JP3531051B2 - Garbage processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage disposal device, and more particularly, to a garbage disposal device for composting garbage such as kitchen waste generated in a home kitchen by aerobic fermentation decomposition.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Composting of garbage is accomplished by fermenting and decomposing organic matter in the garbage with the help of microorganisms. In this fermentation, a method of aerobic fermentation decomposition in which oxygen is given to the processed product to ferment is generally adopted, because the fermentation heat obtained during fermentation is large and the generation of a bad odor associated with fermentation is small. ing. In order to promote this aerobic fermentation, it is necessary to prepare an optimal environment for the activity of microorganisms. It is necessary to maintain the water state and supply oxygen necessary for fermentation.

For this reason, the conventional general garbage treatment device supplies not only the treatment tank but also a stirring device for equalizing the condition of the whole treated product put in the treatment tank and oxygen. Ventilation means for adjusting the water condition is also provided. Then, in order to further finish the treated product into high-quality compost, it has been proposed to remove water from the circulating air while circulating the air in the treatment tank.

As such a conventional example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-2
There is one described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 99943. In this conventional example, a circulation path that circulates the internal air is formed in an airtight container into which raw garbage is put, a dehumidifying device is provided in this circulation path to remove moisture in the circulating air, and remove the removed moisture. It is discharged from the drain pipe to the outside.

As another conventional example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-11
There is one described in Japanese Patent No. In this conventional example,
An evaporator for removing water is provided in a circulation path for circulating air in the main body of the processing apparatus, the water is condensed and discharged from the drain passage to the outside of the main body, and a part of the air from which water is removed is heated. After heating through the exhaust pipe, it is exhausted from the exhaust passage to the outside of the main body through the deodorizer. Furthermore, in this conventional example,
A temperature adjusting unit and a humidity adjusting unit for adjusting the temperature and the humidity in the main body are provided to control the environment in the main body to a state suitable for the fermentation process.

[0006]

The above-mentioned conventional example avoids exhausting the air in the processing apparatus directly to the outside of the processing apparatus,
By providing a circulation path that circulates the internal air, it is possible to minimize the leakage of offensive odors generated during the decomposition process to the outside of the device.
In addition, a means for removing moisture of air is provided in the circulation path to dehumidify the inside of the processing tank.

However, in the former example, the air in the airtight container is circulated without exhausting air,
Since the air is not replaced, there is a risk that the inside of the processing tank becomes anaerobic and the generation of foul odors is increased.
Since there is no means for adjusting the operating state of the dehumidifier, there is a problem that the water state in the processing tank cannot be optimally adjusted.

The latter example has a structure in which a drainage passage and an exhaust passage are separately provided for the air circulation passage and a structure in which a heating means and a deodorizer are provided in the exhaust passage, and the device is compact for household use. There is a problem that it is difficult to make such a form.
Furthermore, a temperature adjusting means and a humidity adjusting means are provided in order to control the water condition in the processing tank, but it is too expensive for a household device and difficult to realize in terms of cost. In the control itself, there is a problem that it is difficult to perform the control efficiently because the air humidity is too different when the stirrer is used and when it is stopped.

The present invention was proposed in order to deal with the above-mentioned circumstances, and avoids exhausting the air inside the processing apparatus directly to the outside of the processing apparatus, and provides a circulation path for circulating the internal air. By installing it, it is possible to efficiently control the removal of water in the circulating air while suppressing the leakage of bad odors generated during the decomposition process to the outside of the device as much as possible. As a result, it is intended to be formed inexpensively and compactly.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, the garbage disposal according to the present invention is specified by the following requirements.

[0011]The garbage disposal according to claim 1 of the present invention
Is a processing tank for loading processed materials including food waste and media materials.
And a stirring device for stirring the processed material in the processing tank,
The processed material accumulated in the above treatment tank is decomposed by aerobic fermentation decomposition.
In the garbage treatment equipment for composting by using
Provide an exhaust port and a blow port in the upper space, and from this exhaust port
Return the exhausted air in the processing tank to the processing tank from the inlet
To form an air circulation path, and to circulate in the air circulation path.
Condensate water in the airOperation controllablecoolingMachineProvided
Along with this condensed water, part of the circulating air
Drainage / exhaust passage to dischargeAir circulation from the cooler to the inlet side
Branch from the ring routeIt is characterized by being provided.

