JP3530105B2 - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a crusher and a crushing method for crushing industrial waste such as motors and compressors.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a crusher for crushing resin products, empty cans and the like, a rotary blade type having a rotary blade provided with a cutting edge on the outer periphery has been mainly used. As such a rotary blade type crusher, generally, a uniaxial crusher for crushing an object to be crushed between a rotary blade supported by a shaft and a fixed blade provided around the rotary blade, A multi-axis crusher or the like having a plurality of rotary blades and crushing an object to be crushed between the rotary blades is used.

On the other hand, although the disposal of industrial waste has been regarded as a problem from the past, there is no room for landfill in the coastal areas where the industrial waste has been buried until now. Recently, landfill of industrial waste in gravel holes in plains, valleys in mountains, agricultural ponds and abandoned mines has increased rapidly. In addition, since the amount of illegal dumping has increased to a considerable extent, the treatment of industrial waste has become a social problem in recent years.

Further, among the industrial wastes currently disposed of, there are many that can be recovered as resources. Therefore, with increasing environmental awareness in recent years, there is an urgent need to establish a technology for recovering and using resources from industrial waste in order to establish a resource recycling society in which resources are effectively recycled and to protect the global environment.

[0005]

Here, in order to recover and utilize industrial waste, it is first necessary to finely pulverize the waste. However, for example, for products made by complicatedly intertwining parts of multiple types of materials with different mechanical properties such as hardness and toughness such as compressors and motors used in refrigerators and coolers, conventional rotary blade type It could not be crushed with the crusher.
Therefore, such a product is, until now, actually disposed of by the method such as the above-mentioned filling or open-packing. On the other hand, it is a fact that the above products contain a lot of substances that can be recovered as resources such as copper and aluminum. Since these resources are recovered and used, a crusher that can efficiently crush industrial waste, etc. Was strongly desired.

The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a crusher capable of efficiently crushing industrial waste and the like.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, the crusher of the present invention has a fixed blade facing each other at a predetermined interval so as to gradually narrow toward one end, and a relative surface of the fixed blade. A plurality of cutting blades formed on the surface and a pushing member that pushes the object to be crushed between the fixed blades by advancing toward the one end between the fixed blades, and the pushing member is centered on the rotation axis. The gist is that the fixed blade is provided along the rotational direction of the pushing member while being rotated.

That is, the crusher of the present invention comprises a fixed blade facing each other at a predetermined interval so as to gradually narrow toward one end, and a plurality of cutting blades formed on the surfaces of the fixed blade facing each other. , A pushing member that pushes the object to be crushed between the fixed blades by advancing toward the one end between the fixed blades. Therefore, the object to be crushed pushed between the fixed blades by the pushing member is effectively cut and crushed by the plurality of cutting blades formed on the fixed blades whose intervals gradually narrow toward one end. Then, the crushed object is discharged from the one end opening of the fixed blade. For example, even a structure including hard parts such as a compressor and a motor can be effectively cut by a plurality of cutting blades formed on the surface of a fixed blade, and the load applied to the cutting blade is also the conventional rotary blade. Compared with a crusher, it is significantly reduced and the sharpness can be maintained for a long time. In this way, it becomes possible to effectively crush industrial waste and the like that could not be sufficiently crushed by the conventional crusher.

Further, in the crusher of the present invention, the pushing member is adapted to rotate about the rotary shaft, and the fixed blade is provided along the rotation direction of the pushing member. Therefore, it is possible to continuously perform the crushing process by charging the object to be crushed according to the rotation of the pushing member. Further, since the pushing member is rotated, the size of the apparatus itself can be reduced as compared with, for example, the case where the pushing member is reciprocated, energy loss is reduced, and safety is improved. Further, since the crushed object is gradually put into the fixed blade by the rotating pushing member, the impact applied to the cutting edge of the fixed blade at the time of putting the crushed object is small and damage to the cutting edge is prevented.

In the crusher of the present invention, when the pushing member is formed in a plate shape having a thickness smaller than the opening interval at the one end opening of the fixed blade, the object to be crushed is effectively held between the fixed blades. It can be pressed and crushed. Also,
The crushed object can be pushed out from one end opening of the fixed blade and smoothly discharged.

In the crusher of the present invention, the pushing member is formed in a substantially disc shape that rotates about a rotation axis, and a plurality of pushing portions are formed in the peripheral portion of the disc-shaped pushing member. In this case, the object to be crushed can be efficiently and continuously crushed by the plurality of pushing portions.

