JP3552555B2 - Heat storage floor heating structure - Google Patents

Heat storage floor heating structure Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3552555B2
JP3552555B2 JP30356798A JP30356798A JP3552555B2 JP 3552555 B2 JP3552555 B2 JP 3552555B2 JP 30356798 A JP30356798 A JP 30356798A JP 30356798 A JP30356798 A JP 30356798A JP 3552555 B2 JP3552555 B2 JP 3552555B2
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Prior art keywords
heat storage
floor heating
heating structure
bag
storage floor
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JP30356798A
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JP2000130778A (en
Inventor
正和 遠田
征久 森本
雅司 浦野
太 前田
宗一郎 川田
俊樹 田村
敏郎 堀田
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Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd
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Matsushita Electric Works Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この出願の発明は、蓄熱床暖房構造に関するものである。さらに詳しくは、この発明は、施工時の袋体損傷を抑制し、また根太として通常規格材のものを用いて、施工性、信頼性、経済性の向上を実現することができる、新しい蓄熱床暖房構造に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、住宅等の暖房装置として、床面下方に電気またはガスを駆動源とするヒータを設けた床暖房構造が知られている。また、ヒータの熱を蓄熱材に蓄え、この蓄熱を徐々に放出することによってヒータの運転時間を短縮することのできる経済性に優れた蓄熱床暖房構造も知られている。特に、電気駆動ヒータの場合には、電気料の安価な深夜電力によって蓄熱材を熱し、その蓄熱を昼間に使用することができるという利点を有している。
【0003】
この蓄熱床暖房構造では、図9に断面図を例示したように、たとえば断熱材(1)上の合板(2)と床材(3)との間に根太(4)を介在させて空気層(5)を設け、この空気層(5)にヒータ(6)および蓄熱材(7)を配設している。ヒータ(6)の熱は蓄熱材(7)に蓄えられ、この蓄熱材(7)から放出された熱が空気層(5)を介した輻射熱として床材(3)を加温するようになっている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、図9に例示したような従来の蓄熱床暖房構造の場合には、蓄熱材(7)からの熱放出を制御できないために、24時間、たとえば室内に人が不在の外出時や就寝時など、暖房の必要のない時でも一定の熱を連続して放出してしまうため、ランニングコストが高くなるという問題があった。このため、必要時に備えて常に一定間隔でヒータ(6)を運転する必要があり、経済性および省エネルギー対策の点で問題があった。また、外気温の上昇によって暖房が必要ない場合、たとえば秋口や春先など、暖房が必要な時期でも比較的外気温が高い時、あるいは一日の内でも気温が高くなる昼間等でも蓄熱材(7)からの放熱を制御できないために、室温が高くなりすぎてしまうという不都合も存在した。
【0005】
このため、たとえば、ヒータ(6)の下側にエアバック等を配設し、エアバック内への空気供給量を調節することによってヒータ(6)および蓄熱材(7)を上下させ、これによって空気層(5)の厚みを変化させて熱放出量を制御する構造が提案されている(特開平4−194518号公報)。しかしながら、確かに空気層の熱伝導率は空気層の厚みによって変化するが、その変化量は極僅かであるため、この従来構造の場合には上記の問題点を解決するほどの効果をあげていないのが実状である。
【0006】
そこで、この出願の発明の発明者等は、蓄熱床暖房において蓄熱材からの放熱量の自在制御を可能ならしめるために、密閉空気層の熱抵抗と熱放射性(熱伝導性)の知見に基づき、密閉空気層に低熱放射材を配置すると熱放射抑制状態となることを構造として実現した蓄熱床暖房構造をすでに開発している。
この蓄熱床暖房構造では、たとえば図10に例示したように、蓄熱材(7)と床材(3)との間に形成された空気層(5)中に、放熱量制御装置(8)として、熱放射率の高い物質(たとえば各種樹脂、プラスチックのシートやフィルム)からなる膨張収縮自在な袋体(11)とこの袋体(11)の上側上面に配置したアルミニウム箔や銅箔等の熱放射率の低い面体(14)を備えており、さらに袋体(11)には、送風手段として、たとえばダクト(12)に連結したファン(13)を配置し、空気を袋体(11)中に送り込みまたこれが排気できるようにしている。
【0007】
このような構成の蓄熱床暖房構造にて行われる放熱制御にかかわる放熱促進状態と放熱抑制状態について説明する。
(放熱促進状態)
ファン(13)を運転すると、送風ダクト(12)を通して袋(11)の中の空間(10)に空気が送風され、袋体(11)内の圧力が上がり、袋体(11)は膨らんでいき、やがて袋体(11)上側の床材(3)裏面に密着する。この状態では、袋体(11)内部で形成される空気層は、空気層上面および下面とも放射率の高い材質で形成されるので、(放熱抑制状態に比較して)空気層の熱抵抗は小さくなる。
【0008】
よって、蓄熱材(7)からの放熱は、(放熱抑制状態のときより)大きくなる。
(放熱抑制状態)
ファン(13)を停止すると、袋体(11)の自重により、袋体(11)はしぼむ。この状態では、床材(3)裏面と面体(14)との間で形成される空気層は、空気層下面が放射率の低い材質の面体(14)で形成されるので、(放熱抑制状態に比較して)空気層の熱抵抗は大きくなる。
【0009】
よって、蓄熱材からの放熱は、(放熱促進状態のときより)小さくなる。
以上のとおりの状態を切り替えることにより放熱制御が可能となる。
なお、低熱放射率の面体(14)は、図10に示した例では袋体(11)の上側外面に配置されているが、これ以外にも、床材(3)の裏面に配置されていてもよく、同様な放熱制御が可能となる。袋体(11)上側外面と床材(3)裏面の各々に面体(14)が配置されてると、面体(14)上下両面において空気層を直接構成しているため、空気層の熱抵抗はより大きなものとなり、放熱抑制の効果はより大きくなる。
