JP3594457B2 - Ophthalmic equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus that performs measurement, observation, photographing, and the like of an eye to be examined.
[0002]
[Prior art]
There are many stationary ophthalmic devices such as conventional objective eye refractive power measuring devices. The stationary type device is configured so that the inspection and measurement unit can be relatively moved with respect to the fixed base, and the examiner moves the inspection and measurement unit with respect to the eye to be inspected by operating a joystick or the like, and aligns the eyes one by one. It is common to make measurements.
[0003]
On the other hand, the stationary ophthalmologic apparatus has difficulty in examining infants, sleeping patients, animals, and the like, and is inconvenient to carry. For this reason, a small and hand-held ophthalmic apparatus has been proposed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
A stationary device usually has a support part such as a forehead rest or a chin rest for fixing the eye to be examined, and is relatively stable when aligning the measurement unit with the eye to be examined or during measurement. Thus, the subject's eye can be fixed. On the other hand, a hand-held ophthalmic apparatus is convenient to carry, but an apparatus having no means for fixing the subject's eye has difficulty in alignment with the subject's eye and stable positional relationship during measurement.
[0005]
In addition, since the hand-held ophthalmic apparatus can be carried for medical examinations, moved, and used in various places, dirt, dust, and the like easily adhere to the measurement window. Conventionally, the measurement window was sometimes protected by attaching a protective cap or the like. However, since the measurement window was removed at the time of use, it was easily lost and the management was troublesome.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described drawbacks of the related art, and provides an ophthalmologic apparatus capable of performing inspection and measurement while stabilizing a positional relationship with an eye to be inspected with a simple configuration, and easily protecting a measurement window when not in use. Is a technical issue.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration.
[0008]
(1) In an ophthalmologic apparatus provided with a housing containing an inspection optical system for performing measurement, observation, photographing, and the like of an eye to be inspected, the eye is brought into contact with the forehead of the examinee and the eye and the inspection optical system are brought into contact with each other. A forehead rest for stabilizing a positional relationship, and a rotatably supported forehead rest between a front position of an inspection window of the inspection optical system of the housing and a use position substantially horizontal to the housing. Supporting means, and sliding means for sliding the forehead rest to the side facing the subject while keeping the forehead rest substantially horizontal with respect to the housing, wherein the forehead rest supported by the support means is provided. By rotating and arranging at the front position of the inspection window, the inspection window is also used as protection means for the inspection window.
[0009]
(2) In the ophthalmologic apparatus according to (1), the slide means includes an urging means for urging the forehead rest toward the subject.
[0010]
(3) In the ophthalmologic apparatus according to (1), holding means for holding the forehead rest in a substantially horizontal state when the forehead rest is rotated to a substantially horizontal use position with respect to the housing is provided. It is characterized by.
[0011]
(4) In the ophthalmologic apparatus according to (1), when the forehead rest is rotated to the front position of the examination window and used as a protection means, a fixing means for fixing the rotation is provided.
[0012]
(5) The size of the forehead contact in (1) is such that, when it is brought into contact with the subject's forehead, the size of the disturbance light that enters the inspection window from above between the forehead and the housing is blocked. It is characterized by having.
[0013]
【Example】
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Here, a hand-held objective refractive power measuring apparatus will be described as an example.
[0014]
FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of the apparatus, FIG. 2 is a side view, and FIG. 3 is a view when viewed from above. Reference numeral 2 denotes a measuring device, in which a measuring optical system or the like (described later) for measuring the refractive power of one eye of the subject 1 is housed. The light beam from the measurement optical system passes through the measurement window 4 and is projected on the eye 1R (right eye) or 1L (left eye), and the light beam reflected from the fundus passes through the measurement window 4 again to the internal optical system. Received.
[0015]
Reference numeral 3 denotes a forehead cover which is applied to the forehead of the subject 1, and has a size to block disturbance light from above which becomes noise during measurement. The forehead cover 3 is rotatably supported in the vertical direction by a horizontal rod 10 and slides in the direction of arrow A (the back side of the apparatus). Thereby, by making the front part of the forehead cover 3 abut on the forehead of the subject 1 during measurement, it is possible to secure an appropriate working distance while stabilizing the measuring device 2 with respect to the face of the subject 1. It has become. The front part of the forehead cover 3 is slightly rounded so as to be suitable for the curvature of the subject's forehead when measuring the left and right eyes. Further, it is preferable to attach a soft resin or the like to the front surface so as to obtain a fit with the forehead.