In the crusher of the present invention, in the case where the opening of the fixed blade on the entrance side of the pushing member is provided with a hopper capable of continuously feeding the object to be crushed, the object to be crushed is automatically continuously connected. It can be charged, and the object to be crushed can be crushed more efficiently.

In the crusher of the present invention, when the direction changing member for contacting the crushed object and changing the direction of the crushed object is provided on the opposite side of the pressing members of the fixed blades from the rotating shafts. Since the object to be crushed that is trying to stay in one place is pushed into the cutting edge while changing the direction between the fixed blades, the object to be crushed can be extremely effectively crushed.

In the present invention, the term "plate-shaped" is intended to include a combination of a plurality of members as long as it is plate-shaped as a whole.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

1 and 2 are views showing an embodiment of a crusher of the present invention. This blade has a fixed blade 1 in which a groove 3 gradually narrowing downward is formed, and the groove 3
And a pushing member 5 that is housed inside and rotates about a rotation shaft 9. The fixed blade 1 is formed in a substantially C shape in a side view so as to be along the rotation direction of the pushing member 5.

The fixed blade 1 is formed in a substantially C-shape in a side view as a whole, and a groove 3 extending from the C-shaped upper end surface to the lower end surface is formed on the inner surface thereof. Groove 3 above
As shown in FIG. 3, each of the cutting edges 2 is formed so as to gradually narrow from the upper end surface toward the lower end surface, and a plurality of cutting blades 2 are provided on the surfaces facing each other with a gradually narrowing interval. There is.

In the groove 3 of the fixed blade 1, the rotary shaft 9
On the inner peripheral surface on the opposite side, the direction changing projections 13 that come into contact with the crushed object and change the direction of the crushed object are provided in a staggered manner.

On the other hand, the pushing member 5 is the fixed blade 1
Is formed in a substantially disc shape to be accommodated in the groove 3 of the L-shaped notch 10 at a plurality of locations (four locations in this example) on the circumference.
Is formed, and the surface of the notch 10 facing the rotation direction is
It is formed in the push-in portion 11 for pushing in the object to be crushed. The thickness of the pushing member 5 is set to be smaller than the opening interval in the opening of the lower end surface of the fixed blade 1.

The crusher includes a pushing member 5 for the fixed blade 1.
A hopper 12 for continuously feeding the crushed material is provided at a portion of the upper opening 7 through which the crushed material enters. As a result, the material to be ground can be automatically and continuously charged, and the material to be ground can be ground more efficiently. Further, below the lower openings 6 of both the fixed blades 1, a conveyor 4 for taking out the crushed material discharged from the lower openings 6 is arranged.

The pushing member 5 is housed in the groove 3 of the fixed blade 1 (see FIG. 2) and rotates from the wide side of the groove 3 toward the narrow side. Then, as the pressing portion 11 of the pressing member 5 advances in the groove 3 that gradually narrows from the upper opening 7 of the C-shaped fixed blade 1 toward the lower opening 6, the notch 1 of the pressing member 5 is formed.
The object to be crushed put in the 0 part enters the groove 3 through the upper opening 7 of the C-shaped fixed blade 1.

The object to be crushed is effectively pushed by the cutting blade 2 while being pushed by the pushing portion 11 of the pushing member 5 in the groove 3 whose width gradually narrows from the upper opening 7 to the lower opening 6. It is cut and crushed. At this time, the crushed object catches on the direction-changing protrusion 13 formed on the inner surface of the groove 3 to change the direction when being pushed into the groove 3, so that the crushed object to be retained in one place While the direction is changed, the bite is bitten into the cutting edge 2 and pushed in, so that the material to be ground can be ground very effectively.

The notch 1 of the rotating pushing member 5
The objects to be crushed are successively fed from the hopper 12 to 0, and the crushing process is continuously carried out. At this time, since the object to be crushed is gradually put into the fixed blade 1 by the rotating pushing member 5, the impact applied to the cutting edge 2 of the fixed blade 1 at the time of putting the object to be crushed is small and damage to the cutting edge 2 is prevented. To be done. The crushed object is discharged from the lower opening 6 of the fixed blade 1 and taken out by the conveyor 4.

