JP3593562B2 - Slurry flow control device used in shallow slurry injector - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a slurry flow control device used in a shallow slurry injector for controlling the flow rate of slurry when applying slurry such as livestock manure to a shallow layer in a field via an injector.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, when slurry such as livestock manure is applied to the field, the odor is seriously generated when the field is sprayed with a vacuum tanker or the like (surface application). are doing. In order to prevent this odor, there is a technique of applying a slurry to a depth of 20 to 30 cm using a slurry injector. However, this method has problems such as groundwater contamination and inefficient use of fertilizer components, and particularly in work. However, there is a problem that a tractor with a high horsepower is required, and the working efficiency is extremely poor as compared with the case of surface application.
[0003]
In a slurry tanker and a vacuum tanker, it is technically required to discharge the slurry as efficiently as possible, and the flow rate is widened from 1/3 of the conventional flow rate to the same flow rate as the conventional one as the present invention aims at. Nothing had the ability to change to In particular, in a vacuum tanker or the like, since the slurry is discharged while keeping the pressure in the tank constant, it has been difficult to continuously change the flow rate of the slurry having a different viscosity.
[0004]
In order to solve such problems, the present invention proposes a shallow slurry injector, but in order to reduce the traveling speed at the edge of the field or at the time of turning, the exposure of the slurry to the field surface is completely suppressed. Had to stop the slurry supply. In a place where the slurry was not supplied, there was a problem that there was no fertilizing effect, and there was uneven fertilizing effect in the field. Further, depending on soil conditions and work conditions, the discharge amount cannot be adjusted with a conventional slurry tanker, so that the slurry may be exposed by application to a shallow layer.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to solve such a problem, in the present invention, a control device capable of adjusting the amount of slurry supplied to the shallow slurry injector has been developed, and the exposure of the slurry to the field surface in the operation of the shallow slurry injector has been reduced. This aims to solve the problem of odor associated with slurry application.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is characterized by the following configurations and means.
A. Part After digging edge 16 of the slurry injection tubes 17 and soil covering plate 18 is disposed in, 該掘Kezuha 16, the slurry injection tubes 17 and cover soil plate 18, tip through a rotary support member 10 relative to the body frame 6 The injector 2 is supported on the rear side of the support arm 11 which is supported to be rotatable left and right through a parallel link 12 which operates in a vertical direction, a spring 13 provided on the parallel link 12, and a vertical movement range regulating member 14. The main body frame 6 is provided with a vertical adjustment support device 20 for moving the gauge wheel 19 up and down to adjust the application depth of the slurry to the field soil by the injector 2 and a weight 32 for stabilizing the operation of the injector 2 . .
[0007]
B. The set injector 2 so as to apply the slurry as animal manure and more traction to the tractor 1 in the shallow layer from the field surface to around 15cm, via the pump 25,25a slurry contained in the slurry tank 24 the throttle valve 30a, 55a and the transmission 26 for controlling the flow rate to the moving path for supplying to the injector 2 provided Te, the throttle valve 30a, 55a and the travel of the transmission 26 the tractor 1, the travel stops, depending on the running speed When the injector 2 hits an obstacle in the soil during the operation and moves upward, the upward movement of the injector 2 is controlled to temporarily reduce the flow rate of the slurry. To prevent exposure .
[0008]
[Action]
The above A.及beauty B. With the configuration and means described above, the slurry flow rate control device used in the shallow slurry injector of the present invention operates as follows.
a. The flow rate of the slurry from a slurry tanker or a vacuum tanker used in a shallow slurry injector capable of injecting the slurry into a shallow layer up to about 15 cm from the surface of the field is controlled, and the appropriate slurry is injected so that the slurry can be injected into the field. Exposure to the surface is prevented.
[0009]
b. The flow rate of the slurry is controlled in accordance with the traveling, stopping, and traveling speed of the tractor, thereby preventing the slurry from being exposed to the surface of the field.
c. When the fertilizer application and seeding are performed simultaneously with the injection of the slurry, the flow controller can obtain a predetermined fertilization and seeding amount by controlling the flow rate of the slurry.
