JP3511335B2 - How to clean the tank - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for cleaning crude oil tanks and other relatively large-scale tanks for storing liquids, for removing sludge accumulated at the bottom, for example.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a tank for storing a liquid, when the pour point of the liquid is higher than the atmospheric temperature inside the tank, the liquid is warmed to or above the pour point and stored. As the liquid heating means in the tank, for example, a heating pipe is provided in a loop shape or a meandering shape at the bottom of the tank, and heating liquid or steam is passed through the heating pipe to heat the liquid. However, when the stored liquid inside the tank is heated by such a method, the liquid on the upper side of the heating pipe is transferred by the convection phenomenon of heat and is in a fluid state. Since the liquid in (3) does not act on the convection phenomenon of heat, it has no fluidity and is in a solidified state, so that it is always deposited at the same position and is not mixed or moved, so that it stays as sludge. In such a state, there is no effective method for cleaning and removing sludge inside the tank, especially under the heating pipe. Sludge is removed manually with a tool. Also,
For example, in a floating roof type crude oil tank, when sludge accumulated inside the tank is fluidized and removed outside the tank, as described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 63-44147 proposed by the applicant, A flexible washer that can be bent is installed in a suitable column hole of a floating roof, and the washing liquid is jetted at high pressure from each of the washing machines to fluidize the sludge while collapsing it, and pumping up the tank. It is discharged to the outside.

[0003]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional manual cleaning method for workers, not only is the work efficiency extremely low and the cleaning work takes a long time, but flammable gas is generated inside the tank. Since the atmosphere is full and highly explosive, it is a difficult task in terms of safety and hygiene. In addition, by installing a washing machine that can bend from the support hole of the floating roof of a conventional floating roof tank, the sludge collapses while the liquid is jetted at high pressure, it is fluidized and pumped up and discharged to the outside of the tank. In this method, a liquid must be jetted at an extremely high pressure in order to disintegrate sludge by a liquid that is attached to a roof by a washing machine and is jetted under high pressure, so that the equipment becomes large-scale. For example, in an oil tank having a diameter of 80 meters or more and a height of 20 meters or more and capable of storing about 100,000 tons of crude oil, about 30 washing machines must be attached to the roof, and each washing machine Therefore, unless the high-pressure liquid is jetted, the sludge accumulated on the bottom surface cannot be surely and quickly fluidized. For this reason, not only is the scale of the cleaning system increased, but hoses and pipes through which high-pressure oil flows inside must be complicatedly piped using multiple switching valves and branch passages. Since the working liquid is handled, a dangerous accident may occur during cleaning work. Moreover, in the case of a floating roof type oil tank, the washing machine is a small and small one because it is passed through a narrow strut hole inside, and since the liquid jetted from each washing machine cannot be made sufficiently high pressure, The efficiency of cleaning work cannot be improved. Furthermore, since the injection state of the high-pressure liquid from the washing machine cannot be confirmed from the outside of the tank, the sludge treatment state cannot be accurately grasped. For this reason, there is a demand for a tank cleaning method that can inject a cleaning liquid at a high pressure with a very simple device, and that can reliably and highly efficiently fluidize sludge accumulated inside and discharge the sludge out of the tank. There is.

