JP3547857B2

JP3547857B2 - Emergency evacuation box

Info

Publication number: JP3547857B2
Application number: JP15289295A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 美智磨石井
Original assignee: 石井木材株式会社
Priority date: 1995-06-20
Filing date: 1995-06-20
Publication date: 2004-07-28
Anticipated expiration: 2019-07-28
Also published as: JPH094272A

Description

【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】
本発明は緊急避難箱に関し、特に大震災発生時に家屋倒壊前に迅速に避難するために利用するために室内に設置される箱である。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
築年数が相当経過している木造家屋の場合、耐震設備が充実していないことが多く関東大震災や最近の阪神大震災級の大地震が起これば家屋倒壊の危機は避けられないものである。
【０００３】
また、日常の生活から掛け離れた大震災は突然襲いかかるものであり、人に逃げる時間を与えずに室内の家具や備品を倒し又は家屋全体を倒壊させ人命を奪っている。
【０００４】
特に、お年寄りにおいては、突然の震災に対して俊敏に動作することは不可能であり、テーブルの下に避難するのが精一杯のところである。また、仮に屋外に逃げ出しても住居が密集している場所や木造家屋が隣接している場所では、他の家屋倒壊等の巻き沿いに合う危険性が非常に高くなる。特に、深夜から早朝にかけては闇の中なのでその危険度がもっと高くなる。
【０００５】
このような理由から、地震発生時は室内にて安全を確保することがまず重要であり、地震が落ち着いてからでも十分に逃げ出すことができる。
【０００６】
そこで、室内に避難場所を設置するものがあり、その一例として実開昭６２−１４９５５１号公報に示された避難箱がある。この避難箱は、天井板、床面板、両側面板、全面板、後面板の６面からなりいずれも断熱壁材を鉄板で覆った構造である。また前面板にスライド式の扉を設けてこれを出入り口としている。
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、上記実開昭６２−１４９５５１号公報のような従来例では、スライド式の扉を設けた構成なので、緊急時のように気が動転してるときに落ち着いて扉を操作できるとは限らず、人為的な要因で扉が開かなくなるという事態も考えられる。震災時には一時も早く避難することが重要でありこれでは使い勝手が悪く安心して利用できないという問題点がある。
【０００８】
また、家屋倒壊により埋まってしまった場合には、その倒壊状況によっては閉じた扉が開かず脱出不能になったり密閉状態により救助の声が届かなくなる等の二次的災害の恐れもある。
【０００９】
さらに、避難箱のコーナーにはアングル金具が取付けられ設置面をアングル金具で形成するので、絨毯やフローリング等の床に設置した場合には移動させなくても傷や凹みを与えてしまうという問題点があった。
【００１０】
本発明の目的は、上述した従来例のような問題点を解消するためになされたものであり、災害発生時には即座に箱内に入り込むことができるとともに、震災後の救助の声を聞き漏らすことなく早い段階での脱出を図ることができる緊急避難箱を提供することにある。
【００１１】
また、本発明の他の目的は、床を傷つけずに設置することができる緊急避難箱を提供することにある。
【００１２】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上述した課題を解決して目的を達成するため、請求項１の発明に係る緊急避難箱は、木製の天板、床板、一対の側板及び背板の各縁部を嵌合させ前面部を開口してなる箱体状の緊急避難箱であって、少なくとも上記一対の側板及び背板はいずれも複数のブロックを積み上げた組立て構造を有するとともに各ブロックは複数の板材を一体積層させた構造を有しており、上記前面部側の内壁面に補強部材を取り付け、上記一対の側板の内面には前面から背板に向かって天板と床板の各縁部を案内する二組の案内溝が並設されるとともに、上記背板の内面には上記二組の案内溝にそれぞれ沿って案内された天板と床板の各先端縁部を嵌入させる嵌入溝が並設され、上記二組の案内溝の入口部分には天板と床板の各後縁部に係合させる二組のストッパ部材が取り付けられ、該二組のストッパ部材は上記前面部の上部と下部とを形成してなることを特徴とする。
【００１３】
請求項２の発明に係る緊急避難箱は、請求項１の発明において、各ブロックは組立て状態で連通する複数のピン挿入孔を有し、該複数のピン挿入孔にそれぞれ挿抜自在の頭付ピン部材を取り付けてなることを特徴とするものである。
【００１４】
請求項３の発明に係る緊急避難箱は、請求項１の発明において、上記緊急避難箱が上記一対の側板と背板との嵌合部位を連通させた一対のピン挿入孔を有し、該複数のピン挿入孔にそれぞれ挿抜自在の頭付ピン部材を取り付けてなることを特徴とするものである。
【００１５】
請求項４の発明に係る緊急避難箱は、請求項３の発明において、上記嵌合部位を升組構造としたことを特徴とするものである。
【００１６】
請求項５の発明に係る緊急避難箱は、請求項１の発明において、上記二組の案内溝の入口部分にはそれぞれストッパ部材を係合させる二組の凹所が設けられ、各凹所に係合されたストッパ部材は箱体状外形の一部を形成してなることを特徴とするものである。
【００１７】
請求項６の発明に係る緊急避難箱は、請求項５の発明において、上記緊急避難箱が上記二組のストッパ部材と該二組のストッパ部材間に介在した上記一対の側板の各先端部とを連通させた一対のピン挿入孔を有し、該複数のピン挿入孔にそれぞれ挿抜自在の頭付ピン部材を取り付けてなることを特徴とするものである。
【００１８】
請求項７の発明に係る緊急避難箱は、請求項１の発明において、上記天板に矩形、円形等の形状を有するテーブル板を取り付けてなることを特徴とするものである。
【００１９】
請求項８の発明に係る緊急避難箱は、請求項７の発明において、上記緊急避難箱が上記テーブル板と一対の側板間を連通させた複数のピン挿入孔を有し、該複数のピン挿入孔にそれぞれ挿抜自在の頭付ピン部材を取り付けてなることを特徴とするものである。
【００２０】
請求項９の発明に係る緊急避難箱は、請求項２、４、６又は８の発明において、上記頭付ピン部材は先端部に雄ねじ部を有し、上記一対の側板及び前面部はいずれも最下段に位置する板材のピン挿入孔に上記頭付ピン部材の雄ねじ部を螺合させる雌ねじ部を設けており、該雄ねじ部と雌ねじ部との螺合位置で上記頭付ピン部材の頭部がピン挿入孔の入口周縁に当接してなることを特徴とするものである。
【００２１】
請求項１０の発明に係る緊急避難箱は、請求項９の発明において、上記頭付ピン部材がボルト部材であり、上記雌ねじ部がナット部材であって上記ピン挿入孔に埋設されてなることを特徴とするものである。
【００２２】
【作用】
請求項１の発明における緊急避難箱によれば、複数の板材を一体積層させてブロック構成しているので、板材の幅によって側板や背板の肉厚が設定されるとともに、ブロックの複数組立て及び一対の側板と背板との縁部間の嵌合によって箱体状の骨格が形成される。また、補強部材は開口された前面部の内壁面に取り付けられるので、この補強部材により囲まれた部分で出入口のスペースが形成される。
さらに、側板の内面に設けた二組の案内溝に天板と床板をそれぞれ案内させ、背板の内面に設けた二組の嵌入溝に天板と床板の各先端縁部を嵌入させる。二組の案内溝の入口部分には二組のストッパ部材を取り付けて天板と床板の各後縁部を係合させ、この状態で二組のストッパ部材が前面部の上部と下部とを形成する。
【００２３】
請求項２の発明における緊急避難箱によれば、ピン挿通孔がブロック間を連通していることから頭付ピン部材を挿通させてブロックを連結させることができる。
【００２４】
請求項３乃至４の発明における緊急避難箱によれば、一対の側板と背板との嵌合部位を例えば升組構造としてここにピン挿通孔を配すことで、頭付ピン部材が嵌合部位の横方向へのずれを規制する。
【００２５】
請求項５発明における緊急避難箱によれば、二組の案内溝の各凹所とストッパ部材とを係合させてストッパ部材に箱体状外形の一部を形成させる。
【００２６】
請求項６の発明における緊急避難箱によれば、二組のストッパ部材と各側板とを連通するようにピン挿入孔を設けたので、頭付ピン部材がストッパ部材と側板間の横方向へのずれを規制する。
【００２７】
請求項７乃至８の発明における緊急避難箱によれば、テーブル板と一対の側板間を連通する各ピン挿入孔に頭付ピン部材を取り付けたので、テーブルを形成できる。
【００２８】
請求項９乃至１０の発明における緊急避難箱によれば、ボルト部材等の頭付ピン部材をピン挿通孔に挿通してその先端部をナット部材等の雌ねじ部に到達させ、その位置で順方向に回すことにより先端部の雄ねじ部と雌ねじ部とを螺合させ、この雄ねじ部と雌ねじ部との螺合位置で頭付ピン部材の頭部がピン挿入孔の入口周縁に当接される。
【００２９】
【実施例】
以下に添付図面を参照して本発明に係る好適な一実施例を詳細に説明する。図１は本発明に係る緊急避難箱の一実施例を示す外観斜視図であり、図２は図１に示した緊急避難箱の分解斜視図である。図１及び図２において、１は緊急避難箱を示している。
【００３０】
この緊急避難箱１は、天板２、一対の側板３，４、背板５、床板６を箱体状に形成して開口された前面に補強部材７を取り付けた構成である。この前面には開口された前面部１ａが形成される。
【００３１】
上記一対の側板３，４及び背板５はいずれも下段、中段、上段に分かれた各ブロック３ａ，３ｂ，３ｃ，４ａ，４ｂ，４ｃ，５ａ，５ｂ，５ｃを積み上げてなる組立て構造を有しており、各ブロックはカラマツ等の木材を使用した複数の板材を平面部分を面接により積層させその面接部分をボンド等の接着剤で接着させた構造を有している。また、天板２については、板材を側面で接合させ一体化した複数のブロック２ｂ，２ｃ，２ｄを連結してなる組立て構造であり、床板６についても同様に複数のブロック６ｂ，６ｃ，６ｄを連結してなる組立て構造である。
【００３２】
上記一対の側板３，４は、上段、中段、下段の各ブロックにおいて前面部１ａ側の内壁面に補強部材７を構成する補強用板材３６…，４６…を取り付けており、これら補強用板材３６…，４６…はボンド等の接着剤で接着される。
【００３３】
上記上段、中段、下段の各ブロックは組立て状態で連通する複数のピン挿入孔Ｈ…を有しており、このピン挿入孔Ｈ…に頭付ピン部材８…を取り付けて積み上げたブロックを一体化させている。また、緊急避難箱１は図２に示した如く一対の側板３，４と背板５とを例えば升組みによって嵌合部位を形成する構造を有しており、この嵌合部位にもピン挿入孔Ｈ…が配設される。
【００３４】
次に各部の構成について詳述する。図３は図１に示した側板上部に設けた案内溝の一例を示す要部斜視図、図４は図１に示した側板下部に設けた案内溝の一例を示す要部斜視図、図５は図１に示した上部のストッパ部材に設け嵌入溝の一例を示す要部斜視図、図６は図１に示した背板上部に設けた嵌入溝の一例を示す要部斜視図、図７は図１に示した背板下部に設けた嵌入溝の一例を示す要部斜視図、そして、図８はピン挿通孔のナット埋設状態の一例を示す側断面図である。
【００３５】
上記一対の側板３，４で形成される内壁面には、図３及び図４に示した如く前面部１ａ側から背板５側に向かって案内溝３０，４０と３２，４２とがそれぞれ並設されている。また、上記背板５には、図６及び図７に示した如く二組の案内溝３０，４０と３２，４２とにそれぞれ連通する二組の嵌入溝５０，５２が並設されている。
【００３６】
上記二組の案内溝３０，４０と３２，４２の入口部分には、図１に示した如く天板２と床板６の各後縁部に係合させるストッパ部材２ａ，６ａがそれぞれ取り付けられており、この二組のストッパ部材２ａ，６ａは前面部１ａの上部と下部とを形成してなる。
【００３７】
また、二組の案内溝３０，４０と３２，４２の入口部分には、図２乃至図４に示した如くそれぞれストッパ部材２ａ，６ａを係合させる二組の凹所３３ａ，４４ａと３３ｂ，４４ｂとが設けられている。凹所３３ａ，４４ａと３３ｂ，４４ｂにそれぞれ係合されたストッパ部材２ａ，６ａは箱体状外形の一部を形成する。
【００３８】
上記緊急避難箱１に設けたピン挿入孔Ｈ…の中には、図２及び図５に示した如く二組のストッパ部材２ａ，６ａとこれらストッパ部材２ａ，６ａ間に介在した一対の側板３，４の各先端部とを連通させるものもある。
【００３９】
頭付ピン部材８は、図２に示した如く、先端部に雄ねじ部８ａを有しており、例えばボルト部材が好適である。また、ピン挿入孔Ｈ…は図８に示したストッパ部材６ａの如く箱体の例えば最下段の板材の位置に頭付ピン部材８の雄ねじ部８ａを螺合させる雌ねじ部９が設けられている。この雄ねじ部８ａと雌ねじ部９との螺合位置で頭付ピン部材８の頭部がピン挿入孔Ｈの入口周縁に当接されるようにピン挿入孔Ｈの長さは設定される。なお、雌ねじ部９はナット部材であってピン挿入孔Ｈに埋設されてなる。
【００４０】
次に緊急避難箱１の組立て手順について図９から図１２を参照して説明する。図９から図１２は組立て手順を示す図、図１３は組立て後の前面部側の断面形状を示す側断面図、そして、図１４は組立て後の背板側の断面形状を示す側断面図である。
【００４１】
緊急避難箱１は、一対の側板及び背板５の各ブロックを下段から中段、上段の順に組立てられる。まず、一対の側板３，４の下段ブロック３ｃ，４ｃを対向配置させこれらの後縁部に設けた升組構造と背板５の下段ブロック５ｃの両縁部に設けた升組構造とを嵌合させる。このとき下段ブロック３ｃ，４ｃ，５ｃによって囲まれる内壁面には案内溝３２，４２と嵌入溝５２とが連通されこの入口より床板６のブロック６ｃ，６ｂが順に挿入される。ブロック６ｃの先端が嵌入溝５２に嵌入された位置でブロック６ｂの挿入量が規制され、ブロック６ｂ後縁部の一部は案内溝３２，４２からはみ出して前面部１ｃの一部を形成する。このはみ出したブロック６ｂの下には凹所３３ｂ，４４ｂが形成されており、ここにストッパ部材６ａが係入される。この段階ではストッパ部材６ａと凹所３３ｂ，４４ｂとは仮係合状態である。このようにして下段が形成される（図９）。
【００４２】
次に、一対の側板３，４の中段ブロック３ｂ，４ｂ及び背板５の中段ブロック５ｂをそれぞれ下段ブロック３ｃ，４ｃ及び５ｃに積み上げるとともに各升組構造を嵌合させて中段を形成する（図１０）。
