JP3309173B2 - Film lens, surface light source and transmissive display - Google Patents
Film lens, surface light source and transmissive displayInfo
- Publication number
- JP3309173B2 JP3309173B2 JP19619794A JP19619794A JP3309173B2 JP 3309173 B2 JP3309173 B2 JP 3309173B2 JP 19619794 A JP19619794 A JP 19619794A JP 19619794 A JP19619794 A JP 19619794A JP 3309173 B2 JP3309173 B2 JP 3309173B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- light
- light source
- lens
- film
- triangular prism
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Landscapes
- Light Guides In General And Applications Therefor (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Planar Illumination Modules (AREA)
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【産業上の利用分野】本発明は、透過型の液晶表示素
子、広告板等の透過型表示体のバックライト用の照明手
段として、均一に明るい優れた性能を発揮するフィルム
レンズと、それを用いた面光源、及び透過型表示体に関
する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a film lens exhibiting a uniform bright and excellent performance as an illuminating means for a backlight of a transmissive display such as a transmissive liquid crystal display device or an advertising board. The present invention relates to a used surface light source and a transmissive display.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、透過型の液晶表示素子において、
軽量化、低消費電力化の要求は一段と高まり、光源から
の光を有効に利用し、必要十分な方向のみに均一的に導
く面光源が強く望まれており、各種方式のバックライト
が提案されている。例えば、米国特許第４７２９０６７
号では、図８の様な導光体４の両側端面に隣接して光源
５を内蔵したランプハウス５１を配置し、導光体の下方
の裏面にはドット状の光拡散反射体５２１を有する光反
射体５２を配置し、また上方には乳白色の光拡散体６を
積層した構成の、散乱光を出射する面光源が提案されて
いる。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, in a transmission type liquid crystal display device,
The demand for lighter weight and lower power consumption is further increasing, and there is a strong demand for a surface light source that effectively utilizes light from the light source and guides it uniformly only in necessary and sufficient directions. ing. For example, US Pat. No. 4,729,067.
In FIG. 8 , a lamp house 51 containing a light source 5 is disposed adjacent to both side end surfaces of the light guide 4 as shown in FIG. 8 , and a dot-shaped light diffusion reflector 521 is provided on the back surface below the light guide. A surface light source that emits scattered light and has a structure in which a light reflector 52 is arranged and a milky white light diffuser 6 is stacked above the light reflector 52 has been proposed.
【０００３】しかしながら、上記の米国特許第４７２９
０６７号の様な、光を集光する手段を備えていない面光
源では、面光源の出射面からの放出される出射光の輝度
Ｉは、出射面の法線Ｎからの角度をθ、法線方向の輝度
をＩ0 とした時、下記式１で Ｉ（θ）＝Ｉ0 ｃｏｓθ ・・・ 式１ 近似される角度分布となり、法線方向Ｎでは最大輝度Ｉ
0 を与え、法線から遠ざかるにつれて輝度が漸減する拡
散光を発する。その結果、出射光は実用上不要なθ＝９
０°付近まで放出され、かなり広い拡散角を有する特性
となる。この為、限られた光源エネルギーが無駄とな
り、その分、実用上必要な出射面の法線近傍の輝度が低
下し、エネルギー利用効率も劣ることとなる。[0003] However, US Pat.
In a surface light source having no means for condensing light, such as No. 067, the luminance I of the light emitted from the exit surface of the surface light source is represented by θ, the angle from the normal N of the exit surface, θ, Assuming that the luminance in the linear direction is I 0 , I (θ) = I 0 cos θ...
Gives 0 and emits diffused light whose brightness gradually decreases as the distance from the normal increases. As a result, the emitted light is practically unnecessary θ = 9.
It is emitted to around 0 ° and has a characteristic having a considerably wide diffusion angle. For this reason, the limited light source energy is wasted, and the brightness near the normal to the emission surface, which is practically necessary, is reduced, and the energy use efficiency is reduced.
【０００４】そこで、散乱光をある程度集光させて拡散
角を絞り込む為に、各種の集光レンズが提案されてい
る。例えば、 三角柱単位レンズとして、頂角が９０°の二等辺三角
柱プリズムを等ピッチに配置するフィルムレンズを、上
記の様な面光源の上面の出射面側に積層して、出射面の
法線方向に対して０〜４５°程度の角度内に集光して、
視野角内（通常３０〜１００°程度）の輝度を向上さ
せ、光エネルギーの利用効率を高くすることが、実開平
４−１０７２０１号公報等で試みられている。また、
三角柱単位レンズとして、頂角が９５〜１１０°と、９
０°以外の頂角の三角柱プリズムの線型配列を利用する
試みも特開平６−１８７０７号公報では試みられてい
る。また、三角柱単位レンズとは異なるレンズ形状と
して、円柱、或いは、楕円柱のレンチキュラーレンズを
用いることも、特開昭６３−１１０４２２号公報、実開
平４−１０７２３７号公報で試みられている。In order to narrow the diffusion angle by condensing scattered light to some extent, various condenser lenses have been proposed. For example, as a triangular prism unit lens, a film lens in which isosceles triangular prisms having a vertex angle of 90 ° are arranged at an equal pitch is laminated on the exit surface side of the upper surface of the surface light source as described above, and a normal direction of the exit surface is used. Is converged within an angle of about 0 to 45 °,
Attempts have been made in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-107201 and the like to improve the luminance within a viewing angle (usually about 30 to 100 °) and increase the efficiency of using light energy. Also,
As a triangular prism unit lens, the apex angle is 95 to 110 ° and 9
An attempt to use a linear arrangement of triangular prisms having a vertex angle other than 0 ° has also been made in JP-A-6-18707. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-110422 and Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 4-107237 have attempted to use a cylindrical or elliptical lenticular lens as a lens shape different from the triangular prism unit lens.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかし、上記〜等
の各種集光レンズは十分な性能が得られない。例えば、
の方法の頂角９０°の三角柱単位レンズの場合、出射
面の法線方向の輝度は高くなるが、大きなサイドローブ
が発生して、無駄な光が生じてしまう。しかも、単位レ
ンズの頂角部分は先端が尖っているために、傷に弱い。
また、の方法の頂角を９５〜１００°として三角柱単
位レンズの場合、サイドローブは減少するものの、拡散
角が広がって出射面の法線方向の輝度が低下する。ま
た、の方法の円柱、或いは、楕円柱のレンチキュラー
レンズを用いる場合、サイドローブが減少し、三角柱単
位レンズにみられる頂角部分の傷付きも改善されるもの
の、拡散角が広がって出射面の法線方向の輝度が低下す
る。However, various condensing lenses such as those described above do not provide sufficient performance. For example,
In the case of the triangular prism unit lens having a vertex angle of 90 ° in the method described above, the luminance in the normal direction of the emission surface is increased, but a large side lobe is generated and wasteful light is generated. In addition, the apex portion of the unit lens has a sharp tip, and is therefore vulnerable to scratches.
