JP3430022B2 - Replacement device for observation equipment - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an exchanging device for exchanging an observing device mounted on a telescope body for astronomical observation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 10 is a view showing a conventional method of fixing an observation apparatus to a telescope body, 1 is a telescope body,
3 is an observing device, 40 is a frame for fixing the observing device 3 to the telescope body 1, the observing device 3 necessary for astronomical observation is fixed to the frame 40, and further, the frame 40 is fixed to the telescope body 1. There is. When replacing the observation device 3 with another observation device according to the purpose of observation, the frame 40 is removed from the telescope body 1 while the observation device 3 is fixed, and another observation device is fixed. The other frame is fixed to the telescope body 1.

[0003]

Since the conventional method of fixing the observing device to the telescope body is as described above, the observing device is exchanged for each frame in order to perform another observation. There is a need. However, since the observation device for astronomical observation has a weight of several hundred kilograms including the frame, it requires a large amount of time to replace the observation device, and there is a problem that it takes a lot of time to replace the observation device. Moreover, in the future, since the number and type of observation devices required for one telescope body will increase, the replacement work will become more frequent, and the time required for the replacement work will be shortened. .

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems. A frame equipped with a plurality of observation devices is fixed to a telescope body, and
An object of the present invention is to provide an observation device exchange device capable of positioning an observation device suitable for a purpose at a predetermined position.

[0005]

An exchanging device for an observing device according to claim 1 of the present invention is a frame fixed to a telescope main body and carrying a plurality of observing devices for astronomical observation,
The observation device provided in the frame and provided with a moving means for moving each of the observation devices in a plane perpendicular to the telescope main body direction, exchanging positions of the plurality of observation devices, and an observation device suitable for an observation purpose are provided. It is arranged at a predetermined position of the frame.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the exchanging device for an observing device, a means for moving the observing device in the direction of the telescope body of the frame, and an observing device moved to a predetermined position in the direction of the telescope body are provided in the frame. And a fixing means for fixing to.

The exchanging device for an observing device according to claim 3 of the present invention is a guide guide for suppressing lateral displacement (displacement in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the telescope body) of the observing device in the vicinity of the fixing means. It is provided with a pin.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the exchanging device for an observing device, the observing device is attached to an inner frame, and the inner frame is moved within a plane perpendicular to the telescope body direction. Mounted on an outer frame equipped with transportation means,
Only the inner frame is moved toward the telescope body of the frame.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the exchanging device for an observing device, friction reducing means is provided between the inner frame and the outer frame.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Embodiment 1. 1 and 2 are views showing the configuration of the exchange apparatus for the observation apparatus according to the first embodiment. FIG. 1 (a) is a front view, FIG. 1 (b) is a side view, and FIG. 1 (c) is It is a HH arrow line view of Fig.1 (a). 2A is a detailed view of the J portion of FIG. 1A, FIG. 2B is a side view of FIG. 2A, and FIG.
2C is a view taken along the line KK of FIG. 2A, and FIG.
The LL arrow line view of (a) is shown. In this embodiment, the observation device is attached to the telescope body from below, and the vertical direction, that is, the height direction of the observation device is the Z-axis direction, the length direction is the X-axis, and the width direction (horizontal direction). Is the Y-axis direction. In each figure, 1 is a telescope main body, 2 is supporting three observation devices 3, 4 and 5, and the above-mentioned 3 observation devices are X.
The frame includes an X-axis drive mechanism 6 that can be driven in the axial direction and a Y-axis drive mechanism 7 that can be driven in the Y-axis direction. The X-axis drive mechanism 6 and the Y-axis drive mechanism 7 move the observation devices 3, 4, 5 independently, and exchange the positions of the three observation devices 3, 4, 5 to perform observation. It constitutes a moving means for positioning the observation device suitable for the purpose at a predetermined position.