[0010]
d. For the PTO output of the tractor, either a tractor having no ground PTO function or a tractor having a ground PTO whose rotation speed changes according to the traveling speed can be used. In a tractor having a ground PTO, the slurry flow rate can be controlled with higher accuracy.
e. Even in a pasture with a large amount of rubble and the like in the field, when the slurry injector hits the rubble, the slurry moves to the upper side by temporarily moving down the amount of the slurry flowing into the injector, so that the slurry injects into the surface of the field. Prevent exposure.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a tractor, 2 denotes a shallow slurry injector for injecting slurry into a soil layer approximately 10 to 15 cm from the surface of a field, and 3 denotes a slurry tanker (in some cases, a vacuum tanker). . At the rear of the tractor 1, a three-point link including a top link 4 and a pair of left and right lower links 5 is provided. The three-point link is provided at the center of a main body frame 6 of the slurry injector extending in the left-right direction. The mast 7 and the pair of left and right lower link connecting parts 8 are connected, and the slurry injector 2 and the slurry tanker 3 are pulled by the tractor 1 to perform work. Power is transmitted to the main body frame 6 via a PTO transmission shaft 9 from a PTO shaft (not shown) protruding rearward from the tractor 1. Although the tractor 1 of this embodiment has a ground PTO function in which the number of revolutions changes according to the traveling speed, the tractor 1 may not have the ground PTO function.
[0012]
In the slurry injector 2, seven units are supported in the left-right length direction of the main body frame 6 so that the left-right space can be adjusted. The left and right ends of the main body frame 6 can be folded up and down from the rotation support portion 6a in a state in which one set of the slurry injectors 2 is mounted, and are folded when the slurry injectors 2 move on the road. Can be narrowed and moved. Each of the slurry injectors 2 has a front end portion of a support arm 11 rotatably attached to a rotation support member 10 provided at a front portion thereof, and a pair of front and rear parallel links 12, a spring 13, and a vertical movement range regulation. A flower-shaped disc 15 and a subsoiler-shaped excavation blade 16 are attached via a member 14. A slurry injection pipe 17 and a cover plate 18 are attached to the rear portion of the excavating blade 16, and the cover plate 18 can be adjusted up and down. A pair of left and right gauge wheels 19 are supported on the main body frame 6 by a vertically adjustable support device 20 so as to be vertically adjustable, and the working depth of the slurry injector 2 can be adjusted.
[0013]
A connecting frame 21 extends rearward from a central portion of the main body frame 6 in the left-right direction, and a front end portion of the body frame 23 of the slurry tanker 3 is rotatable left and right at a rear end portion of the connecting frame 21 via a hitch device 22. Be linked. A slurry tank 24 is mounted on the body frame 23. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a positive displacement pump 25 is mounted on the front of the body frame 23, and power is transmitted through a transmission 26 to suck up the slurry in the slurry tanker 3 and supply it to the slurry injector 2. I do. The power transmitted to the main frame 6 via the PTO transmission shaft 9 is input to the transmission 26 via a power transmission shaft 27, and the speed of the transmission 26 changes the speed of the slurry from the slurry tanker 3 by the pump 25. The flow rate is controlled. The pump 25 may be mounted on the vehicle body frame 23 behind the slurry tank 24.
[0014]
The transmission 26 and the pump 25 constitute a main part of the flow control device. The discharge amount of the pump 25 is controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the pump 25 via the transmission 26 in the case of the slurry tanker 3, and in the case of the vacuum tanker, a sub-tank is provided in the vacuum tank and the injector is connected to the sub-tank. A throttle valve is provided in a pipe line leading to a distributor 28 described later, and the pump pressure of the pump 25 is adjusted and the operation is stopped so as to keep the water level in the sub tank constant. When the tractor 1 stops running or when the injector 2 is lifted, the rotation of the PTO transmission shaft 9 is stopped in the slurry tanker 3, and the throttle valve is closed in the vacuum tanker. When the slurry injector 2 is lifted by the parallel link 12 with rubble or the like, the slurry injection pipe 17 is narrowed by using the lifting force, and the flow rate of the slurry is reduced to prevent the slurry from being exposed to the surface of the field.
