JP3591757B2 - Apparatus for removing stones and nodules from cut sugar cane and method for removing trash from cut sugar cane - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention provides a method for removing trash such as earth and sand, dead leaves, green leaves, dead stems, canopy heads, and roots mixed in a sugar cane raw material mechanically cut by a harvester at a sugar factory , and uses the method. The present invention relates to a device for removing stones and root nodules in cut sugar cane .
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the harvesting method of sugar cane, which is a raw material in a sugar factory, is mainly performed by harvesting by machine harvesting. Inevitably). These trashes cause wear and failure of factory equipment. As a result, the maintenance cost of the factory equipment may increase and the factory yield may decrease. Therefore, in a sugar factory, it is necessary to first remove the trash in the cut sugar cane.
[0003]
In addition, hand-cut raw materials are being transported to a sugar factory without leaving whole stems without leaves without removing leaves on the farm for labor saving. Therefore, it is necessary to defoliate such hand-cut raw materials in a raw sugar factory.
[0004]
Based on such a request, a system for removing trash in cut sugar cane has been conventionally proposed.
As an example of this, there is a trash removal system described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2-291206. This system supplies the cut sugar cane to the detrusher while controlling the supply amount, where the soil, sand and mud are removed, and then the processed material from the detrusher is supplied to the roll type leaf removing drum to remove the sugar cane. After the leaf treatment, the dead stem and the canopy head are manually removed (hereinafter referred to as Prior Example 1).
[0005]
Another example is a trash removal system described in JP-A-62-253316. This system is a system for sugar cane raw materials in a state where whole stems are not defoliated. Specifically, first, after cutting the raw material by a cutter, the hakama is separated by a leveling blade for adjusting the thickness of the raw material transport layer, and subsequently, multi-stage wind sorting and specific gravity difference sorting are performed ( Hereinafter, this will be referred to as Prior Example 2).
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, there has been no conventional trash removal system that removes large stones and root nodules. Therefore, the removal of large stones and root nodules is performed manually, and laborsaving and automation of the entire system are incomplete. Therefore, the conventional system has a low overall processing capability.
[0007]
In Prior Example 1, although the system itself was simple, labor saving as an entire system was incomplete because removal of dead stems and tops was performed. As described above, the processing capability is reduced when manual work is included, as in the case described above.
[0008]
Further, in Prior Example 2, although the labor saving of the entire system was achieved, the system configuration was complicated such as performing multi-stage wind power sorting. For this reason, the equipment is excessively large, especially in a large factory that requires a large amount of processing, and the equipment cost and running cost required for it are high.
[0009]
On the other hand, as a method of removing the top of the tree without manual operation, there is a wet method in which a sugarcane raw material containing trash is poured into a water tank filled with water. This method separates and recovers both raw materials by using the fact that the top of the raw material put into the water tank floats on the water surface and the healthy stalks settle due to the difference in specific gravity between the top of the head and the healthy stem. However, this method has a problem in that the yield is reduced due to the fact that sugar is eluted from sugar cane and the necessity of a water supply / drainage facility.
[0010]
Therefore, a main object of the present invention is to simplify the system configuration and save labor as the whole system. Another object is to automate the removal of the head without dampening the raw material.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention that has solved the above-mentioned problems is characterized in that a spiral roll having a spiral guide on its outer peripheral surface is supported in parallel with a plurality of parallel rolls with a gap smaller than a large stone and a root mass. Groups are composed,
A supply chute is arranged below the spiral roll group,
A discharge chute is arranged below the tip of the spiral roll group,
A rotary drive source for the spiral roll is provided,
When cut sugar cane containing trash is put on the upper surface of the spiral roll group that is rotationally driven by the rotational drive source, the large stone and the root mass remain on the upper surface of the spiral roll group, and the spiral guide body on the outer peripheral surface of the spiral roll. Is pushed to the tip side of the spiral roll and discharged to the discharge chute, while the cut sugar cane including trash other than large stones and root nodules is discharged to the supply chute from the gap between the spiral rolls Have been
A device for removing large stones and root nodules in cut sugar cane, characterized in that: In the present specification, “large stone” refers to a stone having a major axis (or outer diameter) of about 70 mm or more, and “small stones” smaller than this are included in “earth and sand”.