[0016]
When the measuring device 2 is not used, the forehead cover 3 is tilted downward with the horizontal rod 10 as the center of rotation, thereby serving as a protective cover for covering the measuring window 4. Reference numeral 3a denotes a knob for lifting the forehead cover 3.
[0017]
A liquid crystal display (LCD) 5 is arranged on the examiner's side of the measuring device 2, and at the time of measurement, alignment is performed while observing the subject's eye 1R (1L) projected on the LCD 5. The LCD 5 displays information such as measurement data. Reference numeral 6 denotes a control unit for performing measurements, switching functions, and the like.
[0018]
4 and 5 are side and top sectional views for explaining the sliding mechanism and the rotating mechanism of the forehead cover 3. FIG.
[0019]
Reference numeral 10 denotes a horizontal rod that supports the forehead cover 3 so as to be rotatable in the vertical direction. When the forehead cover 3 is rotated upward to be substantially horizontal (substantially parallel to the measuring optical axis), the horizontal state is maintained by a click mechanism provided on the forehead cover 3 and the horizontal axis rod 10. It is fixed. The click mechanism includes a click convex portion 14 having a rigid ball 14a, a spring 14b for urging the rigid ball 14a, and a click concave portion 15 formed in the horizontal rod 10 so as to be fitted to the rigid ball 14a. The horizontal rod 10 itself is prevented from rotating by the attachment of the parallel rod 12, which will be described later, so that the forehead cover 3 is maintained substantially horizontal when the hard sphere 14a is fitted in the click recess 15.
[0020]
Both ends of the horizontal rod 10 are slidably held along grooves 16 on both sides formed on the inner wall surface of the housing of the measuring device 2. Therefore, in a state where the forehead cover 3 is horizontal, the horizontal shaft rod 10 is guided by the groove 16 together with the forehead cover 3 and can slide toward the examiner. Further, two parallel rods 12 parallel to the groove 16 are attached to the horizontal rod 10, and the other ends of the parallel rods 12 are inserted into holes provided in the support plate 13. The parallel rod 12 stabilizes the movement of the forehead cover 3 when sliding.
[0021]
Reference numeral 11 denotes a compression spring, which is mounted between the horizontal rod 10 and the support plate 13 so as to cover each of the two parallel rods 12. As a result, the forehead cover 3 is constantly urged forward together with the horizontal shaft rod 10 during sliding, so that the positional relationship between the subject's eye and the apparatus can be stabilized and an appropriate working distance can be secured. Since the position on the subject side where the horizontal rod 10 slides is limited by the groove 16, the forehead cover 3 does not protrude from the state shown in FIG. The movement of the forehead cover 3 toward the subject may be restricted by providing a stopper member at the end of the parallel rod 12 on the examiner side and restricting the movement position by the stopper member and the support plate 13. .
[0022]
When the forehead cover 3 is rotated downward and used as a protective cover for the measurement window 4, the metal fitting 17 b provided on the forehead cover 3 is attached to the magnet 17 a provided on the housing of the measuring device 2. , Not to be unstable.
[0023]
FIG. 6 is a schematic layout diagram of the optical system of the apparatus.
[0024]
Reference numeral 20 denotes a slit optical system that projects a light beam for measurement. Reference numeral 21 denotes a slit illumination light source that emits infrared light, reference numeral 22 denotes a mirror, and reference numeral 23 denotes a cylindrical rotating sector which is rotated by a motor 24 in a fixed direction at a fixed speed. A plurality of slit openings having two different inclination angles are provided on the side surface of the rotating sector 23. One slit opening is provided so as to have an inclination angle of 45 degrees with respect to the rotation direction of the rotating sector 23, and the other slit opening is provided so as to have an inclination angle of 135 degrees with respect to the rotation direction. Reference numeral 25 denotes a projection lens, and the light source 21 is located at a position conjugate with the vicinity of the cornea of the eye to be examined with respect to the projection lens 25. 26 is a limiting aperture, and 27 and 28 are beam splitters.