In the case of the triangular prism unit lens in which the apex angle is 95 to 100 [deg.] In the above method, the side lobe is reduced, but the diffusion angle is widened and the luminance in the normal direction of the exit surface is reduced. In addition, when a cylindrical or elliptical cylindrical lenticular lens is used, the side lobes are reduced, and the apical corners seen in the triangular prism unit lens are also improved, but the diffusion angle is increased and the emission surface is increased. The luminance in the normal direction decreases.
【０００６】そこで、本発明では、サイドローブを少な
くして、集光と拡散との機能を持たせ、適度の広さの拡
散角と法線方向の輝度とをバラスンさせ、且つ傷付き難
いフィルムレンズ及びそれを用いた面光源、さらに該面
光源を用いた明るい透過型表示体を提供することにあ
る。Therefore, in the present invention, a film having a function of condensing and diffusing by reducing side lobes, providing a moderately wide diffusion angle and luminance in the normal direction, and being hardly damaged is provided. An object of the present invention is to provide a lens, a surface light source using the same, and a bright transmissive display using the surface light source.
【０００７】[0007]
【課題を解決するための手段】そこで本発明のフィルム
レンズでは、三角柱単位レンズと楕円柱単位レンズと
を、各稜線が互いに平行になるように交互に隣接して複
数配列した構成とする。また、本発明の面光源は、透光
性物質又は内部が空洞の導光体と、導光体の少なくとも
一つの側端面に隣接して配置された線光源又は点光源
と、導光体の裏面に備えられた光反射体と、導光体の上
面に配置された上記フィルムレンズと、からなる構成と
する。また、本発明の面光源は、一個以上の線光源又は
点光源と、該光源の下面及び側面を覆い光源側内側が光
反射面を成す光反射体と、光源の上方に配置された上記
フィルムレンズと、からなる構成とする。また、本発明
の面光源は、電場発光型の平面発光光源と、該平面発光
光源の出光面上に配置された上記フィルムレンズと、か
らなる構成とする。また、本発明の透過型表示体は、上
記面光源を背面光源として備えた構成とする。Therefore, in the film lens of the present invention, a plurality of triangular prism unit lenses and elliptic cylinder unit lenses are alternately arranged adjacent to each other so that their ridge lines are parallel to each other. Further, the surface light source of the present invention is a light-transmitting substance or a light guide having a hollow inside, a linear light source or a point light source disposed adjacent to at least one side end face of the light guide, and a light guide. The light reflector is provided on the back surface, and the film lens is disposed on the upper surface of the light guide. Further, the surface light source of the present invention includes one or more linear light sources or point light sources, a light reflector that covers the lower surface and side surfaces of the light source and the light source side inner side forms a light reflection surface, and the film disposed above the light source. And a lens. Further, the surface light source of the present invention is configured to include an electroluminescent flat light source and the above-described film lens disposed on the light emitting surface of the flat light source. Further, the transmissive display of the present invention has a configuration in which the surface light source is provided as a back light source.
【０００８】[0008]
【作用】本発明のフィルムレンズによれば、三角柱単位
レンズと楕円柱単位レンズとを交互に隣接して配列させ
たことにより、三角柱単位レンズで発生したサイドロー
ブ光、即ち出射面の法線方向から大きく離れた斜め方向
に輝度のピークを持つ出射光は、楕円柱単位レンズによ
り裏面側に偏向されて導光板側へフィードバックし、そ
の一部は導光体内、或いは光反射体で反射された後、再
び出射することにより再利用される。その為、サイドロ
ーブ光は、三角柱単位レンズのみからなる場合の線型配
列よりも少なくなる。くわえて、法線方向の輝度が向上
する。また、楕円柱レンズのみに比べて、三角柱レンズ
による光線の偏向（斜め入射光の方向を出射面の法線方
向に向ける）作用の為、拡散角を所望の角度内にシャー
プに絞り込むことが可能となる。その結果、法線に近い
角度の出射光量が多く、且つ法線方向から離れた角度で
出射する光、特にサイドローブ光がが少なくなり、出射
面に垂直な方向から見た場合の輝度を最大にできる。According to the film lens of the present invention, the side lobe light generated by the triangular prism unit lens, that is, the normal direction of the emission surface, is obtained by alternately arranging the triangular prism unit lenses and the elliptic cylinder unit lenses adjacent to each other. Outgoing light having a luminance peak in an oblique direction far away from is deflected to the back side by the elliptic cylinder unit lens and fed back to the light guide plate side, and a part thereof is reflected by the light guide body or the light reflector. Later, it is reused by emitting again. Therefore, the amount of side lobe light is smaller than that in the linear arrangement in the case where only the triangular prism unit lens is used. In addition, the luminance in the normal direction is improved. Also, compared to the elliptical cylinder lens alone, the light beam is deflected by the triangular prism lens (the direction of oblique incident light is directed to the normal direction of the exit surface), so the diffusion angle can be narrowed down to a desired angle sharply. Becomes As a result, the amount of emitted light at an angle close to the normal line is large, and the amount of light emitted at an angle away from the normal direction, particularly side lobe light, is reduced, and the luminance when viewed from a direction perpendicular to the emission surface is maximized. Can be.