【0010】
さらにまた、面体(14)は、袋体(11)の上側内面および下側内面のいずれか一方または両方に配設されていてもよく、この場合では、袋体(11)の外面に配置した場合とは放熱の促進と抑制の関係は逆になる。すなわち、蓄熱材(7)からの熱は、空気層の下側を構成する袋体(11)の樹脂等の高い熱放射率の材料の存在によって放熱が促進されるが、袋体(11)に空気を吹き込んで膨張させると、空気層の上側は低熱放射率の面体(14)により構成されるため熱抵抗が大きく、放熱は抑制されることになる。
【0011】
一方、袋体(11)としては、図11(a)(b)に例示したように、熱放射率の高い材質で構成された可撓性中仕切り(9)によって内部が上下二つの空間(10A)(10B)に区切られているものを用いることができ、これら二つの空間(10A)(10B)にダクト(12A)(12B)を介して送風するファン(13A)(13B)とを備えるようにする。
【0012】
この場合において、蓄熱材(7)からの放熱を促進する場合には、図11(a)に示したように、ファン(13A)をON、ファン(13B)をOFFにし、ダクト(12A)を通して空間(10A)に空気を送り込むことによって、袋体(11)の上側外面を床材(3)に密着させ、袋体(11)の下側外面を蓄熱材(7)に密着させる。この時、中仕切り(9)は下方に移動し、袋体(11)の下側内面に貼付した面体(14)に密着した状態となる。この状態では、空間(10A)が輻射熱を伝えるための空気層となるが、この空間(10A)は熱放射率の高い袋体(11)および中仕切り(9)によって形成されているため、空気層の熱抵抗は小さくなり、放熱が促進される。
【0013】
次に、放熱を抑制する場合には、図11(b)に示したように、ファン(13A)をOFF、ファン(13B)をONにし、空間(10B)に空気を送り込む。空間(10A)の空気はダクト(12A)を介して排出され、中仕切り(9)は上方に移動して、袋体(11)の上側に密着した状態となる。この状態では、面体(14)が空間(10B)に露出し、輻射熱をつたてる空気層である空間(10B)は、熱放射率の高い中仕切り(9)と熱放射率の低い面体(14)とによって形成されるため、空気層の熱抵抗は大きくなり、放熱が抑制されることとなる。
【0014】
このように、この放熱制御手段(81)を設けた蓄熱床暖房構造においては、室内に設置したスイッチによってファン(13A)(13B)の作動を操作することによって、蓄熱材(7)からの熱放出を制御することができる。
なお、この場合において、ファンを一つのみとし、その代わりに四方弁を利用して、ファンからの送風を四方弁の切り替えによりダクト(12A)(12B)に振り分けることや、面体(14)の配設位置に関しても中仕切り(9)の下側にも貼付するなど、さまざまな態様がある。
【0015】
また、袋体(11)内の空気を排出する時間を短くしながら、残された空気がほとんどないようにするために、袋体(11)の内部に突起部やスペーサー部材を設けておく態様もある。
以上のように、この出願の発明の発明者等は、放熱を自在に制御できるという優れた効果を有する蓄熱床暖房構造をすでに実現している。
【0016】
しかしながら、この蓄熱床暖房構造には、その実際の施工に関して改良すべき点が存在していた。
それというのも、その施工は、根太(4)間の蓄熱材(7)上に袋体(11)を載置した後、仕上げ材などの床材(3)を貼って行われるのであるが、袋体(11)は上述したように高い熱放射率を有する各種樹脂、プラスチックのシートやフィルムからなることが必要とされており、これらの素材は一般に傷付き易く、床材(3)を施工する際にその角等に引っ掛かって袋体(11)が傷付き、破れてしまう危険があった。袋体(11)は根太(4)間に納まるように作られはするが、軽いので浮き上がり易く、根太(4)に乗り上がってしまい、施工者が踏みつけて傷付ける危険もある。このため、施工を至極慎重に行わなければならず、施工の迅速化などを妨げる一要因となっていた。
【0017】
また、蓄熱材(7)と床材(3)との間には袋体(11)の厚さ分のスペースを設けておく必要があり、このスペース確保のために床材(3)を支持する根太(4)の高さ寸法を通常の寸法よりも大きくしておかなければならない。
具体的には、たとえば、袋体(11)の厚みは10mm程度膨らむことが望ましいが、実際には蓄熱材(7)も熱膨張するため、その膨張分が5mm程度であるとすると、袋体(11)の総厚は15mm程度必要となる。したがって、合板(2)上の各構成は、
ヒータ(6)=厚さ10mm、
蓄熱材(7)=厚さ28mm、
袋体(11)=厚さ15mm
となるので、根太(4)の高さは53mm必要となる。一般に用いられる規格材である根太(4)の高さは45mmであるため、根太(4)としては、高さ45mmの規格材ではなく、高さ53mmの特殊なものを用いなければならず、コストアップの要因となり、また、他の床面にも高さ53mmの特殊根太を用いるか、段差が生じないように床上げ処理を施す必要があり、施工性や経済性の面で改良の必要があった。
【0018】
この出願の発明は、以上の通りの事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、従来の蓄熱床暖房構造の問題点を解消し、施工時の袋体損傷発生の抑制、また通常規格材の根太による施工を実現して、施工性、信頼性、経済性を向上することのできる、新しい蓄熱床暖房構造を提供することを目的としている。
【0019】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この出願の発明は、上記の課題を解決するものとして、根太間に設けられた蓄熱材とその上方に配置された床材との間に形成された空気層中に、熱放射率の高い物質からなる膨張収縮自在な袋体とこの袋体内への送風手段、並びに熱放射率の低い面体とが備えられてなる蓄熱床暖房構造において、袋体は、面材下面の左右両端部に設けられた載置部間に納めて固着して面材と一体化されており、一対の根太各々に面材下面の各載置部が載せられて根太間に袋体が納められるようになっていることを特徴とする蓄熱床暖房構造を提供する。
【0020】
また、この出願の発明は、上記の蓄熱床暖房構造において、面材下面の載置部間に、袋体を納めて固着する凹部が形成されていることや、面材下面の各載置部に足部が備えられて足部間で凹部が形成されていることや、面材下面の載置部間に、面材を彫り込み加工して凹部が形成されていることや、面材下面の根太間に対応した位置に一対の突部が備えられており、突部間に袋体が納められていることや、面材上面に、その下面の載置部に対応した位置に固定位置表示が施されていることや、固定位置表示が帯状に施されていることや、面材が合板であり、且つ少なくとも載置部が位置する部分の厚さが9mm以上であること等もその態様として提供する。