【００４３】
さらに、一対の側板３，４の上段ブロック３ａ，４ａ及び背板５の上段ブロック５ａをそれぞれ中段ブロック３ｂ，４ｂ及び５ｂに積み上げるとともに各升組構造を嵌合させる。このとき上段ブロック３ａ，４ａ，５ａによって囲まれる内壁面には案内溝３０，４０と嵌入溝５０とが連通されこの入口より天板２のブロック２ｄ，２ｃ，２ｂが順に挿入される。ブロック２ｄの先端が嵌入溝５０に嵌入された位置でブロック６ｂの挿入量が規制され、ブロック６ｂ後縁部の一部は案内溝３０，４０からはみ出してストッパ部材２ａの嵌入溝２０に嵌入される。このときストッパ部材２ａと凹所３３ａ，４４ａとは仮係合状態である。
【００４４】
そして、ピン挿入孔Ｈ…に頭付ピン部材８…を挿入させる。例えば二組のストッパ部材２ａ，６ａ間については、図１３に示した如く最下段に位置する板材すなわちストッパ部材６ａのピン挿入孔Ｈに埋設させた雌ねじ部９に頭付ピン部材８の雄ねじ部８ａを螺合させ、かつ頭付ピン部材８の頭部がピン挿入孔Ｈの入口周縁に当接させて一体に固定させる。また、背板６に設けたピン挿入孔Ｈ，Ｈについても同様に頭付ピン部材８，８を挿入させ、升組構造による嵌合部位の一体化を強化する。この実施例では、一対の側板３，４の長手方向において、略中央にもピン挿入孔Ｈ，Ｈが配設されており、ここにも同様に頭付ピン部材８，８を挿入させ一体化させる。
【００４５】
このようにして組み立てられた緊急避難箱１は、例えば図１５に示した如く使用することができる。図１５には、緊急避難箱１を壁Ｗのコーナーに設置させた例を示しており、天板２上に花瓶１０２や電話機等を載せれておけば、スペースを有効に活用することが可能である。また、突然震災が発生しても図１５に示した如く数人の人が余裕をもって避難できる。
【００４６】
以上の説明によれば、複数の板材を積層させて板材の幅によって側板３，４や背板５の肉厚が設定されるとともに、ブロックの組立て及び側板３，４と背板５との縁部間の嵌合によって箱体状の骨格を形成したので、上方からの加重に対して反り等の変形を生じることがなく高い保形性を得ることができる。特に、補強部材７を開口された前面部１ａの内壁面に取り付けてこの補強部材７より囲まれた部分で出入口のスペースを形成したので、前面部１ａの剛性を高めて保形性の強化を図ることができるとともに、補強部材７の厚み分だけ前面部１ａの開口幅を狭める程度で済む。
【００４７】
また、ピン挿通孔Ｈがブロック間を連通していることから頭付ピン部材８を挿通させてブロックを連結させ、組立て後の安定性を得ることができる。
【００４８】
さらに、側板３，４と背板５との嵌合部位を升組構造としてここにピン挿通孔を配すことで、頭付ピン部材８が嵌合部位の横方向へのずれを規制するので、震災時に衝撃や家具等との衝突があっても嵌合状態を保持できる。
【００４９】
そして、側板３，４の内面に設けた二組の案内溝３０，４０と３２，４２とに天板２と床板６をそれぞれ案内させ、背板５の内面に設けた二組の嵌入溝５０，５２に天板２と床板６の各先端縁部を嵌入させるので、組立てが容易である。
【００５０】
また、二組の案内溝３０，４０と３２，４２の入口部分に二組のストッパ部材２ａ，６ａを取り付けて天板２と床板６の各後縁部を係合させ、この状態で二組のストッパ部材２ａ，６ａが前面部１ａの上部と下部とを形成するので、天板２と床板６の抜けを防止することができる。
【００５１】
さらに、二組の案内溝３０，４０と３２，４２の入口部分の各凹所３３ａ，４４ａと３３ｂ，４４ｂとストッパ部材２ａ，６ａとを係合させたので、ストッパ部材２ａ，６ａに箱体状外形の一部が形成されるので、緊急避難箱１は例えば図１５の床Ｆに面接状態で設置され、よって、設置時や撤去後に床を傷付けずみ済む。
【００５２】
そして、二組のストッパ部材２ａ，６ａと各側板３，４とを連通するようにピン挿入孔Ｈ，Ｈを設けたので、頭付ピン部材８，８がストッパ部材２ａ，６ａと側板３，４間の横方向へのずれが規制され、よって、震災時に衝撃や家具等との衝突があっても嵌合状態を保持することができる。
【００５３】
次に変形例について説明する。図１６は前述の実施例の変形例を示す外観斜視図であり、図において、８０は変形例の緊急避難箱を示している。この緊急避難箱８０は、天板２に矩形、円形等の形状を有するテーブル板８２を取り付けており、このテーブル板８２には一対の側板３，４間と連通する複数のピン挿入孔Ｈが配設されている。この場合、頭付ピン部材８０は前述の頭付ピン部材８よりもテーブル板８２の板厚分長く設定すればよい。
【００５４】
このように、テーブル板８２と一対の側板３，４間を連通する各ピン挿入孔Ｈに頭付ピン部材８を取り付けてテーブルを形成したので、普段はテーブルとして生活に支障なく利用できるとともに、震災時には緊急避難箱として利用できる。また、テーブル板８２に花瓶１０２を載せたり、前面部１ａの入口にカーテン１０６を取り付けてもよく、これで出入りに支障を来すことはなく、インテリアとしの美観を醸し出すものである。
【００５５】
さて、本発明は、上記実施例で示したピン挿入孔Ｈの配置に限定されず、例えば各側板の前面部１ａと背部５間に略中央の一本だけ設けるのではなくその距離に応じて２本、３本と増加させてもよい。
【００５６】
また、本発明は、上記実施例で示した上・中・下の三段階のブロックに限定されず、例えば高さに応じて４段、５段と増加させてもよい。
【００５７】
さらに、本発明は、上記実施例で示したように側板３，４の内壁面に補強部材７を取り付けて補強する構成に限定されず、例えば側板３，４及びストッパ部材２ａ，６ａで囲まれる矩形状の内壁面に木製や金属製等の枠部材を取り付けた構成でもよく、あるいは側板３，４、ストッパ部材２ａ，６ａ間の隣合う内壁面又は隣接する３内壁面に木製や金属製等のアーチ部材を取り付けた構成であってもよい。
【００５８】
そして、本発明は、上段から下段までのブロックの組立てに頭付ピン部材８を使用しているがこれに限定されず、例えば積み上げたブロックを上方より被嵌して一体化させる金属製等の被嵌部材に代用させてもよい。この場合には、被嵌部材が床面に接触しないようにその先端の長さを設定する。
【００５９】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように請求項１の発明によれば、複数の板材を積層させて板材の幅によって側板や背板の肉厚が設定されるとともに、ブロックの組立て及び一対の側板と背板との縁部間の嵌合によって箱体状の骨格を形成したので、上方からの加重に対して反り等の変形を生じることがなく高い保形性を得ることができる。
特に、補強部材を開口された前面部の内壁面に取り付けてこの補強部材により囲まれた部分で出入口のスペースを形成し、併せて入口部分の天板と床板に二組のストッパ部材が取り付けられて前面部の上部と下部とを形成したので、前面部の剛性を高めて保形性の強化を図ることができるとともに、補強部材やストッパ部材の厚み分だけ前面部の開口幅を狭める程度なので、補強部材やストッパ部材が避難や脱出の際の出入りに障害を来すことはなく、震災発生時の慌ただしいときでも迅速に内部へ入り込むことが可能である。また、震災後に外部からの救助の声を聞き漏らすことなく、生存時の脱出を図ることが可能である。
【００６０】
また、請求項１の発明によれば、側板の内面に設けた二組の案内溝に天板と床板をそれぞれ案内させると同時に背板の内面に設けた嵌入溝には天板と床板の各先端縁部を嵌入させ、二組の案内溝の入口部分には二組のストッパ部材を取り付けて天板と床板の各後縁部を係合させ、この状態で二組のストッパ部材が前面部の上部と下部とを形成するので、天板と床板の抜けを防止することができる。
【００６１】
さらに、請求項１の発明によれば、複数の板材を一体積層したブッロクにすると同時にブロックを複数段に積み上げして一対の側板、背板及び前面部とし、側板の内面に設けた二組の案内溝に天板と床板をそれぞれ案内させて背板の内面に設けた二組の嵌入溝に天板と床板の各先端縁部を嵌入させ、あわせて天板と床板の各後端部に二組のストッパ部材が係合されるので、組立てが容易であるうえに、分解・組立てが可能となり、よって、出荷や保管時のコンパクト化を図ることができる。
【００６２】
また、請求項２の発明によれば、ピン挿通孔がブロック間を連通していることから頭付ピン部材を挿通させてブロックを連結させ、組立て後の安定性を得ることができる。
【００６３】
請求項３乃至４の発明によれば、一対の側板と背板との嵌合部位を例えば升組構造としてここにピン挿通孔を配すことで、頭付ピン部材が嵌合部位の横方向へのずれを規制するので、震災時に衝撃や家具等との衝突があっても嵌合状態を保持することができる。
【００６４】
請求項５の発明によれば、二組の案内溝の各凹所とストッパ部材とを係合させたので、ストッパ部材に箱体状外形の一部が形成されるので、緊急避難箱は床に面接状態で設置され、よって、設置時や撤去後に床を傷付けずみ済む。
【００６５】
請求項６の発明によれば、二組のストッパ部材と各側板とを連通するようにピン挿入孔を設けたので、頭付ピン部材がストッパ部材と側板間の横方向へのずれが規制され、よって、震災時に衝撃や家具等との衝突があっても嵌合状態を保持することができる。
【００６６】
請求項７乃至８の発明によれば、テーブル板と一対の側板間を連通する各ピン挿入孔に頭付ピン部材を取り付けてテーブルを形成したので、普段はテーブルとして生活に支障なく利用できるとともに、震災時には緊急避難箱として利用できる。
【００６７】
さらに、請求項９乃至１０の発明によれば、ボルト部材等の頭付ピン部材の雄ねじ部とナット部材等の雌ねじ部との螺合位置で頭付ピン部材の頭部をピン挿入孔の入口周縁に当接させるようにしたので、単に組立て後の安定性を得るだけでなく最上段の板材と最下段の板材との間のブロック間の結合力を向上させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る緊急避難箱の一実施例を示す外観斜視図である。
【図２】図１に示した緊急避難箱の分解斜視図である。
【図３】図１に示した側板上部に設けた案内溝の一例を示す要部斜視図である。
【図４】図１に示した側板下部に設けた案内溝の一例を示す要部斜視図である。
【図５】図１に示した上部のストッパ部材に設け嵌入溝の一例を示す要部斜視図である。
【図６】図１に示した背板上部に設けた嵌入溝の一例を示す要部斜視図である。
【図７】図１に示した背板下部に設けた嵌入溝の一例を示す要部斜視図である。
【図８】ピン挿通孔のナット埋設状態の一例を示す側断面図である。
【図９】組立て手順の一例を示す外観斜視図である。
【図１０】組立て手順の一例を示す外観斜視図である。
【図１１】組立て手順の一例を示す外観斜視図である。
【図１２】組立て手順の一例を示す外観斜視図である。
【図１３】組立て後の前面部側の断面形状を示す側断面図である。
【図１４】組立て後の背板側の断面形状を示す側断面図である。
【図１５】図１に示した緊急避難箱の使用例を示す外観斜視図である。
【図１６】本実施例の変形例を示す外観斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
１緊急避難箱
２天板
２ａ，６ａストッパ部材
２ｂ，２ｃ，２ｄ，６ｂ，６ｃブロック
３，４側板
３ａ，４ａ，５ａ上段ブロック
３ｂ，４ｂ，５ｂ中段ブロック
３ｃ，４ｃ，５ｃ下段ブロック
５背板
６底板
７補強部材
８，８０頭付ピン部材
９雌ねじ部
２０，５０，５２嵌入溝
３６，４６補強用板材
４０，４２案内溝
４４ａ，４４ｂ凹所
８２テーブル板
Ｈピン挿入孔[0001]
[Industrial applications]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an emergency evacuation box, and more particularly to an emergency evacuation box that is installed in a room for use in evacuation quickly before a house collapses in the event of a great earthquake.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Wooden houses that have been built for a long time are often not fully equipped with earthquake-resistant facilities, and the danger of house collapse is inevitable if the Great Kanto Earthquake or the recent Great Hanshin Earthquake.
[0003]
In addition, a great earthquake that is far from daily life is suddenly devastating, killing indoor furniture and equipment or destroying the entire house without giving people time to escape.
[0004]
In particular, it is impossible for elderly people to operate aggressively in response to a sudden earthquake disaster, and evacuation under the table is at its best. In addition, even if they escape to the outdoors, in places where houses are densely populated or places where wooden houses are adjacent to each other, there is a very high risk that the houses will fit along the winding of other houses. In particular, the danger is higher from midnight to early morning because of the darkness.
[0005]
For this reason, when an earthquake occurs, it is important to ensure safety indoors, and it is possible to escape sufficiently even after the earthquake has settled down.