【０００９】[0009]
【実施例】以下、図面に従って本発明のフィルムレン
ズ、それを用いた面光源、またその面光源を用いた透過
型表示体を詳述する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The film lens of the present invention, a surface light source using the same, and a transmissive display using the surface light source will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
【００１０】先ず、図１は本発明のフィルムレンズの一
実施例を示す斜視図である。本発明のフィルムレンズ１
は、三角柱単位レンズ２１と、楕円柱単位レンズ２２と
を、平行に交互に隣接して複数配列したものである。三
角柱単位レンズ２１は、その頂角部分が稜線３３を成
し、一方、楕円柱単位レンズ２２は、その最大高さを与
える頭部が（実際には滑らかな曲面であるが、三角柱単
位レンズと同様にみたてて仮想的な）稜線３３を成す。
そして、三角柱単位レンズと楕円柱単位レンズとは、各
々の稜線同士が互いに平行になるように、交互に隣接し
て配列される。なお、同図では、フィルムレンズ１は、
平坦シート状の透明基材シート３１上に、透明材料から
なるレンズ層３２を積層した２層構成の透明基材３から
構成される。また、図２は、透明基材３にて直接レンズ
を形成した単層構成のフィルムレンズ１の別の態様を示
す。なお、以下の幾何光学的説明図では、便宜上複層及
び単層構成を含めて単層的表現で行う。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of the film lens of the present invention. Film lens 1 of the present invention
Has a plurality of triangular prism unit lenses 21 and elliptic cylinder unit lenses 22 arranged in parallel and alternately adjacent to each other. The apex of the triangular prism unit lens 21 forms a ridge line 33, while the elliptic cylinder unit lens 22 has a head that gives its maximum height (actually, it has a smooth curved surface. Similarly, a ridge line 33 (virtually viewed) is formed.
The triangular prism unit lenses and the elliptic cylinder unit lenses are alternately arranged adjacent to each other so that their ridge lines are parallel to each other. In the figure, the film lens 1 is
It is composed of a two-layer transparent base material 3 in which a lens layer 32 made of a transparent material is laminated on a flat sheet-shaped transparent base material sheet 31. FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the single-layer film lens 1 in which the lens is directly formed on the transparent substrate 3. Note that, in the following geometrical optics explanatory drawings, a single-layer expression including a multi-layer structure and a single-layer structure is used for convenience.
【００１１】図３は、本発明のフィルムレンズを構成す
る三角柱単位レンズと楕円柱単位レンズの主切断面形状
の説明図である。三角柱単位レンズ２１は二等辺三角柱
で、頂角αが８０〜１１０°程度のものが挙げられる。
特に出射面の法線方向の輝度を高くする場合は、頂角α
を９０°に設定すると良い。高さ、底辺長は、２〜１０
０μｍ程度である。FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of the shape of the main section of the triangular prism unit lens and the elliptic cylinder unit lens constituting the film lens of the present invention. The triangular prism unit lens 21 is an isosceles triangular prism having an apex angle α of about 80 to 110 °.
In particular, when increasing the luminance in the normal direction of the emission surface, the apex angle α
Is preferably set to 90 °. Height, base length 2-10
It is about 0 μm.
【００１２】楕円柱単位レンズ２２は、特願平５−１１
２３９７号、特願平５−１６８３７６号等で開示されて
いる様な形状のものが挙げられる。楕円は、短径２ａと
長径２ｂとの長さによって楕円形状が定義されるが、こ
こで用いる楕円柱単位レンズでは、楕円のどの程度の半
円部分を使用するかを定義する、切込量Ｄなる値の３つ
のパラメータから定義される。図３にて、楕円柱単位レ
ンズ２２は、短径方向をｘ軸、長径方向をｙ軸として、
短径は長さ２ａ、長径は長さ２ｂの楕円、すなわち下記
式２ （ｘ2 ／ａ2 ）＋（ｙ2 ／ｂ2 ）＝１ 式２ なる関数で表される楕円の一部を使用する。その一部と
は、切込量Ｄ、すなわち、楕円の仮想的な稜線を形成す
る座標（ｘ，ｙ）＝（０，＋ｂ）の位置から、ｙ軸の負
の方向に切込量Ｄだけ下りた座標（ｘ，ｙ）＝（０，＋
ｂ−Ｄ）を通りｘ軸に平行な線分より上の部分の楕円を
使用する。なお、座標（ｘ，ｙ）＝（０，＋ｂ−Ｄ）よ
りも下の部分も、三角柱単位レンズと楕円柱単位レンズ
とを相互に結合し、形状を維持する等のために、ある程
度の厚さとして必要である。The elliptic cylinder unit lens 22 is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-11 / 1993.
No. 2397, Japanese Patent Application No. 5-168376, and the like. The ellipse has an elliptical shape defined by the length of the minor axis 2a and the major axis 2b. In the elliptic cylinder unit lens used here, the amount of cut that defines how much semicircular portion of the ellipse is used. D is defined from three parameters. In FIG. 3, the elliptic cylinder unit lens 22 has a minor axis direction as an x axis and a major axis direction as a y axis.
The minor axis is a length 2a and the major axis is an ellipse having a length 2b, that is, a part of an ellipse represented by a function expressed by the following formula 2 (x 2 / a 2 ) + (y 2 / b 2 ) = 1 formula 2 I do. A part thereof is a cut amount D, that is, a position corresponding to the cut amount D in the negative direction of the y-axis from the position of coordinates (x, y) = (0, + b) forming a virtual edge line of the ellipse. Coordinates descended (x, y) = (0, +
The ellipse above the line passing through b-D) and parallel to the x-axis is used. The portion below the coordinates (x, y) = (0, + b−D) also has a certain thickness in order to mutually connect the triangular prism unit lens and the elliptic cylinder unit lens and maintain the shape. You need it.
