JP3575048B2 - Machine Tools - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to a machine tool, and more particularly to a gate-shaped machine tool having a tool magazine installed in a bed.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an example of a portal type machine tool in which a tool magazine is installed is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-144639.
In this product, a table that supports the work is provided movably on the lower bed, an upper bed is installed on the lower bed so as to straddle this table, and a gate-shaped bed is composed of the lower bed and the upper bed A spindle head is provided on the upper bed so as to be movable in the horizontal and vertical directions, and a spindle on which a tool is mounted is rotatably mounted on the spindle head so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis. In the gate-shaped bed, a tool magazine holding a plurality of tools is installed so as to be movable in the direction of movement of the table.
[0003]
In the above configuration, at the time of tool exchange, the tool magazine is moved to the main spindle side, the main spindle is moved to the tool exchange position, and the tool is exchanged between the main spindle and the tool magazine.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, since the tool magazine is installed in the gate-shaped bed, workability is poor when an operator changes tools held in the tool magazine or performs maintenance and inspection of the tool magazine. There was a problem.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The machine tool of the present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problem. Fixing means for detachably fixing the tool magazine to the lower bed, and fixing of the tool magazine to the lower bed by the fixing means have been removed. Elevating means for elevating and lowering the tool magazine with respect to the lower bed in a state, and moving means for bringing the tool magazine into contact with the lower bed when the tool magazine is lowered by the elevating means so that the tool magazine can move on the lower bed. is intended, characterized in that the provided, also, additional to that provided detachably supporting member for temporarily mounting the tool magazine taken out from the interior space of the bed to the side surface of the lower bed it is an features.
[0006]
[Action]
In the above configuration, the tool magazine is raised a predetermined amount by the temperature descending means, moving means in a state of being separated from the lower bed top, in this state, the tool magazine is positioned and fixed to the lower bed by a fixing means I have. Then, when performing maintenance of the tool magazine, first, to release the tool magazine to the lower bed by fixed means, then the moving means in the lower bed by lowering the tool magazine by the elevating means those Contact , ie, sit down. Accordingly, the tool magazine can be easily moved on the lower bed by the action of the moving means, and the tool magazine can be pulled out of the bed from the internal space of the bed formed by the lower bed and the upper bed.
[0007]
Preferably, before pulling out the tool magazine from the inner space of the bed to the outside of the bed, a support member is attached to a side surface of the lower bed, and an operator moves the tool magazine onto the support member by the action of the moving means. Then, in a state where the elevating means is raised by a predetermined amount by the elevating means and the elevating means is seated on the upper surface of the lower bed , that is, the tool magazine temporarily suitably mounted on the support member is easily moved by the action of the moving means. Inspection and maintenance are carried out in a state where is stopped .
[0008]
【Example】
A vertical machining center according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, reference numeral 10 denotes a bed. The bed 10 includes a lower bed 10 a on which a horizontal support surface 11 on which a tool magazine 28 and a tool changer 29 described later are mounted, and a support bed 11. And an upper bed 10b formed integrally with the lower bed 10a so as to form a space.
[0009]
A saddle 12 is supported on the upper bed 10b so as to be horizontally movable in the front-rear direction, that is, in the X-axis direction in FIG. A column 13 is supported on the saddle 12 so as to be horizontally movable in the horizontal direction, that is, in the Y-axis direction in FIG. A spindle head 14 is supported on the column 13 so as to be able to move up and down in the vertical direction, that is, the Z-axis direction in FIG. 1. A spindle 15 is rotatably supported on the spindle head 14 about a vertical axis. I have. The tool T is detachably held at the tip of the main shaft 15.
[0010]
Here, the saddle 12 is driven by a saddle moving motor 16 provided on the upper bed 10b, the column 13 is driven by a column moving motor 17 provided on the saddle 12, and the spindle head 14 is driven by a spindle head moving motor 18 provided on the column 13. The spindle 15 is driven to advance and retreat, and the spindle 15 is rotationally driven by a spindle drive motor 19 provided on the spindle head 14.
[0011]
A conveyor 20 for loading and unloading the work W is provided in front of the lower bed 10a, and a jig device 21 for abutting the work W and positioning the lower end of the work W at a loading position for loading the work W by the conveyor 20. The jig device 21 is configured to move up and down by a lifting cylinder (not shown). As a result, when the work W is carried in, the jig device 21 is raised, and the work W is raised to a certain position to perform horizontal and vertical positioning.
[0012]
A clamp device 22 that presses and fixes the work W from above is installed near the conveyor 20. The clamp device 22 includes a clamp arm 24 rotatably supported by a bracket 23 attached to the lower bed 10a. And a clamp cylinder 25 having a rod 25a connected to one end of the clamp arm 24, and the other end of the clamp arm 24 abuts on the upper surface of the work W to fix the work W.
[0013]
In FIG. 4, 26 is a control box, and 27 is a pump unit. Therefore, predetermined processing is performed on the workpiece W that is positioned and fixed by controlling the main shaft 15 in three axes. An internal space of the bed 10, the lower needle bed on 10 a to the tool magazine 28, tool changer 29 is installed.