[0012] garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the claim
In the garbage disposal according to item 1, the amount of air exhausted from the drainage / exhaust passage is set to 10% or less of the circulating air amount.
It is characterized by being fixed .

[0013] garbage disposal apparatus according to the third aspect, claim
In the garbage disposal apparatus 1 or 2, wherein the operation of the cooling machine and performing in synchronism with the operation of the stirring device.

[0014] garbage disposal apparatus described in claim 4, claim
In 3 garbage disposer according, the elapsed time after the temperature of the heat exchange unit as possible down in the cooler, to start the operation of the stirring device.

[0015]

The garbage disposal apparatus of claim 5, claim
In the food waste processing apparatus according to any one of 1 to 4, the cooling machine uses a Peltier element.

In the garbage disposal according to the first and second aspects, it is possible to avoid exhausting the air inside the processing apparatus directly to the outside of the apparatus and provide an air circulation path for circulating the internal air. By doing so, the odor generated during the decomposition process is prevented from leaking out of the equipment as much as possible, and the operation control cooling in the air circulation path is possible.
In Rukoto provided opportunity, by condensation of the moisture in the circulating air removal
In addition, the ability to remove water from the circulating air can be adjusted.
In order to keep the humidity in the treatment tank in an optimal condition for fermentation.
You can The drainage / exhaust passage, which discharges part of the circulating air together with the condensed water, is located on the inlet side of the cooler.
By branching from the air circulation path , the drainage and the air can be replaced by a single drainage / exhaust passage, and the device can be made compact. Further, by setting the amount of air exhausted from the waste water and exhaust passage than 10% of the circulating air volume, and suppressing odor leakage replaced proper air in the processing tank can be performed.

In the garbage disposal according to the third and fourth aspects, the operation of the cooling means is synchronized with the operation of the stirrer to efficiently remove the water content in the circulating air increased by the stirring. can do. Specifically, the operation start of the stirring device, by performing, after the temperature of the heat exchanger in a state in which the cooling capacity of the cooling machine can be sufficiently exhibited decreased, improve the efficiency of water removal in the circulating air.

[0019]

In the garbage disposal according to the sixth aspect of the present invention , the cooling means is a Peltier element, so that the apparatus can be made compact and the cooling machine can be easily controlled at low cost without using an expensive controller.

[0021]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 (a) and 1 (b) are explanatory views showing the internal structure of the garbage processing apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. In the apparatus casing 10, a processing tank 11 is provided for charging a processed material such as raw garbage to carry out an aerobic fermentation decomposition reaction. The processing tank 11 is a container having excellent corrosion resistance and rigidity,
A heater 12 for obtaining a temperature state suitable for the fermentation reaction and a heat insulating material 13 such as a heat insulating material are provided around it. A loading port lid 19 is provided above the apparatus housing 10, and the loading port lid 19 is opened to load the processed material including the garbage and the medium material into the processing tank 11.

A partition plate 14 is provided in the processing tank 11, and the aging tank 15 is provided in the processing tank 11 by the partition plate 14.
Is partitioned. At the bottom of the aging tank 15, a discharge port 1 for discharging the fermented compost and aged compost.
6 is provided, and a receiving box 18 for taking out the discharged compost is disposed further below.

A stirring device 20 is installed in the processing tank 11. The stirrer 20 includes a rotary shaft 21 whose both ends are axially supported by bearings provided on the side of the processing tank 11, and a plurality of stirrers 20 are arranged in a line in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 21.
The stirring blade 2 protruding in the radial direction of the rotary shaft 21
2 and a transmission mechanism 23 for rotating the rotating shaft 21 in one direction and a stirring motor 24. The transmission mechanism 23 is arranged outside the processing tank 11, and includes the rotating shaft 21 and the stirring motor 2.
Sprocket wheel 23a mounted on the drive shaft of No. 4,
23a and a chain 23b connecting the two, and the stirring motor 24 is used for the processing tank 11 in the apparatus casing 10.
It is fixed to the lower corner.

As a result, the rotating shaft 21 is disposed vertically in the partitioning plate 14 while being horizontally placed in the processing tank 11.
The processing object in the processing tank is agitated by the one-way rotational driving force from the agitation motor 24 as a drive source.