[0004]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and to meet the above-mentioned demands from the past, and is a lid member detachable from a manhole portion provided in a tank. A washing machine having an injection port capable of reciprocating rotation in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, a drive source for reciprocating the ejection port in the horizontal direction, and a drive source for reciprocating in the vertical direction. Is separately provided in the washing machine, and the driving state of both drive sources is controlled outside the tank while grasping the jetting state of the liquid jetted at a high pressure from the jetting port outside the tank. Is efficiently washed, and the manhole part is provided below the side wall of the tank or on the ceiling of the tank. Then, the liquid injected at a high pressure from the injection port of the washing machine uses the liquid remaining inside the tank by warming it if necessary and circulates it to fluidize the sludge stored at the bottom of the tank for cleaning. In this way, the liquid remaining inside the tank is collected in a recovery tank whose pressure is reduced and is injected at high pressure from the injection port of the washing machine. In addition, the liquid injected at high pressure from the injection port circulates and agitates the liquid existing inside the tank to fluidize the sludge stored at the bottom and remove it together with the liquid, or the sludge stored at the bottom of the empty tank. It is sprayed directly onto the collapsible material to disintegrate it and fluidize it to remove it. Moreover, the reciprocating rotation angle and the reciprocating rotation speed of the ejection port by both drive sources can be controlled by the state of the fluid supplied to the drive source outside the tank, and the liquid is ejected at high pressure onto the roof of the tank. A cleaning machine is installed, and the inside of the tank is cleaned by the cleaning machine for the roof part and the cleaning machine installed on the cover material of the manhole part. Further, a liquid having a fluidity can be used as a transient liquid from another tank.

[0005]

Therefore, according to the present invention, when the sludge accumulated inside the tank is removed, the washing machine is usually attached to the manhole portion provided at the lower portion of the side wall of the tank, not manually. Since it does not require complicated piping work, especially work at high places such as the roof of the tank is unnecessary, it not only prevents the occurrence of dangerous accidents, but also temporarily installs equipment and piping. Work and removal work are significantly simplified. Further, since the injection nozzle is reciprocally rotated by combining two rotation directions, the rotation speed and the rotation angle width can be individually controlled by individual drive sources.
The jetting state of the liquid jetted from the jetting port can be controlled in accordance with the sludge accumulation state, and the sludge can be fluidized and discharged efficiently and quickly.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments based on the drawings. The washing machine 1 according to the present invention has a tank a.
The lid member d is detachably attached to the manhole portion c provided at the lower portion of the side wall b.

In FIG. 1, the tank a stores crude oil and other various oils and the like, and sludge is accumulated inside the tank a.
Are provided at appropriate intervals, and a lid member d is detachably attached to each manhole portion c. Also, in the lower part of the side wall b,
The tank a has a heating device e in which a heating pipe is laid in a loop shape or in a meandering shape. The heating device e heats liquid existing at the bottom of the tank a and sludge accumulated on the bottom. And fluidize it.

FIGS. 1 and 2 show a schematic piping state in a tank a. A plurality of fluidized liquid recovery passages g are provided in the tank a through a drain valve f, and each recovery passage g is connected to a discharge pipe h. The collected liquid is sucked and collected in a suction box i in a depressurized state as an example of a collection tank, the liquid inside the suction box i is supplied to a heat exchange device k by a pump j and heated, and the liquid is supplied from a supply pipe l. Each washing machine 1 for a plurality of manholes c
It is connected to the inflow pipe of and is injected at high pressure from the injection port of the injection nozzle.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the general piping state of the present invention, in which the tank a is of a floating roof type, the discharge pipe h of the tank a is connected to the suction box i, and the suction box i of the suction box i is connected. A discharge pipe m extending from a pump j for discharging the liquid is branched midway, one branch pipe n is connected to another storage tank o, and the other branch pipe p is connected to a supply pipe l to connect to a tank side wall. The washing machine 1 installed in the lower manhole part c and the washing machine 1'installed in the manhole part c'provided on the floating roof a'are connected to the storage tank o.
The outflow pipe q extending from is connected to the supply pipe 1 via the pump r.

In the above-described embodiment of the present invention, the storage tank o may store the cleaning oil separated from the oil / water in the suction box i and supply the cleaning oil to the cleaning machines 1 and 1 '. Oil or liquid may be stored and supplied to the washing machines 1, 1 '. Further, it is possible to provide a heating device inside the storage tank o, control the temperature, and supply the cleaning device 1, 1 ′. The liquid in the suction box i or the liquid in the storage tank o can be selectively supplied to the washing machines 1 and 1 ′ by switching the branch pipes n and p, and jetted at high pressure. In any case, the washing machine 1,
The high-pressure cleaning liquid jetted from 1 ′ can fluidize the sludge accumulated at the bottom of the tank to discharge and remove it, so that the inside of the tank is cleaned.