[0014]
A column 31 is erected on a magazine base 30 of the tool magazine 28, and a magazine plate 32 is supported on the column 31. A drive sprocket (not shown) connected to an index drive motor 34 attached to the column 31 via a bracket 33 is axially mounted on the magazine plate 32, and is separated from the drive sprocket. An endless chain (not shown) is suspended between a driven wheel (not shown) axially mounted on the magazine plate 32. A plurality of socket storage portions 35 are integrally provided at equal intervals on a chain link (not shown) constituting the chain, and are formed on both surfaces of a rectangular socket 36 in which a tool is detachably mounted in these socket storage portions 35. The engaged engagement grooves are engaged, and the sockets can be respectively detached in the radial direction.
[0015]
A fixed guide rail 37 is provided on the magazine plate 32 so as to surround the socket storage section 35, and the guide rail 37 prevents the socket 36 from dropping out of the socket storage section 35.
The guide rail 37 and the magazine plate 32 are cut out at the tool take-out position P so that the socket 36 can be taken out. A socket transfer device 38 described later is provided in this cut-out portion. When the indexing drive motor 34 rotates and indexes the socket 36 holding the tool T to the tool extracting position P1, the hook 39 of the socket transfer device 38 and the socket 36 are engaged.
[0016]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the socket transfer device 38 includes a hook 39 that engages with and holds the socket 36 passing through the tool take-out position P1, and rollers provided on both side surfaces of the hook 39 (see FIGS. (Not shown), a plate cam 40 provided at the tool take-out position P1 of the magazine plate 32, and formed with a groove for guiding the roller on the main shaft 15 side and obliquely above the magazine plate 32; It comprises a hook moving cylinder 41 attached, and a hook moving arm 42 having one end pivotally attached to the tip of a rod 41a of the hook movement cylinder 41 and the other end pivotally attached to a hook 39. You.
[0017]
Therefore, the tool T is transferred to the transfer position P2 indicated by the dotted line in FIG. 3 by the hook 39 engaged with the socket 36 being transferred obliquely above the magazine plate 32 by the hook movement cylinder 41.
The tool changing device 29 includes a tool changing arm 43, and a tool changing drive motor 45 and a cam mechanism (not shown) provided in the base 44 are provided at a base 44 of the tool changing device 29. The drive motor 45 and the cam mechanism allow the tool change arm 43 to rotate about an axis parallel to the Z axis in FIG. 2 and to move up and down in the Z axis direction. At both ends of the tool change arm 43, grip portions 43a for detachably clamping the tool T are provided.
[0018]
Therefore, at the time of tool change, as shown in FIG. 3, the tool change arm 43 is raised to the raised end position, and the tool T held by the main shaft 15 and the socket 36 is clamped by the gripping portion 43a. The tool change arm 43 is lowered by 180 ° at the lower end position, and then is raised to the upper end position to transfer the tool T to the socket 36 and the spindle 15.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 5, the magazine base 30 of the tool magazine 28 is screwed to the lower bed 10a, and a fixing bolt 46 for fixing the magazine base 30 to the lower bed 10a is screwed to the magazine base 30. Then, a jack bolt 47 for moving the magazine base 30 up and down with respect to the lower bed 10a with the fixing bolt 46 removed, a ball 48 abutting on the lower bed 10a, and a housing for rotatably storing the ball 48. A roller 50 composed of a member 49 and a spacer 51 disposed between the lower bed 10a and the magazine base 30 when fixed are provided at four corners. Notches 51a, 51b, and 51c for the fixing bolt 46, the jack bolt 47, and the roller 50 are formed in the spacer 51, respectively.
[0020]
Here, the fixing bolt 46 corresponds to fixing means, the jack bolt 47 corresponds to elevating means, and the roller 50 corresponds to moving means.
At the time of fixing, as shown in FIG. 6, the roller 50 is separated from the upper surface of the lower bed 10a, the entire load of the tool magazine 28 is received by the spacer 51, and the magazine base 30 is fixed to the lower bed 10a by the fixing bolt 46. The tool magazine 28 is positioned with respect to the lower bed 10a by a knock pin (not shown).
[0021]
Similarly, a fixing bolt 46, a jack bolt 47, a roller 50, and a spacer 51 are provided below the base 44 of the tool changer 29. In FIG. 4 , reference numerals 52a and 52b denote support members detachably attached to the side surfaces of the lower bed 10a by mounting bolts or the like (not shown). During maintenance and inspection, the tool magazine 28 is provided on the support member 52a. tool changer 29 is temporarily placed respectively on 52 b, these supporting members 52a, 52b are detached from the lower bed 10a in normal times is not performed maintenance.
[0022]
In the above configuration, an operation procedure when the operator performs maintenance and inspection of the tool magazine 28 will be described.
As shown in FIG. 6, the tool magazine 28 is fixed to the lower bed 10a, and the fixing bolt 46 is first removed.
Next, by screwing the jack bolt 47 in one direction, the magazine base 30 is raised in the direction away from the support surface 11 of the lower bed 10a, that is, in the Z-axis direction.