An air circulation device 30 is provided above the processing tank 11. An exhaust port 31 and a blow port 32 are formed in the upper space of the processing tank 11. Then, a fan 36 is attached to the exhaust port 31, and a circulation path 33 through the fan 36 is installed.
One end is connected, and the other end of the circulation path 33 is connected to the blow port 32.
Connected to. Further, the circulation path 33 is provided with a cooler 34 including a Peltier element in the middle of the path. A drainage / exhaust passage 35 is branched from the cooler 34 in the circulation path 33 toward the blow-in port 32.

In this air circulation device 30, the air in the processing tank 11 is guided from the exhaust port 31 into the circulation path 33 by suction by the fan 36, and from the blowing port 32 into the processing tank 11 via this circulation path 33. To return. The circulating air passing through the circulation path 33 is exposed to and cooled by the heat exchange section of the cooler 34 made of a Peltier element, and the moisture contained in the circulating air is condensed in the heat exchange section of the cooler 34. The condensed water and part of the exhaust gas are discharged to the outside together with the drainage / exhaust passage 35. The diameter of the drainage / exhaust passage 35 is set so that the amount of replacement air exhausted is 10% or less of the circulating air.
In order to suppress the leakage of offensive odor and to appropriately replace the air in the processing tank, the amount of replacement air is 10% or less of the circulating air.

The above stirrer 20, a heater 12 provided in the cooler 34, the fan 36 and the processing tank 11, the control unit 40 shown in FIG. 2, the operation is controlled. As shown in the figure, the control circuit 4 as the power supply control means.
2, a power switch 50 and a lid opening / closing interlock switch 5
The on / off signal from the sensor 1 and the detection signal from the outside air temperature detection sensor 41 are fetched.

When the control circuit 42 receives the ON signal from the power switch 50, it supplies the power from the power circuit 43 to the fan driver 45 to drive the fan 36, and also supplies the power to the heater 12. Let On the heater 12 side, when the surface temperature exceeds 50 ° C., the thermostat 52 operates to cut off the power supply from the power supply circuit 43, and when the surface temperature falls below 50 ° C., the power supply is continued.

Further, when the control circuit 42 receives an ON / OFF signal from the lid opening / closing interlocking switch 51 which interlocks with the opening / closing of the opening lid 19, the power from the power supply circuit 43 is supplied to the motor driver 44 and the cooler driver 46. Output a control signal. The lid opening / closing interlock switch 51 is turned on when the closing lid 19 is closed, and is turned off when the closing lid 19 is opened.

Further, the control circuit 42 takes in the detection signal of the outside air temperature from the outside air temperature detection sensor 41 and causes the heater 12 to be supplied with electric power when the detected temperature is 20 ° C. or less, but the detected temperature is 20 ° C. When it exceeds, the power supply to the heater 12 is interrupted.

FIG. 3 is a time chart showing the control operation of the control device 40. As in (a) and (e), when the power switch 50 is turned on or off, the fan 36 and the heater 12 are turned on or off at the same time. (B) shows the on / off state of the lid opening / closing interlocking switch 51. The on state of b1 is the state in which the loading port lid 19 is closed, and the off state of b2 is the loading port lid 19 for loading additional garbage and the like. The open state is shown.

(C) shows the output state of the control signal for supplying the electric power from the power supply circuit 43 to the cooler driver 46. This output is turned on for a predetermined set time c1 at the same time when the lid open / close interlock switch 51 (b) is turned on when the power switch 50 (a) is turned on, and then turned off. Therefore, the cooler 34 is driven during the set time c1, but the set time c1 can be set and changed stepwise, for example, 30 minutes / 60 minutes / 90 minutes. It may be one that can be continuously changed. Further, this output is turned on for a set time c1 every time a predetermined cycle c2 (about 2 hours) while the lid opening / closing interlock switch 51 is on, but the lid opening / closing interlock switch 51 or the power switch 50 is turned off. It turns off.

By using a Peltier element as the cooler 34, the apparatus can be made compact, and moreover, the start and stop of cooling or the setting of the operating time of the cooler 34 can be controlled easily and inexpensively. be able to. By controlling the operating time of the cooler 34 in this way,
The ability to remove water from the circulating air can be adjusted, and the humidity in the treatment tank 11 can be maintained in an optimum state for fermentation treatment.