[0006]
Therefore, there is a case where an evacuation site is installed in a room, and an example is an evacuation box disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 62-149551. This evacuation box is composed of a ceiling panel, a floor panel, both side panels, a full panel, and a rear panel, all of which have a heat insulating wall material covered with an iron plate. In addition, a sliding door is provided on the front panel to serve as an entrance.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional example such as Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 62-149551, a sliding door is provided, so that it is not always possible to calm down and operate the door when the person is upset, such as in an emergency. However, it is possible that the door will not open due to human factors. It is important to evacuate as soon as possible in the event of an earthquake, which is inconvenient and cannot be used with peace of mind.
[0008]
In addition, when a house is buried due to collapse, there is a danger of secondary disasters such as a closed door not opening and being unable to escape depending on the collapse situation, or being unable to reach a rescue voice due to a closed state.
[0009]
In addition, since angle brackets are attached to the corners of the evacuation box and the installation surface is formed with angle brackets, when installed on a floor such as a carpet or flooring, there is a problem that scratches or dents are given even if they are not moved. was there.
[0010]
An object of the present invention is to solve the problems as in the above-described conventional example. In the event of a disaster, it is possible to immediately enter the box and overlook the voice of rescue after the earthquake. It is an object of the present invention to provide an emergency evacuation box that can escape at an early stage.
[0011]
Another object of the present invention is to provide an emergency evacuation box that can be installed without damaging the floor.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the object, an emergency evacuation box according to the first aspect of the present invention has a wooden top plate, a floor plate, a pair of side plates and a back plate, and each front edge portion is opened. A box-shaped emergency evacuation box, wherein at least the pair of side plates and the back plate each have an assembled structure in which a plurality of blocks are stacked, and each block includes a plurality of plate members.OnenessHas a laminated structure, with a reinforcing member attached to the inner wall surface on the front sideOn the inner surface of the pair of side plates, two sets of guide grooves for guiding each edge of the top plate and the floor plate from the front surface toward the back plate are arranged in parallel, and the two sets of the two sets of grooves are provided on the inner surface of the back plate. Fitting grooves for fitting the respective top edges of the top plate and the floor plate guided along the guide grooves are provided in parallel, and the entrance portions of the two sets of guide grooves are connected to the rear edges of the top plate and the floor plate. Two sets of stopper members to be combined are attached, and the two sets of stopper members are Forming the top and bottom ofIt is characterized by becoming.
[0013]
An emergency evacuation box according to a second aspect of the present invention is the emergency evacuation box according to the first aspect, wherein each block has a plurality of pin insertion holes communicating with each other in an assembled state, and a headed pin which can be inserted into and removed from each of the plurality of pin insertion holes. It is characterized by attaching a member.
[0014]
An emergency evacuation box according to a third aspect of the present invention is the emergency evacuation box according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the emergency evacuation box has a pair of pin insertion holes communicating a fitting portion between the pair of side plates and the back plate. It is characterized in that a plurality of pin insertion holes is provided with a headed pin member which can be inserted and removed, respectively.
[0015]
An emergency evacuation box according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the emergency evacuation box according to the third aspect of the present invention, wherein the fitting portion has a raised structure.
[0016]
Claim5The emergency evacuation box according to the invention is claimed in1In the invention, two sets of recesses for engaging stopper members are respectively provided at the entrance portions of the two sets of guide grooves, and the stopper members engaged with each recess form a part of the box-shaped outer shape. It is characterized by being formed.
[0017]
Claim6The emergency evacuation box according to the invention is claimed in5In the invention, the emergency evacuation box has a pair of pin insertion holes communicating the two sets of stopper members and the respective distal ends of the pair of side plates interposed between the two sets of stopper members. Characterized in that a pin member with a head that can be inserted and withdrawn is attached to each of the pin insertion holes.
[0018]
Claim7The emergency evacuation box according to the invention is characterized in that, in the invention according to the first aspect, a table plate having a rectangular or circular shape is attached to the top plate.
[0019]
Claim8The emergency evacuation box according to the invention is claimed in7In the invention, the emergency evacuation box has a plurality of pin insertion holes that allow the table plate and the pair of side plates to communicate with each other, and a plurality of pin insertion holes that can be inserted and withdrawn are attached to the plurality of pin insertion holes. It is characterized by the following.
[0020]
Claim9The emergency evacuation box according to the invention of claim 2,6 or 8In the invention of the above, the headed pin member has a male screw portion at the tip end, and the pair of side plates and the front surface portion are each screwed with the male screw portion of the headed pin member into a pin insertion hole of a plate material located at the lowest stage. A female screw portion to be combined is provided, and the head of the headed pin member comes into contact with the entrance periphery of the pin insertion hole at a screwing position between the male screw portion and the female screw portion.