When cleaning the tank a, most of the oil or the like is drained from the inside of the tank a to clean the washing machine 1.
When the high-pressure cleaning liquid is sprayed from 1 ', the cleaning liquid is directly sprayed onto the sludge, so that the sludge collapses and is fluidized. Further, when a high-pressure cleaning liquid is sprayed from the washer 1, 1'with a liquid such as oil existing inside the tank a, the liquid inside the tank is circulated and stirred or turbulently flown by the high-pressure cleaning liquid. Therefore, the sludge is fluidized by the action of liquid agitation and turbulence. Therefore, the fluidized sludge can be mixed with the liquid in the tank and discharged.

Next, the washing machine 1 for carrying out the tank washing method of the present invention will be described in detail. To the manhole portion c, a lid member having the lid member d removed and the washing machine frame 2 fixed is attached and a washing operation is performed.

Inside the washing machine frame 2, a first rotating shaft 3 is laterally positioned and a hollow frame-shaped casing 4 is provided, and the first cylindrical portion is provided on the left and right side walls of the casing 4. 5, a second tubular portion 6 is provided so as to project outward, and both tubular portions 5 and 6 are rotatably held by bearings 7 such as bearing mechanisms provided on the left and right side walls of the casing 4. Therefore, the casing 4 can be rotated in the vertical direction about both the tubular portions 5 and 6.

Inside the casing 4, a liquid passage 9 having vertical, horizontal and rear portions communicated with each other by a U-shaped partition frame body 8, and the first rotary shaft 3 has a first cylindrical shape. A free end portion is rotatably inserted into the portion 5 and traverses the inside of the casing 4, and a free end portion is rotatably supported by a cross-shaped bearing portion 10 provided at the opening base end of the second tubular portion 6.

Therefore, the first rotary shaft 3 is the cleaning machine frame 2
Of the first tubular portion 5 of the casing 4 while being inserted into the first tubular portion 5 of the casing 4 and having its free end supported by the bearing portion 10 provided in the second tubular portion 6. Since the second tubular portion 6 and the bearing 7 of the cleaning machine frame 2 are rotatably held, the casing 4 uses the bearing 7 holding the tubular portions 5 and 6 as a fulcrum. It is possible to rotate up and down around the single rotation shaft 3.

The first worm 1 is attached to the extension of the first cylindrical portion 5 projecting outward from one side wall of the washer frame 2.
The first worm gear 12 meshing with 1 is fixed, and the first worm 11 can be driven without using a power source, and can be freely adjusted in rotational speed or reciprocally rotated, such as an air motor or hydraulic motor. It is connected to a first drive source (not shown).

Therefore, when the first drive source is driven, the first worm 11 rotates and the first worm gear 1
The first cylindrical portion 5 rotates at a low speed while the rotation ratio is significantly reduced by 2, and the casing 4 rotates in the vertical direction with the bearing 7 serving as a fulcrum inside the cleaning machine frame 2. Then, when the casing 4 rotates to a certain angle, for example, the position sensor 13 provided on the lid member d causes the detection display unit 13 ′ provided on the surface of the first worm gear 12.
Is detected electrically, optically, and mechanically, and the first drive source is driven in the reverse direction to rotate the casing 4 in the reverse direction. Therefore, the casing 4 is reciprocally rotated in the vertical direction within a certain range with the first rotation shaft 3 as a fulcrum by the detection means of the position sensor 13 and the detection display unit 13 'by the first drive source. In addition, the position sensor 13 and the detection display unit 13 ′ also have a function of an indicator that indicates the state of the rotation angle of the casing 4 in the vertical direction by displaying the angle scale 13 ″ on the surface of the detection display unit 13 ′. However, it is possible to easily grasp the vertical rotation state of the casing 4 from the outside of the tank.

