JPH11244827A - Garbage disposer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently control the removal of moisture in a circulating air and to inexpensively and compactly form as a household device. SOLUTION: Malodor generated at the time of decomposition is prevented from leaking outside the device to the utmost by avoiding exhausting air in a disposing device directly outside the device and providing an air circulating device 30 for circulating the inside air and the moisture in the circulating air is condensed into dew to be removed by providing a cooler 34 in the air circulating device 30. Then, the replacement of discharged water and the air is executed through a single water discharging and exhausting passage 31 by providing a water discharging and exhausting passage 35 for discharging a part of the circulating air with the condensed water to make the device compact. Further, the leakage of malodor is suppressed and the adequate replacement of the air in the disposing vessel is carried out by adjusting the quantity of the air to be discharged from the water and air discharging passage to <=10% of the quantity of the circulating air. Furthermore the removal of moisture is executed efficiently by synchronizing the operation of a stirring device 20 and the cooler 34.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage processing apparatus, and more particularly to a garbage processing apparatus for composting garbage such as garbage generated in a home kitchen by aerobic fermentation decomposition.

[0002]

BACKGROUND ART Composting of garbage is achieved by fermenting and decomposing organic matter in the garbage with the aid of microorganisms. In this fermentation, an aerobic fermentation decomposition method is generally employed in which fermentation is performed by giving oxygen to the processed material, because of the advantages such as high fermentation heat obtained during fermentation and little generation of malodor accompanying fermentation. ing. In order to promote this aerobic fermentation, it is necessary to prepare an optimum environment for the activity of microorganisms. It is necessary to maintain the water state and the like and supply oxygen necessary for fermentation.

[0003] For this purpose, a conventional general garbage disposal apparatus includes, in addition to a processing tank, a stirrer for uniforming the state of the whole processed material put in the processing tank, and a supply of oxygen. It is provided with ventilation means for adjusting the moisture condition. Further, in order to finish the processed product into high-quality compost (compost), there has been proposed a device that removes the moisture of the circulating air while circulating the air in the processing tank.

[0004] Such a conventional example is disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No.
There is one described in Japanese Patent Application No. 99943. In this conventional example, a circulation path for circulating the internal air is formed with respect to an airtight container into which garbage is put, and a dehumidifier is provided in the circulation path to remove moisture in the circulation air. It is released from the drain pipe to the outside.

Another conventional example is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-11 / 1991.
No. 12 discloses this. In this conventional example,
An evaporator for removing water is provided in a circulation path for circulating air in the processing apparatus main body, the water is condensed and discharged from the drain passage to the outside of the main body, and a part of the air from which the water has been removed is heated. After being heated via the deodorizer, the air is exhausted from the exhaust passage to the outside of the main body. Furthermore, in this conventional example,
A temperature adjusting means and a humidity adjusting means for adjusting the temperature and humidity in the main body are provided to control the environment in the main body to a state suitable for fermentation treatment.

[0006]

In the above-mentioned conventional example, the air in the processing apparatus is prevented from being directly exhausted to the outside of the apparatus.
By providing a circulation path that circulates the internal air, the odor generated during the decomposition process is minimized from leaking out of the device,
Further, a means for removing moisture in the air is provided in the circulation path to achieve dehumidification in the processing tank.

However, in the former example, the air in the airtight container is circulated without exhausting air.
Since the air is not replaced, the inside of the treatment tank becomes anaerobic, which may increase the generation of foul odors.
Since there is no means for adjusting the operation state of the dehumidifier, there is a problem that the water state in the processing tank cannot be adjusted optimally.

In the latter example, a structure is provided in which a drain passage and an exhaust passage are separately provided for the air circulation path, and a structure in which a heating means and a deodorizer are provided in the exhaust passage. There is a problem that it is difficult to make it in any form.
Furthermore, in order to control the moisture state in the processing tank, a temperature adjusting means and a humidity adjusting means are provided. However, it is too expensive for a home-use apparatus, and it is difficult to realize in terms of cost. Control itself has a problem that it is difficult to perform the control efficiently because there is too much difference in the air humidity between when the stirring device is used and when the stirring device is stopped.

The present invention has been proposed in order to cope with the above-mentioned situation, and avoids the direct exhaust of the air inside the processing apparatus to the outside of the processing apparatus, and provides a circulation path for circulating the internal air. With this arrangement, it is possible to efficiently control the removal of water from the circulating air while minimizing the leakage of the malodor generated during the decomposition treatment to the outside of the apparatus. It is intended to be formed inexpensively and compactly.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, a garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention is specified by the following requirements.

