded as the end of fermentation. By this manufacturing method, a mature aerobic fermented fertilizer having a moisture content of 31% was obtained. About 30 parts of the fully aerobic fermented fertilizer is left in the fermenter, and 70 parts of the excrement pancake are added again, and the same aeration fermentation as above is performed as an organic material to obtain a fully aerobic fermented fertilizer with a water content of 30%. Was. (2) Production of Organic Fertilizer The ripe aerobic fermented fertilizer repeatedly produced in this manner was taken out of the fermenter, and was deposited by placing an iron plate on the front yard of the fermentation yard. The surface of the sediment of the matured aerobic fermentation fertilizer was depressed so as to have as large an area as possible, and a mountain was built around it as a basin, into which the blood of pigs slaughtered two days ago was allowed to flow evenly. Instantly, it was confirmed that the ripe aerobic fermented fertilizer and the pig's blood reacted to emit white smoke and the temperature rose rapidly. The ripe aerobic fertilizer was mixed with pig blood while breaking the surrounding mountains. Furthermore, white smoke rose and the temperature rose, and the fermentation proceeded. When the pig blood and the fully aerobic fermented fertilizer were thoroughly mixed, the mixed sediment was returned to the fermentor. In the fermenter, aeration was continued to promote fermentation by blowing outside air taken in by a blower from the air outlet provided on the floor into the mixed sediment. Occasionally, a turning operation was performed using a shovel car. The fermentation proceeded further by switching back. At the time when this switching was performed five times, the temperature gradually decreased, and the odor disappeared soon. After the sixth turning, the temperature no longer rose, and an almost odorless organic fertilizer which was dry and dry as a whole could be obtained. (3) Odor confirmation test Ten skilled dairy farmers confirmed the degree of odor according to the following criteria. 0: Odorless 1 ... Smell that can be detected at last 2 ... Weak smell that can distinguish what smell it is 3 ... Smell that can be easily detected 4 ... Strong smell 5 ... Intense and unpleasant smell For ripe aerobic fertilizer manufactured in (1), “0” is 7
The name "1" was three. The blood of all the slaughtered pigs used as a raw material in this example was "5 or more". In the organic fertilizer produced in this example, “0” was 8 people and “1” was 2
Was a name.

[0019]

As described above, the present invention provides:
By utilizing the power of a mature aerobic fermentation fertilizer made by aeration fermentation of organic materials with added aerobic ultra-high temperature bacteria, it is possible to produce odorless and high-quality fertilizers from organic material waste liquid as a raw material. Organic wastewater, which is treated as an obstacle, can be returned as a useful social resource. Moreover, since the obtained organic fertilizer is treated at a high temperature, not only maggots and flies but also pathogenic bacteria have been killed, and it can be used safely. According to the present invention, a high-quality organic fertilizer can be directly produced from an organic waste liquid by a very simple method. In particular, even when blood derived from a slaughtered animal or the like is used as a raw material, the organic fertilizer can be changed to a suitable organic fertilizer that can be used without worrying about pathogenic bacteria peculiar to blood, is easy to handle, and is extremely rich in fertilizer components.

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Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A method for producing a dry organic fertilizer by mixing an organic matter raw material to which an aerobic ultrahigh-temperature bacterium has been added and aerated fermentation fertilizer produced by aeration fermentation with an organic waste liquid and refermenting the mixture. 2. An organic waste liquid is allowed to flow down onto an upper surface of a sediment of an aerobic fermented fertilizer in a ripe state produced by aeration fermentation of an organic raw material to which an aerobic ultra-high temperature bacterium is added. A method of producing dried organic fertilizer by fermentation. 3. The method for producing an organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the organic waste liquid having a water content of 50% or more is used. 4. The method for producing an organic fertilizer according to claim 1, wherein carcass blood is used as the organic matter waste liquid.