A second worm 14 is provided in an inner central space surrounded by the partition frame 8 of the first rotary shaft 3, and the tip of the first rotary shaft 3 protruding from the first cylindrical portion 5 to the outside. Similar to the first drive source, the part is driven by a second drive source such as an air motor or a hydraulic motor that can be driven without using a power source and can freely adjust the rotation speed and can be reciprocally rotated. Rotation drive gear 15 that rotates by
To provide. And, at the tip portion of the first rotary shaft 3,
Form a cylindrical hollow portion 16 with an internal thread portion engraved on the inner surface,
A detection rod 17 is attached to a part of the vacant portion 16 and is supported on the outer surface so that a male screw portion that is screwed into the female screw portion is engraved and cannot rotate but can move only in the axial direction. A sensor operating unit 18 is provided on the detection rod 17, and a sensor mechanism 18 ′ that is electrically, optically or mechanically detected by the sensor operating unit 18 and reverses the rotation of the second drive source is used as a sensor operating unit. Within the movement range of 18, it is fixedly provided on the lid member d, for example. Further, the detection rod 17 is provided with a pointer portion 19, and an angle display portion 19 'is fixedly provided within the moving range of the pointer portion 19.

Therefore, when the second drive source is driven and the rotary drive gear 15 rotates, the second worm 14 rotates together with the first rotary shaft 3, and the detection rod 17 moves in the axial direction. Then, when the detection rod 17 moves to a position sufficiently protruding from the empty portion 16, the sensor operating portion 18 detects the sensor mechanism 18 'to drive the second drive source in the opposite direction, and the rotary drive gear 15 moves the The one rotation shaft 3 and the second worm 14 rotate in opposite directions, and the detection rod 17 moves in a direction to be inserted into the empty portion 16. When the first rotating shaft 3 rotates sufficiently and the detection rod 17 moves to a state where it is sufficiently inserted into the empty portion 16, the sensor operating portion 18 detects the sensor mechanism 18 'and drives the second driving source in reverse. Then, the first rotary shaft 3 and the second worm 14 are reversely rotated.

Therefore, the first rotating shaft 3 is the detection rod 1
By the operation of 7 and the sensor mechanism 18 ', reciprocating rotation is performed within a certain range.

Inside the U-shaped inside of the partition frame 8, a cylindrical second rotary shaft 20 whose upper and lower ends are opened to the liquid passage 9 in the vertical direction is provided with upper and lower plate portions of the partition frame 8. It is provided so as to be rotatable by a bearing 21 formed of a bearing mechanism or the like.

And, on the side portion of the second rotary shaft 20,
The second rotating shaft 20 is provided with a tapered cylindrical injection nozzle 22 that communicates with the inside of the second rotating shaft 20 and extends forward.
A second worm gear 23 that meshes with the second worm 14 is provided in the outer peripheral central portion.

The free end portion of the second tubular portion 6 is closed, and the inflow pipe 24 for the cleaning liquid is rotatably and liquid-tightly connected to the outer peripheral portion of the second tubular portion 6. The part 6 communicates with the part 6 through a through hole 25 formed in the side part of the second cylindrical part 6.

Therefore, the cleaning liquid supplied at a high pressure from the inflow pipe 24 is supplied to the inside of the second cylindrical portion 6 from the through hole 25 and passes through the bearing portion 10 at the tip of the second cylindrical portion 6. The liquid is introduced into the liquid passage 9 and pressure-fed from the second rotary shaft 20 to the injection nozzle 22, and the injection port 22 ′ at the tip of the injection nozzle 22.
High-pressure injection from.