[0025]
The infrared light emitted from the light source 2 is reflected by the mirror 22 and illuminates the slit opening of the rotating sector 23. The slit light beam scanned by the rotation of the rotating sector 23 is reflected by the beam splitter 27 after passing through the projection lens 25 and the limiting aperture 26. After that, the light is transmitted through the beam splitter 28 and condensed near the cornea of the eye E, and then projected on the fundus. Since the rotating sector 23 has slit openings with different inclination angles, the sensor 29 detects which angle of the slit light beam is projected.
[0026]
Reference numeral 30 denotes a slit detection optical system that detects a slit light beam for measurement projected on the fundus, and includes a light receiving lens 31, a stop 32, and a light receiving unit 33 on the optical axis L1. The diaphragm 32 is arranged at a focal position on the rear side of the light receiving lens 31, and the light receiving unit 33 is arranged at a position substantially conjugate with the cornea of the eye to be examined with respect to the light receiving lens 31. The light receiving section 33 has four light receiving elements on its light receiving surface.
[0027]
An optical system 35 projects an alignment index. Near-infrared light from a light source 36 is converted into a substantially parallel light beam by a projection lens 37, reflected by a beam splitter 38, further passed through a beam splitter 44 and a beam splitter 28. Then, the target is projected on the cornea of the subject's eye.
[0028]
Reference numeral 40 denotes a fixation target optical system. 41 is a light source, 42 is a fixation target, and 43 is a light projecting lens. The light projecting lens 43 fogs the eye to be examined by moving in the optical axis direction. The light source 41 illuminates the fixation target 42, and the light beam from the fixation target 42 passes through the light projecting lens 43 and the beam splitter 44, is reflected by the beam splitter 28, and travels toward the eye E to be examined. The target 42 is fixed.
[0029]
45 is an observation optical system. The anterior segment image of the eye E illuminated by the illumination light source 46 is imaged on the imaging element surface of the CCD camera 48 by the projection lens 47 via the beam splitters 28 and 44, and is projected on the LCD 5.
[0030]
The operation of the apparatus of the above embodiment will be described.
[0031]
When the forehead cover 3 is folded down as a protective cover for the measurement window 4 during measurement, the knob 3a is hooked with a finger, and the forehead cover 3 is lifted by applying a slightly stronger force than the magnetic force of the magnet 17a. Further, when the forehead cover 3 is rotated upward with the horizontal rod 10 as the center of rotation, the rigid sphere 14a of the click projection 14 fits into the click recess 15 of the horizontal rod 10 and even if the attached hand is released. The forehead cover 3 is held as it is without rotating downward.
[0032]
When performing the measurement, the examiner holds the measuring device 2 with both hands, and brings the measurement window 4 to the front of the eye 1R (or 1L). Since the anterior ocular segment image captured by the CCD camera 48 is displayed on the LCD 5, the approximate position is adjusted so that the anterior ocular segment image comes to the center of the screen while watching the image. Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the forehead cover 3 is placed on the subject's forehead, and measurements are made in the vertical and horizontal directions so that the reticle displayed on the LCD 5 and the alignment index projected on the subject's eye have a predetermined relationship. The apparatus 2 is moved to perform alignment adjustment in the vertical and horizontal directions. After the vertical and horizontal alignments are adjusted, the working distance is adjusted by moving the measuring device 2 back and forth and adjusting the alignment index. At this time, when the measuring device 2 is moved in the direction of the subject 1, the forehead cover 3 is moved to the back of the device by the above-described slide mechanism by the amount of the movement. On the other hand, the compression spring 11 is pressed by the forehead cover 3 to be compressed, and the compressed spring tends to return to its original state, so that the forehead cover 3 is pushed back by a certain force. For this reason, since the forehead cover 3 can always maintain contact with the subject's forehead, the positional relationship with the subject's eye can be stabilized.
