JP3469604B2 - Gasification method of plastic - Google Patents
Gasification method of plasticInfo
- Publication number
- JP3469604B2 JP3469604B2 JP09301493A JP9301493A JP3469604B2 JP 3469604 B2 JP3469604 B2 JP 3469604B2 JP 09301493 A JP09301493 A JP 09301493A JP 9301493 A JP9301493 A JP 9301493A JP 3469604 B2 JP3469604 B2 JP 3469604B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- reaction
- reaction temperature
- relationship
- water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/54—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals using solvents, e.g. supercritical solvents or ionic liquids
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、プラスチック、すなわ
ちポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン、ポリ
塩化ビニルなどの熱可塑性樹脂、ポリウレタン、メラミ
ン、ＰＥＴなどの熱硬化性樹脂を水素ガス、炭化水素ガ
スなどの有用なガスに転化する方法に関する。INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is useful for producing plastics, that is, thermoplastic resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride, thermosetting resins such as polyurethane, melamine and PET as hydrogen gas and hydrocarbon gas. The method of converting to pure gas.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来、プラスチックは生活廃棄物、産業
廃棄物として膨大な量が排出されており、その処分ある
いは再利用が現在急務の課題となっている。そのため、
これら廃棄物としてのプラスチックをガス化し、再利用
する方法が従来、種々提案されている。その方法の一つ
として、８００℃前後の高温で熱分解する方法が知られ
ているが、塩素ガス、炭酸ガスなど多くの有害ガスの発
生を伴うことなどの問題があった。2. Description of the Related Art In the past, enormous amounts of plastics have been discharged as domestic wastes and industrial wastes, and the disposal or reuse thereof has become an urgent issue. for that reason,
Various methods for gasifying and recycling these plastics as waste have been proposed. As one of the methods, a method of thermally decomposing at a high temperature of about 800 ° C. is known, but there is a problem in that many harmful gases such as chlorine gas and carbon dioxide gas are generated.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】したがって、本発明
は、廃棄されるプラスチックを有効利用するため、簡単
な方法でプラスチックを有用なガス状物質に分解する方
法を提供することを目的とする。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for decomposing plastic into useful gaseous substances in a simple manner in order to make effective use of discarded plastic.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明者は、上記課題を
解決するため、プラスチックのガス化に超臨界水を含む
高温熱水を利用するという手段を採用した。すなわち、
本発明は、プラスチックを反応器内で、反応触媒として
界面活性剤、アルコールから選ばれるものを添加して、
超臨界水を含む高温熱水と接触、反応せしめ、ガス化す
ることを特徴とするプラスチックのガス化方法を提供す
るものである。In order to solve the above problems, the present inventor has adopted a means of utilizing high temperature hot water containing supercritical water for gasification of plastics. That is,
The present invention uses plastic as a reaction catalyst in a reactor.
Add a surfactant or alcohol,
The present invention provides a method for gasifying plastics, which comprises contacting and reacting with high-temperature hot water containing supercritical water to gasify the plastic.
【０００５】この場合、反応器内に予め充填される水の
充填率は反応器内の圧力の大きさに直接影響し、かつ、
得られるガス化率に関係し、目的に応じ適宜選択しうる
が、通常、１容量％以上９０容量％以下、好ましくは５
〜４０容量％の範囲で適宜選択することができる。In this case, the filling rate of the water pre-filled in the reactor directly affects the magnitude of the pressure in the reactor, and
Although it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose in relation to the obtained gasification rate, it is usually 1% by volume or more and 90% by volume or less, preferably 5% by volume or less.
It can be appropriately selected within the range of ˜40% by volume.
【０００６】また、反応温度としては２００℃以上、好
ましくは２５０ないし４５０℃とする。本発明の方法は
ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリスチレン、ポリ塩
化ビニルなどの熱可塑性樹脂、ポリエチレンテレフタレ
ート、ポリウレタン、メラミン樹脂などの熱硬化性樹脂
など、ほとんど全てのプラスチックに適用することがで
きる。The reaction temperature is 200 ° C. or higher, preferably 250 to 450 ° C. The method of the present invention can be applied to almost all plastics such as thermoplastic resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride, and thermosetting resins such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyurethane and melamine resin.