【００１３】楕円柱単位レンズの短径２ａと長径２ｂの
比、また切込量Ｄは、特願平５−１１２３９７号、特願
平５−１６８３７６号等に開示されている値をとること
ができる。例えば、特願平５−１１２３９７号では、屈
折率１．５のとき、長径２ｂ／短径２ａ＝１．２〜２．
０程度（特に１．８前後）、また、切込量Ｄ／長径２ｂ
＝０．０５〜０．２５程度である。また、特願平５−１
６８３７６号では、屈折率１．５のとき、長径２ｂ／短
径２ａ比は、１．２１〜１．４８程度であり、切込量Ｄ
／長径２ｂ比は、０．０５〜０．１５程度である。短径
長、長径長は、それぞれ、２ａ＝２〜１３７μｍ、２ｂ
＝３〜１６６μｍ程度である。The ratio of the minor axis 2a to the major axis 2b of the elliptic cylinder unit lens and the cutting depth D can take the values disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Nos. 5-112397 and 5-168376. it can. For example, in Japanese Patent Application No. 5-112397, when the refractive index is 1.5, the major axis 2b / minor axis 2a = 1.2 to 2.0.
About 0 (especially around 1.8), and the cutting depth D / long diameter 2b
= About 0.05 to 0.25. In addition, Japanese Patent Application No. 5-1
According to Japanese Patent No. 68376, when the refractive index is 1.5, the ratio of the major axis 2b to the minor axis 2a is about 1.21 to 1.48, and the cutting amount D
The ratio of 2 / major axis 2b is about 0.05 to 0.15. The minor axis length and the major axis length are 2a = 2 to 137 μm and 2b, respectively.
= About 3 to 166 µm.
【００１４】図４は、従来の三角柱単位レンズ２１のみ
による場合のサイドローブの発生の説明図である。裏面
からの入射光Ｉｉｎは、斜面のＢ点で全反射し、ＡＢＣ
の経路を通って出射光Ｉｏとなり、同図の場合、出射光
Ｉｏは斜め方向に出射してサイドローブ光Ｉｓｌとな
る。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the occurrence of side lobes when only the conventional triangular prism unit lens 21 is used. The incident light Iin from the back surface is totally reflected at point B on the slope, and ABC
In this case, the emitted light Io is emitted obliquely and becomes the side lobe light Isl.
【００１５】しかし、図５に示す本発明のフィルムレン
ズでは、三角柱単位レンズの隣に楕円柱単位レンズがあ
る為、このようなサイドローブ光は防止される。すなわ
ち、裏面からの入射光Ｉｉｎ1 は、斜面上のＢ点で全反
射し、ＡＢＣの経路を通って三角柱単位レンズ２１から
斜めに出射してサイドローブ光Ｉｓｌと一旦はなるが、
そのまま楕円柱単位レンズ２２にＤ点で入射し、以降、
ＤＥＦＧＨの経路を通り、導光体或いは光源側となるフ
ィルムレンズの裏面からの出射光Ｌｆとなって、導光体
側、或いは光反射体側へフィードバックされる。この
為、サイドローブ光Ｉｓｌは、外部に出射されない。ま
た、フィードバックされた光の一部は、再度導光体内、
或いは光反射体で反射されて出射光として利用される
為、光エネルギーの利用効率も良い。However, in the film lens of the present invention shown in FIG. 5, since the elliptical cylinder unit lens is located next to the triangular prism unit lens, such side lobe light is prevented. That is, the incident light Iin1 from the back surface is totally reflected at the point B on the slope, exits obliquely from the triangular prism unit lens 21 through the ABC path, and once becomes the side lobe light Isl.
The light is directly incident on the elliptic cylinder unit lens 22 at the point D, and thereafter,
The light passes through the path of the DEFGH, becomes the light Lf emitted from the light guide or the back surface of the film lens on the light source side, and is fed back to the light guide or the light reflector. For this reason, the side lobe light Isl is not emitted to the outside. In addition, part of the light that was fed back again into the light guide,
Alternatively, since the light is reflected by the light reflector and used as the outgoing light, the utilization efficiency of the light energy is high.
【００１６】一方、入射光Ｉｉｎ2 はＩＪの経路を通っ
てＩｏ2 となって出射し、Ｉｉｎ3はＫＬの経路を通っ
てＩｏ3 となって出射して、それぞれ出射面の法線方向
近傍の有効な光として利用される。On the other hand, the incident light Iin2 exits as Io2 through the path of IJ, and Iin3 exits as Io3 through the path of KL. Used as
【００１７】三角柱単位レンズと楕円柱単位レンズとの
高さは、以上の様な点から、楕円柱単位レンズの高さ
（すなわち切込量Ｄとなる）を、三角柱単位レンズから
発生するサイドローブを抑える点から、三角柱単位レン
ズ高さよりも高くする。また、先端の丸い楕円柱単位レ
ンズで外力を受けたときに、三角柱単位レンズの頂角部
分に相当する先端を保護して傷付き難くする為にも、楕
円柱単位レンズの高さを三角柱単位レンズの高さより高
くすることが好ましい。From the above points, the height of the triangular prism unit lens and the elliptical cylinder unit lens is determined by determining the height of the elliptic cylinder unit lens (that is, the cut amount D) by the side lobe generated from the triangular prism unit lens. From the viewpoint of suppressing the height, make the height higher than the triangular prism unit lens height. Also, when an external force is applied to the elliptic cylinder unit with a rounded tip, the height of the elliptical cylinder unit lens is adjusted to the triangular prism unit to protect the tip corresponding to the apex of the triangular prism unit lens and make it hard to be damaged. Preferably, the height is higher than the height of the lens.
【００１８】本発明のフィルムレンズ１は透明基材で作
られる。透明基材としては、ポリエチレンテレフタレー
ト、ポリブチレンテレフタレート等のポリエステル樹
脂、ポリメチルメタクリレート等のアクリル樹脂、ポリ
カーボネート樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、あるいは、ポリ
エステルアクリレート、ウレタンアクリレート、エポキ
シアクリレート等のオリゴマー及び／又はモノマー等か
らなる電離放射線硬化性樹脂を紫外線又は電子線等の電
離放射線で硬化させた樹脂等で透明性の良い樹脂が用い
られる。このような樹脂は、屈折率は通常１．４９〜
１．５５程度のものである。また、樹脂以外にも、透明
性が良けば、ガラス、セラミックス等でも使用できる。The film lens 1 of the present invention is made of a transparent substrate. Examples of the transparent base material include polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, acrylic resins such as polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate resins, polystyrene resins, and oligomers and / or monomers such as polyester acrylate, urethane acrylate, and epoxy acrylate. A resin having high transparency, such as a resin obtained by curing an ionizing radiation-curable resin using ionizing radiation such as an ultraviolet ray or an electron beam, is used. Such resins typically have a refractive index of 1.49 to
It is about 1.55. In addition to resin, glass, ceramics and the like can be used as long as transparency is good.