The respective observation devices 3, 4, 5 are fixed to a frame body called an inner frame 8 with bolts so as to be integrated with the respective inner frames 8, and an X-axis drive mechanism 6 and a Y-axis drive mechanism 7 are provided.
It is mounted on a frame body called an outer frame 9 provided with. Here, the X-axis drive mechanism 6 and the Y of the three observation devices 3, 4, and 5 are used.
Since it is the same as the axis drive mechanism 7, the configuration and operation of the X axis drive mechanism 6 and the Y axis drive mechanism 7 of the observation device 3 will be described. First, the X-axis drive mechanism 6 will be described. Outer frame 9
2A, 2B, and 2C, an AC servomotor 10, a speed reducer 11, and an AC servomotor 1 are provided.
Shafts 12, 12a for transmitting 0 rotation, bevel gears 13, 14, 13a, 14a, and bevel gears 14, 14a
Shafts 15 and 15a directly connected to the spur gears 16 and 1
7, 16a, 17a are provided. On both sides of the outer frame 9, linear guides 18 and 18a with ball screws connected to the spur gears 17 and 17a and nut blocks 19 and 19a that slide in the X-axis direction by the rotation of the ball screws.
And are provided. This nut block 19, 19a
Are fixed to the upper part of the frame 2 via arms 20 and 20a and a Y-axis drive mechanism 7 described later, respectively (see FIG. 2B). Since the forward and reverse rotations of the AC servomotor 10 fixed to the outer frame 9 are transmitted from the shafts 12 and 12a to the linear guides 18 and 18a with ball screws via the spur gears 17 and 17a, they are fixed to the inner frame 8. The observation device 3 includes the linear guides 18 and 18 with ball screws.
As the nut blocks 19 and 19a connected to a are slid in the X-axis direction, they are mounted on the outer frame 9 and
Along with this, it moves in the X-axis direction (left and right directions in FIG. 2B or up and down directions in FIG. 2C).

Next, the Y-axis drive mechanism 7 will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 2 (a), (c), and (d), the outer frame 9 is
The arm 2 held via the linear guides 18 and 18a with ball screws and the nut blocks 19 and 19a.
0 and 20a are fixed to a flat plate-shaped table 21 which is parallel to the XY plane and extends in the Y-axis direction. The Y-axis drive mechanism 7 includes a table 21, a linear guide 22 and a linear guide 23 with a rack attached to the lower surface of the upper portion of the frame 2 and having a rack formed on one side, and the linear guides 22 and 23, respectively. Linear guide blocks 24, 24a, 24b, 24c that slide in the axial direction, an AC servomotor 25 and a speed reducer 26 fixed to the table 21, and the linear guide 22 attached to the output shaft end of the speed reducer 26. And a pinion 27 that meshes with. Since the linear guides 22 and 23 are fixed to the upper part of the frame 2, by rotating the AC servomotor 25 forward and backward, the rack-pinion mechanism of the linear guide 22 and the pinion 27
The table 21 moves on the linear guide 22 in the Y-axis direction. Therefore, the observation device 3 fixed to the inner frame 8 moves in the Y-axis direction (left-right direction in FIGS. 2A and 2D) together with the outer frame 9 while being mounted on the outer frame 9.

Next, a method of replacing the three observation devices 3, 4, 5 by the X-snow driving mechanism 6 and the Y-axis driving mechanism 7 will be described with reference to FIGS. 3, 4 and 5. . FIG. 3 is a model view of this device viewed from the top, where the vertical direction is the X-axis direction and the horizontal direction is the Y-axis direction.
It is assumed that 4, 5 are mounted in order. Here, the position of the center of the circle shown in the center of the figure is the observation target position, which is the predetermined position of the observation device among the observation devices 3, 4, and 5 according to the observation purpose (here, The celestial body is observed by matching the center of the observation device) with the observation target position. The frame 2 has rack-mounted linear guides 22 and 22a and linear guides 23 and 23a on the front side and the back side, respectively.
Are fixed, and the observation devices 3 and 5 on both sides are attached to the linear guide 22 with a rack and the linear guide 23 via the tables 21 and 21b, and the central observation device 4 arranged at the observation target position is The linear guide 22a with a rack and the linear guide 23a are attached via a table 21a. In addition, linear guides 1 with a ball screw provided on both sides of each outer frame 9 of the observation devices 3, 4, 5
8, 18a are arranged on the front side in the observation devices 3 and 5, and on the back side in the observation device 4. Therefore, the Y-axis direction driving range of the observation devices 3 and 5 is from the respective initial positions to the position of the observation device 4, and the observation device 3 (observation device 5) is the observation device 5 (observation device 3) of FIG. It is impossible to place it in the position. In the observation device 4, Y
There is no limitation on the axial drive range, and the observation device 3, shown in FIG.
It can also be placed in position 5.

