JP3580507B2 - Composite magnetic member, method of manufacturing the same, and material for composite magnetic member - Google Patents
Composite magnetic member, method of manufacturing the same, and material for composite magnetic member Download PDFInfo
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- JP3580507B2 JP3580507B2 JP03128795A JP3128795A JP3580507B2 JP 3580507 B2 JP3580507 B2 JP 3580507B2 JP 03128795 A JP03128795 A JP 03128795A JP 3128795 A JP3128795 A JP 3128795A JP 3580507 B2 JP3580507 B2 JP 3580507B2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/0302—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity characterised by unspecified or heterogeneous hardness or specially adapted for magnetic hardness transitions
- H01F1/0306—Metals or alloys, e.g. LAVES phase alloys of the MgCu2-type
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Description
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は、例えば磁気スケール等に利用される非磁性であるオーステナイト組織部と強磁性であるマルテンサイト組織部を有する複合磁性部材とその製造方法および複合磁性部材用素材に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
例えば、強磁性体に等間隔で非磁性体部を形成した複合磁性部材を用い、この複合磁性部材に近接したセンサにより、非磁性部あるいは強磁性体部を検出して、位置決めを行なう磁気スケール等においては、特開昭６２−１６１１４６号に記載されるように、素材を塑性加工により加工誘起マルテンサイト化して強磁性体化した後、レーザー加熱等の局部加熱手段を用いて、マルテンサイトの一部を非磁性のオーステナイト組織とすることにより、所定の位置を非磁性化した複合磁性部材が用いられている。
このような、加工誘起マルテンサイト化した後、一部をオーステナイト化するのに適した素材としては、オーステナイト系のステンレス鋼や高マンガン鋼が知られている。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前述したように、複合磁性部材を得ようとすると、素材を塑性加工によって、マルテンサイト化し、次いで一部を加熱しオーステナイト化する必要がある。
そして、複合磁性部材としては、形成するオーステナイト部およびマルテンサイト部が安定して存在することが求められている。
マルテンサイトの安定度とオーステナイトの安定度は、相反する特性であり、組成に大きく依存する。
【０００４】
すなわち、マルテンサイト化しやすい組成を選択すれば、塑性加工後に加熱してもオーステナイト化しなかったり、もしくは一度オーステナイトに相変態しても容易にマルテンサイトに戻るため、非磁性部が得られにくいという問題が生じる。反対にオーステナイト化しやすい組成を選択すれば、塑性加工してもマルテンサイト変態が起こらなかったり、極めて高い加工率が必要であるという問題が生じる。このような問題に対して、本発明者等は、特開平６−１４０２１６号で提案するように、次に示すオーステナイトの安定度の指標である平山の当量を２０〜２３とし、ニッケル当量を９〜１２およびクロム当量を１６〜１９とすることで一応の特性を得ている。
Ｈｅｑ（平山の当量）＝〔Ｎｉ％〕＋１．０５〔Ｍｎ％〕＋０．６５〔Ｃｒ％〕＋０．３５〔Ｓｉ％〕＋１２．６〔Ｃ％〕
Ｎｉｅｑ（ニッケルの当量）＝〔Ｎｉ％〕＋３０〔Ｃ％〕＋０．５〔Ｍｎ％〕＋Ｃｒｅｑ（クロム当量）＝〔Ｃｒ％〕＋〔Ｍｏ％〕＋１．５〔Ｓｉ％〕＋０．５〔Ｎｂ％〕
【０００５】
しかし、現状では、さらなるオーステナイト部およびマルテンサイト部の安定化が求められると共に、製造の容易性が強く求められるようになってきている。本発明の目的は、マルテンサイト部とオーステナイト部を有する複合磁性部材を磁気特性を劣化することなく、容易に得る方法およびこの方法によって得られた新規の複合磁性部材を提供することである。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者がＦｅ，ＮｉおよびＣｒを主成分とする合金のマルテンサイト化、およびオーステナイト化と微量添加元素の関係について検討したところ、合金中に水素を含有させると、塑性加工によりマルテンサイト化し易くなり、しかもマルテンサイト化後加熱すると水素が拡散し、加熱部分がオーステナイト化し易くなることを見出し、水素を含有させれば、マルテンサイト部とオーステナイト部がともに安定な複合磁性部材が容易に得られることを知見し、本発明に到達した。
【０００７】