[0015]
On the other hand, a distributor 28 is mounted on the main body frame 6, and the distributed slurry is supplied to the slurry injection pipe 17 via a pipe 29. The distributor 28 is operated by the hydraulic pressure received from the tractor 1 to agitate the slurry supplied from the pump 25 via the hose 30 and to crush solids, bedding and the like contained in the slurry and distribute the crushed slurry to the pipe 29. It has the function to do. A fertilizer and a sowing method, in which a slurry is fed from a suction unit 31 provided in the slurry tank 24, and a fertilizer element (component) or a seed, which is lacking in the slurry, is fed and injected together with the slurry into a shallow layer of a field. Make up the device.
[0016]
Also, the pump 25 sucks up slurry, fertilizer, seeds, etc. from the slurry tank 24 and sends it to the distributor 28 via the hose 30, and sends the distributed slurry to the slurry injection pipe 17 via the pipe 29 and into the soil. Simultaneously with the injection, a part of the slurry sucked up by the pump 25 is returned (drained) into the slurry tank 24, a slurry circulation path is formed by the pump 25, and the slurry, fertilizer, seeds and the like in the slurry tank 24 are stirred, Prevents seeds from sedimentation. Reference numeral 32 denotes a weight for stabilizing the operation of the slurry injector 2. Alternatively, the slurry tanker 3 may be directly mounted on the tractor 1 and the slurry injector 2 may be mounted on the rear of the slurry tanker 3.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 5, the control of the discharge amount of the pump 25 in the slurry tanker 3 is performed by controlling the rotation speed of the pump 25 by the transmission 26, and from the pump 25 to the distributor 28-the injector 2 via the hose 30. A throttle valve 30a may be provided in the pipeline to control the flow rate. In FIG. 5, arrows indicate the flow of the slurry.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 6, in the case of the vacuum tanker 3a, a sub-tank 24b is provided on the vacuum tank 24a with a water head H secured between the vacuum tank 24a and the distributor 28, and the space between the sub-tank 24b and the vacuum tank 24a is discharged. The vacuum pump 25a and the inside of the vacuum tank 24a are connected through the suction part 31a by the communication pipe 34 and the throttle valve 34a, and the distributor 28 is connected to the sub-tank 24b through the supply pipe 35 and the throttle valve 35a. It may be configured to be connected to. Then, the flow rate of the slurry is controlled between the control range C by controlling the head H and the opening degree of the throttle valves 33a, 34a, 35a so as to keep the water level and the water pressure in the sub tank 24a constant. As shown in FIG. 7, a pipe constriction 36 is provided corresponding to the slurry injection pipe 17, and one end of the pipe constriction 36 is connected to the other end of the operation arm 37 pivotally supported by a fulcrum 37a on the main body side. Then, the pipe constricted portion 36 may be moved by the operation arm 37 in the direction of the arrow to adjust the slurry injection amount. In FIG. 7, reference numeral 38 denotes a stay, and the slurry is discharged in the direction of the arrow.
[0019]
Next, the operation of the fertilizer-seeding apparatus for the slurry tanker 3 (vacuum tanker 3a) used in the slurry injector 2 having the above configuration will be described.
The slurry injector 2 is directly mounted on the tractor 1 and sucks up the slurry, fertilizer elements and seeds stirred and mixed in the tank from the slurry tanker 3 or the vacuum tanker 3a by the pumps 25 and 25a, or pressurizes and pressurizes the slurry injection pipe. Injecting into a shallow layer of about 15 cm from the ground surface via fertilizer 17 and sowing, fertilizing and sowing, and covering with soil covering plate 18 so that the slurry is not exposed on the surface of the field at the end of the field as well as at the time of injection. A plurality of injectors 2 (seven in this embodiment) are provided in the width direction, and each injector 2 is independently suspended by a parallel link 12 and a spring 13 that operate in the vertical direction, and independently follows irregularities in the field. It is possible, and when the flower-shaped disc 15 or the excavation blade 16 comes into contact with an obstacle in the soil, it moves upward to avoid damage. In addition, the injector 2 can be rotated left and right by the rotation support member 10, and the injector 2 turns while the injector 2 is inserted into the soil.