[0021]
Claim10The emergency evacuation box according to the invention is claimed in9In the invention, the headed pin member is a bolt member, and the female screw portion is a nut member embedded in the pin insertion hole.
[0022]
[Action]
According to the emergency evacuation box in the invention of claim 1, a plurality of plate members areOnenessStackBlockThe thickness of the side and back plates is set according to the width of the plate,MultipleA box-shaped skeleton is formed by assembling and fitting between the edges of the pair of side plates and the back plate. Further, since the reinforcing member is attached to the inner wall surface of the opened front portion, a space for the entrance is formed in a portion surrounded by the reinforcing member.
Further, the top plate and the floor plate are respectively guided into two sets of guide grooves provided on the inner surface of the side plate, and the respective distal end portions of the top plate and the floor plate are fitted into the two sets of fitting grooves provided on the inner surface of the back plate. At the entrances of the two sets of guide grooves, two sets of stopper members are attached to engage the respective rear edges of the top plate and floor plate, and in this state the two sets of stopper members form the upper and lower parts of the front part I do.
[0023]
According to the emergency evacuation box according to the second aspect of the present invention, since the pin insertion holes communicate between the blocks, the blocks can be connected by inserting the headed pin members.
[0024]
According to the emergency evacuation box according to the third and fourth aspects of the present invention, the fitting portion between the pair of side plates and the back plate is formed as, for example, a ridge structure, and the pin insertion holes are arranged here, so that the headed pin member is fitted. Regulate lateral displacement of the part.
[0025]
Claim5According to the emergency evacuation box of the present invention, each recess of the two sets of guide grooves is engaged with the stopper member to cause the stopper member to form a part of the box-shaped outer shape.
[0026]
Claim6According to the emergency evacuation box according to the invention, the pin insertion holes are provided so as to communicate the two sets of stopper members and the respective side plates, so that the headed pin members restrict lateral displacement between the stopper members and the side plates. I do.
[0027]
Claim7 or 8According to the emergency evacuation box of the invention, the head member is attached to each pin insertion hole communicating between the table plate and the pair of side plates, so that the table can be formed.
[0028]
Claim9 to 10According to the emergency evacuation box according to the invention, the headed pin member such as a bolt member is inserted into the pin insertion hole so that the tip portion reaches the female screw portion such as the nut member, and the tip portion is turned in the forward direction at that position. The male screw portion and the female screw portion of the portion are screwed together, and the head of the headed pin member is brought into contact with the entrance periphery of the pin insertion hole at the screwing position of the male screw portion and the female screw portion.
[0029]
【Example】
Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing an embodiment of the emergency evacuation box according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the emergency evacuation box shown in FIG. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes an emergency evacuation box.
[0030]
The emergency evacuation box 1 has a configuration in which a top plate 2, a pair of side plates 3, 4, a back plate 5, and a floor plate 6 are formed in a box shape, and a reinforcing member 7 is attached to an open front surface. On the front surface, an open front portion 1a is formed.
[0031]
Each of the pair of side plates 3, 4 and the back plate 5 has an assembling structure in which blocks 3a, 3b, 3c, 4a, 4b, 4c, 5a, 5b, 5c divided into lower, middle, and upper stages are stacked. Each block has a structure in which a plurality of plate materials made of wood such as larch are stacked on a plane portion by face-to-face contact, and the face-to-face portion is bonded with an adhesive such as a bond. Further, the top plate 2 has an assembled structure in which a plurality of blocks 2b, 2c, and 2d are joined together by joining the plate materials on the side surfaces, and a plurality of blocks 6b, 6c, and 6d are similarly formed for the floor plate 6. It is an assembly structure that is connected.
[0032]
The pair of side plates 3 and 4 have reinforcing plate members 36... 46 constituting the reinforcing member 7 attached to the inner wall surface on the front surface 1 a side in each of the upper, middle and lower blocks. , 46 ... are bonded by an adhesive such as a bond.
[0033]
Each of the upper, middle, and lower blocks has a plurality of pin insertion holes H that communicate with each other in an assembled state, and the blocks stacked by attaching the headed pin members 8 to the pin insertion holes H are integrated. Let me. As shown in FIG. 2, the emergency evacuation box 1 has a structure in which a pair of side plates 3, 4 and a back plate 5 are formed with a fitting portion by, for example, a ridge. Holes H are provided.
[0034]
Next, the configuration of each unit will be described in detail. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a main part showing an example of a guide groove provided in an upper part of the side plate shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a main part showing an example of a guide groove provided in a lower part of the side plate shown in FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a main part showing an example of a fitting groove provided in the upper stopper member shown in FIG. 1; FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a main part showing an example of a fitting groove provided in the upper part of the back plate shown in FIG. 1; Is a perspective view of an essential part showing an example of a fitting groove provided in a lower portion of the back plate shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 8 is a side sectional view showing an example of a state where a nut is embedded in a pin insertion hole.
