JP3521657B2 - Nursery facilities - Google Patents

Description

Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a seedling raising facility for growing seedlings for use in a seedling transplanter. 2. Description of the Related Art Seedlings are seeded in seedling boxes, the seedling boxes are stacked in a certain number in a stack, and the seedling boxes are stored for a suitable number of days in a germination room in which temperature, humidity, lightness, etc. are controlled. There is a seedling raising facility in which seedlings are germinated, and after germination, the seedling boxes are taken out of the germination chamber and re-transferred to a shelf-shaped cart, and the seedlings are grown until they reach a certain size. Conventionally, in seedling raising facilities of this kind, seedling boxes sown and stacked in a stack are transported into and out of the germination chamber using a transporter such as a forklift. [0003] In the above-mentioned conventional seedling raising facility, a passage for the transporter is provided in the germination chamber, so that the germination chamber requires a large space and the transporter is operated or operated. It required personnel to operate, and the work efficiency was poor. An object of the present invention is to improve these points and to save labor and space in a nursery facility. Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is configured as follows. That is, the seedling raising facility according to the present invention, a seeding device for sowing seeds in a seedling box,
A tiering device for stacking a certain number of seeded seedling boxes, a germination room for storing seedling boxes stacked for a certain number under predetermined conditions and germinating seeds, and sowing seedling boxes in which seeds germinated. In a nursery facility equipped with a transshipment device for transposing to a bogie for growing plant seedlings to an appropriate size, a seedling box is transferred from the stacking device side to the transshipment device side in the germination chamber. a conveyor for providing, together with a structure for accommodating the germination chamber while carrying the Naebako to the conveyor, issued
At the front side of the bud chamber, the seedling boxes stacked by
The loading side transfer machine to transfer onto the bear, and the above-mentioned
An unloading-side transfer machine for transferring a seedling box from the conveyor is provided . FIG. 1 is a plan view of the first floor of a nursery facility embodying the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a mezzanine floor, and FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a germination room. Hereinafter, this nursery facility will be described. [0006] The mezzanine box is placed on the first floor by the seedling box conveyor 1, and the seedling boxes C,... The seedling boxes are sequentially supplied one by one to the installed sowing machine 3. The seeding machine 3 conveys the seedling boxes C in a certain direction by the seeding conveyor 5 and puts the bed soil into the seedling boxes being conveyed by the bed soil supply device 6 to suppress and level the seedlings. Seeds are sown on the soil by a sowing device 7, soil is put on the soil by a soil covering supply device 8, and finally, irrigation is performed. The floor soil tank 6a and the cover soil tank 8a are installed on the mezzanine floor, and the soil put into the soil hopper 9 installed on the first floor is lifted to the mezzanine floor by the earth elevator 9a, and then forward and reverse. The floor soil tank 6a and the cover soil tank 8a are supplied by a rotatable earth conveyor 9b. The seeds sowed by the sowing apparatus 7 are immersed in a soaking tank 11 filled with water and then germinated in a germination chamber 12. 13 is a container for germination processing. The seedling box C sowed is lifted up by a lift-up device 15.
After being raised to a certain height by the stacking device 16, a predetermined number of sheets are stacked on the cart 17 by the stacking device 16. The cart 17 is adapted to travel along an endless track 18, and the stacked seedling boxes C, received at the station 18 a of the stacking device 16, are transferred to the station 18 b of the germination chamber 20.
Transport to At the station 18b, the trolley 18 that has become empty after passing the seedling boxes C,... The germination room 20 is a room for storing seeded seedling boxes under appropriate temperature (humidity, usually three days in the case of rice) temperature, humidity and lightness control to germinate and germinate seeds. As shown in FIG. 3, the germination chamber 20 is provided with a plurality of germination chamber conveyors 21,... On which seedling boxes are placed, each having a plurality of vertical rows and a plurality of horizontal rows (in the illustrated example, three vertical rows and five horizontal rows). Have been. In the nursery facility shown in the figure, three germination chambers
A room is provided. Therefore, in the case of rice, seedling raising treatment can be performed for one germination room per day. In front of the germination chamber 20, a station 18
A transfer side transfer machine 23 for transferring the seedling boxes C,... on the carriage 17 stopped at b to the germination room conveyors 21,. The loading side transfer machine 23 takes in the seedling boxes C,... Of the cart 17 into the seedling box stand 23a by a not-shown intake means, and the seedling box stand moves up and down the elevating guide frame 23b.