[0033]
When the alignment is adjusted in this way, the examiner presses a measurement switch on the control unit 6 to start measurement. From the slit optical system 20, a slit light beam enters the fundus via the pupil, and is scanned and projected on the fundus. The light flux of the slit image reflected by the fundus and passing through the pupil is condensed by the light receiving lens 31 of the slit image detecting optical system 30 and reaches the light receiving unit 33 via the stop 32. The control unit of the device obtains the refractive power from the output signal from the light receiving unit 33. For the measurement of the eye refractive power, refer to Japanese Patent Application No. 8-283280 "Eye Refractive Power Measurement Apparatus" by the present applicant.
[0034]
In the measurement, the forehead cover 3 has a certain size and closes the upper gap between the subject's forehead and the apparatus housing, so that disturbance light from above, for example, a luminous flux from a fluorescent lamp or the like, Can be blocked by the forehead cover 3 and a measurement error caused by disturbance light entering the measurement window 4 can be prevented.
[0035]
When the measurement is completed and the forehead cover 3 is used as a protective cover for the measurement window 4, the examiner holds the forehead cover 3 and applies a force downward. When a force enough to cause the click protrusion 14 to separate from the click recess 15 is applied, the click protrusion 14 separates from the click recess 15 and the forehead cover 3 rotates downward. Further, the forehead cover 3 is rotated to attach the metal fitting 17b to the magnet 17a. As a result, the forehead cover 3 protects the measuring window 4 and prevents dust and dirt from adhering during carrying or storage.
[0036]
In the above embodiment, a compression spring is used to bias the forehead cover 3 toward the subject, but air pressure or hydraulic pressure may be used to change the pressure of the spring. Further, although a magnet is used to hold the forehead cover and the apparatus body in contact, a keeper using a pin or the like or a latch mechanism may be used.
[0037]
Further, in this embodiment, a hand-held eye refractive power measuring device is used. However, the present invention can be applied to an ophthalmologic apparatus for observing and photographing an eye to be inspected, including a hand-held type and a stationary type, and performing other measurements.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the stability of the measurement is improved by providing the forehead cover, and when using the forehead cover, disturbance light from the upper part is prevented, and before and after use, the forehead cover is used. Can be used as a protective cover of the measuring section to prevent dust and dirt adhering to the measuring window.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an external appearance of an apparatus according to an embodiment when viewed obliquely.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the external appearance of the apparatus of the embodiment as viewed from the side.
FIG. 3 is a top view of the external appearance of the apparatus according to the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view of the structure of the forehead cover used in the apparatus of the embodiment, as viewed from the side.
FIG. 5 is a partial sectional view of the configuration of the forehead cover used in the apparatus of the embodiment as viewed from above.
FIG. 6 is an arrangement diagram of an optical system in the apparatus according to the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
3 Forehead cover 4 Measurement window 10 Horizontal rod 11 Compression spring 12 Parallel rod 14 Click projection 14a Hard sphere 14b Spring 15 Click depression

Claims (5)

In an ophthalmologic apparatus including a housing containing an inspection optical system for measuring, observing, or photographing an eye to be inspected, the positional relationship between the eye to be inspected and the inspection optical system is brought into contact with the subject's forehead. Forehead for stabilization, and support means for rotatably supporting the forehead between a front position of an inspection window of the inspection optical system of the housing and a use position substantially horizontal to the housing. And a sliding means for sliding the forehead rest to the side facing the subject while keeping the forehead rest substantially horizontal to the housing, wherein the forehead rest supported by the support means is provided in the inspection window. An ophthalmologic apparatus characterized in that it is also used as a protection means for an examination window by rotating and arranging it at a front position. 2. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the slide unit includes an urging unit that urges the forehead rest toward the subject. 2. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: holding means for holding the forehead rest in a substantially horizontal state when the forehead rest is rotated to a substantially horizontal use position with respect to the housing. Ophthalmic equipment. 2. The ophthalmologic apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising fixing means for fixing the rotation when the forehead rest is rotated to the front position of the inspection window and used as a protection means. The forehead rest according to claim 1 has a size that, when brought into contact with the subject's forehead, blocks disturbance light that enters the inspection window from above between the forehead and the housing. Ophthalmic device characterized.

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