[0035]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, guide grooves 30, 40, 32, and 42 are arranged on the inner wall surface formed by the pair of side plates 3 and 4 from the front surface 1a toward the back plate 5 as shown in FIGS. Is established. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the back plate 5 is provided with two sets of fitting grooves 50 and 52 communicating with the two sets of guide grooves 30, 40 and 32, 42, respectively.
[0036]
At the entrances of the two sets of guide grooves 30, 40, 32, and 42, stopper members 2a and 6a to be engaged with respective rear edges of the top plate 2 and the floor plate 6 are attached as shown in FIG. The two sets of stopper members 2a and 6a form an upper part and a lower part of the front part 1a.
[0037]
In addition, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, two sets of recesses 33a, 44a and 33b for engaging the stopper members 2a and 6a are respectively provided at the entrances of the two sets of guide grooves 30, 40 and 32 and 42. 44b. The stopper members 2a, 6a respectively engaged with the recesses 33a, 44a and 33b, 44b form a part of the box-shaped outer shape.
[0038]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 5, two sets of stopper members 2a, 6a and a pair of side plates 3 interposed between the stopper members 2a, 6a are provided in the pin insertion holes H provided in the emergency evacuation box 1. , And 4 may be communicated with each other.
[0039]
As shown in FIG. 2, the headed pin member 8 has a male screw portion 8a at the tip, and for example, a bolt member is suitable. The pin insertion holes H are provided with a female screw portion 9 for screwing the male screw portion 8a of the headed pin member 8 at the position of, for example, the lowermost plate member of the box like the stopper member 6a shown in FIG. . The length of the pin insertion hole H is set such that the head of the headed pin member 8 is brought into contact with the entrance periphery of the pin insertion hole H at the screwing position of the male screw portion 8a and the female screw portion 9. Note that the female screw portion 9 is a nut member and is embedded in the pin insertion hole H.
[0040]
Next, a procedure for assembling the emergency evacuation box 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 12 are views showing an assembling procedure, FIG. 13 is a side cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional shape on the front side after the assembling, and FIG. 14 is a side cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional shape on the back plate side after the assembling. is there.
[0041]
In the emergency evacuation box 1, each block of the pair of side plates and the back plate 5 is assembled in order from the lower stage to the middle stage and then to the upper stage. First, the lower block 3c, 4c of the pair of side plates 3, 4 are arranged to face each other, and the raised structure provided at the rear edge thereof and the raised structure provided at both edges of the lower block 5c of the back plate 5 are fitted. Combine. At this time, the guide grooves 32, 42 and the fitting groove 52 communicate with the inner wall surface surrounded by the lower blocks 3c, 4c, 5c, and the blocks 6c, 6b of the floor plate 6 are sequentially inserted from the entrance. The insertion amount of the block 6b is regulated at the position where the tip of the block 6c is fitted into the fitting groove 52, and a part of the rear edge of the block 6b protrudes from the guide grooves 32 and 42 to form a part of the front surface 1c. Under the protruding block 6b, recesses 33b and 44b are formed, into which the stopper member 6a is engaged. At this stage, the stopper member 6a and the recesses 33b, 44b are in a temporary engagement state. Thus, the lower stage is formed (FIG. 9).
[0042]
Next, the middle block 3b, 4b of the pair of side plates 3, 4 and the middle block 5b of the back plate 5 are stacked on the lower blocks 3c, 4c, 5c, respectively, and the respective mating structures are fitted to form a middle block (FIG. 10).
[0043]
Further, the upper blocks 3a and 4a of the pair of side plates 3 and 4 and the upper block 5a of the back plate 5 are stacked on the middle blocks 3b, 4b and 5b, respectively, and the respective mating structures are fitted. At this time, the guide grooves 30, 40 and the fitting groove 50 communicate with the inner wall surface surrounded by the upper blocks 3a, 4a, 5a, and the blocks 2d, 2c, 2b of the top plate 2 are sequentially inserted from the entrance. The insertion amount of the block 6b is regulated at the position where the tip of the block 2d is fitted into the fitting groove 50, and a part of the rear edge of the block 6b protrudes from the guide grooves 30, 40 and is fitted into the fitting groove 20 of the stopper member 2a. You. At this time, the stopper member 2a and the recesses 33a and 44a are in a temporary engagement state.
[0044]
Then, the headed pin members 8 are inserted into the pin insertion holes H. For example, between the two sets of stopper members 2a, 6a, as shown in FIG. 13, the male screw portion of the headed pin member 8 is attached to the plate member located at the lowermost stage, that is, the female screw portion 9 embedded in the pin insertion hole H of the stopper member 6a. 8a, and the head of the headed pin member 8 is brought into contact with the peripheral edge of the entrance of the pin insertion hole H to be integrally fixed. Also, the pinned members 8, 8 with heads are inserted into the pin insertion holes H, H provided in the back plate 6 in the same manner, thereby strengthening the integration of the fitting parts by the square structure. In this embodiment, a pin insertion hole H, H is provided substantially at the center in the longitudinal direction of the pair of side plates 3, 4, and the headed pin members 8, 8 are similarly inserted into the pin insertion holes 8, 8 so as to be integrated. Let it.
[0045]
The emergency evacuation box 1 assembled in this manner can be used, for example, as shown in FIG. FIG. 15 shows an example in which the emergency evacuation box 1 is installed at the corner of the wall W. If the vase 102 and the telephone are placed on the top 2, the space can be effectively used. It is. In addition, even if a sudden earthquake occurs, several people can evacuate easily as shown in FIG.
[0046]