【0021】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、添付した図面に沿って実施例を示し、この発明の実施の形態についてさらに詳しく説明する。
【0022】
【実施例】
図1は、この発明の一実施例である蓄熱床暖房構造を例示した断面図である。たとえばこの図1に例示したように、この発明の蓄熱床暖房構造では、袋体(11)は、面材(15)下面の左右両端部に設けられた載置部(16)間に納めて固着して面材(15)と一体化されており、一対の根太(4)各々に面材(15)下面の各載置部(16)が載せられて根太(4)間に袋体(11)が納められるようになっている。
【0023】
このように袋体(11)が面材(15)下面に固着して一体とされているので、仕上げ材などの床材(3)は面材(15)の上に配設させればよく、従来の構造のように床材(3)が袋体(11)に接触することがなくなり、床材(3)施工時における袋体(11)の損傷発生を防止できる。また、袋体(11)が面材(15)下面の載置部(16)間に納めて固着されているので、載置部(16)を根太(4)上に載せるだけで、袋体(11)は、根太(4)上に浮き上がることなく根太(4)間に納まるようになり、面材(15)下面に位置していることも相乗的に作用して、施工者が踏んで傷付けてしまうような危険性も抑制される。したがって、この発明の蓄熱床暖房構造によって、袋体(11)の損傷が抑制され、且つ容易に施工ができるようになる。
【0024】
面材(15)下面への袋体(11)の固着は、接着剤や両面テープなどの貼着手段を用いて行うことができる。または、たとえば図2に示したように、袋体(11)のヒレ部(17)を外方に(載置部(16)側に)出し、そのヒレ部(17)を面材(15)下面にステープル止めすることにより、袋体(11)を面材(15)下面に固着させておくこともできる。この場合では、ステープルを外せば袋体(11)を面材(15)から外すことができるので、袋体(11)のメンテナンスや取替えも容易なものとなる。
【0025】
ところで、このような袋体(11)の面材(15)への一体化は、根太(4)の高さに対する解決策とはなり得ていない。
そこで、この発明の蓄熱床暖房構造ではさらに、面材(15)下面の載置部(16)間に凹部(18)を設け、この凹部(18)に袋体(11)を納めて固着させておくことで、前述したような特殊な高さの根太(4)を用いることなく、一般に用いられる規格材での施工を実現した。
【0026】
すなわち、凹部(18)内に袋体(11)をある程度納めておくことにより、袋体(11)の膨張分および蓄熱材(7)の膨張分を考慮して根太(4)が必要であるとされていた高さ分を面材(15)の凹部(18)が補うこととなり、通常高さの規格材である根太(4)により施工対応できるようになる。
この凹部(18)は、たとえば図3に例示したように、面材(15)下面の各載置部(16)に下方に突出した足部(19)を設けて、これら足部(19)間に形成された空間とすることができる。足部(19)としては、面材(15)の長手方向に沿っての長尺体であっても、任意箇所に配設された複数の短尺体であってもよく、たとえば根太(4)の幅の半分程度の幅を有する小幅板などを用いることができる。
【0027】
足部(19)の厚さに関しては任意であるが、一例として前述したように合板(2)上の各構成を、
ヒータ(6)=厚さ10mm、
蓄熱材(7)=厚さ28mm
袋体(11)=厚さ15mm
とした場合において、根太(4)として高さ45mmの規格材を用いると、根太(4)の高さ45mmよりもさらに8mm程度高い空間が必要となるので、この空間を確保するために足部(19)の厚さも8mm程度とする。これにより、高さ45mmの規格材である根太(4)を用いた施工を実現して、コストダウンを図ることができる。
【0028】
このように各載置部(16)に足部(19)を配設して凹部(18)が形成されているだけでなく、たとえば図4に示したように、面材(15)下面の載置部(16)間が彫り込み加工されて凹部(18)が形成されていてもよい。この場合では、たとえば面材(15)として12mm厚のコンクリート型枠合板のような市場に安価で流通している材料を使えば、一層のコストダウンが可能となる。凹部(18)の隅部分をアール加工しておけば、力が分散するので、上述の足部(19)を配設した場合よりも強度的に有利となる。
【0029】
もちろん、袋体(11)は凹部(18)にある程度納まるようになるので、面材(15)下面の載置部(16)にはみ出にくくなり、施工時の袋体(11)の損傷をさらに抑制することができる。
以上のように面材(15)下面に設けられた凹部(18)によって、コストダウン化を実現して経済性を向上し、さらに施工信頼性の向上をも達成できるようになる。
【0030】
上述したこの発明の蓄熱床暖房構造では、施工性、信頼性、経済性が従来よりも向上されているが、さらに優れた施工性、信頼性等を実現するために、この発明では、たとえば図5に示したような態様とすることが望ましい。
すなわち、図5に例示したように、面材(15)下面において、根太(4)間に対応した位置、つまり一対の根太(4)それぞれの互いに対向する面間に対応した位置に一対の突部(20)が備えられ、これら突部(20)間に袋体(11)が納められている。つまり、袋体(11)は、突部(20)の内側端面よりも内方に納まるようにして面材(15)下面に固着されている。
【0031】
このような構造により、袋体(11)と面材(15)とが一体化されたものを、袋体(11)を下にして置く際や立てかけるなどの際に、袋体(11)が、引きずられたり、釘や木材破片などの突起物にぶつかったり、こすれたり、別の建材等の角に当たったりして傷付いてしまうことを面材(15)で防ぐことができる。
【0032】
また、突部(20)は根太(4)間に対応した位置に配設されているので、面材(15)の位置決めが容易となり、位置ずれも防止できる。つまり、突部(20)が根太(4)間に納まるように面材(15)下面の載置部(16)を根太(4)に載せるだけで、袋体(11)は、根太(4)に挟まってしまうこともなく、根太(4)間に納まるようになる。
【0033】
このような突部(20)は、木、樹脂、金属等で、安価な材質のものが望ましい。その形状は、上述した効果が得られる限り、枠状、板状、柱状などのように様々な形状とすることができ、特に限定されるものではない。図5に示した例では、柱状の突部(20)となっている。
また、図6に例示したように、突部(20)は、前述した面材(15)下面の各載置部(16)に足部(19)が備えられて凹部(18)が形成されている場合においても、配設させておくことができる。この場合、突部(20)は、足部(19)に固着させればよいので、面材(15)下面に固定しやすい。もちろん、図7に例示したように、前述した載置部(16)間の面材(15)が掘り込み加工されて凹部(18)が形成されている場合においても、面材(15)下面に配設させておくことができる。図6および図7の例においては、突部(20)は薄板状のものが用いられている。
【0034】
