JP3491060B2 - Seedling transplanter - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to seedlings grown on a field surface by joining two strip-shaped thin films at a predetermined pitch and using a set of continuous pots in which the joining portions are potted together. The transplanter for planting on.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an aggregate of this type, there are those disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-11817 and Japanese Patent Publication No. 4-79612. Since this assembly has a structure in which continuous pots are superposed with a water-soluble adhesive, a large number of pots appear like a honeycomb when unfolded from the pressed state, and this unfolded state is maintained to raise seedlings. By putting it in a box and filling it with soil, it becomes possible to intensively raise many seedlings. In addition, according to the seedling raising by this aggregate, in addition to growing roots independently between seedlings because it grows independently in the pot body, since the water-soluble adhesive degenerates by irrigation during seedling raising, after raising seedlings for a certain number of days When one end of a continuous pot is pulled, the aggregate of continuous pots can be easily separated and pulled out in a row, and continuous transplantation is also possible.

By the way, seedlings raised using the above-mentioned aggregate of continuous pots are generally transplanted together with the pots while maintaining the continuous state of the continuous pots. Conventionally, a dedicated transplanter for that purpose has been developed. It was put to practical use. For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-
The transplanter described in Japanese Patent No. 308822, JP-A-8-89028, etc. includes a machine body provided with an opener for forming a planting groove on the lower surface on the rear side in the traveling direction, and the above-mentioned assembly is mounted on the machine body. A pot seedling placement part for placing the whole seedlings, a pot seedling guide part for aligning and guiding the continuous pots drawn out from this pot seedling placement part, and a continuous pot is repeated from the pot seedling guide part to the field surface. It has a simple structure in which the pot seedling feeding part to be put out is continuously provided, and the pot body in which seedlings are placed in the planting groove formed by the opener, so-called pot seedling is continuous, just by sliding the aircraft on the field surface. And can be transplanted easily.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned assembly, the length of the joining portion (connecting piece) of the two thin films is set to be the bowl because of the convenience of stacking the continuous bowls and densely gathering the bowls. Of 1
It must be equal to the width of one side, and therefore when attempting to transplant continuously using the simplified transplanter described in the above publications, the pitch between plants is restricted by the connecting piece, and Depending on the type, there were cases where the pitch between stocks was too narrow or too wide, and there was no choice but to abandon its use.

Therefore, the present inventors pull out a continuous pot from the pot seedling guide section on the machine body, peel off the two thin films constituting this continuous pot, and take out the seedling from the pot body with soil. A thin film peeling device and a conveyer conveyor that sandwiches and conveys soiled seedlings fed from this thin film peeling device in an upright posture are connected, and the thin film peeling device and the conveyer conveyor are operated according to the movement of the machine body, A seedling transplanting machine was devised, in which soil-bearing seedlings were fed out from a conveyer into the planting groove formed by the opener, which has already been clarified in Japanese Patent Application No. 9-244675 (not known).

[0006] According to this new transplanter, the pitch between plants can be changed by changing the speed ratio between the take-out speed of the seedlings with soil (peeling speed of the thin film) by the thin-film stripping device and the transport speed of the seedlings with soil by the transport conveyor. It can be changed arbitrarily and easily, and its utility value becomes extremely large.

However, according to this new transplanter, since the thin film peeling device and the conveyer are added on the machine body, the weight of the whole transplanter becomes heavy, and the rear part of the machine body is changed according to the hardness of the field. There was a problem that the amount of submergence of the opener provided in the plant changed greatly, and the planting depth of the seedlings varied, and the degree of growth of the seedlings after transplantation was likely to be uneven.
Further, since the weight becomes heavier, it becomes difficult to pull by human power, and there is a problem in that operability also deteriorates.

The present invention has been made in view of the problems in the above-mentioned new transplanting machine, and the problem is that the depth of the planting groove formed by the opener is constant regardless of the hardness of the field surface. Then, it is to eliminate the variation in the planting depth of the seedlings and to reduce the force required for towing as much as possible to improve the operability.

[0009]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an assembly of continuous pots in which two strip-shaped thin films are joined at a predetermined pitch and the joined portions are pots. In the transplanting machine that planted the seedlings raised using the
On a machine provided with an opener for forming a planting groove on the lower surface on the rear side in the direction of travel, in order from the front side in the direction of travel, a pot seedling placement section for placing the above-mentioned aggregate together with seedlings, and the pot seedling placement section A pot seedling guide part that guides the continuous pots drawn from
A thin film peeling device that pulls out two thin films of a continuous pot pulled out from the pot seedling guide part to take out soiled seedlings from the pot body, and a soiled seedling fed from the thin film peeling device is sandwiched in an upright posture and conveyed. And a grounding rolling wheel supporting the front side of the machine, and rolling on the pressure-reducing surface suppressed by the grounding rolling wheel to cooperate with the grounding rolling wheel. It arranged a gauge wheel for supporting the said ground rolling the width of the gauge wheel
The width is set to be equal to or smaller than the width of the driving wheel, and the seedlings with soil are fed out from the transport conveyor into the planting groove formed on the pressure- reducing surface.

In the transplanter constructed as described above, the machine body is supported at two points, that is, the ground contact rolling wheel and the gauge wheel, and the gauge wheel is made to roll on the compression surface by the ground contact rolling wheel. The aircraft sinks in parallel by the amount of grounding wheel sinking, which causes the opener to move at a certain height level and in a certain posture, and as a result, the depth of the planting groove formed by the opener is It is constant regardless of the hardness. Further, since the machine body moves due to the rolling of the ground contact rolling wheel and the gauge wheel, even if the weight is heavy, not much force is required for towing.