For example, a case will be described in which the observation device 3 and the observation device 4 are exchanged from the state of FIG. 3 and the observation device 3 is placed at the observation target position. First, as shown in FIG. 4 (a), the X-axis drive mechanism 6 moves the observation device 3 and the observation device 4 to the front side and the back side in the X-axis direction, respectively, and then to FIG. ), The Y-axis drive mechanism 7 is driven in the lateral (Y) direction to move the observation device 3 to the center of the frame 2 and the observation device 5 to the right side of the frame 2, and then, as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the X-axis drive mechanism 6 again moves the observation devices 3 and 4 to the center in the vertical (X) direction, thereby arranging the observation device 3 on the observation target and
Is placed at the position where the observation device 3 was placed. However, in this case, the observation device 5 remains stationary.

Next, from the state of FIG.
The case where the observation device 4 is replaced with the observation device 5 and the observation device 5 is arranged at the observation target position will be described. First, FIG. 5 (a)
As shown in, the X-axis drive mechanism 6 moves the observation device 3 and the observation device 5 to the front side in the X-axis direction, and drives the observation device 4 to the rear side in the X-axis direction. Next, FIG.
As shown in (b), the observation device 3 and the observation device 5 are moved to the right and the observation device 4 is moved to the left by the Y-axis driver lateral 7 to observe the arrangement of the observation devices in the Y-axis direction. After arranging the devices 3, 5, 4 in this order, the observation devices 3, 4, 5 are moved to the center in the vertical (X) direction by the X-axis drive mechanism 6 again as shown in FIG. Device 5
Is placed at the observation target position.

Further, when the observation device 4 is arranged at the observation target position from the state of FIG. 5 (c), the observation device 3 described above is used.
And the observation device 4 are exchanged (Figs. 4 (a) to (c)).
The observation device 4 and the observation device 5 may be exchanged in the same manner as in (Ref.). However, in this case, the observation device 3 remains stationary.

As described above, according to the first embodiment, 3
The observation devices 3, 4, 5 are mounted on the frame 2, and the frame 2 is provided with an X-axis drive mechanism 6 and a Y-axis drive mechanism 7 for independently moving the observation devices 3, 4, 5 respectively. By doing so, the three observation devices 3, 4, and 5 can be quickly replaced without removing them from the telescope body 1, so that the observation device can be replaced easily and the observation device replacement time can be reduced. It can be greatly shortened.

Embodiment 2. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the configuration of the exchange apparatus for the observation apparatus according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 6A is a front view, and FIG. 6B is a CC arrow view thereof. In FIG. 6A, the observation devices 3a, 4a, 5a indicated by broken lines in the figure are in a state immediately after positioning in the XY plane by the X-axis drive mechanism 6 and the Y-axis drive mechanism 7 described above. 28a indicates a state before the observation device of the Z-axis drive mechanism installed at the bottom of the frame 2 is pushed up. As described above, in the observation device exchanging device of the present invention, each of the observation devices 3, 4 and 5 is attached to the inner frame 8, and the inner frame 8 is X.
It is mounted on an outer frame 9 having an axis drive mechanism 6 and a Y-axis drive mechanism 7. The Z-axis drive mechanism 28 includes the observation devices 3,
Only the inner frame 8 to which the 4, 5 are attached is pushed up from the bottom, and the observation devices 3, 4, 5 are moved in the telescope main body direction (Z direction). Therefore, the inner frame 8 is pushed up in the Z direction while sliding on the inner side of the outer frame 9, and is fixed to the upper surface of the frame 2 while maintaining a necessary pressing force. The operating principle of the Z-axis drive mechanism 28 for moving each of the observation devices 3, 4, and 5 in the Z direction is the same, and therefore only the case of the observation device 4 arranged at the observation target position will be described below. I do.