The raising and lowering guide frame 23b slides left and right along the upper and lower rails 23c, 23c, so that the seedling box stand 23a moves to a position immediately before the desired germination room conveyor 21 and is sent to the seedling box stand 23a by a sending means (not shown). Are fed out onto the germination room conveyor 21. Each time a seedling box C,... Is transferred onto the germination chamber conveyor 21, the germination chamber conveyor 21 intermittently moves backward by a predetermined distance, and the seedling boxes C,. Arranged at intervals. On the rear side of the germination chamber 20, there is provided an unloading side transfer machine 24 for transferring the seedling boxes C,... On the germination chamber conveyors 21,. The unloading-side transfer machine 24 includes a seedling box stand 24a, an elevating guide frame 24b, and rails 24c and 24c similar to the transfer-side transfer machine 23. The seedling box C on the conveyor is activated by the operation of the germination room conveyor 21. , ... are waiting at the position immediately after the seedling box stand 24a
The seedling box stand 24a is placed on the unloading conveyor 25.
Is moved to a position adjacent to the start end of the seedling boxes C,... On the seedling box stand 24a by a delivery means (not shown).
5 is sent out. The seedling boxes C,... Transferred on the carry-out conveyor 25 are conveyed to a transfer device 26, where the stepped seedling boxes are transferred to a shelf-shaped greening cart 27.
Then, the greening cart 27 loaded with the seedling boxes C,... Is transported to a greening house (not shown), where the seedlings are grown until they reach a certain size. As described above, the stacked seedling boxes are placed on the germination chamber conveyors 21,... Provided in the germination chamber 20 and stored, and the seedling boxes are stepped by the germination chamber conveyors 21,. Since the seedling boxes are transported from the stacking device 16 side to the transfer device 26 side, there is no need to provide a transporter or a passage for humans in the germination chamber, and the volume of the germination chamber can be reduced accordingly. Can be. In addition, it is possible to reduce costs required for air conditioning of the germination chamber. In addition, track-type truck 1
7. The operation of the carry-in side transfer machine 23, the germination room conveyor 21,..., The carry-out side transfer machine 24, and the carry-out conveyor 25 is controlled by the control room 2.
Since it is automatically controlled by the control device in 8, the number of workers in the seedling raising facility can be reduced. In this seedling raising facility, stacked seedling boxes are conveyed from the stacking device 16 to the germination chamber 20 by the track type cart 17, but are stacked by the cart that freely travels on the floor surface. The seedling box may be transported. In this case, as shown in FIG. 4, if the cart 17 ′ is supplied to the stacking device 16 from the side opposite to the seedling box traveling direction of the seeder line to the stacking device 16, the work in the seeder 3 is obstructed. do not become. Therefore, many carts 17 ′ are located near the stacking device 16.
Can be kept on standby, thereby improving work efficiency. Next, the stacking device 16 will be described (see FIGS. 5 to 8). The stacking device 16 holds the seedling boxes C supplied by the seedling box supply conveyor 30 connected to the lift-up device 15 and transfers the holding boxes 31 and 3.
1 is provided at an upper portion, and a lifting platform 3 is provided below the holding belt.
2 (A, B) and two elevating devices 33 (A, B) are provided in parallel. Note that the seedling box C is supplied in a state where the longitudinal direction faces the transfer direction. The holding belts 31, 31 are stretched around pulleys 35,... Suspended vertically above the machine frame 16a, and are driven by a motor 36. The holding belts 31, 31 sandwich the seedling box C between them in a certain direction. It is designed to be transported. Nipping belt 3
At two places before and after the seedling box transfer path formed between 1, 31
A stopper 40 (A, B) for stopping the seedling box C is provided. The upper stopper 40 (A) is a solenoid 40
a, the seedling box C is stopped at the stop position A by the stopper 40 (A) when the stopper 40 (A) is at the lowered position, and the stopper 40 is stopped when the stopper 40 (A) is at the raised position. By (B), the seedling box C is stopped at the stop position B. The holding belts 31, 31 are tensioned by tension rollers 42,. When the position of the support members 43, 43 to which the tension rollers 42,... Are attached is adjusted in the outward direction of the seedling box transfer path by the solenoids 44,. C is opened. Further, on the lower side of the holding belts 31, 31,
L-shaped receiving plates 46, 46 in side view are provided at both stop positions A, B, respectively. These receiving plates 46, 46 are adapted to expand and contract the interval between them by opening and closing cylinders 47, 47. In the closed state where the interval between the receiving plates 46, 46 is narrow, the inner ends of the receiving plates 46, 46 protrude below the seedling box transfer path, thereby preventing the seedling box C at the stop position from dropping. In the open state where the interval between the receiving plates 46, 46 is wide,
The inner end of 46 is located outside the seedling box transfer path, so that the seedling box at the stop position can be dropped. Further, on the lower side of the receiving plates 46, 46, the guides 50, 50, 51, which regulate the seedling boxes dropped from the stop position and stacked on the elevating table 32 so as not to shift in the short direction.