【０００７】本発明の方法は反応器内に予め、反応触媒
（反応助剤）を添加しておく。この場合の反応触媒の例
としては、ＳＤＢＳ（アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸ナト
リウム）などの界面活性剤、メチルアルコール、エチル
アルコールなどのアルコール類を挙げることができる。
なお、反応器としてステンレス鋼製など、金属イオン源
を含むものを用いてもよい。The method of the present invention in advance in the reactor, before addition to the reaction catalyst (reaction aid). Examples of this catalyst when, may be mentioned a surfactant such as SDBS (sodium alkylbenzene sulfonate), methyl alcohol, alcohols such as ethyl alcohol.
A reactor containing a metal ion source such as stainless steel may be used as the reactor.
【０００８】用いられる水としては、純水のほか、上述
のように必要に応じて添加物、例えば触媒を含むもので
あってもよく、また、一度用いられた水を再度利用する
こともできるし、むしろ水を再度利用することによりガ
ス化に好ましい場合もある。これは一度反応に使用した
水に本発明の方法によるガス化に有用な成分（反応助
剤）が含まれることによるものである。As the water used, in addition to pure water, additives such as catalysts may be added as necessary as described above, and water used once may be reused. However, it may be preferable for gasification by reusing water. This is because the water once used for the reaction contains a component (reaction aid) useful for gasification by the method of the present invention.
【０００９】[0009]
【作用】本発明によれば、反応器内での水の充填率、反
応温度、反応時間に応じて、プラスチックを任意の成分
のガス状物質に短時間で改質することができる。According to the present invention, the plastic can be reformed into a gaseous substance of any component in a short time according to the filling rate of water in the reactor, the reaction temperature and the reaction time.
【００１０】[0010]
【実施例】以下、図示の実施例を参照して本発明をより
具体的に説明する。
（参考例１）
図１および図２に示すオートクレーブ装置を用いて、ポ
リ塩化ビニルのガス化実験をおこなった。すなわち、２
４０℃ないし２８０℃までは図１のチューブ型反応容器
を用い、３００℃ないし４００℃までは図２のＨＡＳＴ
ＥＬＬＯＹ−Ｃ製オートクレーブ装置を用いた。図１に
おいて、１は反応容器（公称容量１００ｍｌ）、２はキ
ャップ、３はるつぼ、４は熱電対、５は圧力変換器、６
は温度コントローラー、７は記録計、８はシグナルコン
デショナー、９はボールバルブである。また、図２にお
いて、１１は反応容器（公称容量１００ｍｌ）、１２は
蓋板、１３はヒーター、１４は熱電対、１５は圧力変換
器、１６は温度コントローラー、１７はサイリスタレギ
ュレーター、１８はシグナルコンデショナー、１９はバ
ルブ、２０はコネクター、２１は回転コントローラー、
２２はレコーダーである。The present invention will be described more specifically below with reference to the illustrated embodiments. Reference Example 1 A gasification experiment of polyvinyl chloride was carried out using the autoclave apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Ie 2
The tube-type reaction vessel of FIG. 1 is used at 40 ° C. to 280 ° C., and the HAST of FIG. 2 is used at 300 ° C. to 400 ° C.
An ELLOY-C autoclave device was used. In FIG. 1, 1 is a reaction vessel (nominal volume 100 ml), 2 is a cap, 3 is a crucible, 4 is a thermocouple, 5 is a pressure converter, and 6
Is a temperature controller, 7 is a recorder, 8 is a signal conditioner, and 9 is a ball valve. In FIG. 2, 11 is a reaction vessel (nominal volume 100 ml), 12 is a cover plate, 13 is a heater, 14 is a thermocouple, 15 is a pressure converter, 16 is a temperature controller, 17 is a thyristor regulator, and 18 is a signal conditioner. , 19 is a valve, 20 is a connector, 21 is a rotation controller,
22 is a recorder.