すなわち、本発明の製造方法は、 Ｆｅ，ＮｉおよびＣｒを主成分とする素材を水素含有雰囲気下で加熱し、素材中に水素を０．５〜４ｐｐｍ含有させた後、塑性加工によりマルテンサイト組織とし、次いで前記マルテンサイト組織の一部を加熱しオーステナイト組織とすることを特徴とする複合磁性部材の製造方法である。
この方法によって、得られる新規な本発明の複合磁性部材は、Ｆｅ，ＮｉおよびＣｒを主成分とし、マルテンサイト組織でなる強磁性体部分とオーステナイト組織でなる非磁性体部分を有しており、前記強磁性体部分に含まれる水素量が０．５〜４ｐｐｍであり、前記非磁性体部分の水素量は、前記強磁性体部分よりも少ないことを特徴とする複合磁性部材である。
また、複合磁性部材を得るためのマルテンサイト化する前の本発明の複合磁性部材用素材は、Ｆｅ，ＮｉおよびＣｒを主成分とし、水素を０． ５〜４ｐｐｍ含有し、組織が実質的にオーステナイトであることを特徴とする複合磁性部材用素材である。
本発明の複合磁性部材および複合磁性部材用素材としては、重量％でＣ ０．６％以下、Ｃｒ １２〜１９％、Ｎｉ ６〜１２％、Ｍｎ ２％以下、Ｓｉ １％以下、水素 ０．５〜４ｐｐｍ、残部実質的にＦｅの組成とすることが望ましい。
特に強磁性体部の強磁性特性、および非磁性体部の非磁性特性を高めるためには、平山の当量 Ｈｅｑ＝〔Ｎｉ％〕＋１．０５〔Ｍｎ％〕＋０．６５〔Ｃｒ％〕＋０．３５〔Ｓｉ％〕＋１２．６〔Ｃ％〕が２０〜２３％、であり、かつ、ニッケル当量 Ｎｉｅｑ＝〔Ｎｉ％〕＋３０〔Ｃ％〕＋０．５〔Ｍｎ％〕が９〜１２％、クロム当量 Ｃｒｅｑ＝〔Ｃｒ％〕＋〔Ｍｏ％〕＋１．５〔Ｓｉ％〕＋０．５〔Ｎｂ％〕が１６〜１９％である組成を満足することが望ましい。
【０００８】
【作用】
上述したように、本発明の最大の特徴は、水素を０．５〜４ｐｐｍ含有させたことにある。
素材中の水素量が増加すると、理由は不詳であるが、塑性加工によりマルテンサイト化し易くなり、マルテンサイトした後に加熱すると水素は加熱部分以外に拡散し、オーステナイト化しやすくなる。
すなわち、マルテンサイト化しやすくなることは、マルテンサイト部が安定に存在できることになり、また塑性加工率を高くする必要がなくなり、製造が容易になる。また、加熱によって水素を減少させることは、オーステナイト部を安定にすることができるため、従来のようなマルテンサイトを安定化したためにオーステナイト化しにくくなるという問題を解決できるのである。
【０００９】
本発明において、水素量を０．５〜４ｐｐｍとしたのは、それ未満ではマルテンサイト化を促進する効果が顕著でないためである。４ｐｐｍを越えると水素脆化により割れが生じ易くなるため４ｐｐｍ以下とする。水素含有量を０．５ｐｐｍ以上に制御するには、例えば水素分圧の低い雰囲気中で加熱するかもしくは、純水素中で加熱した後、水素分圧の低い雰囲気中で加熱する方法をとることができる。最も好ましい水素の含有量は１〜３ｐｐｍである。
【００１０】
本発明におけるマルテンサイト組織は、強磁性を示し、オーステナイト組織は非磁性を示すものであり、これによって磁気スケール等の複合磁性材料を構成するものである。また、本発明の複合磁性部材用素材は、マルテンサイト化する前の素材であり、水素の含有により、塑性加工によりマルテンサイト化し易く、またマルテンサイトした後に加熱すれば、水素が除かれ、容易にオーステナイト化するという特徴を持つ。
素材において、実質的にオーステナイト組織と規定したのは、磁気特性が均一なマルテンサイト化組織にするために好ましいからである。
本発明の複合磁性部材および素材の好ましい組成として、Ｃを０．６％以下としたのは、０．６％以下でも強磁性を示すが、炭化物量の増加により加工成形性が低下するからである。Ｃｒ量を１２〜１９％としたのは、１２％未満では塑性加工することによって発生するマルテンサイト中のＣｒ量が低下するため、強度が低下するからである。また、１９％を越えると非磁性部であるオーステナイト中にフェライトが発生し、非磁性部が減少するからである。
【００１１】
Ｎｉ量を６〜１２％としたのは、Ｎｉ量６％未満ではオーステナイトがあまり安定せず、フェライトが発生するため、非磁性部が得にくいからである。また、１２％を越えるとオーステナイトの安定度が高まり過ぎて加工誘起マルテンサイトの生成を阻害するからである。
Ｍｎを２％以下としたのは２％を越えると塑性加工によって発生するマルテンサイトの延性が低下し、加工成形性も低下するからである。
Ｓｉを１％以下としたのは、１％を越えるとマルテンサイトの延性を低下させるためである。なお、１％以下の添加は部材の高度を高める上で有効である。
また、平山の当量 Ｈｅｑ＝〔Ｎｉ％〕＋１．０５〔Ｍｎ％〕＋０．６５〔Ｃｒ％〕＋０．３５〔Ｓｉ％〕＋１２．６〔Ｃ％〕が２０〜２３％、であり、かつ、ニッケル当量 Ｎｉｅｑ＝〔Ｎｉ％〕＋３０〔Ｃ％〕＋０．５〔Ｍｎ％〕が９〜１２％、
クロム当量 Ｃｒｅｑ＝〔Ｃｒ％〕＋〔Ｍｏ％〕＋１．５〔Ｓｉ％〕＋０．５〔Ｎｂ％〕が１６〜１９％
である組成を満足すると、印加磁場８０００Ａ／ｍ時の強磁性部の磁束密度Ｂ８０００を０．４（Ｔ）以上にすることが容易であり、また非磁性部においては透磁率μを１．２以下に調整することが容易となるという利点がある。
さらに、ＭｏとＮｂは必ずしも添加する必要はないが、ＭｏはＭｓ点を低める効果があり、またＮｂは材料強度を高める作用があり、目的に応じて単独または複合で添加することができる。ここでＭｏが２％を越えると、またＮｂが１％を越えると加工成形が低下するため、好ましくはＭｏおよびＮｂの添加量の上限をそれぞれ２％および１％とした。
【００１２】
【実施例】
表１に示す組成の合金を熱間圧延により厚さ ２．５ｍｍの板材とし、その後１０００℃で５分間窒素と水素の割合が１：３のガス中で溶体化処理を行ない、その後、窒素雰囲気中で９００℃に加熱して水素含有量を調整し、異なる水素含有量で実質的にオーステナイト組織を有する複合磁性部材用素材を得た。表１に示すように水素含有量が異なるが、溶体化処理により、実質的にオーステナイト組織を示す素材が得られた。