In the present invention, the above-mentioned transport conveyor includes a first conveyor for holding the root block portion of the soil-bearing seedlings fed from the thin film peeling device, and a second conveyor for holding the leaf portions of the soil-bearing seedlings. In this case, the second conveyor is arranged so that its start end overlaps with the upper end of the first conveyor. By configuring the conveyor in two stages in this way,
First, the first conveyor clamps the root block part of the soil-bearing seedlings fed from the thin-film peeling device, and thus the leaf portion of the soil-bearing seedlings fed from the thin-film peeling device and the seedlings in the subsequent continuous pots. Even if the leaves overlap, the soiled seedlings can be stably transported one by one. Moreover, since the starting end of the second conveyor overlaps the ending end of the first conveyor, the second seedling is removed before the soiled seedlings leave the first conveyor.
The conveyor securely holds the leaves of the soil-bearing seedlings, and the soil-bearing seedlings do not drop during transportation.

Further, the pot seedling guide portion is formed from a guide plate which is separate from the machine body, and the guide plate is attached to the machine body in a height adjustable manner, and from the guide plate to the inside of the conveying path of the conveyor. The support bar for supporting soil seedlings may be extended. In this case, since the soil-bearing seedlings taken out of the pot by the thin film peeling device are sent to the conveyor while being supported by the support bar, by adjusting the mounting height of the guide plate, that is, the installation height of the support bar, The transfer height of the seedlings can be arbitrarily changed, and the feeding position of the seedlings into the planting groove is changed accordingly, and the planting depth of the seedlings is changed.

The present invention is a fuselage whose rear side is inclined downward.
In, provided a driving mechanism of a thin film peeling apparatus and transfer conveyors
However, the drive mechanism controls the speed of thin film peeling by the thin film peeling device.
Components under the fuselage except the gear pair for speed change
The gear pair for speed change is removed from the upper surface of the machine body.
It can be configured to be arranged in a gear box that is freely attached . By configuring in this way, the upper surface of the machine body is opened, it is possible to visually confirm the operation status of the thin film peeling device and the conveyer, and it becomes possible to quickly deal with trouble occurrence, if necessary. Gear box
The peeling speed of the thin film can be easily changed by removing
It Further, as the power source of the drive mechanism of the thin film peeling apparatus and the conveyer, it is possible to use the above-mentioned grounded rolling wheels, in which case not only a special power source such as a motor becomes unnecessary, but also the machine body. The thin film peeling device and the belt conveyor can be easily synchronized with the moving speed of the.

According to the present invention, a towing handle is provided on the front portion of the machine body so as to be vertically swingable, and a lock / unlock for restricting and releasing the swinging of the handle is provided between the handle and the machine body. A lock mechanism may be interposed. By providing a swingable traction handle, the handle can be moved to a force point that is suitable for the operator, and the traction force can be effectively transmitted to the aircraft. In addition, if you want to rotate the aircraft. For example, the lock / unlock mechanism locks the handle to tilt the machine body and allows the ground drive wheel to rotate in a small turn around the axis.

[0015]

[0016]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 4 show the overall structure and use mode of an implanter according to an embodiment of the present invention. This transplanter intends to continuously transplant seedlings 3 raised using the aggregate 2 of the continuous pots 1, and the continuous pots 1 have two strip-shaped thin films 4A, 4A, as shown in FIG. Four
B is joined with a water-resistant adhesive at a predetermined pitch, and the joints (connecting pieces) 5 are connected to each other to form a pot 6, and the assembly 2 is a continuous pot 1 It has a structure in which are laminated with a water-soluble adhesive. At the time of raising seedlings, the aggregate 2 in a compressed state is spread out in a honeycomb shape and stored in a raising seedling box (not shown), seeded with soil, and intensively raised and managed for a certain period in a greenhouse or the like. Then, the water-soluble adhesive is degenerated by the irrigation during the raising of seedlings, and after raising the seedlings, one end of the continuous pot 1 is pulled to easily separate the aggregated 2 of the continuous pots 1 as shown in FIG. It is possible to pull out in one line.

The transplanting machine is equipped with a machine body 10 having an opener 11 provided on the lower surface on the rear side of the traveling direction F thereof.
Above the front of the traveling direction F (hereinafter, this traveling direction F
From the front side of the machine body to the front side of the machine body, and the opposite side to the rear side of the machine body), in order from the pot seedling placing section 12 on which the aggregate 2 of the continuous pots 1 is placed, and the pot seedling placing section 12 A pot seedling guide portion 13 that guides the drawn continuous pots 1 in a line, and two thin films 4A and 4B of the continuous pot 1 pulled out from the pot seedling guide part 13 are peeled to the left and right to A thin film peeling device 14 for exposing the seedlings 2 with soil and a soiled seedling 7 fed from the thin film peeling device 14
Conveyor 15 for sandwiching and conveying to the rear side of the machine while standing upright
And are provided. The potted seedling guide portion 13, the thin film peeling device 14, and the conveyor 15 will be described in detail later.

The fuselage 10 is here a wide main plate.
16 and a narrow sub plate 17 connected to the rear end of the main plate 16.
The opener 11 is disposed on the lower surface of the. The main plate 16 and the sub plate 17 are connected so as to intersect each other at a predetermined angle, and when the sub plate 17 is placed horizontally on the field G, the main plate 16 moves from the front side of the machine body to the rear side of the machine body. A relatively large angle (about 30 degrees)
It is designed to incline downward.

As shown in FIG. 5, the opener 11 has a box shape with a bottom, and the front end is closed at an acute angle and the rear end is open. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5, the sub-plate 17 has a slit 17a of a predetermined length in the widthwise center on the rear end side thereof. The opener 11 has a sharpened portion 11a at the tip thereof on the front side of the machine body. It is fixed to the lower surface of the sub-plate 17 so that the upper end opening is aligned with the slit 17a. The slit 17a of the sub-plate 17 is used as an outlet for the soil-bearing seedlings 7 transported by the transport conveyor 15,
Passes through the slit 17a, enters the opener 11, and is discharged into the planting groove M (FIG. 4) formed by the opener 11. The sharpened portion 11a of the opener 11 is provided with a chisel 18 for ensuring that it bites into the soil. Further, from the sub-plate 17, a pair of earth moving plates 19 for scraping the soil toward the soil-bearing seedlings 7 discharged into the planting groove M and the soil around the transplanted soil-bearing seedlings 7 are suppressed. A squeeze wheel 20 is provided to extend rearward.