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a processing tank for charging a processed material containing garbage and a medium, and a stirrer for stirring the processed material in the processing tank, wherein the processed material deposited in the processing tank is provided. In the garbage processing apparatus for composting by aerobic fermentation decomposition, an exhaust port and a blow port are provided in the space above the processing tank, and the air in the processing tank exhausted from the exhaust port is processed from the blow port. Form an air circulation path returning to the tank,
In the air circulation path, cooling means for dew condensation of moisture in the circulating air is provided, and a drainage / exhaust passage for discharging a part of the circulating air together with the dew moisture is provided.

As a second invention, in the garbage disposal apparatus of the first invention, the amount of air exhausted from the drainage / exhaust passage is set to 10% or less of the circulating air amount.

According to a third aspect, in the garbage disposal apparatus according to the first or second aspect, the operation of the cooling means is performed in synchronization with the operation of the stirring device.

According to a fourth aspect, in the garbage disposal apparatus according to the third aspect, the operation of the stirring device is started after a lapse of time when the temperature of the heat exchange section in the cooling means has been reduced.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the garbage disposal apparatus according to the third or fourth aspect, by controlling the operation time of the cooling means, the ability to remove water from the circulating air can be adjusted.

According to a sixth invention, in any one of the first to fifth inventions, the cooling means utilizes a Peltier element.

In the first and second aspects of the present invention, the air in the processing apparatus is prevented from being directly exhausted to the outside of the apparatus, and the air circulation path for circulating the internal air is provided. Is minimized from leaking out of the apparatus, and a cooling means is provided in the air circulation path to condense and remove moisture in the circulating air. By providing a drain / exhaust passage for discharging a part of the circulating air together with the condensed moisture, the drain and air are exchanged in a single drain / exhaust passage, and the device is made compact. Further, by controlling the amount of air exhausted from the drainage / exhaust passage to 10% or less of the amount of circulating air, it is possible to suppress the leakage of offensive odors and to appropriately replace the air in the treatment tank.

In the third and fourth aspects of the present invention, the operation of the cooling means is synchronized with the operation of the stirring device, whereby the water in the circulating air increased by the stirring can be efficiently removed. Specifically, by starting the operation of the stirrer after the temperature of the heat exchanger has been lowered to a state where the cooling capacity of the cooling means can be sufficiently exhibited, the efficiency of removing moisture from the circulating air is improved.

According to the fifth aspect of the invention, by controlling the operation time of the cooling means, the ability to remove water from the circulating air can be adjusted, and the humidity in the processing tank is maintained at an optimum state for fermentation.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the cooling means is a Peltier element, so that the size of the apparatus can be reduced and the cooling means can be easily controlled at low cost without using an expensive control device.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1A and 1B are explanatory views showing the internal structure of a garbage disposal apparatus according to one embodiment of the present invention. In the apparatus housing 10, a processing tank 11 for supplying a processed material such as garbage to cause an aerobic fermentation decomposition reaction is provided. The processing tank 11 is a container having excellent corrosion resistance and rigidity.
Around it, a heater 12 for obtaining a temperature state suitable for the fermentation reaction and a heat insulating material 13 such as a heat insulating material are provided. A charging port lid 19 is provided above the apparatus housing 10. The charging port lid 19 is opened, and a processed material including garbage and a medium material is charged into the processing tank 11.

A partition plate 14 is provided in the processing tank 11.
Is partitioned. An outlet 1 for discharging compost aged by fermentation treatment is provided at a lower portion of the aging tank 15.
6 is provided, and a receiving box 18 for taking out the discharged compost is further disposed below the receiving box 6.

The processing tank 11 is provided with a stirrer 20. The stirrer 20 is provided with a rotating shaft 21 whose both ends are supported by bearings provided on the side of the processing tank 11, and a plurality of stirring devices 20 arranged in the axial (axial) direction of the rotating shaft 21.
The stirring blade 2 protruding in the radial (radial) direction of the rotating shaft 21
2, a transmission mechanism 23 for rotating the rotating shaft 21 in one direction, and a stirring motor 24. The transmission mechanism 23 is disposed outside the processing tank 11, and includes the rotating shaft 21 and the stirring motor 2.
4, a sprocket wheel 23a mounted on the drive shaft,
The stirring motor 24 is provided with a processing tank 11 in the apparatus housing 10.
It is fixed to the lower corner.