51 are provided. These guides are arranged at positions near the corners of the seedling box so as to abut on the mutually opposed longitudinal sides of the seedling box. As shown in FIG.
The maximum number of guides 50 that can be stacked on the lift 32 is 3 (50 guides 50) that contact the side opposite to the side where the carriage 17 is stopped.
0), and the guides 51, 51 contacting the side on the side of the carriage 17 are long enough to act up to about the third stage from the top of the seedling boxes stacked on the lift 32. Having In addition, a guide guide 5 that contacts the side opposite to the cart 17
Numerals 0 and 50 are slightly inclined so that the working surface is further away from the seedling box as it goes downward so as not to interfere with the seedling box in the lower layer of the seedling boxes stacked on the lift 32. The inclination angle α is preferably set to 1 degree or less. The elevating table 32 is a plate-shaped table having fork-shaped lift arms 32a, 32a on the tip side. In the lifting device 33 of the lifting table 32, a pair of guide columns 52, 52 having a groove-shaped cross section are erected at predetermined intervals in the seedling box transfer direction. Are slidably fitted to each other, and holding frames 55, 55 having holding rollers 54,. And the holding frame 55,
The lift table 32 is supported in a state of being sandwiched between upper and lower rollers 55,. The elevating body 53 is a motor 5
Sprocket 59 fixed to a rotating shaft 58 driven by
It is attached to one end of a chain 60 wound around, and moves up and down by rotating a motor 57. Reference numeral 61 in the figure denotes a balance weight attached to the other end of the chain. An air cylinder 63 for horizontal movement is provided below the lift 32. When the lift 32 descends to the lowest position, the engaging portion 3 provided at the rear end of the lower surface of the lift
2b is engaged with an engaging portion 63a provided at the end of the piston rod of the air cylinder 63. When the air cylinder 63 is expanded and contracted in this state, the elevator 32 moves horizontally in the left-right direction of FIG. I do. The stacking device 16 performs the following operation. The seedling box C supplied by the seedling box supply conveyor 30 is taken over by the holding belts 31 and 31 and is transferred on the seedling box transfer path. At this time, the distance between the pair of receiving plates 46, 46 is narrow, and the seedling box C being transferred is prevented from falling downward. In the first step, the seedling box C is
(A) stops at the stop position A. First seedling box C
Stops at the stop position A, the receiving plates 46, 4 at the stop position A
As soon as 6 is opened, the tension of the holding belts 31, 31 is weakened, and the holding belts open the seedling box C. The opened seedling box C falls, and the elevating platform 32 waiting at the upper limit position.
(A). Next, the lift 32 (A) is lowered by the thickness of one seedling box. During this operation, the receiving plate 4
6, 46 and the holding belts 31, 31 return to the original state. These operations are repeated, and the second and subsequent seedling boxes are stacked on the previous seedling box. Lifting table 32
Are lowered by the guides 50, 50, 51, 51 so that the position in the short direction of the seedling box C is at an appropriate position, so that the seedling boxes C,. When a predetermined number (30) of seedling boxes C,... Are stacked and the elevator 32 (A) descends to the lower limit position,
The supplied seedling box C is switched to stop at the stop position B. Then, the seedling boxes C,... Transferred to the stop position B,
It is stacked on the lift 32 (B). While the seedling boxes are stacked on the lift 32 (B), the lift 32 (A) performs the following operation. That is, the lifting platform 32 (A) moves to a position above the carriage 17 stopped at the front position of the station 18a, and then descends by a small amount, thereby holding the seedling boxes C,.