ところで、この発明では、袋体(11)が一体化されている面材(15)は、木材製ならば一般に釘やネジ等で根太(4)に固定されるが、その際釘やネジの打ちミスにより袋体(11)に穴が開いてしまうことが発生する恐れもある。そこで、面材(15)の上面に、その下面の載置部(16)に対応した位置に固定位置表示を施しておくことが好ましい。つまり、この固定位置表示(21)は、面材(15)下面の載置部(16)が根太(4)に載せられると、必然的に根太(4)上面の位置と同じ位置となるため、釘やネジ等が打ちこみ可能な部位を表示することになり、打ちミスを防止することができる。
【0035】
この固定位置表示(21)は、たとえば印刷、テープ貼りなどとすることができ、また、あらかじめ釘やネジ等を貫通させるための穴が形成されていることが好ましい。さらには、面材(15)の長手方向に沿っての帯状となっていてもよい。このような帯状とすることにより、固定位置表示(21)は、根太(4)位置に対応した帯状のものとなり、そのまま根太(4)位置の墨出し線の役割を果たして、床仕上げ材等の床材(3)の施工時に新たな墨出しが不要となり、施工手順を省くことができる。
【0036】
なお、以上のこの発明の蓄熱床暖房構造において、袋体(11)が一体とされる面材(15)は、合板、樹脂板、金属板などとすることができ、厚みは任意であるが、たとえば合板を用いた場合で、根太(4)間のピッチが303mmであるとすると、厚さは9mm以上であることが施工時の強度確保のために好ましく、床下地としての機能を実現することができる。
【0037】
根太(4)間のピッチが303mである場合に面材(15)が合板で、且つ厚さ9mmであれば、施工時に踏み抜く危険のないことが経験的に知られているので、足場として利用することができる。脚立を立てることが可能であることも実験的に確かめているので、床仕上げ材などの床材(3)の施工前に天井施工が可能となり、工程管理がしやすくなるといった利点がある。また、厚さ9mm以上あれば、目隙、段差、床鳴り等の解消に寄与し、歩行感をも向上させて、床としての基本機能の向上を図ることができる。
【0038】
なお、面材(15)全体が9mm以上でなくても、少なくとも載置部(16)が位置する部分、つまり根太(4)上に載る部分の厚さが9mm以上であれば、強度を確保することができる。
面材(15)の厚さの上限は特に限定されるものではないが、熱抵抗、面材コスト、他室や床暖房を用いない他の床部分との段差などを考慮し、材質にもよるがたとえば実用上15mm程度までが有用な厚さとすることができる。もちろん、段差に関しては故意に床仕上げ高さを上げて段差吸収を行うことはできる。
【0039】
この発明は以上の例に限定されるものではなく、細部については様々な態様が可能であることは言うまでもない。
【0040】
【発明の効果】
以上詳しく説明した通り、この発明によって、簡略化、コストダウン化による施工性の向上、並びに施工信頼性の向上が実現された、新しい蓄熱床暖房構造が提供される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明の一実施例である蓄熱床暖房構造を例示した断面図である。
【図2】袋体および面材の一体化を例示した断面図である。
【図3】面材下面に足体が備えられた場合におけるこの発明の蓄熱床暖房構造を例示した断面図である。
【図4】面材下面が彫り込み加工された場合におけるこの発明の蓄熱床暖房構造を例示した断面図である。
【図5】面材下面に突部が配設された場合におけるこの発明の蓄熱床暖房構造を例示した断面図である。
【図6】突部および足体が配設された場合におけるこの発明の蓄熱床暖房構造を例示した断面図である。
【図7】突部および彫り込み加工が施された場合におけるこの発明の蓄熱床暖房構造を例示した断面図である。
【図8】この発明の蓄熱床暖房構造における面材上に施された固定位置表示の一例を示した斜視図である。
【図9】従来の蓄熱床暖房構造を例示した断面図である。
【図10】この出願の発明の発明者等がなした従来の蓄熱床暖房構造を例示した断面図である。
【図11】(a)(b)は、図10の蓄熱床暖房構造における放熱制御手段の別の一例を示した断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 断熱材
2 合板
3 床材
4 根太
5 空気層
6 ヒータ
7 蓄熱材
8、81 放熱制御手段
9 中仕切り
10、10A、10B 空間
11 袋体
12、12A、12B ダクト
13、13A、13B ファン
14 面体
15 面材
16 載置部
17 ヒレ部
18 凹部
19 足部
20 突部
21 固定位置表示
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The invention of this application relates to a heat storage floor heating structure. More specifically, the present invention provides a new thermal storage floor that can suppress damage to the bag during construction, and can improve construction, reliability, and economic efficiency by using ordinary standard materials as joists. It relates to a heating structure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a heating device for a house or the like, a floor heating structure provided with a heater driven by electricity or gas below a floor surface is known. Further, there is known a heat storage floor heating structure which is excellent in economical efficiency, in which the heat of a heater is stored in a heat storage material and the operation time of the heater can be reduced by gradually releasing the heat storage. In particular, in the case of the electric drive heater, there is an advantage that the heat storage material is heated by inexpensive midnight power of the electric charge, and the heat storage can be used in the daytime.