As described above, when the second drive source drives the rotary drive gear 15 to rotate the first rotary shaft 3 and the second worm 14, the second worm gear 23 is decelerated and rotated. The nozzle 22 horizontally rotates about the second rotation shaft 20 as a fulcrum, and reciprocally rotates within a certain range by the movement of the detection rod 17 and the operation of the sensor operation unit 18 and the sensor mechanism 18 'as described above. Further, it is possible to grasp in what state the injection nozzle 22 is reciprocatingly rotated from the outside of the tank by the pointer portion 19 and the angle display portion 19 '.

The first drive source and the second drive source are
Since the rotation speed and the like can be changed by controlling the supply state of the drive fluid (oil or air) based on the operation of the control valve or the like provided in the pipe, the first drive source is controlled to control the injection nozzle 22. The reciprocating rotation in the vertical direction can be controlled in a complicated manner by controlling the second drive source to control the reciprocating rotation in the horizontal direction of the injection nozzle 22 outside the tank. it can. Further, the first drive source and the second drive source use a motor or pump such as oil or air and do not use a power source because combustible gas exists around the installation portion and the explosive property is high. This is because it is an atmosphere and prevents accidents that may explode due to electrical equipment or static electricity.

Therefore, the above-mentioned washing machine 1 according to the present invention is installed on the lid member d and attached to the manhole portion c, the washing liquid is supplied from the inflow pipe 24 at a high pressure, and the first driving source is driven to drive the first worm. The casing 12 is reciprocally rotated about the fulcrum of the first rotation shaft 3 by the gear 12 and the first tubular portion 5 to reciprocally rotate the injection nozzle 22 in the vertical direction, and the second drive source is driven to rotate the drive gear. When the first rotary shaft 3 is reciprocally rotated by 15 and the injection nozzle 22 is horizontally reciprocally rotated by the second worm 14 and the second worm gear 23, the injection nozzle 22 reciprocates in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. The liquid is ejected at a high pressure in a state in which the range and speed of the revolution are arbitrarily set, and various changes are made from the ejection port 22 '.

Therefore, in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, by connecting the supply pipe 1 to the inflow pipe 24, the high-pressure cleaning liquid is jetted from the jet port 22 ′ of the jet nozzle 22 in the washing machine 1, and the inside of the tank a. It can be washed by fluidizing and removing the sludge.

When a shallow rotation stop notch 26 is formed at the tip of the detection rod 17 and a stopper rod 27 is provided on the lid member d so that the tip faces the notch 26, detection is performed. When the rod 17 moves outward, the most extended state can be regulated by the stopper rod 27 locking the cut portion 26.

In the embodiment of the present invention described above, the liquid ejecting apparatus is provided on the manhole portion provided at the lower portion of the side wall of the tank on the detachable lid member, but it is provided on the roof of the tank. The lid material that can be attached to and detached from the manhole part can be washed as it is in the same manner.

[0031]

As is apparent from the above, according to the present invention, the lid member that can be attached to and detached from the manhole portion provided in the tank is provided with the injection port that can reciprocally rotate in the vertical and horizontal directions. A washing machine having the same is installed, and a drive source for reciprocally rotating the ejection port in the horizontal direction and a drive source for reciprocally rotating the ejection port in the vertical direction are separately provided in the cleaning machine, and the ejection port ejects at a high pressure. While grasping the injection state of the liquid outside the tank, by controlling the drive state of both drive sources outside the tank, the inside of the tank is efficiently washed, The manhole part is provided below the side wall of the tank or on the ceiling of the tank. Then, the liquid injected at a high pressure from the injection port of the washing machine uses the liquid remaining inside the tank by warming it if necessary and circulates it to fluidize the sludge stored at the bottom of the tank for cleaning. In addition, the liquid remaining in the tank is recovered in a recovery tank under reduced pressure, and is injected at high pressure from the injection port of the washing machine.