[0012]
A second aspect of the present invention is a method for removing trash in cut sugar cane, which comprises the following steps (a), (b) and (c).
(A) A step of removing at least one of the large stones and the root nodules in the cut sugar cane using the device for removing stones and nodules according to claim 1 .
(B) A step of removing earth and sand in the cut sugar cane and peeling off the hakama of the cut sugar cane.
(C) a step of selecting at least healthy stems from the processed material processed according to the steps (a) and (b).
[0013]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a trash removal system according to the present invention, in which a step of removing large stones and root nodules by a large stone and root nodule removing apparatus 2, a step of removing earth and sand and a step of removing a hakama by a rotary trommel apparatus 4 are shown. And a process of sorting healthy stems by a wind sorter.
[0014]
<Step of removing large stones and root nodules>
Trash is mixed in the cut sugar cane (hereinafter, referred to as a first raw material) cut by a harvester (not shown). The first raw material is supplied onto the first conveyor 1, and is supplied to the oishi / root nodule removing device 2 by the first supply conveyor 1. A leveler (rotary leveling blade) 1a is disposed above the tip of the first supply conveyor 1, and by adjusting the transport speed of the leveler 1a and the first supply conveyor 1, a large stone / root nodule removing device 2a is provided. The supply material thickness and the supply speed of the first material supplied to the first material are respectively adjusted.
[0015]
As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the large stone and root nodule removing device 2 is a plurality of freely rotatable inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal plane and arranged in parallel with a gap smaller than the large stone and the root nodule. Are provided with a spiral roll group 2a composed of spiral rolls r, r,..., And a supply chute 2d to the second supply conveyor 3 is disposed below the spiral roll group 2a, and the height of the spiral roll group 2a is increased. A discharge chute 2c to the discharge conveyor 2E is provided below the front end of the place. Side plates 2f, 2f are arranged on the outer sides of the spiral rolls r, r at both ends, respectively, so as to be parallel to the rolls with a gap smaller than the large stone and the root mass. Further, r2, r2 ... indicate sprockets provided on the support shafts r1, r1 ... of the spiral rolls r, r ..., and G, G indicate reduction gears linked to a rotary drive source (not shown). A chain (not shown) is wound around the sprockets r2, r2 of the spiral rolls r, r ... and the sprockets G1, G1 of the reduction gears G, G, and the rotation drive source and the spiral rolls r, r ... It is constituted so that.
[0016]
In the large stone / root nodule removing device 2, for example, a first raw material including a trash on the upper surface of a spiral roll group 2a rotated as shown by an arrow in FIG. It is thrown. Of the input first raw material, the large stone and the root mass remain on the upper surface of the spiral roll group 2a without dropping from the gap between the spiral rolls r (or the gap between the spiral roll r at the side end and the side plate 2f). Then, it is pushed up to a higher place by a spiral lead (spiral guide) r3 on the outer peripheral surface of the spiral roll r and is discharged to the discharge chute 2c. On the other hand, cut sugar cane (hereinafter, referred to as a second raw material) containing trash other than large stones and root nodules is supplied from a gap between the spiral rolls r, r (or a gap between the spiral roll r at the side end and the side plate 2f). It falls onto the second supply conveyor 3 via the chute 2d. The stones and root blocks discharged from the discharge chute 2c are carried out by the discharge conveyor 2E and discarded.
[0017]
Note that the spiral roll group 2a can be installed horizontally, but if the spiral roll group 2a is inclined so that the discharge ends of the large stones and root nodules are high as shown in the illustrated example, the input raw material becomes a spiral roll. It is preferable because the stagnation stays on the group 2a for a longer period of time, and the separation effect between the large stones and root nodules and the other trash and cut sugar cane is improved.
[0018]
<Soil and sand removal and hakama stripping process>
The large stones and nodules are removed in the large stone and nodule removal device 2, and the second raw material supplied on the second supply conveyor 3 still contains other trash. This second raw material is conveyed to the rotary trommel device 4 by the second supply conveyor 3. The rotary trommel device 4 includes a trommel 4a (a screen having a cylindrical surface, a rectangular cylindrical shape, a truncated conical shape, or a truncated pyramid shape) which is pivotally supported in an inclined state. Is moved in the trommel 4a to the lower side in the circumferential direction and the axial direction, and is sieved.
[0019]
The second raw material is introduced into the trommel 4a from a high side of the rotary trommel device 4. The charged second raw material is lifted in the circumferential direction of rotation by the rotation of the trommel 4a, and then falls naturally, thereby moving on the screen surface to the lower side in the axial direction. During this movement process, only the earth and sand (including pebbles) in the second raw material passes through the screen and falls onto the first discharge conveyor 5 via the discharge chute 4c. Other trash and cut sugar cane (hereinafter, referred to as third raw material) are supplied onto the third supply conveyor 6 from the lower end of the trommel 4a via the supply chute 4b.
[0020]
In the same process, the cut sugar cane stays in the trommel 4a for a predetermined time, and the hakama of the cut sugar cane is separated by friction between the second raw materials and friction with the screen surface of the trommel 4a. The peeled hakama is not discharged in this step, but is supplied onto the third supply conveyor 6 as a part of the third raw material. The predetermined time depends on the material, shape, size, inclination angle, rotation speed, hole shape of the screen, and the like of the trommel 4a, and is preferably determined by experiments. According to the findings of the present inventors, a residence time of about 3 minutes or more is required at 60 t / h.
[0021]
On the other hand, it is preferable that the holes of the screen have a width of 15 mm and a length of 50 mm, since the stalks of sugar cane or the like are not stabbed in the holes of the screen and the clayey soil is not clogged.
[0022]
<Sound sorting process for healthy stems>
The third raw material is conveyed to the wind separator 8 by the third supply conveyor 6, where the raw material is sorted into three types: healthy stems, canopy heads and dead stems, dead leaves / green leaves and hakama. You.
[0023]
Prior to the wind sorting, the third raw material to the wind sorting machine 8 is transported by the two levelers 7, 7 (rotary leveling blades) provided on the upper side of the third feeding conveyor 6 during the transportation process by the third feeding conveyor 6. Is made uniform. The subsequent wind separator 8 employs a centralized sorting method that sorts into three types, such as healthy stems, canopy heads, and dead leaves, in one stage. The thickness should be as thin as possible.
[0024]
Subsequently, the third raw material that has been subjected to the supply layer thickness uniforming process is supplied to the wind separator 8.
In the wind separator 8, a raw material charging portion 8 b is provided at an upper portion of one side wall of the casing 8 a, and blower nozzles 9 a and 9 a are provided below the casing 8 a toward the other side wall of the casing 8 a and directed obliquely upward. At the bottom of the casing 8a, a first collecting chute 8d for healthy stems, a second collecting chute 8e for a canopy head and the like, and a third collecting chute for dead leaves and the like are arranged in the direction away from the blowing nozzle 9a. A chute 8f is provided, and an exhaust portion 8j is provided on an upper portion of the other side wall of the casing 8a.
[0025]
Further, a plurality of radially projecting spokes are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the shaft portion in the casing 8a of the wind separator 8 so that the feed material can be forcedly dispersed and dropped in the direction of the blowing nozzles 9a. A rotary scraping device 8g is provided in the vicinity of the raw material charging section 8b. The flying distance differs between when the raw material is wet and when the raw material is dry due to a rainy day or the like. A plate 8h is added to the boundary between the collecting chutes as necessary, and a baffle 8i is provided so that the wind blown from the blowing nozzles 9a, 9a is guided to the third chute.
[0026]
Reference numeral 9 in the figure denotes a group of blowing fans that blows air to the blowing nozzle via a pipe 9b. Reference numeral 10 in the figure denotes a wind blown into the casing 8a, and a blower 8j and a pipe 10a. And an exhaust fan for forcibly exhausting the air through the casing 8 and keeping the inside of the casing 8a at atmospheric pressure. In order to stabilize the wind speed and air volume and improve the sorting ability, it is preferable to use a plurality of blower fans as shown in the figure.
[0027]
In the wind sorter 8, the third raw material supplied through the raw material charging section 8b is dispersed by the rotary scraping device 8g and dropped toward the blowing nozzles 9a, 9a. The wind from the blower fan group 9 blows out from the blower nozzles 9a, 9a, and the dispersed and dropped third raw material receives the wind force uniformly and is blown off to the side wall at the other end of the casing 8a. Among them, the heaviest healthy stem falls into the first collecting chute on the near side and is collected, and then the heavy canopy head and dead stem fall and collect on the second intermediate shoot, and the lightest dead leaves, green leaves and hakama And the like are dropped and collected by the third chute located at the farthest side by the baffle wind guiding action.
[0028]
As a result, healthy stems emerge from the first collection chute and are supplied to the existing mill line by the third supply conveyor 11 installed below the first chute. The canopy head and the like collected from the second collection chute are discharged out of the system by the second discharge conveyor 12 installed below the second chute, and the dead leaves and the like collected from the second collection chute are collected by the second collection chute. It is discharged out of the system by a third discharge conveyor 13 installed below the three chutes.
[0029]
<Example of device>
When a system similar to the above example is constructed with a processing amount of 60 t / h as a target, each device is as follows.
(1) Oishi / Root Nodule Removal Device The spiral rolls (φ: 300 mm × L: 2500 mm) are arranged in seven rows, the roll inclination angle is set to 6 (degrees), and the roll rotation speed is set to 80 (rpm).
(2) Rotary trommel device The trommel is cylindrical (φ: 3200 mm × L: 9000 mm), the inclination angle of the trommel is 3 (degrees), and the rotation speed is 10 (rpm). With such specifications, the trash removal rate of the present apparatus is about 70%.
(3) The air volume of the wind separator is 800 (m ³ / min). The required power is 45 kW.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, simplification of the system configuration and power saving of the entire system are achieved. More specifically, the following effects can be obtained.
[0031]
(1) Trash can be removed in a large sugar factory with simpler equipment than conventional equipment. In addition, capital investment costs and running costs can be kept low.
[0032]
(2) The head can be efficiently removed as compared with the conventional wet separation method and the manual removal method.
[0033]
(3) According to the system of the present invention, when operated for 24 hours, trash removal processing of machine cutting raw material, which is much more than that of the conventional example, for example, 1000 (t / day) or more can be performed. In addition, the removal of the trash can reduce the wear and failure of the equipment in the sugar factory, and also improve the yield of the factory. On the other hand, a sugarcane-producing farmer can completely cut and harvest sugarcane, can increase the planted area by labor saving, and can increase the production of sugarcane as a raw material.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a trash removal system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the device for removing stones and root nodules according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a right side view of FIG. 2;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... 1st supply conveyor, 2 ... Oishi and a lump removal apparatus, 3 ... 2nd supply conveyor, 4 ... Rotary trommel apparatus, 5 ... 1st discharge conveyor, 6 ... 3rd supply conveyor, 7 ... Leveler, 8 ... Wind separator, 9: blower fan group, 10: exhaust fan, 11: third supply conveyor, 12: second discharge conveyor, 13: third discharge conveyor.

Claims (2)

A plurality of spiral rolls having a spiral guide on the outer peripheral surface are supported in parallel with a gap smaller than a large stone and a root mass, thereby forming a spiral roll group,
A supply chute is arranged below the spiral roll group,
A discharge chute is arranged below the tip of the spiral roll group,
A rotary drive source for the spiral roll is provided,
When cut sugar cane containing trash is put on the upper surface of the spiral roll group that is rotationally driven by the rotary drive source, the large stones and root lumps remain on the upper surface of the spiral roll group, and the spiral guide on the outer peripheral surface of the spiral roll. Is pushed to the tip side of the spiral roll and discharged to the discharge chute, while the cut sugar cane including trash other than large stones and root nodules is discharged to the supply chute from the gap between the spiral rolls Have been
A device for removing large stones and root nodules in cut sugar cane, characterized in that: A method for removing trash from cut sugar cane, which comprises the following steps (a), (b) and (c).
(A) A step of removing at least one of the large stone and the root nodule in the cut sugar cane using the device for removing a stone and nodule according to claim 1 .
(B) A step of removing earth and sand in the cut sugar cane and peeling off the hakama of the cut sugar cane.
(C) a step of selecting at least healthy stems from the processed material processed according to the steps (a) and (b).

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