The Z-axis drive mechanism 28, 28a is shown in FIG.
As shown in (a) and (b), the AC servomotor 29
, Reducer 30, ball screw 31, links 32, 3
2a, 32b, 32c and a nut block 33. When the AC servomotor 29 rotates forward and backward, the connection angle of the links 32, 32a, 32b, 32c that are pin-coupled to each other changes to the inner frame 8. Attached observation device 4
To move up and down. Further, couplings 34, 34a, 34b, 34 for fixing the upper and lower teeth by engaging with each other are provided on the frame 2 side of the telescope body 1 side and the observation device 4 side.
c (frame 2 side) and couplings 35, 35a, 35
b, 35c (observation device 4 side) are provided, and the above Z
When the observation device 4 is pushed up by the axis drive mechanism 28,
As shown in FIG. 6A, for example, the coupling 35,
The observation device 4 moved to a predetermined position in the Z-axis direction can be fixed to the frame 2 by meshing 35a with the couplings 34, 34a. In this way, the Z-axis drive mechanisms 28, 28a are provided at the bottom of the frame 2 to press the observation devices 3, 4, 5 against the upper surface of the frame 2, and the telescope main body 1 side frame 2 side and the observation device 4 side are Coupling 34,34a, 34b, 34c, 35,3
The observation devices 3, 4, 5 can be fixed to the upper surface of the frame 2 by providing 5a, 35b, 35c and maintaining the pressing force. The Z-axis drive mechanisms 28, 2
Since 8a does not move the outer frame 9 including the X-axis drive mechanism 6 and the Y-axis drive mechanism 7, the Z-axis drive mechanisms 28 and 28a can be lightly loaded.

Embodiment 3. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the configuration of the exchange apparatus of the observation apparatus according to the third embodiment.
7A is a front view, and FIG. 7B is a CC arrow view thereof. As described in the second embodiment, the observation device 3,
After positioning in the XY directions, the frames 4 and 5 are mounted on the frame 2 by the Z-axis drive mechanism 28 and the couplings 34 and 35.
However, if the positioning accuracy in the XY directions is not very good, the allowable deviation amount due to the engagement of the coupling may be exceeded, and the observation device may not be fixed. Therefore, the guide pins 36, 36a for guiding are provided near the couplings 35a, 35b on the side of the observation devices 3, 4, 5 which are diagonal to each other.
By suppressing the shift of 5 in the XY directions, the shift amount of the engagement of the coupling can be set within the range of the allowable shift amount, and the positioning accuracy of the observation device can be improved.

Fourth Embodiment FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the configuration of the exchange apparatus for the observation apparatus according to the third embodiment.
7A is a view taken along the arrow D-D of FIG. 7A, and FIG. 8B is a view showing details of the C portion of FIG. 8A. In each figure,
Reference numerals 37, 37a, 37b and 37c are columns at four corners of the inner frame 8, and 38 and 38a are rollers (cam followers) provided at the corners of the inner wall of the outer frame 9 as friction reducing means. Thus, the roller 3 is attached to the inner wall of the outer frame 9.
By attaching 8, 38a, the Z-axis drive mechanism 28
When pushing up the observing device 4 by means of the struts 37, 37 at the four corners of the inner frame 8 integrated with the observing device 4,
Since the sliding resistance between the outer walls of a, 37b, 37c and the inner wall of the outer frame 9 can be reduced, the Z-axis drive mechanism 28 can function smoothly.

Embodiment 5. In the fourth embodiment, the rollers 38, 38a are attached to the corners of the inner wall of the outer frame 9 to smoothly move the observation devices 3, 4, 5 in the Z direction. Inner frame 8 4 which is integral
Posts 37, 37a, 37b, 37c at one corner
When the amount of gap between the outer wall of and the inner wall of the outer frame 9 is large,
The amount of deflection around the X and Y axes of the observation device 4 increases,
Since the force applied to the outer frame 9 becomes large, the sliding resistance becomes large. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 9A and 9B, in order to reduce the amount of sagging of the observation device 4, the rollers 38,
By mounting spacers 39, 39a between the inner wall of the outer frame and the spacer 38a, and adjusting the gap amount between the outer wall of the columns 37, 37a, 37b, 37c and the inner wall of the outer frame 9, the wobbling of the observation device 4 described above. The amount can be minimized. Therefore, sliding resistance when pushing up the observation device can be reduced, and the Z-axis drive mechanism 28 can function smoothly.