【００１１】実験条件は図１のチューブ型反応容器の場
合は、試料３．０ｇ、純水２６ｃｃ、反応時間２０時間
とした。図２のＨＡＳＴＥＬＬＯＹ−Ｃ製オートクレー
ブ装置の場合は、試料４．０ｇ（但し、４００℃では
０．５ｇとした）、純水４０ｃｃ、反応時間１時間とし
た。なお、実験は反応容器を脱気したのちに行った。以
下に述べる発生ガス量は、容器に残っているガスの量は
入っていない。従って、実際に発生したガス量は、容器
の気相の体積を加えたものになる。図３にガス発生量と
反応温度との関係を示す。図３から明らかなように、ガ
ス発生量は反応温度の上昇とともに著しく増加した。In the case of the tube type reaction vessel of FIG. 1, the experimental conditions were 3.0 g of sample, 26 cc of pure water, and a reaction time of 20 hours. In the case of the HASTELLOY-C autoclave apparatus of FIG. 2, the sample was 4.0 g (however, it was 0.5 g at 400 ° C.), pure water was 40 cc, and the reaction time was 1 hour. The experiment was conducted after deaeration of the reaction vessel. The amount of generated gas described below does not include the amount of gas remaining in the container. Therefore, the amount of gas actually generated is the sum of the volume of the gas phase of the container. FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the gas generation amount and the reaction temperature. As is clear from FIG. 3, the gas generation amount increased remarkably as the reaction temperature increased.
【００１２】また、図４にガス組成と反応温度との関係
を示す。図４から明らかなように、２８０℃までは各成
分の割合はほぼ等しく、ＣＯ2 は約２０％、Ｈ2 は約８
０％であり、その他のガスはほとんど検出されなかっ
た。また３００℃以上ではＨ2が発生ガスのほとんどを
占め、温度の上昇とともに炭化水素ガスが増加した。FIG. 4 shows the relationship between the gas composition and the reaction temperature. As is apparent from FIG. 4, the proportion of each component is almost equal up to 280 ° C., CO 2 is about 20%, and H 2 is about 8%.
0%, and almost no other gas was detected. At 300 ° C. or higher, H 2 occupies most of the generated gas, and the hydrocarbon gas increases as the temperature rises.
【００１３】（参考例２）
図５に示すオートクレーブ装置を用いて、ポリエチレ
ン、ポリプロピレンおよびポリスチレンのガス化実験を
おこなった。ただし、試料がポリエチレンで２４０℃で
の実験においては図１に示すチューブ型オートクレーブ
装置を用いた。なお図５において、３１は反応容器（公
称容量１００ｍｌ）、３２は蓋体、３３はヒーター、３
４は熱電対、３５は圧力変換器、３６は温度コントロー
ラー、３８はシグナルコンデショナー、３９はバルブ、
４０はコネクター、４１は回転コントローラーである。
実験条件はチューブ型オートクレーブ装置を用いた場合
は、試料３．０ｇ、純水２６ｃｃ、反応時間２０時間と
し、図５に示すオートクレーブ装置を用いた場合は、試
料４．０ｇ、純水４０ｃｃ、反応時間６時間とした。図
６にポリエチレン、ポリプロピレンおよびポリスチレン
のそれぞれについてガス発生量と反応温度との関係を示
す。図６から明らかなように、いずれの場合も、ガス発
生量は反応温度の上昇とともに著しく増加した。特にポ
リエチレンでは超臨界状態で著しいガスの発生量が見ら
れた。 Reference Example 2 A gasification experiment of polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene was conducted using the autoclave apparatus shown in FIG. However, in the experiment at 240 ° C. using polyethylene as the sample, the tube type autoclave apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was used. In FIG. 5, 31 is a reaction vessel (nominal volume 100 ml), 32 is a lid, 33 is a heater, 3
4 is a thermocouple, 35 is a pressure converter, 36 is a temperature controller, 38 is a signal conditioner, 39 is a valve,
40 is a connector and 41 is a rotation controller.
The experimental conditions were 3.0 g of sample, 26 cc of pure water and 20 hours of reaction time when using the tube type autoclave, and 4.0 g of sample, 40 cc of pure water and reaction when using the autoclave shown in FIG. The time was 6 hours. FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the gas generation amount and the reaction temperature for each of polyethylene, polypropylene and polystyrene. As is clear from FIG. 6, in any case, the gas generation amount remarkably increased as the reaction temperature increased. Especially in polyethylene, a remarkable amount of gas was observed in the supercritical state.