[0003]
In this heat storage floor heating structure, as illustrated in a cross-sectional view in FIG. 9, for example, a joist (4) is interposed between a plywood (2) on a heat insulating material (1) and a floor material (3) to form an air layer. (5) is provided, and a heater (6) and a heat storage material (7) are arranged in the air layer (5). The heat of the heater (6) is stored in the heat storage material (7), and the heat released from the heat storage material (7) heats the floor material (3) as radiant heat via the air layer (5). ing.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of the conventional heat storage floor heating structure as illustrated in FIG. 9, the heat release from the heat storage material (7) cannot be controlled, and therefore, for 24 hours, for example, when going out or when going to bed when nobody is in the room. For example, since a certain amount of heat is continuously released even when heating is not necessary, there has been a problem that running costs are increased. For this reason, it is necessary to always operate the heater (6) at regular intervals in case of necessity, which is problematic in terms of economy and energy saving. Further, when heating is not required due to an increase in outside temperature, for example, when the outside temperature is relatively high even when heating is required, for example, in autumn or early spring, or during the daytime when the temperature becomes high even within one day, the heat storage material (7) may be used. ), There is also a disadvantage that the room temperature becomes too high because the heat radiation from) cannot be controlled.
[0005]
Therefore, for example, an airbag or the like is provided below the heater (6), and the heater (6) and the heat storage material (7) are moved up and down by adjusting the amount of air supplied into the airbag. A structure has been proposed in which the amount of heat release is controlled by changing the thickness of the air layer (5) (JP-A-4-194518). However, although the thermal conductivity of the air layer changes depending on the thickness of the air layer, the amount of the change is extremely small. Therefore, in the case of this conventional structure, an effect sufficient to solve the above-described problem is obtained. There is no actual situation.
[0006]
Therefore, the inventors of the present invention based on the knowledge of the thermal resistance and heat radiation (heat conductivity) of the closed air layer in order to enable the heat release from the heat storage material to be freely controlled in the heat storage floor heating. We have already developed a heat storage floor heating structure that realizes a structure in which a low heat radiation material is placed in a closed air layer to suppress heat radiation.
In the heat storage floor heating structure, for example, as illustrated in FIG. 10, a heat release amount control device (8) is provided in an air space (5) formed between the heat storage material (7) and the floor material (3). A bag (11) made of a substance having a high thermal emissivity (for example, a sheet or film of various resins and plastics) and capable of expanding and contracting, and a heat source such as an aluminum foil or a copper foil disposed on the upper surface of the bag (11). A face body (14) having a low emissivity is provided, and a fan (13) connected to, for example, a duct (12) is arranged in the bag body (11) as a blowing means to blow air into the bag body (11). To be pumped out and exhausted.
[0007]
The heat dissipation promotion state and the heat dissipation suppression state related to the heat dissipation control performed in the heat storage floor heating structure having such a configuration will be described.
(Heat dissipation promotion state)
When the fan (13) is operated, air is blown into the space (10) in the bag (11) through the air duct (12), the pressure in the bag (11) increases, and the bag (11) expands. Then, it comes into close contact with the back surface of the flooring (3) above the bag (11). In this state, the air layer formed inside the bag body (11) is formed of a material having a high emissivity on both the upper surface and the lower surface of the air layer. Become smaller.
[0008]
Therefore, the heat radiation from the heat storage material (7) is larger (than in the heat radiation suppression state).
(Heat dissipation suppression state)
When the fan (13) is stopped, the bag (11) collapses due to the weight of the bag (11). In this state, since the air layer formed between the back surface of the flooring (3) and the face body (14) is formed of the face body (14) made of a material having a low emissivity on the lower surface of the air layer, the (radiation suppression state) The thermal resistance of the air layer increases.
[0009]
Therefore, the heat radiation from the heat storage material becomes smaller (as compared with the case where the heat storage is promoted).
By switching the states as described above, heat radiation control becomes possible.
In addition, in the example shown in FIG. 10, the low heat emissivity face member (14) is arranged on the upper outer surface of the bag body (11), but is also arranged on the back surface of the floor material (3). And the same heat dissipation control is possible. When the face body (14) is arranged on each of the upper outer surface of the bag body (11) and the back surface of the flooring (3), the air layer is directly formed on the upper and lower surfaces of the face body (14). It becomes larger, and the effect of suppressing heat radiation becomes larger.
[0010]
Furthermore, the face body (14) may be disposed on one or both of the upper inner surface and the lower inner surface of the bag body (11). In this case, the face body (14) is disposed on the outer surface of the bag body (11). The relationship between promotion and suppression of heat dissipation is opposite to that in the case. That is, the heat from the heat storage material (7) is promoted by the presence of a material having a high thermal emissivity such as a resin of the bag (11) constituting the lower side of the air layer. When air is blown into the air layer to expand it, the upper side of the air layer is constituted by the low heat emissivity facet (14), so that the thermal resistance is large and the heat radiation is suppressed.
[0011]
On the other hand, as illustrated in FIGS. 11A and 11B, the bag (11) has two upper and lower spaces by a flexible partition (9) made of a material having a high thermal emissivity. 10A) and (10B) can be used. The two spaces (10A) and (10B) are provided with fans (13A) and (13B) for blowing air through ducts (12A) and (12B). To do.
[0012]
In this case, in order to promote the heat radiation from the heat storage material (7), as shown in FIG. 11A, the fan (13A) is turned on, the fan (13B) is turned off, and the heat is passed through the duct (12A). By sending air into the space (10A), the upper outer surface of the bag (11) is brought into close contact with the floor material (3), and the lower outer surface of the bag (11) is brought into close contact with the heat storage material (7). At this time, the middle partition (9) moves downward and comes into close contact with the face body (14) attached to the lower inner surface of the bag body (11). In this state, the space (10A) becomes an air layer for transmitting radiant heat. Since the space (10A) is formed by the bag (11) and the partition (9) having a high heat emissivity, the air (10A) The thermal resistance of the layer is reduced and heat dissipation is promoted.