複合磁性部材用素材は、透磁率μに示すように実質的に非磁性である。
なお、γ量（％）は、溶体化処理後のオーステナイト量で単位は％、μは透磁率、〔Ｈ〕は溶体化処理後の水素含有量で単位はｐｐｍである。また、Ｈｅｑは平山の当量、ＮｉｅｑはＮｉ当量、ＣｒｅｑはＣｒ当量である。
【００１３】
【表１】
表１に示す試料１〜５の試験片を冷間圧延により、板厚 ２．５ｍｍから１．２ｍｍまで圧下し、強磁性部の評価を行なった結果を表２に示す。表２から明らかなように、水素含有量の上昇に伴いマルテンサイトα′の量も増加し、磁束密度Ｂ８０００も上昇しており、水素の添加がマルテンサイト化を促進していることがわかる。
なお、表２に示すα′量（％）は、冷間圧延後のマルテンサイト量で単位は％、Ｂ８０００（Ｔ）は印加磁場８０００Ａ／ｍの時の磁束密度で単位はＴ（テスラ）である。
【００１５】
【表２】
表２に示す試料について、照射径３ｍｍでレーザー加熱により、瞬間的に材料の一部を８５０℃程度まで加熱して得られた非磁性部の特性を表３に示す。表３から明らかなように、部分加熱することにより水素含有量が低下し、実質的に非磁性を示すオーステナイト組織が得られている。表２および表３に示すように水素を添加することにより、マルテンサイト化しやすくなり、また加熱により水素が除去されて、オーステナイト化しやすくなったことがわかる。
なお、表３に示すγｒｅｖは部分加熱後の非磁性体部分のオーステナイト量で単位は％である。
【００１７】
【表３】
（実施例２）
試料番号６〜１０に示す化学組成の試験片でそれぞれにつき、水素含有量を変えた複合磁性部材用素材について、実施例１と同様の操作を行なった結果を表４および表５に示す。表４および表５から明らかなように、同一成分において、本発明の規定範囲内の水素量を有する試料は、水素量の少ない比較例の試料により、冷間加工においてマルテンサイト化し易く、磁束密度も高いことから、容易に強磁性化していることがわかる。また、その後の部分加熱により水素量が減少し、容易に非磁性化したオーステナイト組織が得られたことがわかる。
【００１９】
【表４】
【表５】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明によれば、合金中に水素を含有させることで、塑性加工によりマルテンサイト化しやすくなり、またその後部分加熱することにより、加熱部分が容易にオーステナイト化するため、強磁性部と非磁性部の両方の特性を有する複合磁性部材として、要求されていたマルテンサイト組織の安定化およびオーステナイト組織の安定化を両立することが可能となる。
さらに、マルテンサイト化しやすいことは、複合磁性部材の製造を困難にしていた強加工が不要となるため、工業的にも有効である。[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a composite magnetic member having a nonmagnetic austenitic structure and a ferromagnetic martensite structure used for a magnetic scale or the like, a method for manufacturing the same, and a material for the composite magnetic member.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, a magnetic scale that uses a composite magnetic member in which nonmagnetic portions are formed at equal intervals in a ferromagnetic material and detects the nonmagnetic portion or ferromagnetic portion with a sensor close to the composite magnetic member to perform positioning. And the like, as described in JP-A-62-161146, after forming the material into a ferromagnetic material by forming a work-induced martensite by plastic working, using a local heating means such as laser heating, the martensite A composite magnetic member in which a predetermined portion is made non-magnetic by using a non-magnetic austenitic structure in part is used.
Austenitic stainless steel and high manganese steel are known as materials suitable for partially austenizing after the formation of martensite after the induction of work.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in order to obtain a composite magnetic member, it is necessary to transform a material into martensite by plastic working, and then heat a part to austenite.