Thus, the rotating shaft 21 is disposed vertically on the partition plate 14 in a state where the rotating shaft 21 is placed horizontally in the processing tank 11.
The processing object in the processing tank is agitated by a one-way rotational driving force from a stirring motor 24 as a driving source.

An air circulation device 30 is provided above the processing tank 11. An exhaust port 31 and a blowing port 32 are formed in a space above the processing tank 11. Then, a fan 36 is attached to the exhaust port 31, and a circulation path 33 through the fan 36 is provided.
Is connected to the other end, and the other end of the
Connected to. The circulation path 33 is provided with a cooler 34 composed of a Peltier element in the middle of the path. A drain / exhaust passage 35 branches off from the cooler 34 in the circulation passage 33 to the blow-in port 32 side.

In the air circulating device 30, the air in the processing tank 11 is guided from the exhaust port 31 into the circulation path 33 by suction by the fan 36, and is introduced from the blowing port 32 into the processing tank 11 through the circulation path 33. Let me return. The circulating air passing through the circulation path 33 is exposed to the heat exchange part of the cooler 34 composed of a Peltier element and is cooled, and the moisture contained in the circulating air is condensed in the heat exchange part of the cooler 34. Part of the condensed water and the exhaust is discharged to the outside together from the drain / exhaust passage 35. The passage diameter of the drain / exhaust passage 35 is set so that the amount of exchanged air to be exhausted is 10% or less of the circulating air.
In order to suppress the leakage of offensive odors and to appropriately replace the air in the processing tank, the replacement air amount is sufficient to be 10% or less of the circulating air.

The above-described stirring device 20, cooling device 34, fan 36 and heater 12 provided in the processing tank 11 are shown in FIG.
The operation is controlled by the control device 40 shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, an on / off signal from a power switch 50 and a lid opening / closing interlocking switch 51 and a detection signal from an outside air temperature detection sensor 41 are taken into a control circuit 42 as power supply control means.

When the control circuit 42 receives the ON signal from the power switch 50, the control circuit 42 supplies the power from the power circuit 43 to the fan driver 45 to drive the fan 36 and also supplies the power to the heater 12. Let On the heater 12 side, when the surface temperature exceeds 50 ° C., the thermostat 52 operates to cut off the power supply from the power supply circuit 43, and when the surface temperature falls below 50 ° C., the power supply is continued.

When the control circuit 42 receives an on / off signal from the lid opening / closing interlocking switch 51 that is interlocked with the opening and closing of the opening lid 19, the control circuit 42 supplies the electric power from the power supply circuit 43 to the motor driver 44 and the cooler driver 46. Output a control signal. The lid opening / closing interlocking switch 51 is turned on when the input lid 19 is closed, and is turned off when the input lid 19 is opened.

The control circuit 42 takes in a detection signal of the outside air temperature from the outside air temperature detection sensor 41 and, when the detected temperature is lower than 20 ° C., supplies power to the heater 12. Is exceeded, the power supply to the heater 12 is interrupted.

FIG. 3 is a time chart showing the control operation of the control device 40 described above. As shown in (a) and (e), when the power switch 50 is turned on or off, the fan 36 and the heater 12 are simultaneously turned on or off. (B) shows the on / off state of the lid opening / closing interlocking switch 51. The on state of b1 is a state in which the insertion cover 19 is closed, and the off state of b2 is a state in which the insertion cover 19 is used for adding additional garbage and the like. It shows a state in which it is open.

FIG. 3C shows the output state of a control signal for supplying electric power from the power supply circuit 43 to the cooler driver 46. When the power switch 50 (a) is turned on, this output is turned on for a predetermined set time c1 at the same time as the lid opening / closing interlocking switch 51 (b) is turned on, and then turned off. Therefore, the cooler 34 is driven during the set time c1, but the set time c1 can be changed, for example, 30 minutes / 60 minutes / 90 minutes. It may be one that can change the time continuously. This output is turned on for a set time c1 every predetermined cycle c2 (about 2 hours) while the lid opening / closing interlocking switch 51 is on, but when the lid opening / closing interlocking switch 51 or the power switch 50 is turned off. When it is turned off.