【００１４】また、図７にポリエチレンからの発生ガス
組成と反応温度との関係、図８にポリプロピレンからの
発生ガス組成と反応温度との関係、図９にポリスチレン
からの発生ガス組成と反応温度との関係を示す。図７か
ら明らかなように、３００℃まではＨ2 ガスが殆どであ
り、残りはＣＯ2 であった。しかし反応温度が３００℃
以上では炭化水素ガスが増加しＣＯ2 は減少した。ま
た、図８から明らかなように、ポリプロピレンからの発
生ガスは３６５℃から４１５℃にかけてＨ2 ガスが増加
し、ＣＯ2 は減少した。炭化水素ガスは常に５０％以上
存在し、殆ど変化しなかった。また、図９から明らかな
ように、ポリスチレンからの発生ガスは３６５℃から４
１５℃の範囲では、炭化水素ガス以外の全てのガスの割
合が温度の上昇とともに減少しており、４１５℃では炭
化水素ガスがほぼ１００％となり、ポリエチレン、ポリ
プロピレンと比較してＣＨ4 の割合が大きく、Ｈ2 の割
合は小さかった。Further, FIG. 7 shows the relationship between the gas composition from polyethylene and the reaction temperature, FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the gas composition from polypropylene and the reaction temperature, and FIG. 9 shows the gas composition from polystyrene and the reaction temperature. Shows the relationship. As is apparent from FIG. 7, most of the H 2 gas was up to 300 ° C., and the rest was CO 2 . However, the reaction temperature is 300 ℃
With the above, the hydrocarbon gas increased and CO 2 decreased. Further, as is clear from FIG. 8, in the gas generated from polypropylene, H 2 gas increased and CO 2 decreased from 365 ° C. to 415 ° C. The hydrocarbon gas was always present at 50% or more and hardly changed. Further, as is clear from FIG. 9, the gas generated from polystyrene is 4 ° C from 365 ° C.
In the range of 15 ° C, the proportions of all gases other than hydrocarbon gas decrease with increasing temperature, and at 415 ° C, the hydrocarbon gas content is almost 100%, and the proportion of CH 4 is lower than that of polyethylene and polypropylene. It was large and the proportion of H 2 was small.
【００１５】（実施例１）
図５に示すオートクレーブ装置を用い、触媒（反応助
剤）としてＳＤＢＳおよびＮａＯＨ（参考例）を添加
し、ポリエチレンのガス化実験をおこなった。実験条件
は試料４．０ｇ、純水４０ｃｃ、反応温度４１５℃、反
応時間２時間、攪拌回転数３００ｒｐｍとした。下記表
１にその結果を示す。Example 1 Using the autoclave apparatus shown in FIG. 5, SDBS and NaOH (reference example) were added as catalysts (reaction aids), and polyethylene gasification experiments were conducted. The experimental conditions were 4.0 g of a sample, 40 cc of pure water, a reaction temperature of 415 ° C., a reaction time of 2 hours, and a stirring rotation speed of 300 rpm. The results are shown in Table 1 below.
【００１６】[0016]
【表１】 [Table 1]
【００１７】この結果からＳＤＢＳおよびＮａＯＨがポ
リエチレンのガス化に有効であることが確認された。Ｎ
ａＯＨを添加した場合と触媒無添加の場合を比較する
と、ガス発生量は３倍以上に増加した。From these results, it was confirmed that SDBS and NaOH are effective for the gasification of polyethylene. N
Comparing the case where aOH was added and the case where no catalyst was added, the gas generation amount increased three times or more.
【００１８】（実施例２）
図５に示すオートクレーブ装置を用い、触媒（反応助
剤）としてＣＨ3 ＯＨ、ＳＤＢＳおよびＮａＯＨ（参考
例）を添加し、ポリスチレンのガス化実験をおこなっ
た。実験条件は試料４．０ｇ、純水４０ｃｃ、反応温度
４１５℃、反応時間２時間、攪拌回転数３００ｒｐｍと
した。下記表２にその結果を示す。Example 2 Using the autoclave device shown in FIG. 5, CH 3 OH, SDBS and NaOH (reference ) as catalysts (reaction aids) were used.
Example) was added and a gasification experiment of polystyrene was performed. The experimental conditions were 4.0 g of a sample, 40 cc of pure water, a reaction temperature of 415 ° C., a reaction time of 2 hours, and a stirring rotation speed of 300 rpm. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
【００１９】[0019]
【表２】 [Table 2]
【００２０】この結果からＣＨ3 ＯＨ、ＳＤＢＳおよび
ＮａＯＨがポリスチレンのガス化に有効であることが確
認され、触媒無添加の場合を比較すると、ガス発生量は
約３倍以上に増加した。From these results, it was confirmed that CH 3 OH, SDBS and NaOH are effective for the gasification of polystyrene, and the gas generation amount increased about three times or more when comparing the case where no catalyst was added.