[0013]
Next, when heat radiation is suppressed, as shown in FIG. 11B, the fan (13A) is turned off, the fan (13B) is turned on, and air is sent into the space (10B). The air in the space (10A) is exhausted through the duct (12A), and the partition (9) moves upward and comes into close contact with the upper side of the bag (11). In this state, the face (14) is exposed to the space (10B), and the space (10B), which is an air layer for applying radiant heat, includes the partition (9) having a high heat emissivity and the face (14) having a low heat emissivity. ), The thermal resistance of the air layer increases, and the heat radiation is suppressed.
[0014]
As described above, in the heat storage floor heating structure provided with the heat radiation control means (81), the operation of the fans (13A) and (13B) is operated by the switches installed in the room, so that the heat from the heat storage material (7) is obtained. Release can be controlled.
In this case, only one fan is used, and instead, a four-way valve is used to distribute air from the fan to the ducts (12A) and (12B) by switching the four-way valve. Regarding the disposition position, there are various modes such as sticking below the middle partition (9).
[0015]
In addition, in order to reduce the time for discharging the air in the bag (11) and to reduce the remaining air, there is provided a projection or a spacer member inside the bag (11). There is also.
As described above, the inventors of the present invention have already realized a heat storage floor heating structure having an excellent effect that heat radiation can be freely controlled.
[0016]
However, this heat storage floor heating structure has a point to be improved with respect to its actual construction.
This is because the construction is carried out by placing the bag body (11) on the heat storage material (7) between the joists (4) and pasting the floor material (3) such as a finishing material. The bag (11) is required to be made of a sheet or a film of various resins and plastics having a high thermal emissivity as described above, and these materials are generally easily damaged, and the floor material (3) is hardly damaged. At the time of construction, there was a risk that the bag body (11) might be scratched by being caught by the corner or the like, and might be broken. Although the bag body (11) is made to fit between the joists (4), it is light and easily lifted up, and gets on the joists (4), and there is a danger that the installer will step on and hurt. For this reason, construction must be performed extremely carefully, which has been a factor that hinders speeding up the construction.
[0017]
Further, a space corresponding to the thickness of the bag body (11) must be provided between the heat storage material (7) and the floor material (3), and the floor material (3) is supported to secure this space. The height of the joist (4) to be removed must be larger than the normal size.
Specifically, for example, it is desirable that the thickness of the bag body (11) expands by about 10 mm. However, since the heat storage material (7) actually expands thermally, if the expansion amount is about 5 mm, The total thickness of (11) needs to be about 15 mm. Therefore, each configuration on the plywood (2)
Heater (6) = thickness 10 mm,
Heat storage material (7) = thickness 28 mm,
Bag (11) = thickness 15mm
Therefore, the height of the joist (4) is required to be 53 mm. Since the height of the joist (4), which is a standard material generally used, is 45 mm, a special material having a height of 53 mm must be used as the joist (4) instead of the standard material having a height of 45 mm. It also causes cost increase, and it is necessary to use special joists with a height of 53 mm on other floor surfaces or to perform floor raising treatment so that there is no step, and it is necessary to improve construction and economic efficiency. there were.
[0018]
The invention of this application has been made in view of the above circumstances, solves the problems of the conventional heat storage floor heating structure, suppresses the occurrence of damage to the bag during construction, and is based on the standard joist of standard materials. It is an object of the present invention to provide a new heat storage floor heating structure capable of realizing construction and improving workability, reliability, and economy.
[0019]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention of this application solves the above-mentioned problem by providing a substance having a high thermal emissivity in an air layer formed between a heat storage material provided between joists and a floor material disposed thereabove. In a heat storage floor heating structure comprising an inflatable and deflateable bag made of and a means for blowing air into the bag, and a face having a low thermal emissivity, the bag is provided at both left and right ends of the lower surface of the face material. Are placed and fixed between the mounting portions, and are integrated with the surface material. Each of the mounting portions on the lower surface of the surface material is placed on each of the pair of joists, and the bag body is stored between the joists. A heat storage floor heating structure is provided.
[0020]
Further, the invention of this application is characterized in that in the above-described heat storage floor heating structure, a concave portion for accommodating and fixing the bag is formed between the mounting portions on the lower surface of the surface material, and each mounting portion on the lower surface of the surface material. That a recess is formed between the feet, and that the recess is formed by engraving the face material between the mounting portions on the lower face of the face material; A pair of protrusions are provided at positions corresponding to the joists, and a bag is placed between the protrusions, and a fixed position is displayed on the upper surface of the face material, at a position corresponding to the mounting part on the lower surface , The fixed position indication is provided in a strip shape, the face material is plywood, and the thickness of at least the portion where the mounting portion is located is 9 mm or more. Provide as.
[0021]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail.
[0022]
【Example】
FIG. 1 is a sectional view illustrating a heat storage floor heating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. For example, as illustrated in FIG. 1, in the heat storage floor heating structure of the present invention, the bag (11) is placed between the mounting portions (16) provided at the left and right ends of the lower surface of the face material (15). Each mounting portion (16) on the lower surface of the face material (15) is placed on each of the pair of joists (4) so as to be fixed and integrated with the face material (15). 11) is to be stored.
[0023]
As described above, since the bag body (11) is fixed to the lower surface of the face material (15) to be integrated, the floor material (3) such as a finishing material may be disposed on the face material (15). In addition, unlike the conventional structure, the floor material (3) does not come into contact with the bag body (11), and damage to the bag body (11) when the floor material (3) is constructed can be prevented. Further, since the bag body (11) is fixedly accommodated between the placement portions (16) on the lower surface of the face material (15), the placement of the placement portion (16) on the joist (4) is sufficient. (11) can be accommodated between the joists (4) without being lifted on the joists (4), and the fact that they are located on the lower surface of the face material (15) also acts synergistically, and The risk of damage is also reduced. Therefore, according to the heat storage floor heating structure of the present invention, damage to the bag body (11) is suppressed, and construction can be easily performed.