According to the above description, the thicknesses of the side plates 3, 4 and the back plate 5 are set according to the width of the plate materials by laminating a plurality of plate materials, and the assembling of the block and the edge between the side plates 3, 4 and the back plate 5 are performed. Since a box-shaped skeleton is formed by fitting between the parts, high shape retention can be obtained without deformation such as warpage due to a load from above. In particular, since the reinforcing member 7 is attached to the inner wall surface of the opened front portion 1a to form a space for an entrance at a portion surrounded by the reinforcing member 7, the rigidity of the front portion 1a is increased to enhance shape retention. In addition, the opening width of the front portion 1a may be reduced by the thickness of the reinforcing member 7.
[0047]
In addition, since the pin insertion holes H communicate between the blocks, the blocks with the head pins 8 can be inserted to connect the blocks, and stability after assembly can be obtained.
[0048]
Furthermore, the fitting portion between the side plates 3, 4 and the back plate 5 is formed as a raised structure, and a pin insertion hole is provided here, so that the headed pin member 8 restricts the displacement of the fitting portion in the lateral direction. Even if there is a shock or collision with furniture or the like at the time of the earthquake, the fitted state can be maintained.
[0049]
The top plate 2 and the floor plate 6 are guided by two sets of guide grooves 30, 40, 32, 42 provided on the inner surface of the side plates 3, 4, respectively, and two sets of fitting grooves 50 provided on the inner surface of the back plate 5. , 52, the respective top edges of the top plate 2 and the floor plate 6 are fitted, so that assembly is easy.
[0050]
Also, two sets of stopper members 2a, 6a are attached to the entrances of the two sets of guide grooves 30, 40, 32, 42 so that the rear edges of the top plate 2 and the floor plate 6 are engaged with each other. Since the stopper members 2a and 6a form the upper and lower portions of the front portion 1a, the top plate 2 and the floor plate 6 can be prevented from coming off.
[0051]
Further, since the recesses 33a, 44a, 33b, 44b at the entrances of the two sets of guide grooves 30, 40, 32, 42 and the stopper members 2a, 6a are engaged, the box members are fitted to the stopper members 2a, 6a. Since a part of the external shape is formed, the emergency evacuation box 1 is installed in an interview state, for example, on the floor F in FIG. 15, so that the floor is not damaged during installation or after removal.
[0052]
Since the pin insertion holes H, H are provided so that the two sets of stopper members 2a, 6a and the side plates 3, 4 communicate with each other, the headed pin members 8, 8 are provided with the stopper members 2a, 6a and the side plates 3, 4. 4 is restricted in the lateral direction, so that the fitting state can be maintained even if there is an impact or collision with furniture or the like at the time of the earthquake.
[0053]
Next, a modified example will be described. FIG. 16 is an external perspective view showing a modification of the above-described embodiment. In the figure, reference numeral 80 denotes an emergency evacuation box of the modification. In this emergency evacuation box 80, a table plate 82 having a rectangular or circular shape is attached to the top plate 2, and a plurality of pin insertion holes H communicating with a pair of side plates 3 and 4 are formed in the table plate 82. It is arranged. In this case, the headed pin member 80 may be set longer than the headed pin member 8 by the thickness of the table plate 82.
[0054]
In this way, the table is formed by attaching the headed pin member 8 to each of the pin insertion holes H communicating between the table plate 82 and the pair of side plates 3 and 4, and can be used as a table without any trouble in daily life. It can be used as an emergency evacuation box during an earthquake. Further, the vase 102 may be placed on the table board 82, or the curtain 106 may be attached to the entrance of the front part 1a, so that it does not hinder access and gives a beautiful appearance to the interior.
[0055]
By the way, the present invention is not limited to the arrangement of the pin insertion holes H shown in the above-described embodiment. For example, one center is not provided between the front part 1a and the back part 5 of each side plate, but according to the distance. The number may be increased to two or three.
[0056]
Further, the present invention is not limited to the three-level blocks of the upper, middle, and lower levels shown in the above-described embodiment, but may be increased to four levels or five levels, for example, according to the height.
[0057]
Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the configuration in which the reinforcing members 7 are attached to the inner wall surfaces of the side plates 3 and 4 to reinforce as shown in the above-described embodiment. A frame member made of wood or metal may be attached to the rectangular inner wall surface, or wooden or metal etc. may be attached to the inner wall surface adjacent to the side plates 3, 4 and the stopper members 2a, 6a or the three inner wall surfaces adjacent to each other. May be attached.
[0058]
In the present invention, the headed pin member 8 is used for assembling the blocks from the upper stage to the lower stage. However, the present invention is not limited to this. The fitting member may be substituted. In this case, the length of the tip is set so that the fitted member does not contact the floor surface.
[0059]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the thickness of the side plate or the back plate is set by laminating a plurality of plate materials and the width of the plate material, and the assembly of the block and the pair of the side plate and the back plate are performed. Since a box-shaped skeleton is formed by fitting between the edges, a high shape retention can be obtained without deformation such as warpage due to a load from above.