The composite magnetic member is required to have a stable austenite portion and a martensite portion.
The stability of martensite and the stability of austenite are contradictory properties and greatly depend on the composition.
[0004]
That is, if a composition that easily transforms into martensite is selected, it does not become austenite even when heated after plastic working, or easily returns to martensite even once transformed into austenite, so that it is difficult to obtain a nonmagnetic portion. Occurs. On the other hand, if a composition that easily forms austenite is selected, there arises a problem that martensitic transformation does not occur even when plastic working is performed, and an extremely high working ratio is required. In order to solve such a problem, the present inventors set the equivalent of Hirayama, which is an index of austenite stability shown below, to 20 to 23 and set the nickel equivalent to 9 as proposed in JP-A-6-140216. By setting 12 and the chromium equivalent to 16１９19, tentative characteristics are obtained.
Heq (equivalent of Hirayama) = [Ni%] + 1.05 [Mn%] + 0.65 [Cr%] + 0.35 [Si%] + 12.6 [C%]
Nieq (equivalent of nickel) = [Ni%] + 30 [C%] + 0.5 [Mn%] + Creq (chromium equivalent) = [Cr%] + [Mo%] + 1.5 [Si%] + 0.5 [Nb %]
[0005]
However, at present, further stabilization of the austenite portion and the martensite portion is required, and easiness of production is strongly demanded. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for easily obtaining a composite magnetic member having a martensite portion and an austenite portion without deteriorating magnetic properties and a novel composite magnetic member obtained by this method.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventors of the present invention have examined the martensitic transformation of an alloy mainly composed of Fe, Ni and Cr, and the relationship between austenitization and trace addition elements. When hydrogen is contained in the alloy, martensite is easily formed by plastic working. In addition, it has been found that when heated after martensitization, hydrogen diffuses and the heated portion is apt to be austenite, and if hydrogen is contained, a composite magnetic member in which both the martensite portion and the austenite portion are stable can be easily obtained. The inventors have found that the present invention has been achieved.