【００２１】（参考例３）
図５に示すオートクレーブ装置を用いて、ＰＥＴ（ポリ
エチレンテレフタレート）、ポリウレタン、ウレタンフ
ォームおよびメラミンのガス化実験をおこなった。実験
条件は、試料４．０ｇ、純水４０ｃｃ、反応時間６時間
とした。図１０にＰＥＴ、ポリウレタン、ウレタンフォ
ームおよびメラミンのそれぞれについてガス発生量と反
応温度との関係を示す。図１０から明らかなように、温
度３６５℃ではＰＥＴとポリウレタンはほぼ等しいガス
発生量を示したが、温度４１５℃ではＰＥＴのガス発生
量が著しく増加した。 Reference Example 3 Using the autoclave apparatus shown in FIG. 5, a gasification experiment of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), polyurethane, urethane foam and melamine was conducted. The experimental conditions were a sample of 4.0 g, pure water of 40 cc, and a reaction time of 6 hours. FIG. 10 shows the relationship between the gas generation amount and the reaction temperature for each of PET, polyurethane, urethane foam and melamine. As is clear from FIG. 10, at a temperature of 365 ° C., PET and polyurethane showed almost the same gas generation amount, but at a temperature of 415 ° C., the PET gas generation amount remarkably increased.
【００２２】また、図１１にＰＥＴからの発生ガス組成
と反応温度との関係、図１２にポリウレタンからの発生
ガス組成と反応温度との関係、表３に４００℃でのウレ
タンフォームおよびメラミンからの発生ガス組成を示
す。FIG. 11 shows the relationship between the gas composition from PET and the reaction temperature, FIG. 12 shows the relationship between the gas composition from polyurethane and the reaction temperature, and Table 3 shows the relationship between the urethane foam and melamine at 400 ° C. The generated gas composition is shown.
【００２３】[0023]
【表３】 [Table 3]
【００２４】図１１から明らかなように、実験の温度範
囲ではＣＯ2 が全体の７０〜８０％を占めていたが、こ
れはＰＥＴに多量の酸素原子が含まれているためと考え
られ、このことは脱炭酸反応が比較的容易に起こり得る
ことを示唆している。また、３６５℃から４１５℃にか
けてＣＯ2 、ＣＯが減少し、Ｈ2 ガスおよび炭化水素ガ
スが増加した。As is clear from FIG. 11, CO 2 occupies 70 to 80% of the whole in the temperature range of the experiment, which is considered to be because PET contains a large amount of oxygen atoms. This suggests that the decarboxylation reaction can occur relatively easily. Further, CO 2 and CO decreased from 365 ° C. to 415 ° C., and H 2 gas and hydrocarbon gas increased.
【００２５】ポリウレタンについては、図１２から明ら
かなように、ＣＯ2 の占める割合が大きく、３６５℃か
ら４１５℃にかけてＣＯ2 が減少し、ＣＨ4 を含む炭化
水素ガスの割合が増加した。As for the polyurethane, as is clear from FIG. 12, the proportion of CO 2 was large, the CO 2 decreased from 365 ° C. to 415 ° C., and the proportion of hydrocarbon gas containing CH 4 increased.
【００２６】ウレタンフォームおよびメラミンについて
は、表３から明らかなように、ＰＥＴ、ポリウレタンに
比較してＣＯ2 が少なく、Ｈ2 ガスおよび炭化水素ガス
が多い。As is clear from Table 3, urethane foam and melamine contain less CO 2 and more H 2 gas and hydrocarbon gas than PET and polyurethane.