In particular, the reinforcing member is attached to the inner wall surface of the opened front portion to form a space for an entrance at a portion surrounded by the reinforcing member,At the same time, two sets of stopper members were attached to the top plate and floor plate at the entrance, forming the upper and lower parts of the front part, The rigidity of the front part can be increased to enhance the shape retention, and the reinforcing memberAnd stopper membersBecause the opening width of the front part is narrowed by the thickness of the front part, the reinforcing member and stopper member do not hinder egress and evacuation during evacuation and escape, and can enter the inside quickly even in a rush when an earthquake disaster occurs Is possible. In addition, it is possible to escape while living without hearing any external rescue voices after the earthquake.
[0060]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the top plate and the floor plate are respectively guided by the two sets of guide grooves provided on the inner surface of the side plate, and the top plate and the floor plate are respectively inserted into the fitting grooves provided on the inner surface of the back plate. The leading edge is fitted, two sets of stopper members are attached to the entrances of the two sets of guide grooves, and the rear edges of the top plate and the floor plate are engaged with each other. Since the upper and lower portions of the top plate are formed, the top plate and the floor plate can be prevented from coming off.
[0061]
Furthermore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of plate members are integrally laminated to form a block, and at the same time, the blocks are stacked in a plurality of stages.handA pair of side plates, a back plate and a front portion, the top plate and the floor plate are guided by two sets of guide grooves provided on the inner surface of the side plate, respectively. Each of the leading edge portions is fitted, and two sets of stopper members are engaged with each of the rear ends of the top plate and the floor plate, so that assembling is easy and disassembling / assembling is possible. And storage can be made more compact.
[0062]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the pin insertion holes communicate between the blocks, it is possible to insert the headed pin members to connect the blocks, thereby obtaining stability after assembly.
[0063]
According to the third and fourth aspects of the present invention, the fitting portion between the pair of side plates and the back plate is, for example, a square structure, and the pin insertion holes are provided here, so that the headed pin member can be moved in the lateral direction of the fitting portion. Therefore, the fitting state can be maintained even if there is an impact or a collision with furniture or the like during the earthquake.
[0064]
Claim5According to the invention, since the recesses of the two sets of guide grooves and the stopper member are engaged with each other, a part of the box-shaped outer shape is formed on the stopper member, so that the emergency evacuation box is in a state of being in contact with the floor. The floor is not damaged during installation or after removal.
[0065]
Claim6According to the invention, the pin insertion hole is provided so as to communicate the two sets of stopper members and each side plate, so that the headed pin member is restricted from shifting in the lateral direction between the stopper member and the side plates, and The fitting state can be maintained even if there is a shock or collision with furniture or the like at the time of the earthquake.
[0066]
Claim7 or 8According to the invention, the table is formed by attaching a headed pin member to each of the pin insertion holes communicating between the table plate and the pair of side plates, so that the table can be used as a table without any trouble in daily life, and in the event of an earthquake, Can be used as an evacuation box.
[0067]
Claims9 to 10According to the invention, the head of the headed pin member is brought into contact with the inlet periphery of the pin insertion hole at the screw position of the male screw portion of the headed pin member such as a bolt member and the female screw portion such as a nut member. Therefore, not only stability after assembly can be obtained, but also the bonding force between the blocks between the uppermost plate and the lowermost plate can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an external perspective view showing one embodiment of an emergency evacuation box according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view of the emergency evacuation box shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a main part showing an example of a guide groove provided in an upper portion of the side plate shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a main part showing an example of a guide groove provided in a lower portion of the side plate shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an essential part showing an example of a fitting groove provided in the upper stopper member shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an essential part showing an example of a fitting groove provided in an upper portion of a back plate shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a main part showing an example of a fitting groove provided in a lower portion of the back plate shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 8 is a side sectional view showing an example of a state where a nut is embedded in a pin insertion hole.
FIG. 9 is an external perspective view showing an example of an assembling procedure.
FIG. 10 is an external perspective view showing an example of an assembling procedure.
FIG. 11 is an external perspective view showing an example of an assembling procedure.
FIG. 12 is an external perspective view showing an example of an assembling procedure.
FIG. 13 is a side sectional view showing a sectional shape of the front part after assembly.
FIG. 14 is a side cross-sectional view showing a cross-sectional shape of the back plate after assembly.
15 is an external perspective view showing an example of using the emergency evacuation box shown in FIG.
FIG. 16 is an external perspective view showing a modification of the present embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 emergency evacuation box
2 Top plate
2a, 6a Stopper member
2b, 2c, 2d, 6b, 6c block
3,4 side plate
3a, 4a, 5a Upper block
3b, 4b, 5b Middle block
3c, 4c, 5c Lower block
5 Backboard
6 Bottom plate
7 Reinforcing members
8,80 Pin member with head
9 Female thread
20, 50, 52 Fitting groove
36,46 Reinforcing plate
40, 42 Guide groove
44a, 44b recess
82 table board
H Pin insertion hole