[0007]
That is, in the production method of the present invention, a material mainly containing Fe, Ni and Cr is heated in a hydrogen-containing atmosphere to contain 0.5 to 4 ppm of hydrogen in the material, and then martensite is formed by plastic working. And then heating a part of the martensite structure to form an austenitic structure.
The novel composite magnetic member of the present invention obtained by this method has a ferromagnetic portion composed of martensite and a non-magnetic portion composed of austenite, containing Fe, Ni and Cr as main components. The composite magnetic member is characterized in that the amount of hydrogen contained in the ferromagnetic portion is 0.5 to 4 ppm , and the amount of hydrogen in the nonmagnetic portion is smaller than that in the ferromagnetic portion.
Further, the material for a composite magnetic member of the present invention before martensitization to obtain a composite magnetic member contains Fe, Ni, and Cr as main components and contains hydrogen at 0.1%. It is a raw material for a composite magnetic member, which contains 5 to 4 ppm and has a structure of substantially austenite.
The composite magnetic member and the material for the composite magnetic member of the present invention may be C 0.6% or less by weight, Cr 12 to 19%, Ni 6 to 12%, Mn 2% or less, Si 1% or less, hydrogen 0.1% or less. It is desirable that the composition be 5 to 4 ppm, and the balance be substantially Fe.
In particular, in order to enhance the ferromagnetic characteristics of the ferromagnetic material portion and the non-magnetic characteristics of the non-magnetic material portion, Hirayama's equivalent Heq = [Ni%] + 1.05 [Mn%] + 0.65 [Cr%] + 0. 35 [Si%] + 12.6 [C%] is 20 to 23%, and nickel equivalent Nieq = [Ni%] + 30 [C%] + 0.5 [Mn%] is 9 to 12%, chromium It is desirable to satisfy a composition in which the equivalent amount Creq = [Cr%] + [Mo%] + 1.5 [Si%] + 0.5 [Nb%] is 16 to 19%.
[0008]
[Action]
As described above, the greatest feature of the present invention resides in that 0.5 to 4 ppm of hydrogen is contained.
When the amount of hydrogen in the raw material increases, the reason is unknown, but it is easy to form martensite by plastic working, and when heated after martensite, hydrogen diffuses to portions other than the heated portion and becomes austenite.
That is, the fact that martensite is easily formed means that the martensite portion can be stably present, and it is not necessary to increase the plastic working ratio, thereby facilitating the production. Further, reducing the amount of hydrogen by heating can stabilize the austenite portion, thereby solving the conventional problem that martensite is stabilized and austenite is hardly formed.
[0009]
In the present invention, the reason why the amount of hydrogen is set to 0.5 to 4 ppm is that the effect of promoting martensite is not remarkable when the amount is less than 0.5 ppm. If it exceeds 4 ppm, cracks are likely to occur due to hydrogen embrittlement . In order to control the hydrogen content to 0.5 ppm or more, for example, heating in an atmosphere with a low hydrogen partial pressure or heating in pure hydrogen and then heating in an atmosphere with a low hydrogen partial pressure Can be. The most preferred hydrogen content is 1-3 ppm.
[0010]
In the present invention, the martensite structure indicates ferromagnetism, and the austenite structure indicates non-magnetism, thereby constituting a composite magnetic material such as a magnetic scale. Further, the material for a composite magnetic member of the present invention is a material before being transformed into martensite, and by containing hydrogen, it is easily transformed into martensite by plastic working. It has the characteristic of becoming austenite.
The material is substantially defined as having an austenitic structure because it is preferable to obtain a martensitic structure having uniform magnetic properties.
The reason why C is set to 0.6% or less as a preferable composition of the composite magnetic member and the material of the present invention is that although C exhibits ferromagnetism even at 0.6% or less, the workability decreases due to an increase in the amount of carbide. is there. The reason for setting the Cr content to 12 to 19% is that if the Cr content is less than 12%, the Cr content in martensite generated by plastic working is reduced, so that the strength is reduced. On the other hand, if it exceeds 19%, ferrite is generated in austenite which is a non-magnetic part, and the non-magnetic part is reduced.