By using a Peltier element as the cooler 34, the apparatus can be made compact, and the start and stop of the cooling or the setting of the operation time of the cooler 34 can be easily and inexpensively controlled. be able to. By controlling the operation time of the cooler 34 in this manner,
The ability to remove water from the circulating air can be adjusted, and the humidity in the treatment tank 11 can be kept at an optimum state for the fermentation treatment.

FIG. 3D shows the output state of a control signal for supplying power from the power supply circuit 43 to the motor driver 44. This output is output in synchronization with the output of (c). That is, the operation of the cooler 34 and the operation of the stirring device 20 are performed in synchronization. Here, the output of (d) is turned on for a predetermined time d2 after a delay of a predetermined time d1 (about 10 minutes) after the output of (c) is turned on. This output is also provided by the lid opening / closing interlock switch 51 or the power switch 5
When 0 turns off, it turns off. Here, the delay time d1 is a time required for the temperature of the heat exchange unit in the cooler 34 to completely decrease, and the operation of the stirring device 20 is started after the elapse of this time.

That is, the operation of the cooler 34 is controlled by the stirring device 20.
By synchronizing with the operation of the above, the water in the circulating air increased by the stirring is efficiently removed. Specifically, the operation of the stirrer 20 is started after the temperature of the heat exchanger has been lowered to a state where the cooling capacity of the cooler 34 can be sufficiently exhibited, thereby improving the efficiency of removing moisture from the circulating air. It is.

Next, the usage of the above embodiment will be described. The charging port 19 is opened, and a medium material such as sawdust or rice husk is charged into the processing tank 11 until the rotating shaft 21 is hidden and the upward stirring blade 22 is hidden about half. Microorganisms responsible for aerobic fermentation and decomposition are naturally attached to medium materials and garbage, but from the beginning of the garbage introduction, the garbage disposal equipment At the time of the first use, it is desirable to positively supply a suitable amount of a commercially available microorganism.

In this state, if the closing lid 19 is closed and the power switch 50 is turned on, the fan 3 of the air circulation device 30
6 is operated, and power is also supplied to the heater 12 to complete the preparation. However, power is supplied to the heater 12 when the outside air temperature is 20 ° C. or less.

When the charging lid 19 is closed, the garbage disposal apparatus automatically and intermittently performs the following agitation processing by the agitator 20 and the removal of water in the circulating air by the operation of the cooler 34.

That is, when the charging lid 19 is closed,
The lid opening / closing interlock switch 51 is turned on, and at the same time, the cooler 34 is operated. The cooler 34 is operated intermittently for a set time in a predetermined operation cycle (about 2 hours). Then, after a delay of a predetermined time (about 10 minutes) from the start of the operation of the cooler 34, the temperature of the heat exchanger is reduced to a state where the cooling capacity of the cooler 34 can be sufficiently exhibited, and then the stirring motor 24 is supplied to the stirring motor 24 for a predetermined time (about 10 minutes). (About 3 minutes), and the stirring blade 42 is driven to rotate at, for example, 5 rpm. By the operation of the stirring device 20, the input garbage is well stirred with the medium material and the microorganisms, and air can be sent into the processed material. The circulating air circulated in the air circulation device 30 by the stirring process The amount of water inside rises sharply.

When the high-humidity circulating air is exposed to the heat exchanger of the cooler 34 whose temperature has sufficiently decreased, dew condensation occurs in the heat exchanger, and the moisture in the circulating air is removed. Decrease the air humidity inside. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a change in humidity of circulating air during processing. This indicates that the humidity of the circulating air that has risen due to the agitation is reliably reduced by passing through the cooler 34. Part of the condensed water and the exhaust is discharged to the outside together from the drain / exhaust passage 35.

During processing, the outside air temperature is detected by the outside air temperature detection sensor 41. When the detected temperature is lower than 20 ° C., power is supplied to the heater 12, and the temperature inside the processing tank 11 is increased. As a result, the fermentation of the processed product is promoted. On the other hand, when the detected temperature exceeds 20 ° C., the power supply to the heater 12 is interrupted.
Since the internal temperature is raised to about the outside air temperature, the fermentation of the processed product is promoted without the need for heating by the heater 12.