Claims

A box-shaped emergency evacuation box having a wooden top plate, a floor plate, a pair of side plates, and a pair of side plates and a pair of side plates fitted to each other to open the front part thereof,
At least the pair of side plates and the back plate each have an assembled structure in which a plurality of blocks are stacked, and each block has an integrated structure in which a plurality of plate materials are stacked, and a reinforcing member is provided on the inner wall surface on the front surface side. On the inner surfaces of the pair of side plates, two sets of guide grooves for guiding each edge of the top plate and the floor plate from the front surface to the back plate are provided in parallel, and the inner surfaces of the back plate are provided with the two sets of guide grooves. Insertion grooves for inserting the respective top edge portions of the top plate and the floor plate guided along the guide grooves of the pair are provided in parallel, and the rear edge portions of the top plate and the floor plate are provided at the entrance of the two sets of guide grooves. An emergency evacuation box , wherein two sets of stopper members to be engaged with the emergency evacuation box are attached, and the two sets of stopper members form an upper part and a lower part of the front part .

2. The emergency evacuation box according to claim 1, wherein each block has a plurality of pin insertion holes communicating with each other in an assembled state, and each of the plurality of pin insertion holes is provided with a headed pin member that can be inserted and withdrawn.

The emergency evacuation box has a pair of pin insertion holes communicating the fitting portions of the pair of side plates and the back plate, and a pair of pinned head members that can be inserted and withdrawn are respectively attached to the pair of pin insertion holes. The emergency evacuation box according to claim 1, wherein:

4. The emergency evacuation box according to claim 3, wherein the fitting portion has a raised structure.

At the entrances of the two sets of guide grooves, two sets of recesses for engaging the stopper members are provided, and the stopper members engaged with the respective recesses form a part of the box-shaped outer shape. The emergency evacuation box according to claim 1, wherein:

The emergency evacuation box has a pair of pin insertion holes that communicate the two sets of stopper members and the respective distal ends of the pair of side plates interposed between the two sets of stopper members. The emergency evacuation box according to claim 5, wherein a pin member with a head that can be inserted and removed is attached to each of the emergency evacuation boxes.

2. The emergency evacuation box according to claim 1, wherein a table plate having a rectangular or circular shape is attached to the top plate.

The emergency evacuation box has a plurality of pin insertion holes communicating between the table plate and the pair of side plates, and each of the plurality of pin insertion holes is provided with a detachable headed pin member. The emergency evacuation box according to claim 1.

The headed pin member has a male screw portion at a tip end, and the pair of side plates and the front surface portion are each a female screw portion for screwing the male screw portion of the headed pin member into a pin insertion hole of a plate material located at the lowest stage. Wherein the head of the headed pin member abuts on the periphery of the inlet of the pin insertion hole at the screw position of the male screw portion and the female screw portion. The emergency evacuation box according to any one of 8 above.

10. The emergency evacuation box according to claim 9, wherein the headed pin member is a bolt member, and the female screw portion is a nut member embedded in the pin insertion hole.