JP3465086B2 - Light control lens sheet, surface light source and transmissive display - Google Patents
Light control lens sheet, surface light source and transmissive displayInfo
- Publication number
- JP3465086B2 JP3465086B2 JP12982394A JP12982394A JP3465086B2 JP 3465086 B2 JP3465086 B2 JP 3465086B2 JP 12982394 A JP12982394 A JP 12982394A JP 12982394 A JP12982394 A JP 12982394A JP 3465086 B2 JP3465086 B2 JP 3465086B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- light source
- fresnel lens
- lens sheet
- control lens
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、透過型の液晶表示素
子、広告板等の透過型表示体のバックライト用の照明手
段として、均一に明るい優れた性能を発揮する光制御レ
ンズシートと、それを用いた面光源、及び透過型表示体
に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a light control lens sheet exhibiting uniformly bright and excellent performance as an illumination means for a backlight of a transmissive liquid crystal display element, a transmissive display such as an advertising board, and the like. The present invention relates to a surface light source using the same and a transmissive display.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、透過型の液晶表示素子において、
軽量化、低消費電力化の要求は一段と高まり、光源から
の光を有効に利用し、必要十分な方向のみに均一的に導
く面光源が強く望まれており、各種方式のバックライト
が提案されている。例えば、米国特許第４７２９０６７
号では、図５の様な導光体の両側端面に隣接して光源を
内蔵したランプハウスを配置し、導光体の下方の裏面に
は光反射体を配置し、また上方には乳白色の光拡散シー
トを積層した構成の散乱光を出射する面光源が提案され
ている。散乱光をある程度集光する方法として、特開昭
６０−７３６１８号公報では、上記の様な面光源の上面
に、更に図４の（ａ）又は（ｃ）の様な鋸歯型の線型フ
レネルレンズを積層して、出射面の法線方向に対して０
〜４５°程度の角度内に集光する方法も試みられてい
る。2. Description of the Related Art Recently, in transmissive liquid crystal display elements,
Demands for lighter weight and lower power consumption are increasing further, and there is a strong demand for a surface light source that effectively uses light from a light source and uniformly guides light in only necessary and sufficient directions, and various types of backlights have been proposed. ing. For example, US Pat. No. 4,729,067.
In Fig. 5, a lamp house having a built-in light source is arranged adjacent to both end faces of the light guide as shown in Fig. 5, a light reflector is arranged on the lower back surface of the light guide, and a milky white color is arranged on the upper side. There has been proposed a surface light source that emits scattered light and has a structure in which light diffusion sheets are laminated. As a method of condensing scattered light to some extent, in JP-A-60-73618, a sawtooth linear Fresnel lens as shown in FIG. 4A or FIG. 4C is further provided on the upper surface of the above-mentioned surface light source. Are stacked, and 0 is applied to the direction normal to the emitting surface.
A method of condensing light within an angle of about 45 ° has also been attempted.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、上記の
米国特許第４７２９０６７号の面光源では、面光源から
の出射光の輝度Ｉは、図７に例示する如く、出射面の法
線Ｎからの角度をθ、法線方向の輝度をＩ0 とした時、
Ｉ（θ）＝Ｉ0 ｃｏｓθ ・・・ 式１
で近似される角度分布となり、法線方向Ｎでは最大輝度
Ｉ0 を与え、法線から遠ざかるにつれて輝度が漸減する
拡散光を発する特性を有するが、出射光は実用上不要な
θ＝９０°付近まで放出される。その為、限られた光源
エネルギーが無駄となり、その分、実用上必要な出射面
の法線近傍の輝度が低下し、エネルギー利用効率も劣る
こととなる。このような欠点を改良するために光を集光
させたものが、上記の鋸歯型の線型フレネルレンズを更
に重ねるものであるが、十分な性能でない。この方法の
鋸歯型線型フレネルレンズでは、図４（ｂ），（ｄ）に
例示するように出力光がフレネルレンズの主切断面内に
おいて、左右いずれかに偏ってしまう。この結果、通常
の出射面の法線方向Ｎの近傍で観察する液晶表示素子等
の表示体に用いるバックライトとしては好ましくない。However, in the surface light source of the above-mentioned US Pat. No. 4,729,067, the brightness I of the light emitted from the surface light source is, as illustrated in FIG. 7, the angle from the normal line N of the light emission surface. Is θ, and the luminance in the normal direction is I 0 , I (θ) = I 0 cos θ ... An angular distribution approximated by Equation 1 is obtained, and the maximum luminance I 0 is given in the normal direction N, Although it has a characteristic that it emits diffused light whose brightness gradually decreases as it goes away, the emitted light is emitted up to around θ = 90 ° which is practically unnecessary. Therefore, the limited light source energy is wasted, and the brightness in the vicinity of the normal to the emission surface, which is necessary for practical use, is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency is deteriorated. A light condensing light for improving such a defect is obtained by further stacking the saw-tooth type linear Fresnel lens, but the performance is not sufficient. In the sawtooth linear Fresnel lens of this method, the output light is biased to the left or right in the main cutting plane of the Fresnel lens as illustrated in FIGS. 4 (b) and 4 (d). As a result, it is not preferable as a backlight used for a display body such as a liquid crystal display element that is observed in the vicinity of the normal direction N of the normal emission surface.
【０００４】そこで、本発明では、面光源の出射面の法
線近傍に放出される光線量が多く、且つ法線からの左右
両方で偏らず輝度が均一で、明るい面光源、及びそれを
実現する光制御レンズシート、またその面光源を用いた
明るい表示体を提供することにある。Therefore, the present invention realizes a bright surface light source in which a large amount of light is emitted in the vicinity of the normal of the exit surface of the surface light source, and the brightness is uniform without being biased on both the left and right sides of the normal, and a bright surface light source. Another object of the present invention is to provide a light control lens sheet and a bright display body using the surface light source.