On the other hand, the main plate 16 which constitutes the machine body 10
A grounding rolling wheel 21 that supports the front side of the machine body and a gauge wheel 22 that supports the rear side of the machine body are provided on the lower side. The grounded rolling wheel 21 and the gauge wheel 22 are fixed to the lower surface of the main plate 16 and have a power transmission mechanism D (to be described later with reference to FIG. 12).
The bracket 23 is rotatably attached to the front ends of a pair of brackets 24 and 25 extending from the left and right side surfaces of a box 23 in which the box 23 is housed. The ground rolling wheel 21 and the gauge wheel 22 are
The respective diameters are set so that the main plate 16 can be inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the field surface G and the sub-plate 17 can be parallel to the field surface G.
Further, the width Wa of the gauge wheel 22 is set to be equal to or smaller than the width Wb of the ground contact rolling wheel 21 as shown in FIG. 6. Therefore, the gauge wheel 22 is suppressed by the ground contact rolling wheel 21. It is designed to roll on the surface. On the other hand, the width Wc of the opener 11 is sufficiently smaller than the width Wa of the gauge wheel 22, and the opener 11 moves on the pressure-reducing surface compressed by the grounding rolling wheel 21 and the planting groove is formed on this surface. M (Figure 4)
To form.

Below the main plate 16, a pair of auxiliary wheels 26 are also arranged. This pair of auxiliary wheels 26
Is a box 23 located on the rear end side of the main plate 16.
The hinge bracket 28 is rotatably attached to the left and right side surfaces of the hinge bracket 28, the base end of which is attached by a common shaft 27 (FIG. 7). Each hinge bracket 28 is configured to be freely rotatable between a solid line position where a stopper piece (not shown) projecting inside is engaged with the lower surface of the box 23 and a two-dot chain line position (approximately 180 degrees). Has become. Each of the hinge brackets 28 is normally urged upward by a spring 29 interposed between an intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the hinge bracket 28 and the main plate 16, so that the pair of auxiliary wheels 26 can move the auxiliary wheels 26. Selectively between the retracted position (solid line position) pulled up to a higher position than the open position and the grounding position (two-dot chain line position) lowered to the rear side of the aircraft so as to be lower than the opener 11. It is supposed to be positioned.

The potted seedling guide portion 13 provided on the machine body 10 is a guide plate separate from the main plate 16 of the machine body 10.
It is formed by 30. As shown in FIG. 7, the guide plate 30 includes a flat plate portion 30a having a triangular shape and the flat plate portion 30a.
It is provided with a pair of standing wall portions 30b which are erected from both sides of a, and the pair of standing wall portions 30b are arranged in a V shape in a plan view. As a result, a guide path 31 is formed on the guide plate 30 and is gradually narrowed from the front side of the machine body to the rear side of the machine body, and the end of the guide path 31 is a narrow passage 32. Then, the continuous pot 1 pulled out from the aggregate 2 on the pot seedling placing portion 12 slides on the guide path 31 and is fed out from the narrow passage port 32 to the rear side of the body. The aggregate 2 of the continuous pots 1 may be transferred from the seedling raising box to the potted seedling placing section 12 or may be placed together with the seedling raising box on the potted seedling placing section 12. Then, I try to put the whole nursery box. In this case, the continuous pot 1 must be pulled out over the edge of the seedling raising box, and therefore, in the present embodiment, between the pot seedling placing portion 12 and the pot seedling guide portion 13 (guide plate 30). A connecting plate 33 is rotatably provided on the connecting plate 33 (FIGS. 1 and 2).
By inserting the free end of the above into the seedling raising box, the upper surface thereof is used as the moving path of the continuous pot 1.

The guide plate 30 is attached to the machine body through the adjusting means 34.
It is mounted at 10 height adjustable. This adjusting means 34
As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a pair of tubular members 35 fixed to the outer surfaces of the left and right standing wall portions 30b of the guide plate 30 are provided.
And a pair of columns 36 standing on the main plate 16 to fit the tubular members 35, and a fixing screw 37 screwed into the tubular members 35 from the outside in the radial direction. As a result, the guide plate 30 is positioned at an appropriate height level by appropriately changing the fitting depth of the tubular member 35 with respect to the column 36 and fixing the position with the fixing screw 37. On the other hand, on the lower surface of the guide plate 30, a base end portion of a support bar 38 having a tip end portion extended into the conveyance path of the conveyance conveyor 15 is fixed. The support bar 38 serves to support the continuous pot 1 that has passed through the passage 32 of the guide plate 30 and the soil-bearing seedlings 7 taken out from each pot 6 by the thin film stripping device 14, and its height The level is also adjusted integrally with the guide plate 30.

The thin film stripping device 14 includes a pair of left and right guide members 40 which are arranged to face the passage opening 32 of the pot seedling guide portion 13.
A and 40B, two pull-out roller pairs 41A and 41B that are arranged outside the guide members 40A and 40B and offset toward the front side of the machine body from the guide members 40A and 40B, and outside and from each pull-out roller pair 41A and 41B. Two take-up reels 42A and 42B are arranged on the front side of the machine body so as to be offset from each other. Drawer roller pair 41
The A, 41B and the take-up reels 42A, 42B are designed to be rotationally driven in synchronization by a power transmission mechanism D (FIG. 12), which will be described later. The thin films 4A and 4B bypass the guide members 40A and 40B in accordance with the rotation of the respective pull-out roller pairs 41A and 41B, are drawn to the front side of the machine body, and are further wound onto the corresponding take-up reels 42A and 42B. become.

As shown in FIG. 7, one of the two rollers constituting each of the pull-out roller pairs 41A and 41B, one roller 43 disposed inside, is fixedly provided, while The other roller 44 arranged on the outer side is provided at one end of a revolving arm 46 which is mounted on the main plate 16 of the machine body 10 so as to be revolvable around a pin 45. Swivel arm
46 is always urged by a spring 47 interposed between the other end and the main plate 16 in a direction in which the other roller 44 is pressed against one roller 43, and a pair of pull-out rollers 41A, 41.
B is a clamping force corresponding to the biasing force of the spring 47, and the thin films 4A, 4A
It is designed to hold B and pull it out. In addition, with the roller 43
It is desirable to provide irregularities such as serrations on the peripheral surface of 44 in order to increase the frictional resistance with the thin films 4A and 4B.

On the other hand, each of the take-up reels 42A, 42B comprises a cylindrical portion 48 having a plurality of longitudinally extending slits 48a on its peripheral surface, and a disc portion 49 integrated at the lower end of the cylindrical portion 48. A main body 50 is provided, and the reel main body 50 is attached to a rotary shaft 51 extending from the inside of the box 23 under the machine body 10. The slit 48a provided in the cylindrical portion 48 serves to insert one end of each thin film 4A, 4B,
Each thin film 4 inserted into the cylindrical portion 48 through the slit 48a
By bending one ends of A and 4B in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the reel body 50, the thin films 4A and 4B can be easily locked to the reel body 50. A slipping mechanism (not shown) that causes slipping when the torque exceeds a predetermined value is interposed between the reel body 50 and the rotating shaft 51, and the number of windings of the thin films 4A and 4B ( The peripheral speed of the reel unit 50 is adjusted according to the winding diameter.

The transfer conveyor 15 includes a first conveyor 52 for holding the root block portion 7a of the soil-bearing seedling 7 fed from the thin film peeling device 14 and a second conveyor 52 for holding the leaf portion 7b of the soil-bearing seedling 7. It is roughly configured by a conveyor 53. The first conveyor 52 has a starting end that is a guide member 40 of the thin film stripping apparatus 14.
The second conveyor 53 is positioned so as to approach the A and 40B, while the second conveyor 53 is arranged so as to wrap its starting end above the ending end of the first conveyor 52. In the present embodiment, the first and second conveyors 52 and 53 are composed of a pair of belt conveyors, and the respective endless belts 54,
55 is wound around each pair of drive pulleys 56 and 57 and driven pulleys 58 and 59 (FIG. 3). The drive pulleys 56 and 57 are attached to rotating shafts 60 and 61 extending from the inside of the box 23 under the machine body 10, and the driven pulley 58 on the side of the first conveyor 52 is a rotation member which is erected on the main plate 16. The driven pulley 59 on the side of the second conveyor 53 is rotatably attached to the support shaft 62 on a rotary support shaft 63 provided on the sub plate 17 (FIG. 3). The endless belts 54 and 55 are
It is desirable to have a structure in which a material having flexibility is arranged at least in the surface layer portion thereof so as not to damage the root block portion 7a or the leaf portion 7b of the soiled seedling 7.

The drive mechanisms for the thin film stripping device 14 and the conveyer conveyor 15 configured as described above are as follows. That is, one end portion of the rotary shaft 64 of the ground rolling wheel 21 bridged between the pair of brackets 24 has one end shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, a movable sprocket 66 is slidably fitted through a clutch mechanism 65. The clutch mechanism 65 is
One end is locked to a spring bearing 67 fixed to one end of the rotating shaft 64, and a spring 68 that normally urges the movable sprocket 66 toward the inside a ₁ of the machine body and a mounting plate 69 extending from the bracket 24 through a pin 70 are provided. Attached so that it can be swung horizontally
71, an operating lever 72 connected to the link 71 so as to be swingable in the vertical direction, and a projection provided on the peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 64 so as to be fitted into a groove 73 provided in a boss portion of the movable sprocket 66. It consists of 74.

In the clutch mechanism 65 described above, the groove 73 is formed according to the position of the link 71 operated by the operation lever 72.
The fitting / non-fitting state of the projection 74 with respect to the is selected, and the movable sprocket 66 is detached from the rotation shaft 64. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 9, when the operation lever 72 is moved to the outside a ₂ of the machine, the tip of the link 71 escapes from the movable sprocket 66 to the inside a _{1 of the} machine, and the movable sprocket 66 is urged by the spring 68. The protrusion 74 is fitted in the groove 73 by sliding to the inside a _{1 of the} machine body, and the movable sprocket 66 is operatively connected to the rotary shaft 64. On the other hand, when the operation lever 72 is moved to the inside a ₁ of the machine body from this state as shown in FIG. 11, the link 71 pushes the movable sprocket 66 to the outside a ₂ of the machine body against the urging force of the spring 68. The groove 73 of the movable sprocket 66 is disengaged from the protrusion 74, and the movable sprocket 66 becomes free to rotate. The operation lever 72 is adapted to be selectively fixed in its horizontal position by engaging with a crank groove (not shown) provided in a mounting plate 69 extending from the bracket 24.

On the other hand, in the box 23 under the fuselage 10, FIG.
The horizontal shaft 75 constituting the power transmission mechanism D as shown in FIG.
Is provided. The horizontal shaft 75 is rotatably bridged between the left and right side walls of the box 23.
A sprocket 76 is fixed to one end of the sprocket. Then, the sprocket 76 and the grounding rolling wheel
A chain 77 is hung around a movable sprocket 66 provided on the rotary shaft 64 of 21 and a horizontal shaft 75 is mounted on the horizontal shaft 75 via the movable sprocket 66, the clutch mechanism 65, the chain 77 and the sprocket 76. The rotation of is transmitted.

The power transmission mechanism D in the box 23 is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG.
₁ , a power transmission mechanism D ₂ for a conveyer conveyor, and a power distribution mechanism D ₃ for distributing the rotation of the ground rolling wheel 21 to both the transmission mechanisms D ₁ and D ₂ . The power distribution mechanism D ₃ includes the horizontal shaft 75 described above, and also includes a vertical shaft 80 that extends in the vertical direction in the box 23 and is rotatably disposed. The power transmission between the horizontal shaft 75 and the vertical shaft 80 is
It is designed to be carried out by way of a timing belt 83 which is wound around the timing pulleys 81 and 82 mounted on both shafts in a strung state. By thus wrapping around the timing belt 83 in the straddled state, a complicated motion conversion mechanism using a bevel gear or the like becomes unnecessary and the structure is simplified. A pair of sprockets 84 and 85 are attached to the vertical shaft 80, and from the power distribution mechanism D ₃ to the power transmission mechanism D ₁ for the thin film peeling device and the power transmission mechanism D ₂ for the conveyor.
The power distribution to the motor is performed via the pair of sprockets 84 and 85.

The power transmission mechanism D ₁ for the thin film stripping apparatus receives a power from one sprocket 84 in the power distribution mechanism D ₃ and rotates, and a speed change gear pair 86, and this speed change gear pair 86.
Direction change gear pair that rotates according to the rotation of one side gear
87, and the two gears of the direction changing gear pair 87 are connected to the pull-out roller pairs 41A and 41B and the take-up reel 42A.
Power is transmitted to the left and right independently of the 42B. The number of teeth of the two gears of the direction changing gear pair 87 is the same, and therefore, the left and right pull-out roller pairs 41
The A and 41B and the left and right take-up reels 42A and 42B rotate in the opposite directions at the same speed. In this case, the rotation speeds of the pull-out roller pairs 41A and 41B and the take-up reels 42A and 42B are changed by changing the gear ratio of the speed-changing gear pair 86. As shown, the speed change gear pair 86 is arranged in a gear box 88 which is detachably attached to the machine body 10. By arranging the speed change gear pair 86 on the machine body 10 in this manner, the gear box 88 can be removed and the two gears of the gear pair 86 can be easily replaced, and the gear ratio can be easily changed. become able to.
Incidentally, the speed change can be changed also by changing the sprocket ratio between the sprocket 84a of the power distribution mechanism D sprocket 84 and the thin film peeling device for the power transmission mechanism D ₁ in _3.

On the other hand, the power transmission mechanism D ₂ for the conveyer
Is interposed between the rotating shaft 89 that rotates by receiving power from the other sprocket 85 in the power distribution mechanism D ₃ and the pair of drive pulleys 56 and 57 of the first and second conveyors 52 and 53. And the direction change gear pair 90. In this case, the number of teeth of the two gears of the direction changing gear pair 90 is the same, and therefore, the pair of endless belts 54, 55 forming the first and second conveyors 52, 53 are opposite to each other. The first conveyor 52 and the second conveyor 53 rotate at the same speed, and the conveying speed is the same. In the present embodiment, the pulley ratio in the drive mechanism is set so that the transport speed of the seedlings with soil 7 by the first and second conveyors 52, 53 is the same as the moving speed of the machine body 10. There is.

The transplanting machine according to the present embodiment is designed to be towed by human power, and the front part of the machine body 10 is
T-shaped towing handle consisting of shaft 91 and handle 92
93 is provided. The handle 93 is swingable in the vertical direction by having its shaft portion 91 pivotally mounted on a U-shaped mounting bracket 94 fixed to the front end of the box 23 under the machine body using a shaft 95. There is. A lock / unlock mechanism 96 that restricts the swing of the handle 93 and releases the restriction is interposed between the handle 93 and the mounting bracket 94. This locking / unlocking mechanism 96 is attached to the tip of this lever 98, and a lever 98 in which the middle part is pivotally attached to the shaft 91 of the handle 93 using a shaft 97 so that it can swing in the vertical direction. Pin 99, a cam 100 integrally formed on the peripheral surface of the mounting bracket 94, a groove 101 provided on the peripheral surface of the mounting bracket 94 so as to be connected to the cam 100, and a shaft portion of the pin 99 and the handle 93.
The tension spring 102 is interposed between the extension spring 102 and the tip portion of 91.

In the lock / unlock mechanism 96,
The pin 99 at the tip of the lever 98 is the cam 10 provided on the mounting bracket 94.
It is slidable on 0 and fits in the groove 101. As a result, the lever 98 is now operated and the pin 99 is cammed.
When a vertical force is applied to the handle 93 while it is placed on the handle 100, the pin 99 slides on the cam 100 and the handle 93 is allowed to swing in the vertical direction (FIG. 13). On the other hand, when the handle 93 is swung upward from this state by a certain angle or more, the pin 99 is fitted into the groove 101 on the mounting bracket 94, and at this time,
Since the pin 99 is biased by the tension spring 102 in the groove bottom direction, the pin 99 is immovable and the handle 93 is locked (FIG. 15). To release this lock, the other end of the lever 98 is pushed down to disengage the pin 99 from the groove 101, and at the same time, the handle 93 is slightly swung downward, which allows the handle 93 to freely swing ( Free). In this case, the limit of the downward swing of the handle 93 is at the position where the shaft portion 91 abuts the U-shaped bottom of the mounting bracket 94 (see FIG. 13).
Therefore, in the handle 93, the shaft 91 of the handle 93 is in contact with the U-shaped bottom of the mounting bracket 94, and the pin 99 of the lock / unlock mechanism 96 is fitted in the groove 101. It can be freely rocked to and from the position.
The shaft 91 of the handle 93 is composed of two shaft members 91a and 91b that are slidably fitted to each other.
By appropriately changing the fitting depth of the one shaft member 91a, 91b and fixing them by the screw member 103, the handle length suitable for the user can be obtained.

The transplanting operation by the transplanter configured as described above will be described below. At the time of transplantation, the movable sprocket 66 is made free by operating the operating lever 72 of the clutch mechanism 65 provided on the rotary shaft 64 of the grounded rolling wheel 21 in advance. Then, after the assembled seedlings 2 are placed on the pot seedling placement portion 12 on the machine body 10, the continuous pot 1 is pulled out from the aggregate 2 through the passage opening 32 of the guide plate 30, and the end portion side The two thin films 4A and 4B are manually peeled off to an appropriate length, and each thin film 4A
A and 4B bypass the guide members 40A and 40B of the thin film stripping device 14 and are pulled out to the front side of the machine body, and then a pair of pulling rollers 41A,
It guides to the corresponding winding reel 42A, 42B side through 41B, and each thin film 4A, 4 is inserted in the slit 48a of the reel main body 50.
Insert the tip of B and stop. At this time, the revolving arm 46 is revolved against the urging force of the spring 47, and the pull-out roller pair 41 is rotated.
One roller 44 of A and 41B is separated from the other roller 43, so that the thin films 4A and 4B can be easily passed through the pull-out roller pair 41A and 41B.

After the completion of the above preparation, the handle 93 is grasped and the transplanter is towed to the starting point of planting and aligned in the transplanting direction. At this time, the lever 98 of the lock / unlock mechanism 96 is operated to disengage the pin 99 from the groove 101, and the towing handle 93 is left free. Then, the operating lever 72 of the clutch mechanism 65 is operated to connect the movable sprocket 66 to the rotary shaft 64 of the grounded rolling wheel 21, and the handle 93 is pulled to advance the machine body 10 in the traveling direction F. Then, the preceding ground rolling wheel 21 rolls on the field surface G to suppress the soft soil in the upper layer, and the following gauge wheel 22 moves this ground rolling wheel 21.
Therefore, the machine body 10 moves on the field surface G while sinking in parallel by the sinking amount of the ground rolling wheels 21. In this case, since the positional relationship between the gauge wheel 22 and the opener 11 is constant, the opener 11 moves in a constant posture at a constant height level, and as a result, the opener 11 moves.
The depth of the planting groove M formed by 11 is constant regardless of the hardness of the field surface. Further, since the handle 93 swings up and down within a predetermined angle range, the handle 93 moves to a force point suitable for an operator (towing person), and the towing force can be effectively transmitted to the machine body 10. Therefore, the towing becomes easy.

On the other hand, as the machine body 10 advances, the rotation of the grounding rolling wheels 21 changes from the power distribution mechanism D ₃ to the power transmission mechanism D ₁ for the thin film peeling device and the power transmission mechanism D ₂ for the conveyor.
And the drawing roller pair 41A, 41 in the thin film peeling device 14
B and the take-up reels 42A and 42B rotate, and at the same time, the first conveyor 52 and the second conveyor 53 in the transfer conveyor 15
And rotate. Then, when the pull-out roller pair 41A, 41B in the thin film peeling device 14 rotates, each thin film 4 sandwiched by this pair.
A tensile force is applied to A and 4B, and a force in the peeling direction is applied to the continuous pot 1, so that the joint portion 5 (FIG. 3) of the two thin films 4A and 4B is continuously peeled left and right. These two thin films 4
By peeling off A and 4B, the seedlings 3 in each pot body 6 are sequentially exposed with soil, and the seedlings 7 with soil are delivered one by one toward the first conveyor 52 of the transport conveyor 15.

In the seedlings with soil 7 fed from the thin film peeling device 14, the starting end of the first conveyor 52 is a guide member 40A,
The pair of endless belts 54 of the first conveyor 52 immediately due to the fact that it is arranged close to the 40B and there is a reaction when peeling.
(FIG. 3), the root block 7a is sandwiched and conveyed to the rear side of the machine body. Since the root block portion 7a is first sandwiched by the first conveyor 52 in this way, the leaf portion 7 of the soil-bearing seedling 7 fed from the thin film peeling device 14 is firstly sandwiched.
Even if b and the leaf portion 3a (FIG. 4) of the seedling 3 in the subsequent continuous pot 1 overlap, there is no concern that the first conveyor 52 holds the leaf portion 3a of the succeeding seedling 3 and pulls it out. Instead, the seedlings 7 with soil can be stably transported one by one. In addition, soil seedling 7
Is a support bar 38 extended from the guide plate 30 of the pot seedling guide section 13.
Since it moves toward the first conveyor 52 while being supported by, the adjusting means 34 conveys it at a predetermined constant height. When the soiled seedling 7 is taken out from the pot body 6, the soil released from the root block portion 7a falls on the upper surface of the machine body 10. However, as shown in FIG. By opening the chute S extending to the upper surface of the machine body, the loosened soil drops onto the field surface through the chute S, and the upper surface of the machine body is maintained in a clean state.

The thin films 4A and 4B drawn by the pair of drawing rollers 41A and 41B are gradually taken up by the corresponding take-up reels 42A and 42B. At this time, each take-up reel 42A, 42B
As described above, the slip mechanism (not shown) is activated according to the increase of the winding diameter to adjust the rotation speed of the reel unit 50, so that unnecessary tension is not applied to the thin films 4A and 4B. No force is applied and the thin films 4A and 4B are smoothly wound.

The soil-bearing seedlings 7 conveyed to the rear side of the machine by the first conveyor 52 have their leaf portions 7b held between a pair of endless belts 55 of the second conveyor 53 near the end of the first conveyor 52. It Then, the root block 7a of the soil-bearing seedling 7 is discharged from the pair of endless belts 54 of the first conveyor 52, and at the same time, the whole is transferred to the second conveyor 53 and further toward the rear side of the machine body. Be transported. At this time, since the end of the first conveyor 52 and the start of the second conveyor 53 overlap each other, while the root block portion 7a of the soil-grown seedling 7 is held by the first conveyor 52. Second
The conveyor 53 holds the leaf portion 7b of the soil-bearing seedling 7, and therefore the soil-bearing seedling 7 is reliably delivered from the first conveyor 52 to the second conveyor 53. If the end of the first conveyor 52 and the start of the second conveyor 53 do not overlap each other, the leaves 7b of the soil-bearing seedlings 7 conveyed by the first conveyor 52 are moved to the front side of the machine body. In the case where the soiled seedlings 7 are lying down, there is a risk that the soil-bearing seedlings 7 are released before the second conveyor 53 holds the leaf portions 7b, and the delivery of the soil-bearing seedlings 7 becomes unstable.