[0023]

As described above, according to the invention described in claim 1, a plurality of observing devices for astronomical observation are mounted on one frame, and each of the observing devices is mounted on this frame by a telescope. By providing a moving unit that moves in a plane perpendicular to the main body direction, the positions of the plurality of observation devices can be exchanged, and the observation device suitable for the observation purpose can be arranged at a predetermined position of the frame. So
The observation device can be quickly replaced without removing it from the telescope body, the observation device replacement work can be easily performed, and the observation device replacement time can be significantly shortened.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the observation device is moved toward the telescope body of the frame and fixed to the frame, the observation device can be reliably fixed to the upper surface of the frame. .

According to the third aspect of the invention, since the guide pin is provided near the fixing means, the positioning accuracy of the observation device can be further improved.

According to the invention described in claim 4, the inner frame to which the observation device is attached is mounted on the outer frame provided with a moving means for moving each of the observation devices in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the telescope body. Since only the inner frame is moved in the direction of the telescope body of the frame, the load on the means for moving the observation device in the direction of the telescope body of the frame can be reduced.

According to the invention of claim 5, since the friction reducing means is provided between the inner frame and the outer frame, the observation device can be smoothly moved in the direction of the telescope body.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of an exchange apparatus for an observation apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the details of the exchange device of the observation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining a method of replacing the observation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a method of replacing the observation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a method of replacing the observation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of an observation apparatus exchange apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a configuration of an exchange device for an observation device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram showing the configuration of an exchange device for an observation device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a diagram showing the configuration of an exchange apparatus for an observation apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a conventional method for fixing an observation device.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 telescope main body, 2 frames, 3, 4, 5 observation device, 3a, 4a, 5a (after movement in XY directions) observation device, 6 X-axis drive mechanism, 7 Y-axis drive mechanism, 8 inner frame, 9
Outer frame, 10 AC servo motor, 11, reducer, 1
2, 12a, shaft, 13, 13a, 14, 14a
Bevel gears, 12, 12a, shafts, 16, 16
a, 17, 17a Spur gear, 18, 18a Linear guide with ball screw, 19, 19a Nut block, 2
0, 20a arm, 21, 21a, 21b table, 22, 22a rack linear guide, 23, 23
a linear guide, 24, 24a, 24b, 24c linear guide block, 25 AC servo motor, 26
Reducer, 27 pinion, 28, 28a Z-axis drive mechanism, 29 AC servomotor, 30 reducer, 31 ball screw, 32, 32a, 32b, 32c link, 3
3 Nut blocks, 34, 34a, 34b, 34c
Coupling (on frame side), 35, 35a, 35
b, 35c (observer side) coupling, 36, 3
6a guide pin, 37, 37a, 37b, 37c
Posts, 38, 38a Rollers (cam followers), 3
9,39a Spacer.

Continuation of front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G02B 23/16 G02B 23/00

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A frame fixed to a telescope main body, which mounts a plurality of observation devices for astronomical observation, and a frame provided on the frame, wherein each of the observation devices is moved in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the telescope main body. An observing device exchanging device, characterized in that the observing device is arranged at a predetermined position of the frame by exchanging the positions of the plurality of observing devices so as to exchange the positions of the plurality of observing devices. 2. The observing device according to claim 1, further comprising: a means for moving the observing device toward a telescope body of the frame; and a fixing means for fixing the moved observing device to the frame. Exchange device. 3. The exchanging device for an observing device according to claim 2, wherein a guide guide pin for suppressing lateral displacement of the observing device is provided in the vicinity of the fixing means. 4. Each observation device is attached to an inner frame, and the inner frame is mounted on an outer frame provided with a moving means for moving each of the observation devices in a plane perpendicular to the telescope body direction. 3. Only the inner frame is moved in the direction of the telescope body of the frame.
Replacement device for the observation device described in. 5. The observation device exchanging device according to claim 4, wherein friction reducing means is provided between the inner frame and the outer frame.