(D) shows the output state of the control signal for supplying the electric power from the power supply circuit 43 to the motor driver 44. This output is output in synchronization with the output of (c). That is, the operation of the cooler 34 and the operation of the stirring device 20 are performed in synchronization. Here, the output of (d) is turned on for a predetermined time d2 after being delayed by a predetermined time d1 (about 10 minutes) after the output of (c) is turned on. Also, this output is also the lid opening / closing interlock switch 51 or the power switch 5.
It turns off when 0 turns off. Here, the delay time d1 is a time required for the temperature of the heat exchange section in the cooler 34 to completely drop, and after this time has elapsed, the operation of the stirring device 20 is started.

That is, the operation of the cooler 34 is controlled by the stirring device 20.
By synchronizing with the operation of 1, the water content in the circulating air increased by stirring is efficiently removed. Specifically, the operation of the stirring device 20 is started after the temperature of the heat exchanger has dropped to a state where the cooling capacity of the cooler 34 can be sufficiently exerted, so that the efficiency of removing water in the circulating air is improved. Is.

Next, a usage pattern of the above-mentioned embodiment will be described. The charging port lid 19 is opened, and medium materials such as sawdust and rice husks are charged into the processing tank 11 until the rotary shaft 21 is hidden and the upward stirring blade 22 is hidden by about half. Microorganisms responsible for aerobic fermentative decomposition naturally exist in the media and garbage as well, but in order to perform aerobic fermentative decomposition from the beginning, the garbage treatment equipment At the time of first use, it is desirable to positively add an appropriate amount of commercially available microorganisms.

In this state, by closing the inlet cover 19 and turning on the power switch 50, the fan 3 of the air circulating device 30 is closed.
6 is activated, and power is also supplied to the heater 12 to complete the preparation. However, power is supplied to the heater 12 when the outside air temperature is 20 ° C. or lower.

When the charging port lid 19 is closed, in the garbage processing device, the following stirring process by the stirring device 20 and the removal of water in the circulating air by the operation of the cooler 34 are automatically performed intermittently.

That is, when the closing lid 19 is closed,
The lid opening / closing interlock switch 51 is turned on, and at the same time, the cooler 34 is operated. The cooler 34 is intermittently operated for a set time in a predetermined operation cycle (about 2 hours). After the temperature of the heat exchanger is lowered to a state in which the cooling capacity of the cooler 34 can be sufficiently exerted due to a delay of a predetermined time (about 10 minutes) from the start of operation of the cooler 34, the stirring motor 24 is operated for a predetermined time (about Power is supplied for about 3 minutes), and the stirring blade 42 is rotationally driven at, for example, 5 rpm. By the operation of the agitator 20, the input garbage is well agitated with the medium material and the microorganisms, and the air can be sent into the treated material. By the agitation treatment, the circulating air circulated by the air circulation device 30 is circulated. The amount of water in it rises sharply.

When this high-humidity circulating air is exposed to the heat exchanger of the cooler 34, the temperature of which is sufficiently lowered, dew condensation occurs in the heat exchanger, and the moisture in the circulating air is removed, so that the treatment tank 11 is treated. Decrease the air humidity inside. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing changes in the humidity of the circulating air during processing. It is shown that the humidity of the circulating air increased by stirring is surely lowered by passing it through the cooler 34. The condensed water and part of the exhaust gas are discharged to the outside together with the drainage / exhaust passage 35.

During processing, the outside air temperature is detected by the outside air temperature detection sensor 41, and when the detected temperature is 20 ° C. or less, electric power is supplied to the heater 12 to increase the temperature inside the processing tank 11. As a result, the fermentation of the processed product is promoted. On the other hand, when the detected temperature exceeds 20 ° C., the power supply to the heater 12 is interrupted, but the treatment tank 11
Since the internal temperature is raised to the outside temperature, the fermentation of the processed product is promoted without the need for heating by the heater 12.

When the next raw dust is generated, the above-mentioned raw dust input operation is repeated again, but at this time, the operation of the cooler 34 and the stirring motor 24 is stopped by opening the input port lid 19. Then, by closing the charging port lid 19, the stirring process by the stirring device 20 and the removal of water in the circulating air by the operation of the cooler 34 are also performed. When the number of days elapses while repeating such operations and treatments, the raw garbage is decomposed by aerobic fermentation in the order of old to become a compost of a fraction to a few tenths. Collect at the bottom of the processing tank 11.