[0024]
The fixing of the bag body (11) to the lower surface of the face material (15) can be performed using an attaching means such as an adhesive or a double-sided tape. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 2, for example, the fin portion (17) of the bag body (11) is protruded outward (to the mounting portion (16) side), and the fin portion (17) is attached to the face material (15). By stapling the lower surface, the bag body (11) can be fixed to the lower surface of the face material (15). In this case, if the staples are removed, the bag body (11) can be removed from the face material (15), so that maintenance and replacement of the bag body (11) become easy.
[0025]
Incidentally, such integration of the bag body (11) into the face material (15) cannot be a solution to the height of the joist (4).
Therefore, in the heat storage floor heating structure of the present invention, a concave portion (18) is further provided between the mounting portions (16) on the lower surface of the face material (15), and the bag body (11) is inserted and fixed in the concave portion (18). By doing so, construction using standard materials generally used was realized without using the joist (4) having a special height as described above.
[0026]
That is, by storing the bag body (11) to some extent in the recess (18), the joist (4) is required in consideration of the expansion amount of the bag body (11) and the expansion amount of the heat storage material (7). The recesses (18) of the face material (15) make up for the height, which has been set as above, and the joist (4), which is a standard material of normal height, can be used for construction.
For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the recesses (18) are provided with feet (19) projecting downward on each of the mounting portions (16) on the lower surface of the face material (15), and these feet (19) are provided. It can be a space formed between them. The foot part (19) may be a long body along the longitudinal direction of the face material (15), or may be a plurality of short bodies arranged at arbitrary locations, for example, a joist (4) Can be used, for example, a small width plate having a width of about half of the width of.
[0027]
Although the thickness of the foot portion (19) is arbitrary, as described above, each configuration on the plywood (2) is
Heater (6) = thickness 10 mm,
Heat storage material (7) = thickness 28mm
Bag (11) = thickness 15mm
When a standard material having a height of 45 mm is used as the joist (4), a space that is about 8 mm higher than the height of the joist (4) is required to be approximately 8 mm. The thickness of (19) is also about 8 mm. Thereby, construction using the joist (4) which is a standard material having a height of 45 mm can be realized, and cost can be reduced.
[0028]
As described above, not only the recesses (18) are formed by disposing the feet (19) on each mounting portion (16), but also, for example, as shown in FIG. The recesses (18) may be formed by engraving between the mounting portions (16). In this case, if the face material (15) is made of a material that is inexpensively distributed in the market such as a 12 mm thick concrete form plywood, the cost can be further reduced. If the corner portion of the concave portion (18) is rounded, the force is dispersed, which is more advantageous in strength than the case where the foot portion (19) is provided.
[0029]
Of course, since the bag body (11) will fit into the recess (18) to some extent, it will be difficult for the bag body (11) to protrude into the mounting portion (16) on the lower surface of the face material (15), further damaging the bag body (11) during construction. Can be suppressed.
As described above, the concave portion (18) provided on the lower surface of the face material (15) can realize cost reduction, improve economic efficiency, and further improve construction reliability.
[0030]
In the above-described heat storage floor heating structure of the present invention, the workability, reliability, and economic efficiency are improved as compared with the related art, but in order to realize more excellent workability, reliability, and the like, in the present invention, for example, FIG. It is desirable to adopt an embodiment as shown in FIG.
That is, as illustrated in FIG. 5, on the lower surface of the face material (15), a pair of protrusions is located at a position corresponding to the space between the joists (4), that is, a position corresponding to the space between the opposing surfaces of the pair of joists (4). A part (20) is provided, and a bag (11) is placed between the protrusions (20). That is, the bag body (11) is fixed to the lower surface of the face material (15) so as to fit inside the inner end face of the projection (20).
[0031]
With such a structure, when the bag (11) and the face material (15) are integrated, when the bag (11) is placed down or leaned, the bag (11) is formed. The surface material (15) can prevent the surface material (15) from being dragged, hitting a projection such as a nail or a piece of wood, rubbing, or hitting a corner of another building material or the like and being damaged.
[0032]
Further, since the protrusions (20) are arranged at positions corresponding to the positions between the joists (4), the positioning of the face material (15) is facilitated, and displacement can be prevented. In other words, simply placing the mounting portion (16) on the lower surface of the face material (15) on the joist (4) so that the protrusion (20) fits between the joists (4), the bag body (11) can ) And will fit between joists (4).
[0033]
Such protrusions (20) are desirably made of wood, resin, metal, or the like, and made of inexpensive material. The shape can be various shapes such as a frame shape, a plate shape, a column shape, and the like as long as the above-described effects can be obtained, and is not particularly limited. In the example shown in FIG. 5, it is a columnar protrusion (20).
As illustrated in FIG. 6, the protrusion (20) has a foot (19) on each of the mounting portions (16) on the lower surface of the above-mentioned face material (15), and a recess (18) is formed. Even if it is, it can be arranged. In this case, since the protrusion (20) may be fixed to the foot (19), the protrusion (20) is easily fixed to the lower surface of the face material (15). Of course, as illustrated in FIG. 7, even when the face material (15) between the mounting portions (16) is dug to form the recess (18), the lower face of the face material (15) is formed. Can be arranged. In the examples of FIGS. 6 and 7, the projection (20) has a thin plate shape.
[0034]
By the way, in the present invention, the face material (15) in which the bag body (11) is integrated is generally fixed to the joist (4) with nails or screws if made of wood. There is a possibility that a hole may be opened in the bag body (11) due to a hitting error. Therefore, it is preferable to display a fixed position on the upper surface of the face material (15) at a position corresponding to the mounting portion (16) on the lower surface. That is, when the mounting portion (16) on the lower surface of the surface material (15) is placed on the joist (4), the fixed position display (21) is necessarily at the same position as the upper surface of the joist (4). In this case, a portion where a nail, a screw, or the like can be driven is displayed, so that a driving mistake can be prevented.
[0035]
This fixed position display (21) can be, for example, printed, tape-attached, or the like, and it is preferable that a hole for previously passing a nail or a screw is formed. Furthermore, it may be a strip along the longitudinal direction of the face material (15). With such a band shape, the fixed position display (21) becomes a band shape corresponding to the joist (4) position, and plays the role of a mark-out line at the joist (4) position as it is, such as a floor finishing material. When the floor material (3) is constructed, new blackout is not required, and the construction procedure can be omitted.