Therefore, according to the cleaning method of the present invention,
The injection nozzle is reciprocally rotated in two systems, a vertical direction and a horizontal direction, and both reciprocating rotations can be controlled in rotation speed and rotation range outside the tank by individual drive sources. Therefore, the ejection state of the liquid from the ejection port of the ejection nozzle can be freely controlled, and sludge accumulated inside the tank can be surely removed and cleaned efficiently and quickly. In addition, the washing machine only needs to be replaced with the lid provided on the bottom of the side wall of the tank, and there is no need for complicated piping and wiring as in the past, so installation, removal and piping work of the washing machine However, temporary work can be done in a short time. Furthermore,
Since the injection nozzle is located at the bottom of the tank and is close to the sludge, the liquid injected from the injection port can exert sufficient power to collapse the sludge even at a lower pressure than before, and is based on the injection of high-pressure liquid. Does not require advanced plumbing equipment or dangerous work. Further, according to the liquid ejecting apparatus of the present invention, it can be used in a state in which the lower part of the tank is filled with a liquid such as oil or in an empty state in which the oil is drained, which is of extremely high practical value.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of a piping state of a tank.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of a piping state of a tank.

FIG. 3 is a schematic front view showing another embodiment of the piping state of the tank.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional plan view showing an embodiment of a washing machine.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional side view showing an embodiment of a washing machine.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of a sensor mechanism such as a detection rod.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a position sensor and a detection display unit.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 washing machine 2 washing machine frame 3 First rotation axis 4 casing 5 First tubular part 6 Second tubular part 7 bearings 8 partition frames 9 Liquid passage 10 Bearing part 11 First Warm 12 First Worm Gear 13 Position sensor 14 Second Warm 15 rotary drive gear 16 empty space 17 Detection rod 18 Sensor operation part 18 'sensor mechanism 19 Pointer section 19 'angle display 20 Second rotating shaft 21 bearings 22 injection nozzle 23 Second Worm Gear 24 Inflow pipe 25 through holes

Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) B08B 9/093

Claims (9)

(57) [Claims] 1. A washing machine having an injection port that can be reciprocally rotated in a vertical direction and a horizontal direction is installed on a lid member that can be attached to and detached from a manhole provided in a tank, and the injection port is horizontally moved. A drive source for reciprocating and rotating, and a drive source for reciprocating and rotating in the vertical direction are separately provided in the washing machine, while grasping the ejection state of the liquid ejected at a high pressure from the ejection port outside the tank, A method for cleaning a tank, wherein the inside of the tank is efficiently cleaned by controlling the driving states of the both drive sources outside the tank. 2. The method for cleaning a tank according to claim 1, wherein the manhole portion is provided at a lower portion of a side wall of the tank. 3. The method for cleaning a tank according to claim 1, wherein the manhole portion is provided on the ceiling of the tank. 4. The liquid jetted at high pressure from the jetting port of the washing machine uses the liquid remaining in the tank by warming it if necessary and circulates it to fluidize the sludge stored at the bottom of the tank. The method for cleaning a tank according to claim 1, wherein the tank is cleaned. 5. The cleaning of the tank according to claim 4, wherein the liquid remaining inside the tank is recovered in a recovery tank whose pressure is reduced and is injected at high pressure from the injection port of the cleaning machine. Method. 6. The liquid ejected at a high pressure from the ejection port is characterized in that the liquid present inside the tank is circulated and agitated to fluidize the sludge stored in the bottom portion, and the sludge is removed together with the liquid. 1. The method for cleaning a tank according to 1. 7. The liquid jetted at high pressure from the jet port is jetted directly to the sludge stored in the bottom of the tank and collapses,
The method for cleaning a tank according to claim 1, wherein the tank is fluidized and removed. 8. The reciprocating rotation angle and the reciprocating rotation speed of the injection port by both drive sources can be controlled by the state of the fluid supplied to the drive source outside the tank. Item 3. The method for cleaning a tank according to any one of Items 2. 9. A washing machine for injecting a liquid under high pressure is installed on the roof of the tank, and the inside of the tank is washed by the washing machine for the roof and the washing machine installed on the lid material of the manhole. The method for cleaning a tank according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: