JP3475455B2 - RTM molding method - Google Patents
RTM molding methodInfo
- Publication number
- JP3475455B2 JP3475455B2 JP23071793A JP23071793A JP3475455B2 JP 3475455 B2 JP3475455 B2 JP 3475455B2 JP 23071793 A JP23071793 A JP 23071793A JP 23071793 A JP23071793 A JP 23071793A JP 3475455 B2 JP3475455 B2 JP 3475455B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- mold
- resin
- pressure
- elastic seal
- molding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Landscapes
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、成形型を使用してＦＲ
Ｐ製品などを成形する方法に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】近年、ＦＲＰ（ガラス繊維強化樹脂）製
品が自動車の外板等の各種成形品に使用されるようにな
った。例えば自動車のエンジンフ−ドをＦＲＰ製とする
場合には、成形品の剛性、強度等を確保するため、ガラ
ス繊維等の強化用繊維を複数枚重ねて予めマット状に成
形し、このガラス繊維マットを金型にセットし、型内に
溶融樹脂を注入して成形するレジントランスファモール
ディング（以下、ＲＴＭという）が採用されている。
【０００３】ＲＴＭに使用する成形型は、図５に示すよ
うに、下型１と上型２との間にキャビティ３を形成し、
キャビティ３の周縁を突合わせてパ−ティング面Ｐとし
たものであって、パ−ティング面Ｐには弾性シール７を
配設する。成形型は、ニッケル鍍金などにより析出成形
した電鋳殻を金型の成形面に使用した電鋳型が多く使用
されている。この金型を用いて、キャビティ３にガラス
繊維マットをセットし、熱硬化性樹脂を上型２の注入口
４から注入し、恒温保持された金型の熱により反応硬化
させる。
【０００４】実開昭６２−５８６１８号公報には、ゴム
又は合成樹脂の弾性材によるシーリング材を下型又は上
型の当り面に装着し、シーリング材に対応する面を仕上
げ面としたモールド成形用型が記載されている。また、
本出願人の出願に係る実開平５−２６３３１号公報に
は、図６に示すように、一方の型２のキャビティ３の周
りにアルミテープ１０を接着した環状弾性シール部材７
を配設し、このシール部材の表面と他方の型１の当り面
でパーティング面Ｐを形成したＲＴＭ成形型が記載され
ている。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ＲＴＭ等の低圧成形法
は、安価な電鋳型が使用できる利点があるが、上記の公
開公報に示されたように上下型のパーティング面を弾性
体でシールしたとき、弾性体が相手方の型に当る面圧が
高過ぎると、樹脂を注入したときに型内のエアーが抜け
ず、型内にエアー溜りができて樹脂が十分に型内に充填
できず、成形品にショートと呼ばれる樹脂の未充填部が
出るなど、成形不良の原因となる。また、弾性体の面圧
が低過ぎると、型内にエアーは溜らないが、注入した樹
脂が漏れてしまい樹脂が型内に均一に充填されず、成形
品にショートが発生する。更に、樹脂が型と弾性体の間
に入り、バリが発生するため、成形後に製品からバリを
除く作業が必要となる。従来この弾性体の面圧調整は、
型内に樹脂を注入してエアー溜り部位や樹脂洩れ部位を
確認し、その都度その部位の面圧を調整する作業を繰返
す必要があるため、非常に手間がかかる。
【０００６】本発明は前記の課題を解決し、型内のエア
ーは充分抜けるが、樹脂漏れは起きないように弾性体の
面圧を容易に調整でき、成形不良を発生させることのな
い成形方法を提供することを目的とするものである。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は、分割型の一方
の型の成形面の周りに他方の型と当接する弾性シールを
配設した金型内に樹脂を注入する成形法において、樹脂
注入圧力を５〜１０Ｋｇ／ｃｍ２とするとき、弾性シー
ルの面圧を２０〜３０Ｋｇ／ｃｍ２に調整するＲＴＭ成
形方法であって、弾性シールを一方の型の成形面の周り
に凹部を形成して配設し、該凹部にシム板を敷込むこと
により弾性シールの面圧を前記所定値の範囲に調整す
る。
【０００８】
【作用】型内のエアーは充分抜けるが、樹脂漏れは起き
ないように弾性シールの面圧を所定の範囲に容易に調整
することができ、製品に成形不良を発生させない。
【０００９】
【実施例】本発明の実施例を図面を参照して説明する。
図３は下型の平面図、図４は金型の正面図、図１は、図
３のＸ−Ｘ線に沿う部分の金型の一部断面図である。下
型１のキャビティ３の周りを取囲む部位に凹溝を形成し
て弾性シール７を装着する。下型１と上型２の周りに
は、型締時に下型１と上型２との間に突き当てブロック
６を装着するための凹部５をそれぞれ数箇所に設ける。
型締した状態では、図４に示すように、下型１と上型２
の周縁に突き当てブロック６が数箇所に介装される。こ
の金型にプレス機で成形圧力を加えると、突き当てブロ
ック６が圧力を受けて下型１と上型２の間隔を保持する
と共に、弾性シール７に面圧が発生し、キャビティ３の
周りをシールする。熱硬化性樹脂を上型２の注入口４か
ら注入し、恒温保持された金型の熱により反応硬化させ
る。
【００１０】熱硬化性樹脂として充填剤等をコンパウン
ドした不飽和ポリエステル樹脂（２５℃における粘度：
５〜１０ｐｓ）を使用するときに、樹脂注入圧力を５〜
１０Ｋｇ／ｃｍ2（樹脂注入ノズル先端部の実測値）と
する。これは、樹脂のゲル化速度による制約で、樹脂注
入圧力が５Ｋｇ／ｃｍ2未満となると成形不良となり、
また樹脂注入圧力が１０Ｋｇ／ｃｍ2を超えると、プレ
ス機等の設備能力及び金型の強度による制約があるため
である。
【００１１】金型のパ−ティング面に弾性シールを配設
した場合のシール面圧は、上記の樹脂注入圧力としたと
きに、２０〜３０Ｋｇ／ｃｍ2とするのが最適となるこ
とが実験の結果判明した。図２は、樹脂注入圧力とシー
ル面圧との関係の説明図である。シール面圧が２０Ｋｇ
／ｃｍ2未満（図のの領域）では、エアーは逃げるが
樹脂も洩れてしまう。また、シール面圧が３０Ｋｇ／ｃ
ｍ2を超える（図のの領域）と、エアーが抜けなくな
る。エアーは逃げるが樹脂が洩れないシール面圧は、２
０〜３０Ｋｇ／ｃｍ2の範囲（図のの領域）となる。
前記のように、樹脂注入圧力は５Ｋｇ／ｃｍ2以上で１
０Ｋｇ／ｃｍ2を超え（図のの領域）ない範囲とする
必要があるので、図に実線で囲んだ範囲に樹脂注入圧力
とシール面圧を設定する。実際の金型における有効な樹
脂注入圧力とシール面圧の範囲は、キャビティの形状に
よる圧力損失が生ずるので、図に鎖線で模式的に示した
範囲となる。
【００１２】図１において、下型１の凹溝１ａに装着さ
れた弾性シール７は、型締したときに上型２の当り面２
ａと幅Ｄで接触する。この幅Ｄは、シール面圧と弾性シ
ール７を装着する下型１の凹溝１ａの剛性を考慮して決
定する。金型のキャビティ３が図３に示すような単純な
形状の場合は、弾性シール７の面圧を一定にすることは
比較的容易である。しかし、自動車の外板パネルのよう
に、三次元方向に弾性シールの当り面形状が変わる製品
を成形する金型では、下型１の凹溝１ａの底と上型２の
当り面２ａとの間隔Ｌを一定に製作することは極めて困
難となる。また、金型には、製作誤差や温度調節に伴う
熱膨張による歪が発生し、間隔Ｌが金型の部位により変
化する。したがって、一定寸法の弾性シール７を下型１
の凹溝１ａに装着しただけでは、弾性シール７の面圧を
全周に亘り上記の圧力範囲に均一に保つことができなく
なる。
【００１３】本発明では、黄銅、ゴムシート等で０．１
〜０．５ｍｍの範囲で各種厚さのシム板８を用意し、下
型１の凹溝１ａの底と上型２の当り面２ａとの間隔Ｌを
実測し、その部位の下型１の凹溝１ａの底に所望厚さの
シム板８を敷込み、その上に弾性シール７を装着して間
隔Ｌを一定にする。この場合に、弾性シールの圧縮強さ
に応じて求めたシム板厚さに対する面圧との関係を示す
データシートを利用すると、必要とするシム板厚さを概
略設定できる。このようにして弾性シール７の全周に亘
り間隔Ｌを調整した後、感圧紙９を弾性シール７と上型
２の当り面２ａとの間にはさみ込み、所定の成形圧力を
金型に加え型締してシール面圧をチェックし、シール面
圧が上記の圧力範囲内にあることを確認してから実生産
に供する。
【００１４】上記の方法はレジンインジェクション（Ｒ
Ｉ）等の低圧成形法に適用できるのは勿論であり、成形
用樹脂として低粘度の樹脂を使用する場合又は樹脂注入
圧力を大幅に上昇させる場合には、シール面及び弾性シ
ールの装着溝に樹脂の差込みが発生する。この対策とし
ては、硬度の高い弾性シール材を使用し、かつシール面
圧を上昇させるのが有効となる。また、注入口とキャビ
ティの外縁が近い製品形状の金型では、その付近のシー
ル面圧だけを高面圧に設定するのが有効となる。
【００１５】
【発明の効果】本発明は、型内のエアーは充分抜ける
が、樹脂漏れは起きないように弾性シールの面圧を容易
に調整することができ、成形不良を発生させることがな
いと共に、生産性の向上を図ることができる。Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a method for molding a P product or the like. 2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, FRP (glass fiber reinforced resin) products have been used for various molded products such as outer panels of automobiles. For example, when the engine hood of an automobile is made of FRP, a plurality of reinforcing fibers such as glass fibers are laminated and formed into a mat shape in advance to secure the rigidity and strength of the molded product. A resin transfer molding (hereinafter, referred to as RTM) in which a mat is set in a mold and a molten resin is injected into the mold to form the mold. [0003] The molding die used for the RTM has a cavity 3 formed between a lower die 1 and an upper die 2 as shown in FIG.
A peripheral surface of the cavity 3 is abutted to form a parting surface P, and an elastic seal 7 is provided on the parting surface P. As a molding die, an electroforming mold using an electroformed shell formed by deposition using nickel plating or the like on a molding surface of the mold is often used. Using this mold, a glass fiber mat is set in the cavity 3, a thermosetting resin is injected from the injection port 4 of the upper mold 2, and the resin is cured by the heat of the mold kept at a constant temperature. Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 62-58618 discloses a molding method in which a sealing material made of an elastic material such as rubber or synthetic resin is mounted on a contact surface of a lower mold or an upper mold, and a surface corresponding to the sealing material is a finished surface. The mold is described. Also,
Japanese Unexamined Utility Model Publication No. 5-26331 filed by the present applicant discloses an annular elastic seal member 7 in which an aluminum tape 10 is adhered around a cavity 3 of one mold 2 as shown in FIG.
And an RTM mold in which a parting surface P is formed by the surface of the seal member and the contact surface of the other mold 1 is described. [0005] The low-pressure molding method such as RTM has an advantage that an inexpensive electroforming mold can be used. However, as shown in the above-mentioned publication, the upper and lower mold parting surfaces are elastically deformed. When sealing with a body, if the surface pressure of the elastic body against the counterpart mold is too high, the air in the mold will not escape when the resin is injected, and air will remain in the mold and the resin will be sufficiently in the mold. The resin cannot be filled, resulting in molding failure such as an unfilled portion of resin called a short in a molded product. On the other hand, if the surface pressure of the elastic body is too low, air does not accumulate in the mold, but the injected resin leaks, the resin is not uniformly filled in the mold, and a short circuit occurs in the molded product. Further, since the resin enters between the mold and the elastic body and generates burrs, it is necessary to remove burrs from the product after molding. Conventionally, surface pressure adjustment of this elastic body
Since it is necessary to repeat the operation of injecting the resin into the mold to check the air accumulation portion and the resin leakage portion and to adjust the surface pressure at that portion each time, it is extremely troublesome. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and a molding method capable of easily adjusting the surface pressure of an elastic body so as to prevent resin leakage while air in a mold is sufficiently released, and which does not cause molding defects. The purpose is to provide. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a molding method for injecting a resin into a mold in which an elastic seal is provided around a molding surface of one of the split molds and in contact with the other mold. A method of adjusting the surface pressure of the elastic seal to 20 to 30 kg / cm 2 when the resin injection pressure is 5 to 10 kg / cm 2 , wherein the elastic seal is formed around the molding surface of one mold. disposed to form a recess, adjusting the contact pressure of the elastic seal in the range of the predetermined value by writing laid shim plate recess. The air inside the mold is sufficiently released, but the surface pressure of the elastic seal can be easily adjusted within a predetermined range so that resin leakage does not occur, and molding defects do not occur in products. An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
3 is a plan view of the lower mold, FIG. 4 is a front view of the mold, and FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view of the mold along a line XX of FIG. A concave groove is formed in a region surrounding the cavity 3 of the lower mold 1, and an elastic seal 7 is mounted. Around the lower die 1 and the upper die 2, recesses 5 for mounting the abutment block 6 between the lower die 1 and the upper die 2 at the time of die clamping are provided at several places.
In the clamped state, as shown in FIG.
Abutment blocks 6 are interposed at several places around the periphery of. When a molding pressure is applied to this mold by a press machine, the butting block 6 receives the pressure to maintain the space between the lower mold 1 and the upper mold 2, and a surface pressure is generated in the elastic seal 7, and the area around the cavity 3 is generated. Seal. A thermosetting resin is injected from the injection port 4 of the upper mold 2, and is cured by the heat of the mold kept at a constant temperature. An unsaturated polyester resin compounded with a filler or the like as a thermosetting resin (viscosity at 25 ° C .:
5-10 ps) when using resin injection pressure of 5
10 kg / cm 2 (actual measurement value at the tip of the resin injection nozzle). This is a limitation due to the gelling rate of the resin, and when the resin injection pressure is less than 5 kg / cm 2 , molding failure occurs,
Further, when the resin injection pressure exceeds 10 kg / cm 2 , there are restrictions due to the equipment capacity of a press machine and the strength of the mold. Experiments have shown that when the elastic seal is provided on the parting surface of the mold, the optimum seal surface pressure is 20 to 30 kg / cm 2 when the above resin injection pressure is used. It turned out. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the relationship between the resin injection pressure and the seal surface pressure. Seal surface pressure is 20kg
If it is less than / cm 2 (the area shown in the figure), air escapes but resin also leaks. In addition, the sealing surface pressure is 30 kg / c.
If it exceeds m 2 (the area in the figure), air will not escape. Seal surface pressure where air escapes but resin does not leak is 2
The range is from 0 to 30 Kg / cm 2 (area in the figure).
As described above, when the resin injection pressure is 5 kg / cm 2 or more,
Since it is necessary that the pressure does not exceed 0 kg / cm 2 (the area shown in the figure), the resin injection pressure and the sealing surface pressure are set in the range surrounded by the solid line in the figure. The effective resin injection pressure and seal surface pressure in the actual mold are in the range schematically shown by a chain line in the figure because pressure loss occurs due to the shape of the cavity. In FIG. 1, the elastic seal 7 mounted in the concave groove 1a of the lower mold 1 has a contact surface 2 of the upper mold 2 when the mold is clamped.
a and at a width D. The width D is determined in consideration of the seal surface pressure and the rigidity of the concave groove 1a of the lower die 1 on which the elastic seal 7 is mounted. When the cavity 3 of the mold has a simple shape as shown in FIG. 3, it is relatively easy to keep the surface pressure of the elastic seal 7 constant. However, in a mold for molding a product in which the contact surface shape of the elastic seal changes in a three-dimensional direction, such as a car outer panel, the bottom of the concave groove 1a of the lower mold 1 and the contact surface 2a of the upper mold 2 are formed. It is extremely difficult to make the interval L constant. Further, in the mold, a distortion occurs due to a manufacturing error or thermal expansion due to temperature adjustment, and the interval L changes depending on a part of the mold. Therefore, the elastic seal 7 having a certain size is attached to the lower mold 1
It is not possible to maintain the surface pressure of the elastic seal 7 in the above-mentioned pressure range uniformly over the entire circumference by simply mounting the elastic seal 7 in the concave groove 1a. [0013] In the present invention, the brass, rubber sheet, etc.
Shim plates 8 of various thicknesses in the range of 0.5 mm are prepared, and the distance L between the bottom of the concave groove 1a of the lower die 1 and the contact surface 2a of the upper die 2 is actually measured. A shim plate 8 having a desired thickness is laid on the bottom of the concave groove 1a, and an elastic seal 7 is mounted thereon to make the interval L constant. In this case, the required shim plate thickness can be roughly set by using a data sheet indicating the relationship between the shim plate thickness obtained according to the compressive strength of the elastic seal and the surface pressure. After adjusting the interval L over the entire circumference of the elastic seal 7 in this manner, the pressure-sensitive paper 9 is sandwiched between the elastic seal 7 and the contact surface 2a of the upper mold 2, and a predetermined molding pressure is applied to the mold. The mold is clamped to check the seal surface pressure, and after confirming that the seal surface pressure is within the above-mentioned pressure range, it is provided for actual production. The above method is based on resin injection (R
Of course, it can be applied to low pressure molding methods such as I). Resin insertion occurs. As a countermeasure, it is effective to use an elastic sealing material having a high hardness and to increase the sealing surface pressure. In the case of a product-shaped mold in which the outer periphery of the cavity is close to the injection port, it is effective to set only the sealing surface pressure in the vicinity thereof to a high surface pressure. According to the present invention, the air in the mold can be sufficiently released, but the surface pressure of the elastic seal can be easily adjusted so that the resin does not leak, and no molding failure occurs. At the same time, productivity can be improved.
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に使用する金型の要部の断面図。
【図２】樹脂注入圧力とシール面圧との説明図。
【図３】本発明に使用する下型の平面図。
【図４】本発明に使用する金型の正面図。
【図５】従来の金型の断面図。
【図６】従来の他の金型の要部の断面図。
【符号の説明】
１ 下型 ２ 上型 ３ キャビティ ７ 弾性
シール ８ シム板
９ 感圧紙BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a main part of a mold used in the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a resin injection pressure and a seal surface pressure. FIG. 3 is a plan view of a lower mold used in the present invention. FIG. 4 is a front view of a mold used in the present invention. FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a conventional mold. FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a main part of another conventional mold. [Description of Signs] 1 Lower mold 2 Upper mold 3 Cavity 7 Elastic seal 8 Shim plate 9 Pressure sensitive paper
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ // Ｂ２９Ｋ 105:06 Ｂ２９Ｋ 105:06 (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) B29C 39/00 - 39/44 B29C 33/00 - 33/76 B29C 45/00 - 45/84 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 identification code FI // B29K 105: 06 B29K 105: 06 (58) Investigated field (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) B29C 39/00-39 / 44 B29C 33/00-33/76 B29C 45/00-45/84
Claims (1)
を形成して他方の型と当接する弾性シールを配設した金
型内に樹脂を注入する成形法において、樹脂注入圧力を
５〜１０Ｋｇ／ｃｍ２とするとき、前記凹部にシム板を
敷込むことにより、弾性シールの面圧を２０〜３０Ｋｇ
／ｃｍ２に調整することを特徴とするＲＴＭ成形方法。(57) [Claim 1] A recess around the molding surface of one of the split molds
In a molding method in which a resin is injected into a mold provided with an elastic seal that is in contact with the other mold , a shim plate is formed in the recess when the resin injection pressure is 5 to 10 kg / cm 2.
By laying, the surface pressure of the elastic seal is 20 ~ 30kg
/ Cm 2. An RTM molding method characterized by adjusting to / cm 2 .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23071793A JP3475455B2 (en) | 1993-08-25 | 1993-08-25 | RTM molding method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23071793A JP3475455B2 (en) | 1993-08-25 | 1993-08-25 | RTM molding method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0760765A JPH0760765A (en) | 1995-03-07 |
| JP3475455B2 true JP3475455B2 (en) | 2003-12-08 |
Family
ID=16912210
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP23071793A Expired - Fee Related JP3475455B2 (en) | 1993-08-25 | 1993-08-25 | RTM molding method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3475455B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007144994A (en) * | 2005-10-31 | 2007-06-14 | Toray Ind Inc | Method for molding fiber-reinforced plastic, its molding apparatus and molded body |
| CN106275582A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-01-04 | 伟创力电子技术(苏州)有限公司 | Adjustable pressure discharge type photographic head mould pressfitting fixture and using method |
-
1993
- 1993-08-25 JP JP23071793A patent/JP3475455B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0760765A (en) | 1995-03-07 |
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