By the way, the transfer speed of the transfer conveyor 15 including the first and second conveyors 52 and 53 is as described above.
It is set to be the same as the moving speed of 10. Therefore, the peeling speed of the two thin films 4A and 4B by the thin film peeling device 14 can be set to be smaller or larger than the carrying speed of the carrying conveyor 15. For example, the transportation pitch of the soil-bearing seedlings 7 transported by the transportation conveyor 15 is larger or smaller than the mutual distance between the pots 6 in the continuous pot 1. In this case, the peeling speed of the thin film by the thin film peeling device 14 can be arbitrarily changed by changing the gear ratio of the speed change gear pair 86 in the thin film peeling device power transmission mechanism D ₁ shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, since the speed change gear pair 86 is arranged in the gear box 88 on the machine body 10, it is easy to remove the gear box 88 and replace each gear of the gear pair 86. The gear ratio can be changed.

The soil-bearing seedling 7 being conveyed to the rear side of the machine by the second conveyor 53 has its leaf portion 7b sandwiched, so that the portion below the leaf portion 7b is located as shown in FIG. It hangs vertically under its own weight. And the second conveyor
Since 53 is inclined downward toward the rear side of the body together with the main plate 16, the vertically hanging portion of the soil-bearing seedling 7 passes through the slit 17a (Fig. 5) of the sub-plate 17 from the middle of its transportation. , Gradually enters the opener 11 and moves into the planting groove M formed by the opener 11. On the other hand, the soil around the planting groove M formed by the opener 11 collapses at the passage mark at the same time when the opener 11 passes, and the soiled seedlings 7 are captured by the collapsed soil, and at this stage, the second The soiled seedlings 7 are released from the conveyor 53 of. At this time, the moving speed of the airframe 10 and the first,
Since the conveying speed of the soil-bearing seedlings 7 by the second conveyors 52 and 53 is the same as described above, the soil-bearing seedlings 7 being transported by the second conveyor 53 are against the field surface G. The soiled seedling 7 is embedded in the soil while maintaining its vertical posture. Then, around the soil-embedded seedlings 7 buried in the soil, soil is further gathered by the soil adhering plate 19, and the soil thus squeezed is squeezed by the subsequent squeeze wheel 20. It will be surely planted on the field G.

In this way, on the field surface G, a conveyer conveyor
The soil-bearing seedlings 7 transported by 15 are continuously planted, and the planting interval, so-called pitch P between plants (FIG. 4), is the transport speed of the soil-bearing seedlings 7 by the transport conveyor 15 and the soil deposition by the thin film peeling device 14. It is determined by the speed difference from the take-out speed of the seedling 7 (peeling speed of the thin film). In the present embodiment, since the transportation speed of the soil-bearing seedlings 7 by the transportation conveyor 15 is the same as the moving speed of the machine body 10, the pitch P between the stocks can be arbitrarily changed only by changing the peeling speed of the thin film. For example, when the peeling speed of the thin film is set to be sufficiently smaller than the transport speed, the pitch P between the stocks is a distance sufficiently larger than the length of the connecting piece (joint portion) 5 of the continuous pot 1.

On the other hand, the planting depth of the soil-bearing seedlings 7 to be planted on the field surface G depends on the carrying height by the second conveyor 53. When the carrying height is high, shallow planting occurs, and conversely, the carrying height is high. If it is low, it will be planted deep. Therefore, the transfer height by the second conveyor 53 is from the thin film peeling device 14 to the first.
It is determined by the transfer height when the soiled seedlings 7 are delivered to the conveyor 52, that is, the installation height of the support bar 38. Therefore,
For example, when it is desired to deeper the planting depth than the planting depth T shown in FIG.
It suffices to adjust the mounting means 34 for mounting and lower the mounting position of the guide plate 30, whereby the installation height of the support bar 38 is changed to a lower position, and the implantation depth of the soil-bearing seedlings 7 is indicated by the broken line in FIG. It becomes deeper as shown in.

In particular, in this embodiment, since the power transmission mechanism D for the thin film stripping device 14 and the conveyer conveyor 15 is housed together in the box 23 under the machine body 10, the upper side of the machine body 10 is largely opened, The operating conditions of the thin film stripping device 14 and the conveyor 15 can be visually observed, and troubles such as cutting of the thin films 4A and 4B can be quickly dealt with.

In the transplanting work, when the transplantation for one ridge is completed, the transplanting machine is rotated to perform the transplantation for the next ridge.
The operating lever 72 of the clutch mechanism 65 provided on the rotary shaft 64 of 21 is operated to make the movable sprocket 66 free, and then the towing handle 93 is swung upward, so that the pin 99 of the lock unlock mechanism 96 is released. Fit in the groove 101 and lock the handle 93. Since the lock position of the handle 93 is a considerably high position as shown in FIG. 15, when the weight of the puller is applied to the lock position, the aircraft 10 easily lifts up on the rear side with the grounding rolling wheels 21 as the fulcrum. , If the machine body 10 is rotated as it is, the transplanter machine can easily rotate.

After the transplanting work is finished, the auxiliary wheel 26 is rotated from the retracted position (solid line position) to the ground contact position (two-dot chain line position) while lifting the rear side of the machine body 10 as shown in FIG. Then, the gauge wheel 22 and the opener 11 float up from the field G, and the machine body 10 is supported by the auxiliary wheel 26 and the ground contact rolling wheel 21 so that the transplanter can smoothly travel on the road surface. Like

The present invention may be arranged such that the machine body 10 is automatically driven by power instead of human power or is pulled by a tractor or the like. When the machine body 10 is automatically driven by power, for example, an engine or an electric motor is mounted on the machine body 10 and the power is transmitted to the grounded rolling wheels 21, or an electric motor is incorporated into the grounded rolling wheels 21 to It is possible to employ a method of directly rotating the.