On the carriage 17. Thereafter, the lift 32 (A) moves horizontally to the original position and further rises to the upper limit position. When the lift 32 (A) moves toward the carriage 17, the lift 3
The seedling boxes C,... Of 2 (A) receive inertial force in the direction opposite to the moving direction. Even if the seedling boxes C,... Attempt to displace due to this inertial force, the seedling boxes C,. . In addition, the guide 5 on the truck side
Since the reference numerals 1 and 51 have a length up to about the third stage from the top of the seedling boxes to be stacked, the lifting platform 32 (A) does not hinder the movement to the carriage 17 side. When a predetermined number of seedling boxes C,... Are stacked on the rear elevating platform 32 (B), the supplied seedling boxes C are switched to stop at the stop position A, and the seedling boxes C,. It can be stacked on the lift 32 (A). During this time, the lifting platform 32 (B) replaces the held seedling boxes C,... With the carriage 17 stopped at the rear position of the station 18a. Next, the sowing apparatus 7 will be described (FIG. 9).
To FIG. 11). The seeding device 7 includes seedling pots p,.
This is a sowing apparatus for sowing seeds in a seedling box C in which a plug tray P, which is connected vertically and horizontally in an aligned state, is fitted. The number of suction nozzles 70 for the number of seedling raising pots in the left-right direction (the direction
Are attached to an air tank 71 connected to the vacuum device V. The air tank 71 has a rotating shaft 7.
Left and right sides are supported by the distal ends of the rotating arms 74, 74 integrated with the third and third arms 73, 73. An operating arm 76 that is rotatably connected to a tip of a piston 75a of a suction nozzle moving cylinder 75 is integrally attached to one of the rotating shafts 73. Rods 79, 79 are integrally attached to the left and right sides of the air tank 71 via brackets 78, and the rod end sides are supported by support members 80, 8 fixed to the machine frame.
0 and ball joints 81, 81 so as to be rotatable and slidable in the axial direction of the rod. When the piston 75a of the suction nozzle moving cylinder 75 projects and retracts, the suction nozzle 70,
.. Move between a position above the seed receiver 83 and a position above the funnel 84. The seed receiver 83 includes a nozzle seed receiver 83a.
, And a collecting seed receiver 83b. The seed tank 86 provided with a seed flow control valve 86a in the nozzle seed receiver 83a has a larger number of seeds S, ... are always supplied. Therefore, the seeds are constantly spilled from the edge of the nozzle seed receiver 83a, and the seed level is kept constant. Seeds spilling from the edge of the nozzle seed receiver 83a are received by the recovery seed receiver 83b, and are collected in the collection tank 88 through the discharge pipe 87. The seed receiver 83 is supported at the lower left and right sides via elastic members 90, 90, and vibrates within the elastic expansion and contraction range of the elastic member by a vibrator 91 provided at the lower center. . By the vibration, the seeds S,... In the nozzle seed receiver 83a bounce up and down slightly, and the seeds float in the vicinity of the surface layer. The suction nozzles 70,...
When the vacuum device V moves upward, the vacuum device V performs a suction operation, and the seeds S,.
Are adsorbed by an appropriate number of particles. Since the seed level of the nozzle seed receiver 83a is always constant, the suction nozzles 70,.
The distance from the tip mouth of the surface to the surface is maintained at the optimum distance,
The suction nozzles 70,... Can surely suction the seeds S,. The seeds S,... Are placed at the tips of the suction nozzles 70,.
Is sucked, the piston 75a of the suction nozzle moving cylinder 75 protrudes, and the suction nozzles 70,.
Move up to 4. Then, the operation of the vacuum device V is stopped, and at the same time, air is discharged from the distal end ports of the nozzles 19,... And the needles (not shown) inside the suction nozzles 70,. , The seeds S,... Adsorbed at the tip openings of the suction nozzles 70,. The released seeds S,.
4 fall into the receiving holes 84a,. The outlets of the receiving holes 84a,.
Each of the seeding hoses 93 is connected. Also,
Seeding nozzles 94,... Are attached to the lower ends of the sowing hoses 93,. Therefore, the seeds S, which have fallen into the funnels 84,... Are discharged from the lower end ports of the sowing nozzles 94,. The seeding nozzles 94,... Are provided by the number of seedling pots p,... For two rows in the transfer direction of the plug tray P, and the seeding nozzles 94,.