[0020]
In this embodiment, the slurry injector 2 is directly mounted on the rear part of the tractor 1 and is basically mounted on the rear part of the slurry tanker 3 or the injector 2 and towed. However, the slurry tanker 3 or the vacuum tanker 3a is connected to the tractor 1. , And the injector 2 can be attached to the rear of the slurry tanker 3 or the vacuum tanker 3a to perform the operation. The slurry injector 2 and the slurry tanker 3 or the vacuum tanker 3a are pulled by the tractor 1, and the power to the tanker 3 or 3a is supplied to the transmission 26 of the pump 25 through the power transmission shaft 27 through the upper part of the injector 2. . The distributor 28 attached to the main body frame 6 is driven by hydraulic pressure supplied from the tractor 1 to finely cut impurities in the slurry, and prevents clogging in the pipe 29 of the injector 2 and the slurry injection pipe 17. At the same time, a uniform amount of slurry is distributed to the injectors 2 of each strip.
[0021]
The injector 2 adjusts the working depth of the flower-shaped disc 15 and the excavating blade 16 by the gauge wheel 19 to keep the slurry injection depth by the slurry injection pipe 17 constant, and the flower-shaped disc 15 cuts, for example, rhizomes such as grass. Then, the traction force of the digging blade 16 is reduced. The slurry is guided to the lower end thereof through a slurry injection pipe 17 disposed at the rear of the excavation blade 16 and applied to a shallow layer of a field. In order to secure the application rate of the slurry, a wing similar to the subsoiler is attached to the tip of the excavating blade 16 to soften the soil in the lower layer, and after the application, the soil is covered by the covering plate 18. The vertical groove cut by 16 is closed to prevent diffusion of the odor of the slurry.
[0022]
In response to obstacles such as rubble or the like in the field or irregularities in the field scene, each injector 2 works while moving up and down in the control range of the vertical movement range control member 14 by the parallel link 12 and the spring 13. . In particular, in a field having rubble, only the injector 2 having a rubble strip escapes upward by the parallel link 12 and the spring 13 and then descends, thereby reducing the exposure of the slurry to the field scene. In addition, since the flower-shaped disc 15, the excavating blade 16, the slurry injection pipe 17, and the earth covering plate 18 are attached by the rotation supporting member 10 so as to be able to turn left and right, the turning can be performed without lifting the injector 2 at the field end. Can be. Further, the swing of the injector 2 to the left and right also helps to avoid rubble.
[0023]
And, when the slurry is applied to the surface or deeply in the soil of 20 to 30 cm as in the past, it causes odor problems and groundwater contamination problems in the living environment due to atmospheric transpiration and underground permeation. The present invention can solve the problem that slurries become a major problem in dairy farming areas in prefectural prefectures where consolidation has progressed, and there have been cases where slurry cannot be applied to fields. Further, the injector 2 of the present invention has the same efficiency as the surface application using the vacuum tanker 3a or the like, and suppresses the atmospheric transpiration of odors and the infiltration of fertilizer components underground by applying the slurry to a shallow layer in the soil. By applying the fertilizer component to the rhizosphere of the crop, efficient use of the fertilizer component is promoted.
[0024]
In addition, while conventional deep application using a slurry injector requires a relatively long working time with a high-horsepower tractor, the fertilization effect is affected by fluctuations in the fertilizer components of the slurry, and the fertilization effect cannot be accurately determined. According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a fertilizer effect, and it is also possible to save labor for applying a fertilizer before sowing. Also, since the sowing apparatus has the same function as the simple renewal of the pasture simultaneously with the application of the slurry, the renewal of the pasture is promoted, and the production of the forage crop is increased. In particular, the device of the present invention is used in a shallow layer type slurry injector that can be injected into a shallow portion where a fertilizer component or a fertilizing effect can be expected.Since fertilization can be easily performed without a special driving unit or mechanism, seeding can be performed. In addition to labor saving, the reduction of livestock manure (slurry) in the field is promoted, and this is an environmentally friendly technology.
[0025]
Since the physical properties such as the viscosity of the slurry are very different in the reduction of the slurry to the field, there has not been a function having a function of making the flow rate constant or the like. Controlling the flow rate of the slurry against the high performance of the slurry injector 2 such as the fertilizer application and sowing functions in consideration of the shallow slurry injector 2 and its widespread use is not effective in preventing the odor from being exposed to the field surface. It is a necessary technique to control fertilization and sowing amount at the same time as slurry application. In addition, when the flow rate control technique is used, it is possible to obtain an accurate application rate according to the viscosity of the slurry, and it is possible to prevent excessive introduction of the fertilizer component. The use of the slurry tanker 3 or the vacuum tanker 3a having the flow control device promotes accurate livestock manure reduction in the field, and is an environmentally friendly technique.