[0036]
In the heat storage floor heating structure of the present invention described above, the face material (15) with which the bag body (11) is integrated can be a plywood, a resin plate, a metal plate, or the like, and the thickness is arbitrary. For example, when plywood is used and the pitch between joists (4) is 303 mm, the thickness is preferably 9 mm or more to secure strength at the time of construction and realizes a function as a floor substrate. be able to.
[0037]
If the pitch between the joists (4) is 303 m and the face material (15) is plywood and 9 mm thick, it is empirically known that there is no danger of stepping out at the time of construction. Can be used. Since it has been experimentally confirmed that a stepladder can be made, there is an advantage that ceiling construction can be performed before construction of a floor material (3) such as a floor finishing material, and process management can be easily performed. Further, when the thickness is 9 mm or more, it contributes to the elimination of the gap, the step, the floor noise, and the like, the walking feeling is also improved, and the basic function as the floor can be improved.
[0038]
Even if the entire surface material (15) is not 9 mm or more, if the thickness of at least the portion where the mounting portion (16) is located, that is, the portion placed on the joist (4) is 9 mm or more, the strength is secured. can do.
Although the upper limit of the thickness of the face material (15) is not particularly limited, the material is also taken into consideration in consideration of thermal resistance, face material cost, steps with other rooms or other floor portions not using floor heating, and the like. However, for example, a practically useful thickness up to about 15 mm can be used. Of course, it is possible to intentionally raise the floor finish height to absorb the step.
[0039]
The present invention is not limited to the above examples, and it goes without saying that various aspects can be provided in detail.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, a new heat storage floor heating structure is provided, in which the simplification, the reduction in cost, and the improvement of the workability and the improvement of the work reliability are realized.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a heat storage floor heating structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the integration of the bag and the face material.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a heat storage floor heating structure of the present invention when a foot is provided on the lower surface of the face material.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the heat storage floor heating structure of the present invention when the lower surface of the face material is engraved.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a heat storage floor heating structure of the present invention when a projection is provided on the lower surface of the face material.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the heat storage floor heating structure of the present invention when the protrusions and the feet are provided.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a heat storage floor heating structure according to the present invention in a case where a protrusion and a carving process are performed.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an example of a fixed position display provided on a face material in the heat storage floor heating structure of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a conventional heat storage floor heating structure.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a conventional heat storage floor heating structure made by the inventors of the present invention.
FIGS. 11A and 11B are cross-sectional views showing another example of the heat radiation control means in the heat storage floor heating structure of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Insulation material 2 Plywood 3 Floor material 4 Joist 5 Air layer 6 Heater 7 Heat storage material 8, 81 Radiation control means 9 Partition 10, 10A, 10B Space 11 Bag body 12, 12A, 12B Duct 13, 13A, 13B Fan 14 Face 15 Surface material 16 Placement part 17 Fin part 18 Concave part 19 Foot part 20 Protrusion part 21 Fixed position display

Claims (8)

根太間に設けられた蓄熱材とその上方に配置された床材との間に形成された空気層中に、熱放射率の高い物質からなる膨張収縮自在な袋体とこの袋体内への送風手段、並びに熱放射率の低い面体とが備えられてなる蓄熱床暖房構造において、袋体は、面材下面の左右両端部に設けられた載置部間に納めて固着して面材と一体化されており、一対の根太各々に面材下面の各載置部が載せられて根太間に袋体が納められるようになっていることを特徴とする蓄熱床暖房構造。An inflatable and deflateable bag made of a substance having a high heat emissivity and air blown into the bag inside an air layer formed between the heat storage material provided between the joists and the floor material disposed above the joist. Means, and a heat storage floor heating structure provided with a surface body having a low heat emissivity. A heat storage floor heating structure, characterized in that each mounting portion on the lower surface of a face material is placed on each of a pair of joists, and a bag is placed between the joists. 面材下面の載置部間に、袋体を納めて固着する凹部が形成されている請求項1の蓄熱床暖房構造。The heat storage floor heating structure according to claim 1, wherein a concave portion for receiving and fixing the bag is formed between the mounting portions on the lower surface of the face material. 面材下面の各載置部に足部が備えられて足部間で凹部が形成されている請求項2の蓄熱床暖房構造。The heat storage floor heating structure according to claim 2, wherein a foot portion is provided on each of the mounting portions on the lower surface of the face material, and a concave portion is formed between the foot portions. 面材下面の載置部間に、面材を彫り込み加工して凹部が形成されている請求項2の蓄熱床暖房構造。The heat storage floor heating structure according to claim 2, wherein a concave portion is formed by engraving the surface material between the mounting portions on the lower surface of the surface material. 面材下面の根太間に対応した位置に一対の突部が備えられており、突部間に袋体が納められている請求項1ないし4のいずれかの蓄熱床暖房構造。The heat storage floor heating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a pair of protrusions are provided at positions corresponding to the joists on the lower surface of the face material, and a bag is placed between the protrusions. 面材上面に、その下面の載置部に対応した位置に固定位置表示が施されている請求項1ないし5のいずれかの蓄熱床暖房構造。The heat storage floor heating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a fixed position display is provided on the upper surface of the face material at a position corresponding to the mounting portion on the lower surface. 固定位置表示が帯状に施されている請求項6の蓄熱床暖房構造。7. The heat storage floor heating structure according to claim 6, wherein the fixed position display is provided in a strip shape. 面材が合板であり、且つ少なくとも載置部が位置する部分の厚さが9mm以上である請求項1ないし7のいずれかの蓄熱床暖房構造。The heat storage floor heating structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the face material is plywood, and at least a portion where the mounting portion is located has a thickness of 9 mm or more.
JP30356798A 1998-10-26 1998-10-26 Heat storage floor heating structure Expired - Fee Related JP3552555B2 (en)

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WO2003075289A1 (en) * 2002-03-04 2003-09-12 Nippon Tungsten Co., Ltd. Floor panel and floor structure utilizing the floor panel

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