【００１９】単層構成のフィルムレンズ１を作るには、
例えば特開昭５６−１５７３１０号公報に開示されてい
るような公知の熱可塑性樹脂の熱プレス法や、射出成形
法が利用できる。また、２層構成のフィルムレンズ１を
作るには、例えば、透明基材シート３１上にレンズ層３
２を形成すればよい。具体的には、例えば特開平５−１
６９９０１５号公報に開示されているような、所望の三
角柱単位レンズ形状と楕円柱単位レンズ形状とに対して
逆形状の凹部（正確には凹凸形状）を有するロール凹版
に電離放射線硬化性樹脂液を充填し、これに透明基材シ
ート３１を重ねて、重ねたまま紫外線や電子線等の電離
放射線を透明基材シート側から照射して（ロール凹版が
ガラス等で透明な場合はロール凹版の内側からも可
能）、電離放射線硬化性樹脂液を硬化させ、その後、透
明基材シート３１を硬化した樹脂と共にロール凹版から
剥離することにより、硬化した電離放射線硬化性樹脂液
が、所望の形状の三角柱単位レンズと楕円柱単位レンズ
とを有するレンズ層３２となって透明基材シート３１上
に形成されたフィルムレンズ１が得られる。In order to make a single-layer film lens 1,
For example, a known thermoplastic resin hot pressing method or an injection molding method as disclosed in JP-A-56-157310 can be used. Further, in order to produce a two-layer film lens 1, for example, a lens layer 3 is provided on a transparent base sheet 31.
2 may be formed. More specifically, for example, see
The ionizing radiation-curable resin liquid is applied to a roll intaglio having a concave portion (more precisely, a concave and convex shape) having a shape opposite to the desired triangular prism unit lens shape and elliptic cylinder unit lens shape as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 699015. After filling, the transparent substrate sheet 31 is superimposed, and ionizing radiation such as ultraviolet rays or electron beams is irradiated from the transparent substrate sheet side while the transparent substrate sheet 31 is being superimposed (when the roll intaglio is transparent with glass or the like, the inside of the roll intaglio is Is possible), the ionizing radiation-curable resin liquid is cured, and then the transparent substrate sheet 31 is peeled off from the roll intaglio together with the cured resin, so that the cured ionizing radiation-curable resin liquid has a triangular prism having a desired shape. The film lens 1 formed on the transparent base sheet 31 as the lens layer 32 having the unit lens and the elliptic cylinder unit lens is obtained.
【００２０】上記の電離放射線硬化性樹脂によるフィル
ムレンズの製造方法を、図９、図１０を参照してさらに
詳述する。The method of manufacturing a film lens using the above ionizing radiation curable resin will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS.
【００２１】図９は、本発明のフィルムレンズの製造工
程の一例を示す工程図、図１０は図９の製造工程に対応
した製造装置の一例を示す概念図である。先ず、図１０
の製造装置から説明すれば、同図において、７１は形成
するレンズ層３２と逆形状の凹部７２が設けられたロー
ル凹版（但し、図面を簡略化する為、凹部は四角形断面
で図示してある）、７３は電離放射線硬化性樹脂液、３
１は透明基材シート、７４はロール凹版に当接して透明
基材シート３１をロール凹版７１に圧接する押圧ロー
ル、７５は透明基材シート３１の走行を支えるガイドロ
ール、７６は剥離ロール、７７ａ及び７７ｂは電離放射
線硬化性樹脂液を硬化するための電離放射線照射装置、
３２は電離放射線硬化性樹脂液の硬化物として透明基材
シート３１上に形成したレンズ層、１はレンズ層３２を
透明基材シート３１上に有するフィルムレンズ、７８は
電離放射線硬化性樹脂液の塗工装置、７９は塗工装置７
８において電離放射線硬化性樹脂液の塗出量を安定化均
一化するための空洞である。FIG. 9 is a process diagram showing an example of a manufacturing process of the film lens of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a manufacturing apparatus corresponding to the manufacturing process of FIG. First, FIG.
In the figure, reference numeral 71 denotes a roll intaglio provided with a concave portion 72 having an inverse shape to the lens layer 32 to be formed (however, the concave portion is illustrated in a square cross section for simplification of the drawing). ), 73 are ionizing radiation curable resin liquids, 3
1 is a transparent base sheet, 74 is a pressing roll that abuts against the roll intaglio and presses the transparent base sheet 31 against the roll intaglio 71, 75 is a guide roll that supports the running of the transparent base sheet 31, 76 is a peeling roll, 77a And 77b are ionizing radiation irradiation devices for curing the ionizing radiation-curable resin liquid,
32 is a lens layer formed on the transparent substrate sheet 31 as a cured product of the ionizing radiation-curable resin liquid, 1 is a film lens having the lens layer 32 on the transparent substrate sheet 31, 78 is a film lens of the ionizing radiation-curable resin liquid. Coating device, 79 is coating device 7
8 is a cavity for stabilizing and uniformizing the application amount of the ionizing radiation-curable resin liquid.