【０００５】[0005]
【課題を解決するための手段】そこで本発明の光制御レ
ンズシートでは、透明基材からなり、主断面で両底角の
異なる不等辺三角形からなる三角柱プリズムを、その稜
線方向を平行に互いに隣接して複数配列してなる鋸歯型
線型フレネルレンズを２枚重ねてなり、両フレネルレン
ズの光屈折角が出射面の法線に対して互いに逆向きで同
じ値となっていることを特徴とするものである。また、
本発明の面光源は、透光性物質又は内部が空洞の導光体
と、導光体の少なくとも一つの側端面に隣接して配置さ
れた線光源又は点光源と、導光体の裏面に備えられた光
反射体と、導光体の上面に配置された上記光制御レンズ
シートと、からなることを特徴とするものである。ま
た、本発明の面光源は、一個以上の線光源又は点光源
と、該光源の下面及び側面を覆い光源側内側が光反射面
を成す光反射体と、光源の上方に配置された光拡散体
と、該光拡散体の上方に配置された上記光制御レンズシ
ートと、からなることを特徴とするものである。また、
本発明の面光源は、電場発光体からなる平面光源と、該
平面光源の出光面上に配置された上記光制御レンズシー
トと、からなることを特徴とするものである。また、本
発明の透過型表示体は、上記面光源を背面光源として備
えたことを特徴とするものである。Therefore, in the light control lens sheet of the present invention, triangular prisms made of a transparent base material and made of an isosceles triangle whose main cross-sections have different base angles are adjacent to each other in parallel with their ridge directions parallel to each other. It is characterized in that two sawtooth linear Fresnel lenses, which are arranged in a plurality, are stacked, and the light refraction angles of both Fresnel lenses are opposite to each other with respect to the normal line of the emission surface and have the same value. It is a thing. Also,
The surface light source of the present invention includes a light-transmitting material or a light guide body having a hollow inside, a line light source or a point light source arranged adjacent to at least one side end surface of the light guide body, and a back surface of the light guide body. It is characterized by comprising a light reflector provided and the light control lens sheet arranged on the upper surface of the light guide. Further, the surface light source of the present invention includes one or more line light sources or point light sources, a light reflector that covers the lower surface and the side surface of the light source and has a light reflection surface on the light source side inner side, and a light diffuser disposed above the light source. It is characterized by comprising a body and the light control lens sheet arranged above the light diffuser. Also,
The surface light source of the present invention is characterized by comprising a flat light source made of an electroluminescent body and the light control lens sheet arranged on the light emitting surface of the flat light source. The transmissive display of the present invention is characterized by including the above surface light source as a back light source.
【０００６】以下、図面に従って本発明の光制御レンズ
シート、それを用いた面光源、またその面光源を用いた
表示体を詳述する。The light control lens sheet of the present invention, a surface light source using the same, and a display using the surface light source will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
【０００７】先ず、図１は本発明の光制御レンズシート
を構成する鋸歯型線型フレネルレンズ２を示す斜視図で
ある。本発明で使用する鋸歯型線型フレネルレンズ２
は、三角柱プリズムをその稜線３３方向に平行に互いに
隣接して複数配列したものであるが、三角柱プリズム
は、その稜線方向に対する垂直面、すなわち主断面で底
角α、βがそれぞれ異なる不等辺三角形を有する三角柱
プリズムからなる。なお、α≦９０°，β≦９０°であ
る。同図では底角α，βはそれぞれ９０°，３０°で、
三角柱プリズムの単位レンズの繰返し周期はＰ、その単
位レンズの稜線３３が形成する頂上と谷底との高低差は
Ｈ、の例を示す。なお、同図では、鋸歯型線型フレネル
レンズ２は、平坦シート状の透明基材シート３１上に、
透明材料からなるフレネルレンズ層３２を積層した２層
構成の透明基材３から構成される。また、図２は、透明
基材３にて直接フレネルレンズを形成した単層構成の鋸
歯型線型フレネルレンズ２の別の態様を示す。なお、以
下の幾何光学的説明図では、便宜上複層及び単層構成を
含めて単層的表現で行う。First, FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a sawtooth type linear Fresnel lens 2 which constitutes the light control lens sheet of the present invention. Sawtooth type linear Fresnel lens 2 used in the present invention
Is a plurality of triangular prisms arranged adjacent to each other in parallel to the direction of the ridgeline 33. The triangular prism is a plane perpendicular to the direction of the ridgeline, that is, an isosceles triangle having different base angles α and β in the main cross section. And a triangular prism. Note that α ≦ 90 ° and β ≦ 90 °. In the figure, the base angles α and β are 90 ° and 30 °, respectively,
An example is shown in which the repeating period of the unit lens of the triangular prism is P, and the height difference between the top and the valley bottom formed by the ridgeline 33 of the unit lens is H. In the figure, the sawtooth linear Fresnel lens 2 is formed on a flat sheet-shaped transparent substrate sheet 31 by
The transparent base material 3 has a two-layer structure in which Fresnel lens layers 32 made of a transparent material are laminated. FIG. 2 shows another mode of the sawtooth linear Fresnel lens 2 having a single layer structure in which the transparent substrate 3 directly forms the Fresnel lens. In addition, in the following geometrical optics explanatory view, it expresses by a single layer including a multilayer and a single layer structure for convenience.
【０００８】鋸歯型線型フレネルレンズ２は前記したよ
うに従来からも提案されているが、その光屈折角は図４
（ｂ），（ｄ）のように法線方向から偏向していた。す
なわち、図４（ａ）で、底角α，βの角度の不等辺三角
柱プリズムの出射面に対する法線方向をＮとすれば、均
一拡散光が下方から入射面に入射し、上方から出射する
と、図４（ｂ）のように出射光は法線Ｎから光屈折角−
ψだけ偏った方向が最大輝度を与える主軸となり、法線
Ｎから角度θだけ傾いた方向の出射光はＩ（θ）なるθ
の関数となり、ある程度の広がりをもつこととなる。一
方、図４（ｃ）に示す、図４（ａ）とは逆向きの三角柱
プリズムからなる鋸歯型線型フレネルレンズ２では、図
４（ｄ）の示す如く光屈折角＋ψだけ、最大輝度を与え
る主軸が法線方向から傾いた出射光となって出射する。The sawtooth linear Fresnel lens 2 has been conventionally proposed as described above, but its light refraction angle is shown in FIG.
It was deflected from the normal direction as shown in (b) and (d). That is, in FIG. 4A, if the normal direction to the exit surface of the isosceles triangular prism having base angles α and β is N, uniform diffused light enters the entrance surface from below and exits from above. As shown in FIG. 4 (b), the outgoing light has a light refraction angle − from the normal line N.
The direction deviated by ψ is the main axis that gives the maximum brightness, and the emitted light in the direction inclined by the angle θ from the normal line N is I (θ).
It becomes a function of and has some spread. On the other hand, in the sawtooth linear Fresnel lens 2 shown in FIG. 4C, which is composed of a triangular prism in the opposite direction to that of FIG. 4A, the maximum brightness is given by the light refraction angle + ψ as shown in FIG. 4D. The emitted light is emitted with its main axis tilted from the normal direction.
【０００９】しかし、このような不等辺三角柱プリズム
から構成される鋸歯型線型フレネルレンズであっても、
図３の如く、表側の鋸歯型線型フレネルレンズ２１と、
裏側の鋸歯型線型フレネルレンズ２２との２枚を使用
し、これらに組合わせにより光制御レンズシート１を構
成すると、各々の光屈折角を互いに法線に対して逆向き
の関係とすることにより、それらが打ち消し有って出射
面からの光は図７のよう最大輝度を与える主軸が法線と
一致し法線方向に対して対称とすることができ、且つ図
６の様に法線方向から傾いた方向の光量が少ない理想的
な輝度の角度分布特性が可能となる。なお、本発明で光
屈折角が逆向きで同じ値とは、図４（ｂ），（ｄ）の＋
ψ，−ψで言えば、絶対値が同じで符号が逆、言い換え
れば和が零となる関係である。However, even with a sawtooth linear Fresnel lens composed of such an isosceles triangular prism,
As shown in FIG. 3, a sawtooth linear Fresnel lens 21 on the front side,
When two sheets of the sawtooth type linear Fresnel lens 22 on the back side are used, and the light control lens sheet 1 is configured by combining them, the light refraction angles of the respective sheets are made opposite to each other with respect to the normal line. , And the light from the exit surface can be made symmetric with respect to the normal line because the principal axis that gives the maximum brightness coincides with the normal line as shown in FIG. An ideal luminance angle distribution characteristic with a small amount of light in a direction inclined from is possible. In the present invention, the light refraction angle in the opposite direction and the same value means + in FIGS. 4 (b) and 4 (d).
Speaking of ψ and −ψ, the absolute values are the same and the signs are opposite, in other words, the sum is zero.
【００１０】従って、鋸歯型線型フレネルレンズ２は、
それぞれ形状の異なるものを用意する必要はなく、同一
の形状の不等辺三角柱プリズムを有するフレネルレンズ
を逆向きにして重ね合わせればよい。また、２枚の鋸歯
型線型フレネルレンズ２の三角プリズム側を出射面側に
図３の様に揃える配置以外にも、三角プリズム側を入射
面側に揃える配置でも目的は達成される。また、２枚の
フレネルレンズのうち、一枚は三角柱プリズムを出射面
側に、他の一枚は入射面側に向ける逆向きの配置でも同
様に目的は達成される。また、表側、裏側の鋸歯型線型
フレネルレンズの不等辺三角柱プリズムが異なる底角
α，βを有する形状であっても、それぞれを形成する透
明基材の屈折率が異なる場合には、屈折率に応じた異な
る底角となっていれば光屈折角をそれぞれ逆向きで同じ
値とすることができ、このような表側、裏側の組み合わ
せでもよい。要は、三角プリズムの底角α，βを表側と
裏側のフレネルレンズで同一にする事は、光屈折角を逆
向きで同じ値とする為の一手段である。Therefore, the sawtooth linear Fresnel lens 2 is
It is not necessary to prepare different shapes, and Fresnel lenses having the same shape of the isosceles triangular prism may be reversed and stacked. In addition to the arrangement in which the triangular prism side of the two sawtooth linear Fresnel lenses 2 is aligned with the exit surface side as shown in FIG. 3, the object can be achieved with an arrangement in which the triangular prism side is aligned with the incident surface side. In addition, the objective can be achieved in the same manner by arranging one of the two Fresnel lenses so that the triangular prism is on the exit surface side and the other is on the entrance surface side. Even if the unequal-sided triangular prisms of the sawtooth linear Fresnel lens on the front side and the back side have different base angles α and β, if the transparent substrates forming the prisms have different refractive indices, If the base angles are different, the light refraction angles can be set to the same values in opposite directions, and such a combination of the front side and the back side may be used. In short, making the base angles α and β of the triangular prism the same for the Fresnel lens on the front side and the Fresnel lens on the back side is one means for making the light refraction angles the same in opposite directions.
【００１１】前記した様に鋸歯型線型フレネルレンズ２
は、図２のように単層構成でもよいが、図１のように透
明基材シート３１にフレネルレンズ層３２を密着積層し
た２層構成であってもよい。なお、鋸歯型線型フレネル
レンズ２を形成する不等辺三角柱の主断面形状の頂角γ
は、通常３０〜１００°程度、単位レンズの繰返し周期
Ｐは２０〜１００μｍ程度、レンズの頂上（稜線）と谷
底との高低差Ｈは２０〜１００μｍ程度とする。As described above, the sawtooth linear Fresnel lens 2
2 may have a single-layer structure as shown in FIG. 2 or may have a two-layer structure in which a Fresnel lens layer 32 is adhered and laminated on a transparent substrate sheet 31 as shown in FIG. In addition, the apex angle γ of the main cross-sectional shape of the isosceles triangular prism forming the sawtooth linear Fresnel lens 2
Is usually about 30 to 100 °, the repeating period P of the unit lens is about 20 to 100 μm, and the height difference H between the top (ridge line) and the valley bottom of the lens is about 20 to 100 μm.
【００１２】本発明で使用する鋸歯型線型フレネルレン
ズ２は透明基材で作られる。透明基材としては、ポリエ
チレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート等
のポリエステル樹脂、ポリメチルメタクリレート等のア
クリル樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリスチレン樹
脂、あるいは、ポリエステルアクリレート、ウレタンア
クリレート、エポキシアクリレート等のオリゴマー及び
／又はモノマー等からなる電離放射線硬化性樹脂を紫外
線又は電子線等の電離放射線で硬化させた樹脂等で透明
性の良い樹脂が用いられる。このような樹脂は、屈折率
は通常１．４９〜１．５５程度のものである。また、樹
脂以外にも、透明性が良けば、ガラス、セラミックス等
でも使用できる。The sawtooth linear Fresnel lens 2 used in the present invention is made of a transparent base material. Examples of the transparent substrate include polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, acrylic resins such as polymethylmethacrylate, polycarbonate resins, polystyrene resins, or oligomers and / or monomers such as polyester acrylate, urethane acrylate and epoxy acrylate. A resin having good transparency such as a resin obtained by curing the following ionizing radiation curable resin with ionizing radiation such as ultraviolet rays or electron beams is used. Such a resin usually has a refractive index of about 1.49 to 1.55. In addition to resins, glass, ceramics and the like can be used as long as they have good transparency.
【００１３】単層構成のフレネルレンズ２を作るには、
例えば特開昭５６−１５７３１０号公報に開示されてい
るような公知の熱可塑性樹脂の熱プレス法や、射出成形
法が利用できる。また、２層構成の鋸歯型線型フレネル
レンズ２を作るには、例えば、透明基材シート３１上に
フレネルレンズ層３２を形成すればよい。具体的には、
例えば特開平５−１６９９０１５号公報に開示されてい
るような、所望の三角プリズム形状と逆形状の凹部（正
確には凹凸形状）を有するロール凹版に電離放射線硬化
性樹脂液を充填し、これに透明基材シート３１を重ね
て、重ねたまま紫外線や電子線等の電離放射線を透明基
材シート側から照射して（ロール凹版がガラス等で透明
な場合はロール凹版の内側からも可能）、電離放射線硬
化性樹脂液を硬化させ、その後、透明基材シート３１を
ロール凹版から剥離することにより、硬化した電離放射
線硬化性樹脂液が、所望の形状を有する三角プ柱リズム
を有するフレネルレンズ層３２となって透明基材シート
３１上に形成された鋸歯型線型フレネルレンズ２が得ら
れる。To make the Fresnel lens 2 having a single-layer structure,
For example, a known hot pressing method of a thermoplastic resin as disclosed in JP-A-56-157310 or an injection molding method can be used. In order to manufacture the sawtooth linear Fresnel lens 2 having a two-layer structure, for example, the Fresnel lens layer 32 may be formed on the transparent substrate sheet 31. In particular,
For example, as disclosed in JP-A-5-1699015, a roll intaglio having recesses (precisely concavo-convex shapes) having a desired triangular prism shape and an inverse shape is filled with an ionizing radiation curable resin liquid, The transparent base material sheet 31 is overlapped, and the overlapping base material is irradiated with ionizing radiation such as ultraviolet rays and electron beams from the transparent base material sheet side (when the roll intaglio plate is transparent such as glass, it can be applied from the inside of the roll intaglio plate), The ionizing radiation curable resin liquid is cured, and then the transparent base material sheet 31 is peeled off from the roll intaglio so that the cured ionizing radiation curable resin liquid has a Fresnel lens layer having a triangular prism having a desired shape. The saw-toothed linear Fresnel lens 2 formed on the transparent substrate sheet 31 becomes 32.
【００１４】上記の電離放射線硬化性樹脂による鋸歯型
線型フレネルレンズの製造方法を、図８、図９を参照し
てさらに詳述する。The method of manufacturing the sawtooth linear Fresnel lens using the above ionizing radiation curable resin will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9.
【００１５】図８は、本発明の光制御レンズシートに構
成する鋸歯型線型フレネルレンズの製造工程の工程図、
図９は製造装置の一例を示した図である。先ず、図９の
製造装置から説明すれば、同図において、７１は形成す
るフレネルレンズ層３２と逆形状の凹部７２が設けられ
たロール凹版、７３は電離放射線硬化性樹脂液、３１は
透明基材シート、７４はロール凹版に当接して透明基材
シート３１をロール凹版７１に圧接する押圧ロール、７
５は透明基材シート３１の走行を支えるガイドロール、
７６は剥離ロール、７７ａ及び７７ｂは電離放射線硬化
性樹脂液を硬化するための電離放射線照射装置、３２は
電離放射線硬化性樹脂液の硬化物として透明基材シート
３１上に形成したフレネルレンズ層、２はフレネルレン
ズ層３２を透明基材シート３１上に有する鋸歯型線型フ
レネルレンズ、７８は電離放射線硬化性樹脂液の塗工装
置、７９は塗工装置７８において電離放射線硬化性樹脂
液の塗出量制御の一環を担うための空洞である。FIG. 8 is a process drawing of the manufacturing process of the sawtooth linear fresnel lens which is included in the light control lens sheet of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an example of the manufacturing apparatus. First, referring to the manufacturing apparatus of FIG. 9, in the figure, 71 is a roll intaglio plate provided with a recess 72 having an inverse shape to the Fresnel lens layer 32 to be formed, 73 is an ionizing radiation curable resin liquid, and 31 is a transparent substrate. Material sheet, 74 is a pressing roll that abuts the roll intaglio plate and presses the transparent substrate sheet 31 against the roll intaglio plate 71, 7
5 is a guide roll for supporting the traveling of the transparent substrate sheet 31,
76 is a peeling roll, 77a and 77b are ionizing radiation irradiation devices for curing the ionizing radiation curable resin liquid, 32 is a Fresnel lens layer formed on the transparent substrate sheet 31 as a cured product of the ionizing radiation curable resin liquid, 2 is a sawtooth linear Fresnel lens having the Fresnel lens layer 32 on the transparent substrate sheet 31, 78 is a coating device for the ionizing radiation curable resin liquid, and 79 is a coating device 78 for coating the ionizing radiation curable resin liquid. It is a cavity that plays a part in quantity control.
【００１６】ロール凹版７１は円筒状の版材であり、こ
れに所望のフレネルレンズ層の形状と逆形状の凹部７２
を設けるには、円筒状の版材に直接旋盤加工したり、電
鋳法で形成したミルによるミル加工等で切削する方法、
電鋳法、あるいはフォトエッチング法等により行う。ロ
ール凹版の材質としては、銅、クロム、鉄等の金属、Ｎ
ＢＲ、エポキシ樹脂、エボナイト等の合成樹脂、ガラス
等のセラミックス等が使用できる。また、ロール凹版の
大きさは特に限定されるものではい。なお、図示はしな
いがロール凹版は駆動装置に接続されており軸芯の回り
に矢印方向に回転駆動される。The roll intaglio plate 71 is a cylindrical plate material, and has a recess 72 having a shape opposite to the desired Fresnel lens layer shape.
To provide, a method of directly lathing on a cylindrical plate material, or cutting by milling with a mill formed by electroforming,
It is performed by an electroforming method, a photo etching method, or the like. The material of the roll intaglio is copper, chromium, iron or other metal, N
BR, epoxy resin, synthetic resin such as ebonite, ceramics such as glass and the like can be used. The size of the roll intaglio plate is not particularly limited. Although not shown, the roll intaglio plate is connected to a driving device and is rotationally driven in the direction of the arrow around the shaft center.
【００１７】図９のような装置による鋸歯型線型フレネ
ルレンズの製造工程は図８に示すように、充填工程１０
１、接触工程１０２、硬化工程１０３、密着工程１０
４、剥離工程１０５の工程から構成される。充填工程
は、フレネルレンズ層の凹凸形状に対応した凹部を有す
るロール凹版を回転させ、そのロール凹版の少なくとも
凹部に電離放射線硬化性樹脂液を塗工装置により充填す
る工程である。次の接触工程は、充填工程でロール凹版
の少なくとも凹部に充填された電離放射線硬化性樹脂液
に対して、ロール凹版の回転方向に対して同期して走行
する透明基材シートを接触させる工程である。次の硬化
工程は、接触工程によって透明基材シートがロール凹版
に接触して、後述の剥離工程で剥離するまでの間に、透
明基材シートとロール凹版との間に介在する電離放射線
硬化性樹脂液に対して、電離放射線を電離放射線照射装
置により照射して、硬化させる工程である。次の密着工
程は、前の硬化工程と通常同時に進行する工程で、硬化
工程で電離放射線硬化性樹脂液が硬化することで形成さ
れる硬化物をフレネルレンズ層として透明基材シートに
密着させる工程である。そして最後の剥離工程は、前の
密着工程でフレネルレンズ層が密着形成された透明基材
シートを剥離して鋸歯型線型フレネルレンズとして得る
工程である。かくして、所望の三角柱レンズ形状からな
るフレネルレンズ層を有する２層構成の鋸歯型線型フレ
ネルレンズを得ることができる。The manufacturing process of the sawtooth linear Fresnel lens by the apparatus as shown in FIG. 9 is as shown in FIG.
1, contact step 102, curing step 103, contact step 10
4 and the peeling process 105. The filling step is a step of rotating a roll intaglio having a concave portion corresponding to the uneven shape of the Fresnel lens layer and filling at least the concave portion of the roll intaglio plate with an ionizing radiation curable resin liquid by a coating device. The next contact step is a step of contacting a transparent base material sheet that runs in synchronization with the rotation direction of the roll intaglio with respect to the ionizing radiation curable resin liquid filled in at least the recess of the roll intaglio in the filling step. is there. The next curing step is the ionizing radiation curability which is present between the transparent substrate sheet and the roll intaglio until the transparent substrate sheet comes into contact with the roll intaglio plate by the contact process and is peeled off in the peeling process described below. It is a step of irradiating the resin liquid with ionizing radiation by an ionizing radiation irradiating device to cure the resin liquid. The next adhesion step is a step that normally proceeds at the same time as the previous curing step, in which a cured product formed by curing the ionizing radiation-curable resin liquid in the curing step is adhered to the transparent substrate sheet as a Fresnel lens layer. Is. The final peeling step is a step of peeling the transparent base material sheet on which the Fresnel lens layer has been formed in close contact in the previous contacting step to obtain a sawtooth linear Fresnel lens. Thus, it is possible to obtain a two-layered sawtooth linear Fresnel lens having a Fresnel lens layer having a desired triangular prism shape.
【００１８】なお、２層構成の鋸歯型線型フレネルレン
ズにおいて使用する透明基材シート３１としては、例え
ば、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフ
タレート等のポリエステル樹脂等からなるシートが使用
できる。厚み、フレネルレンズ層を形成する際の作業性
等から決められるが、通常２５〜１０００μｍ程度であ
る。As the transparent substrate sheet 31 used in the sawtooth linear Fresnel lens having a two-layer structure, for example, a sheet made of polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate can be used. Although it is determined depending on the thickness, workability in forming the Fresnel lens layer, etc., it is usually about 25 to 1000 μm.
【００１９】以上の様にして得られる鋸歯型線型フレネ
ルレンズで、その光屈折角度が互いに逆向きで同じ値と
なるようなものを２枚、重ねて、本発明の光制御レンズ
シートが得られる。The saw-toothed linear Fresnel lens obtained as described above is laminated with two pieces of which the light refraction angles are opposite to each other and have the same value, to obtain the light control lens sheet of the present invention. .
【００２０】さらに、以上の光制御レンズシートを、従
来公知の拡散光を発するエッジライト型面光源や、直下
型面光源、あるいはＥＬ等の様な電場発光型の平面発光
光源の出光面に重ねることで本発明の面光源が得られ
る。Further, the above light control lens sheet is superposed on the light emitting surface of a conventionally known edge light type surface light source which emits diffused light, a direct type surface light source, or an electroluminescence type plane light emitting light source such as EL. As a result, the surface light source of the present invention can be obtained.
【００２１】エッジライト型面光源としては、例えば、
実施例に記載の様な透明な樹脂或いは硝子の板からなる
導光体（板）の少なくとも一つの側端面に点光源又は線
光源を配置し、裏面を白色顔料入り塗膜、金属蒸着膜等
で光反射体を形成し、導光板表面を出光面としたもので
ある。As the edge light type surface light source, for example,
A point light source or a line light source is arranged on at least one side end surface of a light guide (plate) made of a transparent resin or a glass plate as described in the examples, and a back surface is coated with a white pigment, a metal deposition film, etc. A light reflector is formed by using the light guide plate surface as a light emitting surface.
【００２２】また、直下型面光源としては、例えば、図
１０に示す様に、内面を金属表面或いは白色塗料塗装面
からなる光反射面とし且つ開口部を有するランプハウス
と、該ランプハウス内に配置した線光源或いは点光源
と、該ランプハウスの開口部を被覆する透光性の光拡散
体と、該光拡散体上を被覆する本発明の光制御レンズシ
ートとからなる。ランプハウスは金属、合成樹脂等から
成形され、内面は二酸化チタン等の白色顔料含有塗料の
塗装面、或いは、アルミニウム、クロム等の金属面から
なる光反射面とする。線光源としては蛍光灯、冷陰極管
等が、点光源としては白熱電球等が用いられる。光拡散
体としては、アクリル、ポリカーボネート等の透明合成
樹脂板に、シリカ、炭酸カルシウム、アクリル、ポリカ
ーボネート等の微粉末からなる光拡散剤を混練するか、
或いは、透明樹脂板表面をエンボス、サンドブラスト等
の加工で砂目、梨地等の微小凹凸を形成させた物を用い
る。As the direct type surface light source, for example, as shown in FIG. 10, a lamp house having an inner surface as a light reflecting surface made of a metal surface or a white paint coating surface and having an opening, and the inside of the lamp house are shown. It is composed of a line light source or a point light source arranged, a translucent light diffusing body that covers the opening of the lamp house, and the light control lens sheet of the present invention that covers the light diffusing body. The lamp house is formed of metal, synthetic resin, or the like, and the inner surface is a coated surface of a paint containing a white pigment such as titanium dioxide, or a light reflecting surface composed of a metal surface such as aluminum or chrome. Fluorescent lamps, cold cathode tubes and the like are used as the line light source, and incandescent lamps and the like are used as the point light source. As the light diffuser, a transparent synthetic resin plate such as acrylic or polycarbonate, silica, calcium carbonate, acrylic, or a light diffusing agent made of fine powder such as polycarbonate is kneaded,
Alternatively, a transparent resin plate surface on which fine irregularities such as grain and satin are formed by processing such as embossing or sandblasting is used.
【００２３】電場発光型の平面発光光源としては、硫化
亜鉛、硫化ストロンチウム等を主体とする蛍光体を蒸着
等により製膜したり、蛍光体の微粉末を透明な樹脂に分
散させたものを発光層とし、該発光層を透明電極と光反
射性電極とで挟持した、いわゆるエレクトロ・ルミネセ
ンス（ＥＬ）パネルを用いる。As an electroluminescence type planar light emitting source, a phosphor mainly composed of zinc sulfide, strontium sulfide or the like is formed into a film by vapor deposition, or fine powder of the phosphor is dispersed in a transparent resin to emit light. A so-called electroluminescence (EL) panel in which the light emitting layer is sandwiched between a transparent electrode and a light reflecting electrode is used as a layer.
【００２４】さらに、以上の面光源を、透過型の液晶表
示素子や広告板等の表示体の背面に配置することで、本
発明の透過型表示体が得られる。なお、本発明の面光源
を用いた透過型表示体としては、液晶表示素子以外にも
表示物の裏面から光線を照射する形式の広告板、交通標
識、案内板等の表示体等も含まれる。Further, by arranging the above surface light source on the back surface of a display such as a transmissive liquid crystal display element or an advertising board, the transmissive display of the present invention can be obtained. In addition to the liquid crystal display element, the transmissive display using the surface light source of the present invention also includes a display such as an advertising board, a traffic sign, and a guide board in which light rays are emitted from the back surface of the display. .
【００２５】[0025]
【作用】本発明の光制御レンズシートによれば、主切断
面形状が不等辺三角形の三角柱プリズムからなる鋸歯型
線型フレネルレンズを、光屈折角がそれぞれ互いに出射
面の法線方向に対して逆向きで同じ値のものを、２枚重
ねて使用するため、最終的な光屈折角は法線方向に一致
し、法線に近い角度の出射光量が多く、且つ法線方向か
ら離れた角度で出射する光が少なくなり、出射面に垂直
な方向から見た場合の輝度を最大にできる。According to the light control lens sheet of the present invention, a saw-toothed linear Fresnel lens composed of a triangular prism whose main cut surface is an isosceles triangle has light refraction angles which are opposite to each other with respect to the normal direction of the emission surface. Since two sheets with the same orientation are used in a stack, the final light refraction angle coincides with the normal direction, and there is a large amount of emitted light at an angle close to the normal line, and at an angle away from the normal line direction. The emitted light is reduced, and the brightness when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the emission surface can be maximized.
【００２６】[0026]
《光制御レンズシートの作成》図９に例示する様な装置
を用いて、透明基材シートとして厚さ１００μｍの２軸
延伸ポリエチレンテレフタレートフィルムを用い、これ
にフレネルレンズ層を形成する樹脂として、多官能エポ
キシアクリレートオリゴマーを主体とする電離放射線硬
化性樹脂液を用いて、１６０Ｗ／ｃｍの高圧水銀灯２灯
により紫外線照射して樹脂液を硬化させて、図１の例示
する如く、底角α＝９０°、β＝３０°、頂角γ＝６０
°、単位レンズの繰返し周期Ｐ＝７０μｍ、単位レンズ
の頂上と谷底との高低差個Ｈ＝４０μｍの鋸歯型線型フ
レネルレンズを作成した。この鋸歯型線型フレネルレン
ズを、図３の様に、その出射光の偏向方向が互いに逆向
きとなるように２枚重ねて本発明の光制御レンズシート
を得た。<< Preparation of Light Control Lens Sheet >> Using a device as illustrated in FIG. 9, a biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film having a thickness of 100 μm was used as a transparent substrate sheet, and a resin for forming a Fresnel lens layer was used as a resin. Using an ionizing radiation curable resin solution mainly composed of a functional epoxy acrylate oligomer, the resin solution is cured by irradiating ultraviolet rays from two 160 W / cm high pressure mercury lamps to cure the resin solution, and as shown in FIG. °, β = 30 °, vertical angle γ = 60
A saw-toothed linear Fresnel lens having a unit lens repetition period P = 70 μm and a height difference H = 40 μm between the top and the valley bottom of the unit lens was prepared. As shown in FIG. 3, two pieces of this saw-tooth type linear Fresnel lens were stacked so that the outgoing light was deflected in mutually opposite directions to obtain a light control lens sheet of the present invention.
【００２７】《面光源の作成》上記で得た光制御レンズ
シートを、下記の光源ユニットの出射面側に重ねて目的
とする本発明の面光源を得た。光源ユニットは、導光体
としてアクリル樹脂製で厚み４ｍｍで縦２５ｃｍ、横１
８ｃｍの板を用い、この両側端面に光源として冷陰極管
を配置し、光源の周囲で導光体の側端面側以外を、内面
が光反射面のランプハウスで囲い、また導光体の裏面側
には光反射体として、チタン白を添加した白色インキに
て光拡散反射性のドットパターンを印刷したものと、更
にその裏面にアルミニウム蒸着ポリエチレンテレフタレ
ートフィルムを積層して全反射層としたものとを使用し
た。<< Preparation of Surface Light Source >> The light control lens sheet obtained above was laminated on the emission surface side of the following light source unit to obtain the desired surface light source of the present invention. The light source unit is made of acrylic resin as a light guide and has a thickness of 4 mm, a length of 25 cm, and a width of 1
A 8 cm plate is used, and cold cathode tubes are arranged as light sources on both end faces of the light source. Around the light source, except for the side end face side of the light guide, an inner surface is surrounded by a lamp house with a light reflecting surface. On the side, as a light reflector, a light-diffusive and reflective dot pattern was printed with a white ink containing titanium white, and an aluminum-deposited polyethylene terephthalate film was laminated on the back surface to form a total reflection layer. It was used.
【００２８】[0028]
【発明の効果】本発明の光制御レンズシートは以上説明
したように構成されているので、出射面の法線方向近傍
で出射する光量が多く且つ法線方向から離れて出射する
光量が少なくて光の利用効率が良く、均一で明るい面光
源を与え得る。また、光の利用効率が良いために光源の
負担が軽くなり、面光源及び透過型表示体として省スペ
ース、省電力が可能となる。Since the light control lens sheet of the present invention is configured as described above, a large amount of light is emitted in the vicinity of the normal direction of the emission surface and a small amount of light is emitted away from the normal direction. It is possible to provide a uniform and bright surface light source with high light utilization efficiency. Further, since the light utilization efficiency is high, the burden on the light source is lightened, and it is possible to save space and power as a surface light source and a transmissive display.
【図１】本発明の光制御レンズシートを構成する鋸歯型
線型フレネルレンズの一例の斜視図FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an example of a sawtooth linear fresnel lens that constitutes a light control lens sheet of the present invention.
【図２】本発明の光制御レンズシートを構成する鋸歯型
線型フレネルレンズの別の例の斜視図FIG. 2 is a perspective view of another example of the sawtooth linear fresnel lens that constitutes the light control lens sheet of the present invention.
【図３】本発明の光制御レンズシートを用いた面光源の
一実施例の断面図FIG. 3 is a sectional view of an example of a surface light source using the light control lens sheet of the present invention.
【図４】不等辺三角柱プリズムからなる鋸歯型線型フレ
ネルレンズの輝度の角度分布の概念図FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram of an angular distribution of luminance of a sawtooth linear Fresnel lens including an isosceles triangular prism.
【図５】従来の光拡散層を用いたエッジライト型の面光
源の斜視図FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an edge light type surface light source using a conventional light diffusion layer.
【図６】図５の面光源の輝度の角度分布の概念図FIG. 6 is a conceptual diagram of an angular distribution of luminance of the surface light source of FIG.
【図７】本発明の光制御レンズシートで得られ輝度の角
度分布の概念図FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram of angular distribution of luminance obtained by the light control lens sheet of the present invention.
【図８】本発明で用いる鋸歯型線型フレネルレンズの製
造工程の一例FIG. 8 is an example of a manufacturing process of a sawtooth linear Fresnel lens used in the present invention.
【図９】図８の製造工程に対応した製造装置の一例9 is an example of a manufacturing apparatus corresponding to the manufacturing process of FIG.
【図１０】本発明の直下型の面光源の一実施例を示す図FIG. 10 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a direct type surface light source of the present invention.