[0011]
The reason why the Ni content is set to 6 to 12% is that if the Ni content is less than 6%, austenite is not very stable and ferrite is generated, so that it is difficult to obtain a nonmagnetic portion. On the other hand, if the content exceeds 12%, the stability of austenite becomes too high, which hinders the formation of work-induced martensite.
The reason that Mn is set to 2% or less is that if it exceeds 2%, the ductility of martensite generated by plastic working decreases, and the workability decreases.
The reason why the content of Si is set to 1% or less is that if it exceeds 1%, the ductility of martensite is reduced. The addition of 1% or less is effective in increasing the height of the member.
Also, the equivalent of Hirayama Heq = [Ni%] + 1.05 [Mn%] + 0.65 [Cr%] + 0.35 [Si%] + 12.6 [C%] is 20-23%, and Nickel equivalent Nieq = [Ni%] + 30 [C%] + 0.5 [Mn%] is 9 to 12%,
Chromium equivalent Creq = [Cr%] + [Mo%] + 1.5 [Si%] + 0.5 [Nb%] is 16-19%
Is satisfied, the magnetic flux density B 8000 of the ferromagnetic portion at an applied magnetic field of 8000 A / m can be easily increased to 0.4 (T) or more, and the magnetic permeability μ of the non-magnetic portion is set to 1. There is an advantage that adjustment to 2 or less is easy.
Further, Mo and Nb do not always need to be added, but Mo has the effect of lowering the Ms point, and Nb has the effect of increasing the material strength, and can be added alone or in combination depending on the purpose. Here, when Mo exceeds 2%, and when Nb exceeds 1%, work-forming decreases, so the upper limits of the added amounts of Mo and Nb are preferably set to 2% and 1%, respectively.
[0012]
【Example】
An alloy having the composition shown in Table 1 was hot-rolled into a sheet having a thickness of 2.5 mm, and then subjected to a solution treatment at 1000 ° C. for 5 minutes in a gas in which the ratio of nitrogen and hydrogen was 1: 3. The content of hydrogen was adjusted by heating to 900 ° C. in the inside to obtain a material for a composite magnetic member having a substantially austenitic structure with a different hydrogen content. As shown in Table 1, although the hydrogen content was different, a material substantially exhibiting an austenite structure was obtained by the solution treatment.
The material for the composite magnetic member is substantially non-magnetic as indicated by the magnetic permeability μ.
The γ amount (%) is the amount of austenite after the solution treatment in units of%, μ is the magnetic permeability, and [H] is the hydrogen content after the solution treatment and is in ppm. H eq is Hirayama's equivalent, Ni eq is Ni equivalent, and Cr eq is Cr equivalent.
[0013]
[Table 1]
The test pieces of Samples 1 to 5 shown in Table 1 were rolled down from 2.5 mm to 1.2 mm in thickness by cold rolling to evaluate the ferromagnetic portion. Table 2 shows the results. As is clear from Table 2, the amount of martensite α ′ increases with an increase in the hydrogen content, and the magnetic flux density B 8000 also increases, indicating that the addition of hydrogen promotes the formation of martensite. .
The α 'amount (%) shown in Table 2 is the amount of martensite after cold rolling in units of%, and B 8000 (T) is the magnetic flux density when the applied magnetic field is 8000 A / m, and the unit is T (tesla). It is.
[0015]
[Table 2]
With respect to the samples shown in Table 2, the characteristics of the nonmagnetic portion obtained by instantaneously heating a part of the material to about 850 ° C. by laser heating with an irradiation diameter of 3 mm are shown in Table 3. As is evident from Table 3, the partial heating reduces the hydrogen content, and an austenitic structure substantially non-magnetic is obtained. As shown in Tables 2 and 3, it can be seen that the addition of hydrogen facilitated the formation of martensite, and the removal of hydrogen by heating facilitated the formation of austenite.
Note that γ rev shown in Table 3 is the amount of austenite in the nonmagnetic portion after the partial heating, and the unit is%.