【００２２】ロール凹版７１は円筒状の版材であり、こ
れに所望のレンズ層の形状と逆形状の凹部７２を設ける
には、円筒状の版材に直接旋盤加工したり、電鋳法で形
成したミルによるミル加工等で切削する方法、電鋳法、
あるいはフォトエッチング法等により行う。ロール凹版
の材質としては、銅、クロム、鉄等の金属、ＮＢＲ、エ
ポキシ樹脂、エボナイト等の合成樹脂、ガラス等のセラ
ミックス等が使用できる。また、ロール凹版の大きさは
特に限定されるものではい。なお、図示はしないがロー
ル凹版は駆動装置に接続されており軸芯の回りに矢印方
向に回転駆動される。The roll intaglio plate 71 is a cylindrical plate material, and in order to provide a concave portion 72 having a shape opposite to the desired lens layer shape, the cylindrical plate material can be directly turned by lathing or electroformed. Cutting method by milling with formed mill, electroforming method,
Alternatively, it is performed by a photo etching method or the like. As the material of the roll intaglio, metals such as copper, chromium and iron, synthetic resins such as NBR, epoxy resin and ebonite, and ceramics such as glass can be used. Further, the size of the roll intaglio is not particularly limited. Although not shown, the roll intaglio is connected to a driving device, and is driven to rotate around the axis in the direction of the arrow.
【００２３】図１０のような装置によるフィルムレンズ
の製造工程は図９に示すように、ステップ１としての充
填工程、ステップ２としての接触工程、ステップ３とし
ての硬化工程、ステップ４としての密着工程、ステップ
５としての剥離工程の各工程から構成される。ステップ
１としての、充填工程は、レンズ層の凹凸形状に対応し
た凹部を有するロール凹版を回転させ、そのロール凹版
の少なくとも凹部に電離放射線硬化性樹脂液を塗工装置
により充填する工程である。次のステップ２としての接
触工程は、充填工程でロール凹版の少なくとも凹部に充
填された電離放射線硬化性樹脂液に対して、ロール凹版
の回転方向に対して同期して走行する透明基材シートを
接触させる工程である。次のステップ３としての硬化工
程は、接触工程によって透明基材シートがロール凹版に
接触して、後述の剥離工程で剥離するまでの間に、透明
基材シートとロール凹版との間に介在する電離放射線硬
化性樹脂液に対して、電離放射線を電離放射線照射装置
により照射して、硬化させる工程である。そして次のス
テップ４としての密着工程は、前の硬化工程と通常同時
に進行する工程で、硬化工程で電離放射線硬化性樹脂液
が硬化することで形成される硬化物をレンズ層として透
明基材シートに密着させる工程である。そして最後のス
テップ５としての剥離工程は、前の密着工程でレンズ層
が密着形成された透明基材シートを剥離してフィルムレ
ンズとして得る工程である。かくして、所望の三角柱単
位レンズと楕円柱単位レンズとからなるレンズ層を有す
る２層構成の、本発明のフィルムレンズを得ることがで
きる。As shown in FIG. 9, the film lens manufacturing process using the apparatus shown in FIG. 10 is as follows: a filling process as step 1, a contacting process as step 2, a curing process as step 3, and a contacting process as step 4. , And the respective steps of a peeling step as step 5. The filling step as Step 1 is a step of rotating a roll intaglio having a concave portion corresponding to the concave-convex shape of the lens layer and filling at least the concave portion of the roll intaglio with an ionizing radiation-curable resin liquid by a coating device. In the contacting step as the next step 2, the transparent base material sheet running in synchronization with the rotation direction of the roll intaglio, with respect to the ionizing radiation-curable resin liquid filled in at least the concave portion of the roll intaglio in the filling step. This is the step of contacting. In the curing step as the next step 3, the transparent substrate sheet is interposed between the transparent substrate sheet and the roll intaglio until the transparent substrate sheet comes into contact with the roll intaglio in the contacting step and is peeled off in a peeling step described later. This is a step of irradiating the ionizing radiation-curable resin liquid with ionizing radiation using an ionizing radiation irradiation device to cure the resin liquid. Then, the adhesion step as the next step 4 is a step which usually proceeds at the same time as the previous curing step, and the cured product formed by curing the ionizing radiation-curable resin liquid in the curing step is used as a lens layer as a transparent substrate sheet. This is the step of bringing the film into close contact. The peeling step as the last step 5 is a step of peeling off the transparent base material sheet on which the lens layer has been formed in the previous contacting step to obtain a film lens. Thus, a film lens of the present invention having a two-layer structure having a lens layer composed of a desired triangular prism unit lens and an elliptic cylinder unit lens can be obtained.
【００２４】なお、２層構成のフィルムレンズにおいて
使用する透明基材シート３１としては、例えば、ポリエ
チレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート等
のポリエステル樹脂等からなるシートが使用できる。厚
みは、レンズ層を形成する際の作業性等から決められる
が、通常２５〜１０００μｍ程度である。As the transparent substrate sheet 31 used in the two-layer film lens, for example, a sheet made of a polyester resin such as polyethylene terephthalate or polybutylene terephthalate can be used. The thickness is determined based on workability in forming the lens layer and the like, and is usually about 25 to 1000 μm.
【００２５】さらに、以上のフィルムレンズを、従来公
知の拡散光を発するエッジライト型面光源（例えば前記
した図８に示す様な面光源）や、直下型面光源、あるい
はＥＬ等の様な電場発光型の平面発光光源の出光面に重
ねることで本発明の面光源が得られる。Further, the above-mentioned film lens is connected to an edge light type surface light source (for example, a surface light source as shown in FIG. 8 described above) which emits diffused light, a direct type surface light source, or an electric field such as EL. The surface light source of the present invention can be obtained by overlapping the light emitting surface of a light emitting type planar light source.
【００２６】エッジライト型面光源としては、例えば透
明な樹脂、硝子の板、或いは空洞からなる導光体（板）
の少なくとも一つの側端面に点光源又は線光源を配置
し、裏面を白色顔料入り塗膜、金属蒸着膜等で光反射体
を形成し、導光板表面を出光面としたものである。図６
は、このような本発明の面光源の一実施例の断面図を示
す。同図は、１は三角柱単位レンズ２１と楕円柱単位レ
ンズ２２を交互に多数備えたフィルムレンズである。そ
のフィルムレンズ１の下方に導光体４を配置し、導光体
４の両側端面には隣接して光源５を内蔵したランプハウ
ス５１を配置し、導光体の下方の裏面には印刷等により
形成したドット状の光拡散反射体５２１を有する光反射
体５２を配置し、また上方には乳白色の光拡散体６を積
層した構成の、所望の拡散角に集光された光線を出射す
る面光源である。なお、フィルムレンズ１のみで、十分
な光の散乱角が得られ、またドット状の光拡散反射体５
２１が不可視化される場合は、光拡散体６は省略し得
る。The edge light type surface light source is, for example, a transparent resin, a glass plate, or a light guide (plate) made of a cavity.