【００２７】（参考例４）
図５に示すオートクレーブ装置を用い、ポリエチレンの
ガス化実験をおこなった。この場合、水の充填率、反応
温度、反応時間が発生ガス量に及ぼす影響について調べ
た。その結果を図１３〜１５に示す。図１３は水の充填
率を変え、反応温度４１５℃、反応時間３時間、ポリエ
チレン試料１０．０ｇとした場合、図１４は反応時間を
変え、水の充填率を４０％、反応温度４１５℃、ポリエ
チレン試料１０．０ｇとした場合、図１５は反応温度を
変え、水の充填率を４０％、反応時間３時間、ポリエチ
レン試料１０．０ｇとした場合をそれぞれ示すものであ
る。 Reference Example 4 A gasification experiment of polyethylene was carried out using the autoclave apparatus shown in FIG. In this case, the effects of the filling rate of water, the reaction temperature, and the reaction time on the amount of generated gas were investigated. The results are shown in FIGS. FIG. 13 shows the case where the filling rate of water is changed, the reaction temperature is 415 ° C., the reaction time is 3 hours, and the polyethylene sample is 10.0 g, and FIG. 14 is the reaction time is changed, the filling rate of water is 40%, the reaction temperature is 415 ° C. When the polyethylene sample is 10.0 g, FIG. 15 shows the case where the reaction temperature is changed, the filling rate of water is 40%, the reaction time is 3 hours, and the polyethylene sample is 10.0 g.
【００２８】ポリエチレン試料量等の実験条件の相違に
よりガスの発生量と組成は若干変化は見られるが、これ
らの結果から明らかなように、水の充填率が低いほど、
反応時間が長いほど、反応温度が高いほど発生ガス量が
多いことが確認された。Although the amount and composition of gas slightly changed due to the difference in experimental conditions such as the amount of polyethylene sample, as is clear from these results, the lower the filling rate of water,
It was confirmed that the longer the reaction time and the higher the reaction temperature, the larger the amount of generated gas.
【００２９】なお、上記のいずれの実施例においても、
反応温度が３７５℃以下の場合は、固体残渣は油状には
なっておらず、反応温度が３７５℃以上のときはプラス
チックの残渣物は非水溶性の油状物質となっている。さ
らに反応温度が高いほどより軽質な油状物質が得られ
る。In any of the above embodiments,
When the reaction temperature is 375 ° C or lower, the solid residue is not oily, and when the reaction temperature is 375 ° C or higher, the plastic residue is a water-insoluble oily substance. Further, the higher the reaction temperature, the lighter the oily substance is obtained.
【００３０】[0030]
【発明の効果】以上詳述したように、本発明によれば、
プラスチックを反応器内で、反応触媒として界面活性
剤、アルコールから選ばれるものを添加して、超臨界水
を含む高温熱水と接触、反応せしめることにより、プラ
スチックを効率良く短時間でガス化することができる。As described in detail above, according to the present invention,
Surface activity of plastic as reaction catalyst in reactor
A plastic can be efficiently gasified in a short time by adding a material selected from an agent and an alcohol and contacting and reacting with high temperature hot water containing supercritical water.
【図１】本発明の方法を実施するために用いられるオー
トクレーブの模式図。FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an autoclave used to carry out the method of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の方法を実施するために用いられるオー
トクレーブの模式図。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an autoclave used to carry out the method of the present invention.
【図３】参考例１における反応温度と発生ガス量との関
係を示す図。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a relationship between a reaction temperature and a generated gas amount in Reference Example 1 .
【図４】参考例１における反応温度と発生ガス組成との
関係を示す図。FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between reaction temperature and generated gas composition in Reference Example 1 .
【図５】本発明の方法を実施するために用いられるオー
トクレーブの模式図。FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an autoclave used to carry out the method of the present invention.
【図６】参考例２における反応温度と発生ガス量との関
係を示す図。FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a relationship between a reaction temperature and a generated gas amount in Reference Example 2 .
【図７】参考例２における反応温度と発生ガス組成との
関係を示す図。FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between reaction temperature and generated gas composition in Reference Example 2 .
【図８】参考例２における反応温度と発生ガス組成との
関係を示す図。FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between reaction temperature and generated gas composition in Reference Example 2 .
【図９】参考例２における反応温度と発生ガス組成との
関係を示す図。9 is a diagram showing the relationship between reaction temperature and generated gas composition in Reference Example 2. FIG.
【図１０】参考例３における反応温度と発生ガス量との
関係を示す図。FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a relationship between a reaction temperature and a generated gas amount in Reference Example 3 .
【図１１】参考例３における反応温度と発生ガス組成と
の関係を示す図。FIG. 11 is a graph showing the relationship between reaction temperature and generated gas composition in Reference Example 3 .
【図１２】参考例３における反応温度と発生ガス組成と
の関係を示す図。FIG. 12 is a graph showing the relationship between reaction temperature and generated gas composition in Reference Example 3 .