Are fixed to the fixing plate 95 in accordance with the arrangement pitch of. Both ends of the fixing plate 95 are connected to the connecting rod 9.
It is fixed to connecting members 98, 98 which are non-slidably fixed to 7, 97. The connecting rods 97, 97 are vertically slidably supported by the guide bodies 99, 99, and the upper ends of the rods are connected to the pistons 100a, 100a of the seeding nozzle up / down cylinders 100, 100, respectively. The seeding nozzles 94 are configured to move up and down by simultaneously projecting or retracting the pistons 100a of the cylinder. On the upper side of the seeding nozzles 94,.
The same number of seeding hole molded bodies 102,... As the seeding nozzles 94,. Each of the seeding hole molded bodies 102 has a conical bottom end.
Are fixed in accordance with the arrangement pitch of the two rows of seedling raising pots p,... Immediately before the seedling raising pots p,.
5 is fixed. The seeding nozzles 94,...
When the plug tray P in the seedling box C is transferred to the lower part of the seedling box C, the cylinder 100, 1
00, the fixing plate 95 moves from top to bottom, and the seeding hole molded body 10
Plug trays P, which are transported below them
The seedling holes H,... Are formed on the upper surface side of the floor soil in the seedling pots p,. At the same time, the seeding nozzle 9
, Move down onto the seeding holes H,... In the seedling raising pots p,... Formed in the previous step, and sow seeds S in the seeding holes H,. During this time, the seeding conveyor 5 is in a transfer stopped state. When the seeding into the two rows of seedling pots p,... Is completed, the pistons 100a, 100a of the seeding nozzle vertical cylinders 100, 100 are retracted to move the fixed plate 95 upward from below. Thereafter, the sowing conveyor 5 transports the plug tray P by two rows in the left and right lateral direction of the seedling raising pot and stops. Then, again, the pistons 100a, 100a of the seeding nozzle vertical cylinders 100, 100 are operated to protrude, and the right and left two right below the seeding hole molded bodies 102,.
A seeding hole H is formed for the seedling pots p,.
The seedling pots p,... In two rows on the left and right just below the lower end of the seeding nozzles 94,. As described above, according to the present invention, the seedling raising facility is provided with a conveyor for transporting a seedling box from the stacking device side to the transshipment device side in the germination chamber, and the seedling is provided on the conveyor. It is configured to be housed in the germination room with the box placed , and germination
At the front of the room, the seedling boxes stacked by
A) The transfer machine on the loading side to be transferred onto the
A transfer side transfer machine for transferring the seedling boxes from above the conveyor is provided , so that there is no need to provide a passage because a transporter such as a forklift passes in the germination chamber, and the germination chamber can be made smaller. .

[Brief description of the drawings] FIG. 1 is a plan view of the first floor of a nursery facility. FIG. 2 is a plan view of a mezzanine floor of a nursery facility. FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a germination chamber. FIG. 4 is a plan view of a main part of a different seedling raising facility. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the stacking device. FIG. 6 is a view taken in the direction of arrow A1 in FIG. 5; FIG. 7 is a view on arrow A2 of FIG. 5; FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of a part of FIG. 7; FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the seeding device. FIG. 10 is a rear view of the seeding device. FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional side view of a seed receiver and the like. [Explanation of symbols] C Seedling box 3 Seeding machine 7 Seeding equipment 16 Stacking device 17 bogie 18 Endless track 20 germination room 21 germination room conveyor 23 Loading side transfer machine 24 Loading side transfer machine 25 Conveyor conveyor 26 Transshipment equipment

Continuation of front page (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01G 9/00 A01G 9/14

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] [Claim 1] A seeding device for sowing seeds in a seedling box, a stacking device for stacking a certain number of seeded seedling boxes, and a seeding box stacked for a certain number of seedling boxes A germination chamber for storing and germinating seeds under condition control, and a transfer device for transferring the seedling boxes in which the seeds germinated to a bogie for growing the seedlings of the seeded plants until the seedlings have an appropriate size. In a seedling raising facility, a conveyor for transferring a seedling box from the stacking device side to the transshipment device side is provided in the germination chamber, and the seedling box is placed in the germination chamber while the seedling box is placed on the conveyor, and germination is performed.
At the front of the room, the seedling boxes stacked by
A) The loading side transfer machine to be transferred onto the
A seedling raising facility, comprising a transfer machine for transferring a seedling box from above the conveyor .