The present invention can also use a special power source such as an electric motor or an engine as a drive source for the thin film peeling apparatus 14 and the conveyer conveyor 15 instead of the ground rolling wheel 21 in the above-mentioned embodiment. , In this case, the aircraft 10
Make sure to install these power sources at appropriate points above or below.

Further, the thin film 4 forming the continuous pot 1
The material types of A and 4B are arbitrary, and for example, paper, plastic sheet, cloth or the like can be used. Further, the method of joining these thin films is also arbitrary, and instead of joining with the water-resistant adhesive as in the above-described embodiment, joining with heat or solvent, or sewing can be used.

[0053]

As described above in detail, according to the seedling transplanter of the present invention, the pitch between plants can be arbitrarily changed, and the depth of formation of the planting groove by the opener can be adjusted. It is possible to eliminate the variation in the planting depth of seedlings by keeping the surface constant regardless of the hardness. Moreover, since the rolling of the ground contact rolling wheel and the gauge wheel is used, traction is facilitated, and the present transplanter has a high utility value as a whole.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing the overall structure of an implanter as an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the overall structure of the present transplanter.

FIG. 3 is a plan view schematically showing a mechanical portion of the present transplanter.

FIG. 4 is a side view schematically showing a mechanical portion of the transplanter.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing the shape of an opener used in the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a positional relationship between a grounding rolling wheel used in the present invention, a gauge wheel and an opener.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged plan view showing a main part of a body of the transplanting machine.

FIG. 8 is a side view showing, on an enlarged scale, a main part on the body of the present transplanter.

FIG. 9 is a plan view showing a structure of a clutch mechanism which is a part of a drive mechanism of the present transplanter.

10 is a side view showing the structure of the clutch mechanism shown in FIG.

11 is a plan view showing an operating state of the clutch mechanism shown in FIG.

FIG. 12 is a mechanism diagram schematically showing the structure of a power transmission mechanism in the present transplanter.

FIG. 13 is a side view showing a towing handle provided in the transplanter and its mounting structure.

14 is a plan view showing the attachment structure of the towing handle shown in FIG. 13. FIG.

FIG. 15 is a side view showing a locked state of the towing handle shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 continuous pot, 2 continuous pot assembly, 3 seedlings 4A, 4B thin film, 5 joints, 6 pots 7 soil seedlings, 7a root block part, 7b leaf part 10 bodies, 11 opener 12 pot seedling placement part, 13 Potted seedling guide unit 14 Thin film peeling device, 15 Conveyor 21 Grounding rolling wheel, 22 Gauge ring, 23 Box 26 Auxiliary wheel, 28 Hinge bracket 30 Potted seedling guide unit guide plate, 34 Adjusting means, 38 Support bars 40A, 40B Guide member 41A, 41B Pull-out roller pair 42A, 42B Take-up reel 52 First conveyor, 53 Second conveyor 86 Speed change gear pair, 88 Gear box 93 Towing handle, 96 Lock / unlock mechanism D Power transmission mechanism F Aircraft traveling direction G Field surface M Planting groove

Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-61-249305 (JP, A) JP-A-8-196114 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) A01C 11 / 00-11/02 303

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. A transplanting machine for planting seedlings grown on a field surface by joining two strip-shaped thin films at a predetermined pitch and using a group of continuous pots in which the joined portions are potted together.
On a machine provided with an opener for forming a planting groove on the lower surface on the rear side in the direction of travel, in order from the front side in the direction of travel, a pot seedling placement section for placing the above-mentioned aggregate together with seedlings, and the pot seedling placement section A pot seedling guide part that guides the continuous pots drawn from
A thin film peeling device that pulls out two thin films of a continuous pot pulled out from the pot seedling guide part to take out soiled seedlings from the pot body, and a soiled seedling fed from the thin film peeling device is sandwiched in an upright posture and conveyed. And a grounding rolling wheel supporting the front side of the machine, and rolling on the pressure-reducing surface suppressed by the grounding rolling wheel to cooperate with the grounding rolling wheel. It arranged a gauge wheel for supporting the said ground rolling the width of the gauge wheel
The seedling transplanter is characterized in that the width is set equal to or smaller than the width of the driving wheel, and the soil-bearing seedlings are fed from the transport conveyor into the planting groove formed on the pressure- reducing surface. 2. The transport conveyor comprises a first conveyor for sandwiching a root block portion of soil-bearing seedlings fed from a thin film peeling device, and a second conveyor for sandwiching a leaf portion of the soil-bearing seedlings. 2. The seedling transplanter according to claim 1, wherein the second conveyor has a start end portion that overlaps an upper end portion of the first conveyor. 3. The pot seedling guide part is formed from a guide plate which is separate from the machine body, and the guide plate is attached to the machine body so that the height can be adjusted, and the guide plate to the inside of the conveying path of the conveyor conveys soil. The seedling transplanter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a support bar for supporting the seedlings is extended. 4. A drive mechanism for a thin film peeling device and a conveyer is provided on a machine body whose rear side is inclined downward ,
The moving mechanism changes the peeling speed of the thin film by the thin film peeling device.
All components except the additional gear pair for shifting are arranged under the fuselage.
In addition, the gear pair for speed change can be freely attached to and detached from the upper surface of the machine body.
The seedling transplanter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the transplanter is arranged in a gear box attached to the . 5. A grounding rolling wheel, a thin film peeling device and a carrier.
The seedling transplanter according to claim 4, which is used as a power source for a drive mechanism of a conveyor . 6. A towing handle is provided at the front of the machine when transplanted.
Allows vertical swinging within a specified angle range when towing
The handle is provided between the handle and the body.
Lock / Unlock machine that regulates and releases the swing of
6. The structure according to claim 1, wherein the structure is interposed.
The seedling transplanter according to item 1 .