[0017]
[Table 3]
(Example 2)
Tables 4 and 5 show the results obtained by performing the same operation as in Example 1 for the composite magnetic member materials having different hydrogen contents for the test pieces having the chemical compositions shown in Sample Nos. 6 to 10. As is clear from Tables 4 and 5, a sample having the same component and having a hydrogen content within the specified range of the present invention is more likely to become martensite in cold working than the sample of the comparative example having a small hydrogen content, and has a high magnetic flux density. , The ferromagnetic property is easily determined. In addition, it can be seen that the amount of hydrogen was reduced by the subsequent partial heating, and a nonmagnetic austenitic structure was easily obtained.
[0019]
[Table 4]
[Table 5]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the inclusion of hydrogen in the alloy facilitates the formation of martensite by plastic working, and the subsequent heating allows the heated portion to easily become austenite. As a composite magnetic member having characteristics of both a magnetic part and a non-magnetic part, it is possible to achieve both the required stabilization of the martensite structure and the stabilization of the austenite structure.
Further, the fact that it is easy to form martensite is industrially effective because it does not require strong working which has made the production of the composite magnetic member difficult.
Claims (9)
ニッケル当量 Ｎｉｅｑ＝〔Ｎｉ％〕＋３０〔Ｃ％〕＋０．５〔Ｍｎ％〕が９〜１２％、
クロム当量 Ｃｒｅｑ＝〔Ｃｒ％〕＋〔Ｍｏ％〕＋１．５〔Ｓｉ％〕＋０．５〔Ｎｂ％〕が１６〜１９％
である組成を満足することを特徴とする請求項１および２のいずれかに記載の複合磁性部材。Hirayama's equivalent Heq = [Ni%] + 1.05 [Mn%] + 0.65 [Cr%] + 0.35 [Si%] + 12.6 [C%] is 20 to 23%, and
Nickel equivalent Nieq = [Ni%] + 30 [C%] + 0.5 [Mn%] is 9 to 12%,
Chromium equivalent Creq = [Cr%] + [Mo%] + 1.5 [Si%] + 0.5 [Nb%] is 16-19%
3. The composite magnetic member according to claim 1, wherein the composition satisfies the following composition.
ニッケル当量 Ｎｉｅｑ＝〔Ｎｉ％〕＋３０〔Ｃ％〕＋０．５〔Ｍｎ％〕が９〜１２％、
クロム当量 Ｃｒｅｑ＝〔Ｃｒ％〕＋〔Ｍｏ％〕＋１．５〔Ｓｉ％〕＋０．５〔Ｎｂ％〕が１６〜１９％
である組成を満足することを特徴とする請求項４または５に記載の複合磁性部材の製造方法。The material is 20-23% of Hirayama's equivalent Heq = [Ni%] + 1.05 [Mn%] + 0.65 [Cr%] + 0.35 [Si%] + 12.6 [C%], and ,
Nickel equivalent Nieq = [Ni%] + 30 [C%] + 0.5 [Mn%] is 9 to 12%,
Chromium equivalent Creq = [Cr%] + [Mo%] + 1.5 [Si%] + 0.5 [Nb%] is 16-19%
The method for producing a composite magnetic member according to claim 4, wherein the following composition is satisfied.
ニッケル当量 Ｎｉｅｑ＝〔Ｎｉ％〕＋３０〔Ｃ％〕＋０．５〔Ｍｎ％〕が９〜１２％、
クロム当量 Ｃｒｅｑ＝〔Ｃｒ％〕＋〔Ｍｏ％〕＋１．５〔Ｓｉ％〕＋０．５〔Ｎｂ％〕が１６〜１９％
である組成を満足することを特徴とする請求項７または８に記載の複合磁性部材用素材。Hirayama's equivalent Heq = [Ni%] + 1.05 [Mn%] + 0.65 [Cr%] + 0.35 [Si%] + 12.6 [C%] is 20 to 23%, and
Nickel equivalent Nieq = [Ni%] + 30 [C%] + 0.5 [Mn%] is 9 to 12%,
Chromium equivalent Creq = [Cr%] + [Mo%] + 1.5 [Si%] + 0.5 [Nb%] is 16-19%
9. The material for a composite magnetic member according to claim 7, wherein the material satisfies the following composition.
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| JP03128795A JP3580507B2 (en) | 1995-02-21 | 1995-02-21 | Composite magnetic member, method of manufacturing the same, and material for composite magnetic member |
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| CA2715814A1 (en) * | 2008-02-29 | 2009-09-03 | Yukitaka Murakami | Austenitic stainless steel, and method for removing hydrogen therefrom |
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