[0023]
In this state, the spacer 51 is removed. (See Fig. 7)
Next, by screwing the jack bolt 47 in the other direction, the magazine base 30 is lowered, the ball 48 of the roller 50 comes into contact with the lower bed 10a, and the tool magazine 28 is supported by the roller 50. (See Fig. 8)
Next, a support member 52a is attached to the side surface of the lower bed 10a, and the operator moves the tool magazine 28 onto the support member 52a as shown by an arrow in FIG. The base 30 is raised with respect to the support member 52a, the tool magazine 28 is supported by the jack bolt 47, and the movement of the tool magazine 28 is restrained. Then, maintenance and inspection of the tool magazine 28 are performed in this state.
[0024]
After the maintenance and inspection, the jack bolt 47 is screwed in the other direction so that the roller 50 abuts on the support member 52a again, and the tool magazine 28 is moved to a fixed position with respect to the lower bed 10a. The magazine 28 is positioned on the lower bed 10a. Then, the magazine base 30 is raised by the jack bolt 47, and the spacer 51 is provided. At this time, the ball 48 of the roller 50 is separated from the support surface 11 of the lower bed 10a. (See Fig. 7)
Next, the magazine base 30 is lowered by the check bolt 47, and the lower surface of the magazine base 30 is brought into contact with the upper surface of the spacer 51 to support the magazine base 30. (See Fig. 6)
Next, the magazine base 30 is fixed to the lower bed 10a by the fixing bolt 46. The support member 52a is removed after the maintenance and inspection is completed.
[0025]
The maintenance and inspection of the tool changing device 29 is performed in the same manner as described above, and in this case, the support member 52b is attached to the side surface of the bed 10a.
In the above, since the fixing bolt 46 is used as the fixing means, the jack bolt 47 is used as the elevating means, and the roller 50 is used as the moving means, the tool magazine 28 and the tool changing device 29 can be fixed, lifted and moved by a simple configuration. Can be.
[0026]
Further, since the spacer 51 is provided between the magazine base 30 and the bed 10 during the normal fixing, the jack bolt 47 only needs to temporarily receive the full load of the tool magazine 28 temporarily when the magazine base 30 moves up and down. At this time, the entire load is received by the spacer 51, and the tool magazine 28 can be fixed in a stable state.
In the above-described embodiment, the maintenance and inspection are performed on the support member. However, the tool magazine or the tool changer is transported to the ground by a crane or the like while being mounted on the support member, and is placed on the ground. Then, it may be raised by jack bolts to perform maintenance and inspection.
[0027]
Further, in the above embodiment, the tool magazine and the tool changing device are separately installed on the bed, and the fixing means, the elevating means, and the moving means are provided respectively, but the tool changing device is provided integrally with the tool magazine, The magazine and the tool changing device may be integrally fixed, moved up and down, and moved.
Further, in the above embodiment, the present invention is applied to a tool magazine and an automatic tool changer installed in a column of a vertical machining center for moving a spindle in three directions of X axis, Y axis and Z axis. Is not limited to such a configuration, and is applicable to all tool magazines and tool changers that are spaces formed in the bed and installed on the bed.
[0028]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the machine tool of the present invention provides a tool magazine, which is a space formed in a bed and provided on the bed, with a fixing means, a lifting means, and a moving means for the bed, respectively. Can easily be moved to a place where maintenance and inspection work can be easily performed, and workability can be improved. Furthermore, since the support member for mounting the tool magazine is detachably attached to the side of the bed, the work at the time of maintenance and inspection is further facilitated. be able to.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a vertical machining center showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a vertical machining center showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view showing a state on a bed.
FIG. 4 is a top view showing a state on a bed.
FIG. 5 is a top view of the magazine base.
FIG. 6 is a side view of the magazine base.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state in which the magazine base is jacked up.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a state in which the magazine base is supported by rollers.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Bed 10a Lower bed 10b Upper bed 14 Spindle head 15 Spindle 28 Tool magazine 29 Tool changing device 46 Fixing bolt (fixing means)
47 jack bolt (elevating means)
50 rollers (moving means)
52a, 52b Supporting member T Tool

Claims (2)

A lower bed, an upper bed erected on the lower bed so as to form a space in a substantially central area on the lower bed, and movably in a horizontal direction and a vertical axis direction on the upper bed. a spindle head provided, a main shaft rotatably journalled to the tool at the tip is removably mounted around a vertical axis to the spindle head, the pre-SL tool is installed on a lower bed in the space a tool magazine which holds a plurality, in a machine tool having a tool changer for transferring the tool between said main shaft and pre SL tool magazine is disposed on the lower bed in the space, the tool magazine Fixing means for detachably fixing the tool magazine to the lower bed; and A lifting means for raising and lowering the tool magazine, a moving means for this by lifting means abuts against the lower bed when lowering the said tool magazine, on the lower bed the tool magazine is movable from said space A machine tool comprising: 2. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a support member for temporarily mounting the tool magazine moved from the space by the moving means is detachably provided on a side surface of the lower bed.

Images