A point light source or a line light source is arranged on at least one side end surface, a light reflector is formed on the back surface with a coating film containing a white pigment, a metal vapor-deposited film, or the like, and the light guide plate surface is a light emitting surface. FIG.
FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of one embodiment of such a surface light source of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a film lens provided with a large number of triangular prism unit lenses 21 and elliptic cylinder unit lenses 22 alternately. A light guide 4 is disposed below the film lens 1, a lamp house 51 having a light source 5 built therein is disposed adjacent to both side end surfaces of the light guide 4, and printing or the like is disposed on a back surface below the light guide 4. A light reflector 52 having a dot-shaped light diffusion reflector 521 formed by the method described above is arranged, and a light beam condensed at a desired diffusion angle is emitted in a configuration in which a milky white light diffuser 6 is laminated above. It is a surface light source. Note that a sufficient light scattering angle can be obtained only by the film lens 1 and that the dot-shaped light diffusion reflector 5
When 21 is invisible, the light diffuser 6 can be omitted.
【００２７】また、直下型面光源としては、例えば図７
に示す様に、内面を金属表面或いは白色塗料塗装面から
なる光反射面とし且つ開口部を有する光反射体としての
ランプハウス５１と、該ランプハウス内に配置した線光
源５或いは点光源５と、該ランプハウスの開口部を被覆
する透光性の光拡散体６と、該光拡散体上を被覆する本
発明のフィルムレンズ１とからなる。ランプハウスは金
属、合成樹脂等から成形され、内面は二酸化チタン等の
白色顔料含有塗料の塗装面、或いは、アルミニウム、ク
ロム等の金属面からなる光反射面とする。線光源として
は蛍光灯、冷陰極管等が、点光源としては白熱電球等が
用いられる。光拡散体としては、アクリル、ポリカーボ
ネート等の透明合成樹脂板に、シリカ、炭酸カルシウ
ム、アクリル、ポリカーボネート等の微粉末からなる光
拡散剤を混練するか、或いは、透明樹脂板表面をエンボ
ス、サンドブラスト等の加工で砂目、梨地等の微小凹凸
を形成させた物を用いる。なお、フィルムレンズ１のみ
で、十分な光の散乱角が得られ、また光源の像が不可視
化される場合は、光拡散体６は省略し得る。As a direct type surface light source, for example, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, a lamp house 51 as a light reflector having an inner surface as a light reflecting surface made of a metal surface or a white paint-coated surface and having an opening, and a line light source 5 or a point light source 5 arranged in the lamp house. A light-transmitting light diffuser 6 covering the opening of the lamp house; and a film lens 1 of the present invention covering the light diffuser. The lamp house is formed from a metal, a synthetic resin, or the like, and the inner surface is a painted surface of a paint containing a white pigment such as titanium dioxide or a light reflecting surface made of a metal surface such as aluminum or chromium. Fluorescent lamps, cold-cathode tubes and the like are used as linear light sources, and incandescent lamps and the like are used as point light sources. As the light diffuser, a transparent synthetic resin plate such as acrylic or polycarbonate is kneaded with a light diffusing agent composed of fine powder such as silica, calcium carbonate, acrylic or polycarbonate, or the surface of the transparent resin plate is embossed or sandblasted. A material having fine irregularities such as grain and satin is formed by the above process. In the case where a sufficient light scattering angle is obtained only by the film lens 1 and the image of the light source is made invisible, the light diffuser 6 may be omitted.
【００２８】電場発光型の平面発光光源としては、硫化
亜鉛、硫化ストロンチウム等を主体とする蛍光体を蒸着
等により製膜したり、蛍光体の微粉末を透明な樹脂に分
散させたものを発光層とし、該発光層を透明電極と光反
射性電極とで挟持した、いわゆるエレクトロ・ルミネセ
ンス（ＥＬ）パネルを用いる。As the electroluminescent planar light source, a phosphor mainly composed of zinc sulfide, strontium sulfide, or the like is formed into a film by vapor deposition or the like, or a phosphor in which fine powder is dispersed in a transparent resin emits light. A so-called electroluminescence (EL) panel in which the light-emitting layer is sandwiched between a transparent electrode and a light-reflective electrode.
【００２９】さらに、以上の面光源を、透過型の液晶表
示素子や広告板等の表示体の背面に配置することで、本
発明の透過型表示体が得られる。なお、本発明の面光源
を用いた透過型表示体としては、液晶表示素子以外にも
表示物の裏面から光線を照射する形式の広告板、交通標
識、案内板等の表示体等も含まれる。Further, by disposing the above-mentioned surface light source on the back of a display such as a transmissive liquid crystal display device or an advertising board, the transmissive display of the present invention can be obtained. The transmissive display using the surface light source of the present invention includes, in addition to the liquid crystal display element, a display such as an advertising board, a traffic sign, a guide board, or the like in which light is emitted from the back surface of the display object. .
【００３０】[0030]
【発明の効果】本発明のフィルムレンズは以上説明した
ように構成されているので、出射面の法線方向近傍で出
射する光量が多く且つ法線方向から離れて出射する光
量、特にサイドローブ光量が少なくて光の利用効率が良
く、均一で明るい面光源を与え得る。また、三角柱単位
レンズの高さが楕円柱単位レンズの高さよりも低くする
ことにより三角柱単位レンズの頂角の傷付きを防止でき
る。また、光の利用効率が良いために光源の負担が軽く
なり、面光源及び透過型表示体として省スペース、省電
力が可能となる。Since the film lens of the present invention is constructed as described above, a large amount of light exits near the normal direction of the exit surface and a large amount of light exits away from the normal direction, particularly the side lobe light amount. And a good light use efficiency, and a uniform and bright surface light source can be provided. Further, by setting the height of the triangular prism unit lens lower than the height of the elliptic cylinder unit lens, it is possible to prevent the apex angle of the triangular prism unit lens from being damaged. In addition, since the light use efficiency is high, the load on the light source is reduced, and space and power can be saved as the surface light source and the transmissive display.