When several kilograms of the processed material are successively charged into the processing tank 11 per day and the load in the processing tank 11 increases, the processed material in which the fermentation process has progressed becomes the stirring blade 22. It overflows beyond the notch 14a of the partition plate 14 formed on the descending side, and is transferred to the aging tank 15 partitioned by the partition plate 14. In the ripening tank 15, the processed products that have undergone the fermentation process are sequentially accumulated to form high-quality compost having a high ripening degree. Then, the compost is discharged from a discharge port 16 provided below the aging tank 15 into a receiving box 18 arranged below the discharge port 16.

FIG. 5 shows a change in water content of the processed material in the processing tank 11 using the garbage processing apparatus of the above-mentioned embodiment. Here, the stirring is performed in a 2-hour cycle (c2) for 3 minutes (d
2) In this example, the cooling machine 34 is operated for 60 minutes (c1) in synchronism with stirring, and 1 kg of garbage is added every day. It is shown that the water removal function of the example changes the water content of the processed product within an appropriate range. In addition, by changing and controlling the operating time of the cooler 34, it is possible to maintain the water content of the processed material at a desired value.

[0045]

Since the present invention is constructed as described above,
The following effects are achieved. (1) By avoiding exhausting the air inside the processing device directly to the outside of the device and providing an air circulation path for circulating the internal air, it is possible to prevent the malodor generated during the decomposition process from leaking out of the device. minimized, and in Rukoto in the air circulation path is provided an operating controllable cooling <br/> retirement machine, removed by condensation of the moisture in the circulating air, moreover, control the water removal capacity from the circulating air Possible
As a result, the humidity in the treatment tank can be kept in an optimum state for the fermentation treatment . (2) Is the drainage / exhaust passage that discharges part of the circulating air together with the condensed moisture an air circulation path on the inlet side of the cooler?
By branching from one to the other , the drainage and the air can be replaced by a single drainage / exhaust passage, and the device can be made compact. Further, by setting the amount of air exhausted from the waste water and exhaust passage than 10% of the circulating air volume, and suppressing odor leakage replaced proper air in the processing tank can be performed. (3) By synchronizing the operation of the cooler with the operation of the stirrer, it is possible to efficiently remove the water content in the circulating air increased by the stirring. (4) a cooling machine as a Peltier device, easily to allow control of the chiller without using an expensive control unit with downsized equipment.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a garbage processing device according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a control device in the garbage processing device of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a time chart showing the operation of the control device in the garbage processing device of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing changes in humidity of circulating air during processing in the garbage processing device of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a change in water content of a processed product using the garbage processing device of the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 device housing 11 processing tank 12 heater 13 Thermal insulation 14 partition boards 15 aging tank 16 outlet 17 aperture plate 18 Inbox 19 Input lid 20 Stirrer 21 rotation axis 22 Stirring blade 23 Transmission mechanism 24 stirring motor 30 Air circulation device 31 exhaust port 32 Inlet 33 circuit 34 Cooler 35 Drainage / exhaust passage 36 fans 40 control device

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A treatment tank for introducing a treatment product containing garbage and a medium material, and a stirrer for stirring the treatment product in the treatment tank, and aerobically treats the treatment product accumulated in the treatment tank. In the garbage treatment device that composts by fermentation decomposition, an exhaust port and a blow port are provided in the space above the treatment tank, and the air in the treatment tank exhausted from this exhaust port is returned from the blow port to the treatment tank. the air circulation path formed to, in the air circulation path, the water together with the to-condensing providing operating controllable <br/> cooler in the circulation air, a portion of the circulating air with this condensed moisture Blow the drainage and exhaust passages from the cooler
A garbage processing device, which is provided by branching from the air circulation path on the mouth side . 2. The amount of air exhausted from the drainage / exhaust passage is set to 10% or less of the circulating air amount.
The garbage disposal according to claim 1, which is characterized in that . 3. The garbage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the operation of the cooling machine is performed in synchronization with the operation of the stirring device. 4. The garbage treatment device according to claim 3, wherein the operation of the stirring device is started after a lapse of time when the temperature of the heat exchanging portion of the cooling machine has completely dropped. Wherein the cooling machine, garbage disposal apparatus of any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that utilizes a Peltier element.