【図１３】参考例４における水充填率と発生ガス量との
関係を示す図。FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the relationship between the water filling rate and the amount of generated gas in Reference Example 4 .
【図１４】参考例４における反応時間と発生ガス量との
関係を示す図。FIG. 14 is a diagram showing a relationship between a reaction time and a generated gas amount in Reference Example 4 .
【図１５】参考例４における反応温度と発生ガス量との
関係を示す図。FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a relationship between a reaction temperature and a generated gas amount in Reference Example 4 .
１、１１、３１…反応容器 ２…キャップ ３…るつぼ ４、１４、３４…熱電対 ５、１５、３５…圧力変換器 ６、１６、３６…温度コントローラー １２、３２…蓋体 １３、３３…ヒーター 1, 11, 31 ... Reaction vessel 2 ... Cap 3 ... crucible 4, 14, 34 ... Thermocouple 5, 15, 35 ... Pressure transducer 6, 16, 36 ... Temperature controller 12, 32 ... Lid 13, 33 ... Heater
フロントページの続き (72)発明者 守谷 武彦 宮城県仙台市青葉区中山７丁目２番１号 東北電力株式会社応用技術研究所内 (72)発明者 石井 四郎 千葉県佐倉市大作２丁目４番２号 (56)参考文献 特開 昭59−105079（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特表 昭56−501205（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特表 平４−504556（ＪＰ，Ａ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C10J 3/02 C10B 57/00 C10L 3/00 C10B 3/02 - 3/48 Front page continuation (72) Inventor Takehiko Moriya 72-1 Nakayama, Aoba-ku, Sendai City, Miyagi Prefecture Tohoku Electric Power Co., Inc. Applied Technology Research Laboratory (72) Inventor Shiro Ishii 2-4-2 Daisaku, Sakura City, Chiba Prefecture (56) Reference literature JP-A-59-105079 (JP, A) Special table Sho-56-501205 (JP, A) Special table 4-504556 (JP, A) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7) , DB name) C10J 3/02 C10B 57/00 C10L 3/00 C10B 3/02-3/48
Claims (2)
して界面活性剤、アルコールから選ばれるものを添加し
て、超臨界水を含む高温熱水と接触、反応せしめ、ガス
化することを特徴とするプラスチックのガス化方法。1. A plastic is used as a reaction catalyst in a reactor.
Then add a surfactant or alcohol.
A method for gasifying plastics, which comprises contacting and reacting with high-temperature hot water containing supercritical water to gasify it.
上とすることを特徴とする請求項１記載のプラスチック
のガス化方法。2. The method for gasifying plastic according to claim 1, wherein the filling rate of water in the reactor is 1% by volume or more.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09301493A JP3469604B2 (en) | 1993-04-20 | 1993-04-20 | Gasification method of plastic |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP09301493A JP3469604B2 (en) | 1993-04-20 | 1993-04-20 | Gasification method of plastic |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH06299169A JPH06299169A (en) | 1994-10-25 |
| JP3469604B2 true JP3469604B2 (en) | 2003-11-25 |
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ID=14070598
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP09301493A Expired - Fee Related JP3469604B2 (en) | 1993-04-20 | 1993-04-20 | Gasification method of plastic |
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| Country | Link |
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Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2017115019A1 (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-06 | Forestgas Oy | Arrangement and method for preparing a gas |
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| JP3276546B2 (en) * | 1995-10-23 | 2002-04-22 | 三菱重工業株式会社 | Method of converting chlorine-containing plastic waste to oil |
| JP3921002B2 (en) * | 1998-01-16 | 2007-05-30 | ジェネラル アトミックス インコーポレイティッド | Pressure reactor |
| JP2009030071A (en) * | 2001-09-21 | 2009-02-12 | National Univ Corp Shizuoka Univ | Method for gasifying organic substance |
| KR100855608B1 (en) * | 2008-04-08 | 2008-09-01 | 김영목 | A method for treating waste plasting and apparatus using the same |
| KR101218661B1 (en) * | 2012-06-19 | 2013-01-09 | 김영목 | Clean substitute energy of Hydrogen and apparatus thereof |
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1993
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| WO2017115019A1 (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-06 | Forestgas Oy | Arrangement and method for preparing a gas |
| US10752851B2 (en) | 2015-12-30 | 2020-08-25 | Forestgas Oy | Arrangement and method for preparing a gas |
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