【図１】本発明のフィルムレンズの一実施例を示す斜視
図。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of a film lens of the present invention.
【図２】本発明のフィルムレンズの他の実施例を示す斜
視図。FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the film lens of the present invention.
【図３】本発明のフィルムレンズを構成する三角柱単位
レンズと楕円柱単位レンズの形状の説明図（主切断
面）。FIG. 3 is an explanatory view (main cut surface) of the shapes of a triangular prism unit lens and an elliptic cylinder unit lens constituting the film lens of the present invention.
【図４】従来の三角柱単位レンズによるサイドローブ発
生の説明図。FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of side lobe generation by a conventional triangular prism unit lens.
【図５】本発明のフィルムレンズによるサイドローブ防
止の説明図。FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of prevention of side lobes by the film lens of the present invention.
【図６】本発明のフィルムレンズを用いたエッジライト
型の面光源の一実施例の断面図。FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of an edge light type surface light source using the film lens of the present invention.
【図７】本発明のフィルムレンズを用いた直下型の面光
源の一実施例を示す断面図。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a direct-type surface light source using the film lens of the present invention.
【図８】従来の光拡散層のみを用いたエッジライト型の
面光源の斜視図。FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a conventional edge light type surface light source using only a light diffusion layer.
【図９】本発明で用いるフィルムレンズの製造工程の一
例を示す工程図。FIG. 9 is a process chart showing an example of a manufacturing process of a film lens used in the present invention.
【図１０】図９の製造工程に対応した製造装置の一例を
示す概念図。FIG. 10 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a manufacturing apparatus corresponding to the manufacturing process of FIG.
１ フィルムレンズ ２１ 三角柱単位レンズ ２２ 楕円柱単位レンズ ３ 透明基材 ３１ 透明基材シート ３２ レンズ層 ３３ 稜線 ４ 導光体 ５ 光源 ５１ ランプハウス ５２ 光反射体 ５２１ 光拡散反射体 ６ 光拡散体 ７１ ロール凹版 ７２ 凹部 ７３ 電離放射線硬化性樹脂液 ７４ 押圧ロール ７５ ガイドロール ７６ 剥離ロール ７７ａ，７７ｂ 電離放射線照射装置 ７８ 塗工装置 ７９ 空洞 Ｄ 切込量 Ｌ 出射面の法線 Ｓ１ 充填工程 Ｓ２ 接触工程 Ｓ３ 硬化工程 Ｓ４ 密着工程 Ｓ５ 剥離工程 α 頂角 β，γ 頂角 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Film lens 21 Triangular prism unit lens 22 Elliptic cylinder unit lens 3 Transparent base material 31 Transparent base material sheet 32 Lens layer 33 Ridge line 4 Light guide 5 Light source 51 Lamp house 52 Light reflector 521 Light diffusion reflector 6 Light diffuser 71 Roll Intaglio 72 Depressed portion 73 Ionizing radiation curable resin liquid 74 Pressing roll 75 Guide roll 76 Peeling roll 77a, 77b Ionizing radiation irradiating device 78 Coating device 79 Cavity D Cut amount L Normal line of emission surface S1 Filling process S2 Contacting process S3 Curing Process S4 Adhesion process S5 Peeling process α vertex angle β, γ vertex angle
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) G02B 6/00 331 F21V 8/00 601 G02B 5/04 G02F 1/13357 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. 7 , DB name) G02B 6/00 331 F21V 8/00 601 G02B 5/04 G02F 1/13357
Claims (5)
を、各稜線が互いに平行になるように交互に隣接して複
数配列したことを特徴とするフィルムレンズ。1. A film lens comprising a plurality of triangular prism unit lenses and elliptic cylinder unit lenses arranged alternately adjacent to each other so that each ridge line is parallel to each other.
導光体の少なくとも一つの側端面に隣接して配置された
線光源又は点光源と、導光体の裏面に備えられた光反射
体と、導光体の上面に配置された請求項１記載のフィル
ムレンズと、からなることを特徴とする面光源。2. A light-transmitting substance or a light guide having a hollow inside,
2. A light source or a point light source arranged adjacent to at least one side end surface of the light guide, a light reflector provided on a back surface of the light guide, and an upper surface of the light guide. And a film lens.
の下面及び側面を覆い光源側内側が光反射面を成す光反
射体と、光源の上方に配置された請求項１記載のフィル
ムレンズと、からなることを特徴とする面光源。3. The film according to claim 1, wherein one or more linear light sources or point light sources, a light reflector covering the lower surface and side surfaces of the light source and forming a light reflecting surface on the light source side inner side, and the film disposed above the light source. A surface light source, comprising: a lens.
発光光源の出光面上に配置された請求項１記載のフィル
ムレンズと、からなることを特徴とする面光源。4. A plane light emitting source of the electroluminescent element type, the plane
A surface light source, comprising: the film lens according to claim 1 disposed on a light emitting surface of a light emission light source.
光源として備えたことを特徴とする透過型表示体。5. A transmissive display comprising the surface light source according to claim 2, as a back light source.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19619794A JP3309173B2 (en) | 1994-07-29 | 1994-07-29 | Film lens, surface light source and transmissive display |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19619794A JP3309173B2 (en) | 1994-07-29 | 1994-07-29 | Film lens, surface light source and transmissive display |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH0843634A JPH0843634A (en) | 1996-02-16 |
| JP3309173B2 true JP3309173B2 (en) | 2002-07-29 |
Family
ID=16353813
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP19619794A Expired - Lifetime JP3309173B2 (en) | 1994-07-29 | 1994-07-29 | Film lens, surface light source and transmissive display |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3309173B2 (en) |
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-
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| US9417363B2 (en) | 2008-07-18 | 2016-08-16 | Dai Nippon Printing Co., Ltd. | Optical sheet, surface light source device and transmission-type display device |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH0843634A (en) | 1996-02-16 |
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