１ 光制御レンズシート ２ 鋸歯型線型フレネルレンズ ２１ 表側の鋸歯型線型フレネルレンズ ２２ 裏側の鋸歯型線型フレネルレンズ ３ 透明基材 ３１ 透明基材シート ３２ フレネルレンズ層 ３３ 稜線 ４ 導光体 ５ 光源 ５１ ランプハウス ５２ 光反射体 ６ 光拡散体 ７１ ロール凹版 ７２ 凹部 ７３ 電離放射線硬化性樹脂液 ７４ 押圧ロール ７５ ガイドロール ７６ 剥離ロール ７７ａ，７７ｂ 電離放射線照射装置 ７８ 塗工装置 ７９ 空洞 １０１ 充填工程 １０２ 接触工程 １０３ 硬化工程 １０４ 密着工程 １０５ 剥離工程 Ｈ 単位レンズの頂上と谷底との高低差 Ｌ 出射面の法線 Ｐ 単位レンズの繰返し周期 α，β 底角 γ 頂角 1 Light control lens sheet 2 Serrated linear Fresnel lens 21 Front side sawtooth type linear Fresnel lens 22 Backside sawtooth linear Fresnel lens 3 Transparent base material 31 Transparent substrate sheet 32 Fresnel lens layer 33 Ridge 4 Light guide 5 light sources 51 lamp house 52 Light reflector 6 Light diffuser 71 roll intaglio 72 recess 73 Ionizing radiation curable resin liquid 74 Press roll 75 guide roll 76 peeling roll 77a, 77b Ionizing radiation irradiation device 78 Coating equipment 79 cavities 101 filling process 102 Contact process 103 curing process 104 Adhesion process 105 peeling process Height difference between the top and the bottom of the H unit lens Normal line of L exit surface P unit lens repetition period α, β base angle γ vertical angle
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (56)参考文献 特開 平５−203950（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平６−222207（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平６−265892（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平６−308485（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平７−201217（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平５−313164（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平５−341270（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平５−313156（ＪＰ，Ａ) 特開 平３−291690（ＪＰ，Ａ) 実開 平７−1427（ＪＰ，Ｕ) (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) G02F 1/13357 G02B 5/04 ─────────────────────────────────────────────────── --- Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-5-203950 (JP, A) JP-A-6-222207 (JP, A) JP-A-6-265892 (JP, A) JP-A-6- 308485 (JP, A) JP-A-7-201217 (JP, A) JP-A-5-313164 (JP, A) JP-A-5-341270 (JP, A) JP-A-5-313156 (JP, A) JP-A-3-291690 (JP, A) Actual development 7-1427 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) G02F 1/13357 G02B 5/04
Claims (5)
異なる不等辺三角形からなる三角柱プリズムを、その稜
線方向を平行に互いに隣接して複数配列してなる鋸歯型
線型フレネルレンズを２枚重ねてなり、両フレネルレン
ズの光屈折角が出射面の法線に対して互いに逆向きで同
じ値となっていることを特徴とする光制御レンズシー
ト。1. A saw-toothed linear Fresnel lens comprising a plurality of triangular prisms made of a transparent base material and having an isosceles triangle whose main cut surfaces are different in both base angles from each other and whose ridge directions are parallel to each other. A light control lens sheet, which is formed by stacking two sheets and has the same refraction angles of both Fresnel lenses in directions opposite to each other with respect to the normal line of the emission surface.
導光体の少なくとも一つの側端面に隣接して配置された
線光源又は点光源と、導光体の裏面に備えられた光反射
体と、導光体の上面に配置された請求項１記載の光制御
レンズシートと、からなることを特徴とする面光源。2. A light-transmitting material or a light guide body having a hollow inside,
The line light source or the point light source arranged adjacent to at least one side end surface of the light guide body, the light reflector provided on the back surface of the light guide body, and the light source arranged on the upper surface of the light guide body. 2. A surface light source comprising: a light control lens sheet of.
の下面及び側面を覆い光源側内側が光反射面を成す光反
射体と、光源の上方に配置された光拡散体と、該光拡散
体の上方に配置された請求項１記載の光制御レンズシー
トと、からなることを特徴とする面光源。3. One or more line light sources or point light sources, a light reflector that covers the lower surface and side surfaces of the light source and has a light reflecting surface on the inner side of the light source, and a light diffuser disposed above the light source, A surface light source comprising: the light control lens sheet according to claim 1 disposed above a light diffuser.
光源の出光面上に配置された請求項１記載の光制御レン
ズシートと、からなることを特徴とする面光源。4. A surface light source comprising a flat light source made of an electroluminescent body, and the light control lens sheet according to claim 1 arranged on a light emitting surface of the flat light source.
光源として備えたことを特徴とする透過型表示体。5. A transmissive display comprising the surface light source according to claim 2, 3 or 4 as a back light source.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12982394A JP3465086B2 (en) | 1994-05-20 | 1994-05-20 | Light control lens sheet, surface light source and transmissive display |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12982394A JP3465086B2 (en) | 1994-05-20 | 1994-05-20 | Light control lens sheet, surface light source and transmissive display |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH07318706A JPH07318706A (en) | 1995-12-08 |
| JP3465086B2 true JP3465086B2 (en) | 2003-11-10 |
Family
ID=15019111
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP12982394A Expired - Lifetime JP3465086B2 (en) | 1994-05-20 | 1994-05-20 | Light control lens sheet, surface light source and transmissive display |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3465086B2 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20090039556A (en) * | 2007-10-18 | 2009-04-22 | (주)디노스 | Prism sheet employed in the backlight unit and method of manufacturing the same |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DK0882998T3 (en) * | 1996-11-27 | 2002-12-02 | Dainippon Printing Co Ltd | Method of making a lens plate |
| KR100568581B1 (en) * | 2003-04-14 | 2006-04-07 | 주식회사 미뉴타텍 | Composition for mold used in forming micropattern, and mold prepared therefrom |
| KR100673990B1 (en) * | 2005-05-24 | 2007-01-25 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | Backlight unit, liquid crystal display device and reverse prism sheet employed in the same |
| JP4774944B2 (en) * | 2005-11-16 | 2011-09-21 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Surface light source device |
| JP5011009B2 (en) * | 2007-07-06 | 2012-08-29 | 株式会社ジャパンディスプレイイースト | Liquid crystal display |
| WO2018088342A1 (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2018-05-17 | シャープ株式会社 | Display apparatus and head-mounted display |
-
1994
- 1994-05-20 JP JP12982394A patent/JP3465086B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20090039556A (en) * | 2007-10-18 | 2009-04-22 | (주)디노스 | Prism sheet employed in the backlight unit and method of manufacturing the same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH07318706A (en) | 1995-12-08 |
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