When the next garbage comes out, the above-mentioned garbage charging operation is repeated again, but at this time, the operation of the cooler 34 and the stirring motor 24 is stopped by opening the charging lid 19. Then, by closing the charging port lid 19, the above-described stirring process by the stirring device 20 and the removal of water in the circulating air by the operation of the cooler 34 are also performed. After repeating these operations and treatments, the garbage will be decomposed by aerobic fermentation in the order of the oldest and become compost (compost) of about one to several tens of times. It collects at the bottom of the processing tank 11.

Further, when several kilograms of the processed material are sequentially put into the processing tank 11 per day and the load in the processing tank 11 increases, the processed material after the fermentation process is It overflows beyond the notch 14a of the partition plate 14 formed on the descending side, and is transferred to the aging tank 15 defined by the partition plate 14. In the aging tank 15, the processed products that have undergone the fermentation treatment are sequentially deposited, and high-quality compost with a high degree of aging is formed. Then, the compost is discharged from a discharge port 16 provided below the ripening tank 15 to a receiving box 18 disposed below the same.

FIG. 5 shows a change in water content of the processed material in the processing tank 11 using the garbage processing apparatus of the above embodiment. Here, stirring is performed for 2 minutes (c2) for 3 minutes (d
2) This is an example in which the cooler 34 is operated for 60 minutes (c1) in synchronization with the stirring and 1 kg of garbage is thrown in every day. This indicates that the water content of the processed material is changed within an appropriate range by the water removal function of the embodiment. Further, by changing and controlling the operation time of the cooler 34, the moisture state of the processed product can be maintained at a desired value.

[0045]

Since the present invention is configured as described above,
The following effects are obtained. (1) By avoiding direct exhaust of the air inside the processing equipment to the outside of the equipment and by providing an air circulation path for circulating the internal air, it is possible to prevent the odor generated during the decomposition treatment from leaking out of the equipment. It is possible to dehumidify the inside of the processing tank by suppressing as much as possible and providing a cooling means in the air circulation path to condense and remove moisture in the circulating air. (2) By providing a drain / exhaust passage that discharges part of the circulating air together with the condensed moisture, the drain and air can be exchanged in a single drain / exhaust passage, and the device can be made more compact. it can. Further, by controlling the amount of air exhausted from the drainage / exhaust passage to 10% or less of the amount of circulating air, it is possible to suppress the leakage of offensive odors and to appropriately replace the air in the treatment tank. (3) By synchronizing the operation of the cooling means with the operation of the stirrer, the water in the circulating air increased by the stirring can be efficiently removed. (4) By controlling the operation time of the cooling means, the ability to remove water from the circulating air can be adjusted, and the humidity in the treatment tank can be kept in an optimal state for the fermentation treatment. (5) By using the cooling means as a Peltier element, the size of the apparatus can be reduced and the cooling means can be easily controlled without using an expensive control device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a garbage processing apparatus according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a control device in the garbage processing apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a time chart illustrating an operation of a control device in the garbage processing apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a change in humidity of circulating air during processing in the garbage processing apparatus of the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a change in water content of a processed material using the garbage processing apparatus of the embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Device housing 11 Processing tank 12 Heater 13 Heat insulating material 14 Partition plate 15 Ripening tank 16 Discharge port 17 Open hole plate 18 Receiving box 19 Input port cover 20 Stirrer 21 Rotary shaft 22 Stirrer blade 23 Transmission mechanism 24 Stirrer motor 30 Air circulation device 31 exhaust port 32 blow-in port 33 circulation path 34 cooler 35 drainage / exhaust path 36 fan 40 control device

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A processing tank for charging a processing object containing garbage and a medium material, and a stirrer for stirring the processing object in the processing tank, wherein the processing object deposited in the processing tank is aerobic. In the garbage processing device that is composted by fermentation decomposition, an exhaust port and a blowing port are provided in the space above the processing tank, and the air in the processing tank exhausted from the exhaust port is returned to the processing tank from the blowing port. A cooling means for condensing moisture in the circulating air, and a drain / exhaust passage for discharging a part of the circulating air together with the condensed water. Garbage disposal equipment characterized by the following. 2. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the amount of air exhausted from the drainage / exhaust passage is 10% or less of the amount of circulating air. 3. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the operation of the cooling unit is performed in synchronization with the operation of the stirring device. 4. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the operation of the stirring device is started after a lapse of time when the temperature of the heat exchange section in the cooling means has completely decreased. 5. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the ability to remove water from the circulating air can be adjusted by controlling the operation time of the cooling means. 6. The garbage disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said cooling means uses a Peltier element.