[0026]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the fertilizer application system for a slurry tanker used in the slurry injector according to the present invention has the following effects by having the configuration of claim 1.
[0027]
I. The flow rate of slurry from a slurry tanker or a vacuum tanker used in a shallow slurry injector that can inject slurry into a shallow layer up to about 15 cm from the surface of the field is controlled, and appropriate slurry injection is performed to achieve slurry surface Exposure can be prevented.
B. The flow rate of the slurry is controlled in accordance with the traveling, stopping, and traveling speed of the tractor, so that the exposure of the slurry to the field surface can be prevented.
[0028]
C. When fertilizing and sowing simultaneously with the injection of the slurry, the flow rate control device can obtain a predetermined fertilizing and sowing amount by controlling the flow rate of the slurry.
D. For the PTO output of the tractor, either a tractor having no ground PTO function or a tractor having a ground PTO whose rotation speed changes according to the traveling speed can be used. In a tractor having a ground PTO, the slurry flow rate can be controlled with higher accuracy.
E. Even in a pasture where there is a large amount of rubble or the like in the field, when the slurry injector hits the rubble, the slurry moves to the upper side by temporarily moving the amount of the slurry flowing into the injector so that the slurry can be transferred to the surface of the field. Exposure can be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a slurry injector according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the slurry injector.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the slurry tanker.
FIG. 4 is a side view of the slurry tanker.
FIG. 5 is a side view of a slurry flow control device in a slurry tanker.
FIG. 6 is a side view of the slurry flow control device in the vacuum tanker.
FIG. 7 is a side view of a slurry flow control device in a slurry injection pipe.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tractor 2 Slurry injector 3 Slurry tanker 3a Vacuum tanker 4 Top link 5 Lower link 6 Injector main body frame 6a Rotation support part 7 Top mast 8 Lower link connection part 9 PTO transmission shaft 10 Rotation support member 11 Support arm 12 Parallel link 13 Spring 14 Vertical movement range regulating member 15 Flower disk 16 Drilling blade 17 Slurry injection pipe 18 Cover plate 19 Gauge wheel 20 Vertical adjustment support device 21 Connecting frame 22 Hitch device 23 Body frame 24 Slurry tank 24a Vacuum tank 24b Subtank 25 Displacement pump 25a Vacuum pump 26 Transmission 27 Power transmission shaft 28 Distributor 29 Pipe 30 Hose 30a Throttle valve 31, 31a Suction part 32 Weight 33 Discharge pipe 33a Throttle valve 34 Communication pipe 34a Throttle valve 35 Tube 35a throttle valve 36 a pipe constriction 37 operating arm 37a support 38 stays H hydrocephalus C control range

Claims (1)

The slurry injection tube edge at the back of the digging edge (16) (17) and soil cover plate (18) disposed, 該掘Kezuha (16), the slurry injection tubes (17) and soil cover plate (18), the body frame ( A parallel link (12) that operates in the up-down direction is provided on the rear side of the support arm (11) whose left end is rotatably supported via a rotation support member (10) with respect to 6) . The injector (2) is supported via a spring (13) and a vertical movement range restricting member (14) provided on the main body frame (6), and a gauge wheel (19) is moved up and down on the main body frame (6). A vertical adjustment support device (20) for adjusting the application depth of the slurry into the field soil according to 2) and a weight (32) for stabilizing the operation of the injector (2) ;
Set the application to the superficial layer of the slurry from the field surface to around 15cm, such as more traction to manure the injector (2) to the tractor (1), the slurry stored in the slurry tank (24) via a pump (25, 25a) throttle valve for controlling the flow rate to the moving path for supplying the injector (2) (30a, 55a) and the transmission (26) is provided, the throttle valve (30a, 55a) and shift The device (26) is controlled according to the traveling, stopping, and traveling speed of the tractor (1), and when the injector (2) moves upward while hitting an obstacle in the soil during operation, moves upward. operation the flow rate of the slurry is controlled to narrow temporarily by the shallow layer type slurry in Jefferies, characterized in that so as to prevent exposure to the field surface of the slurry Flow control device of the slurry used in the data.

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