In the above crusher, the fixed blade 1 is made up of the pushing member 5.
The object to be crushed pushed into the groove 3 is effectively cut and crushed by the plurality of cutting blades 2 formed on the inner surface of the groove 3 whose interval is gradually narrowed toward the lower opening 6. Then, for example, even in the case of a structure including hard parts such as a compressor and a motor, a plurality of cutting blades 2 formed in the fixed blade 1
The cutting load can be effectively cut, and the load applied to the cutting blade 2 is significantly reduced as compared with a conventional crusher using a rotary blade, and sharpness can be maintained for a long time. Therefore, it becomes possible to effectively pulverize industrial waste and the like that could not be sufficiently pulverized by the conventional pulverizer.

Further, in the above crusher, the pushing member 5 is designed to rotate about the rotating shaft 9 and the fixed blade 1 is provided along the rotation direction of the pushing member 5, so that the pushing member 5 is rotated. By adding the material to be crushed in accordance with the rotation of 5, the crushing process can be continuously performed. Further, since the pushing member 5 is rotated, the device itself can be downsized as compared with, for example, the case where the pushing member 5 is reciprocated, energy loss is reduced, and safety is improved.

Further, in the above crusher, since the thickness of the pushing member 5 is smaller than the opening interval of the lower opening 6 of the fixed blade 1, the object to be crushed is effectively pushed into the groove 3 of the fixed blade 1 and crushed. be able to. Further, the crushed object to be crushed can be pushed out from the lower openings 6 of both fixed blades 1 and discharged smoothly. Further, since the pushing member 5 has the plurality of pushing portions 11 formed on the peripheral edge of the substantially disc-shaped pushing member 5, the plurality of pushing portions 11 can continuously and efficiently crush the object to be crushed. it can.

In each of the above embodiments, the cutting edge 2
The blade shape of is not limited to the illustrated one,
Cutting blades 2 of various shapes can be applied. Further, the cutting blade 2 can be detachable so that it can be replaced when worn. Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, an example in which the present invention is mainly used for crushing industrial waste has been described, but the present invention is not limited to this and can be used for crushing various structures and substances. Even in these cases, the same operational effect is obtained.

[0028]

As described above, according to the crusher of the present invention, the object to be crushed pushed between the fixed blades by the pushing member is formed on the fixed blades with the distance gradually narrowing toward one end. Effectively cut and crushed by multiple cutting blades. Then, the crushed object is discharged from the one end opening of the fixed blade. For example, even a structure including hard parts such as a compressor and a motor can be effectively cut by a plurality of cutting blades formed on the surface of a fixed blade, and the load applied to the cutting blade is also the conventional rotary blade. Significantly reduced compared to the crusher,
The sharpness can be maintained for a long period of time. In this way, it becomes possible to effectively crush industrial waste and the like that could not be sufficiently crushed by the conventional crusher.

Further, the crushing process can be continuously carried out by charging the object to be crushed according to the rotation of the pushing member. Further, since the pushing member is rotated, the size of the apparatus itself can be reduced as compared with, for example, the case where the pushing member is reciprocated, energy loss is reduced, and safety is improved. Further, since the crushed object is gradually put into the fixed blade by the rotating pushing member, the impact applied to the cutting edge of the fixed blade at the time of putting the crushed object is small and damage to the cutting edge is prevented.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing the crusher.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing a fixed blade.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 fixed blade 2 cutting edge 5 Pushing member 6 Lower opening 7 Upper opening 9 rotation axis

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B02C 19/20 B02C 18/00 B02C 19/10 B02C 13/02

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A fixed blade facing each other at a predetermined interval so as to be gradually narrowed toward one end, a plurality of cutting blades formed on the surfaces of the fixed blade facing each other, and between the fixed blades. A pushing member that pushes the material to be crushed between the fixed blades by advancing toward one end is provided, and the pushing member is configured to rotate about a rotation axis, and the fixed blade rotates the pushing member. A crusher characterized by being provided along a direction. 2. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein the pushing member is formed in a plate shape having a thickness smaller than an opening interval at one end opening of the fixed blade. 3. The pushing member is formed in a substantially disc shape that rotates about a rotation axis, and a plurality of pushing portions are formed in a peripheral portion of the disc-shaped pushing member. The described crusher. 4. The crusher according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: a hopper capable of continuously charging a material to be crushed, which is provided at an opening of the fixed blade on the pushing member entrance side. 5. The direction changing member for contacting the crushed object and changing the direction of the crushed object is provided on the opposite side of the pressing member of the fixed blade from the rotating shaft. The crusher according to item 1.