JP3429464B2 - Variable reluctance angle detector - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a variable reluctance type angle detector, and in particular, by winding an exciting winding at every other magnetic pole pitch for each magnetic pole, harmonic components are removed and accuracy is improved. , A reduction in cost, and a new improvement for enabling machine winding.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional angle detector of this type, there can be mentioned resolvers shown in FIGS. That is, in FIG. 3, the stator 1 is a ring-shaped magnetic body having four slots 2 formed between four salient poles 3,
A one-phase excitation winding 4 is wound around each salient pole (magnetic pole) 3 so as to be located in each slot 2. At the center position of the stator 1, a rotor 5 made of only an iron core having no winding is rotatably provided, and the center of the rotor 5 is deviated from the center of the stator 1 so as to be eccentric. The gap permeance between the rotor 5 and the salient pole 3 of the stator 1 is an angle θ.
The rotor is configured so as to change sinusoidally with respect to.

Further, sin and cos output windings 6 and 7 are wound at every other magnetic pole pitch for each magnetic pole 3, and a sin output voltage 8 of sin wave is output from the sin output winding 6. c
The os output winding 7 outputs the cos output voltage 9 of the cos wave. As shown in FIG. 4, the exciting windings 4 are sequentially provided on each magnetic pole 3, that is, at a pitch of one slot.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5, due to the excitation voltage supplied through the excitation winding 4, the sin output winding 6 and the cos output winding 7 from the sin output winding 6 and the cos output winding 7 as shown in FIG. B,
As shown in FIG. 6, the waveforms corresponding to c and D correspond to the rotation of the rotor 5 and the cos output voltage 9 of a + B and s of c + D.
in Output voltage 8 is output.

The conventional variable reluctance type angle detector has the following problems because it is constructed as described above. That is, the change in the magnetic flux that crosses the output winding due to the change in the gap between the rotor and the stator is detected as the change in the voltage output, so the output voltage is
Although it changes in proportion to sin θ and cos θ, it is extremely difficult to improve the output accuracy due to the influence of this rotor shape error and the generation of harmonic components. Further, if harmonic components are removed by a coil, a means of making the output winding short-pitch winding can be taken as shown in FIG. 5, but in this method, the excitation winding and the output winding are interlaced windings in each slot. Therefore, mechanical winding was very difficult.

In order to solve such a problem, for example, a variable reluctance type angle detector as disclosed in JP-A-8-178611 has been proposed.
In the variable reluctance type angle detector described in this document, the output winding is wound so that the induced voltage distribution generated in the output winding for one phase of the output winding becomes a sine wave distribution. However, since the excitation winding is wound around each magnetic pole, the winding corresponding to the magnetic pole is difficult to reduce, and it is difficult to reduce the number of windings (quantity), and it is difficult to reduce the manufacturing cost. It was

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a variable reluctance type angle detector which is light in weight and low in cost and capable of removing harmonic components, improving accuracy and mechanical winding.

[0007]

The above object can be achieved by the present invention described below. (1) An exciting winding (4) and two or more n-phase output windings (6, 7) are provided in the slot (2) of the stator (1),
It is rotatably provided with respect to the stator (1), has a shape in which a gap permeance between the stator (1) and the stator (1) changes in a sine wave shape with respect to an angle θ, and has a winding only with a magnetic member. A variable reluctance type angle detector having a rotor (5) having a non-existing configuration, the excitation winding
(4) is one pole at every other magnetic pole of all magnetic poles (3)
It is wound in the same direction of forward winding or reverse winding only on the sex side.
Is the n-phase output winding (6,7) of one phase of the output windings (6,7) to the output winding to the induced voltage distribution is sinusoidal distribution generated (6,7) Variable reluctance type angle detector that is wound. (2) The variable reluctance type angle detector according to (1), wherein the number of poles of the excitation winding (4) is 1/2 of the number of all magnetic poles (3). (3) An n-phase excitation / one-phase output of two or more phases is configured by using the excitation winding (4) for output and the output windings (6, 7) for excitation. Alternatively, the variable reluctance type angle detector of (2).

[0008]

In the variable reluctance type angle detector according to the present invention, the exciting windings are wound at every other magnetic pole pitch for each magnetic pole, and the output windings are wound at every one magnetic pole pitch for each magnetic pole. ing. A rotor having a shape in which the generated induced voltage distribution is distributed winding so as to have a sine wave distribution, and the gap permeance with the stator changes sinusoidally with respect to the angle θ is rotatably provided. Therefore, sin output voltage and cos output voltage are obtained from each output winding according to the rotation of the rotor. Therefore, the harmonic component contained in each output voltage can be reduced. Further, since the winding is wound for each magnetic pole for each magnetic pole, mechanical winding by a winding machine is possible.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A variable reluctance type angle detector of the present invention comprises an excitation winding 4 in a slot 2 of a stator 1.
And the n-phase output windings 6 and 7 are provided rotatably with respect to the stator 1, and the gap permeance with the stator 1 changes sinusoidally with respect to the angle θ. A variable reluctance type angle detector having a rotor 5 having only a magnetic member and no winding, wherein the number of poles of the exciting winding 4 is one of all magnetic poles 3.
Since every other magnetic pole is wound only on the side of the polarity, it is 1/2 of the total number of the magnetic poles 3, and the output windings 6 and 7 for one phase of the n-phase output windings 6 and 7 are provided. The output windings 6 and 7 are wound so that the generated induced voltage distribution has a sinusoidal distribution.

As described above, the number of poles of the excitation winding 4 is equal to that of all the magnetic poles 3.
Only one side of one of the
By winding the number of windings to be half the number of the magnetic poles 3, in other words, by winding the windings on every other magnetic pole, the winding amount is about half and all the magnetic poles are wound. The same effect can be obtained as when the excitation winding is wound.

The stator 1 of the present invention is a hollow ring-shaped magnetic body, and has a plurality of magnetic poles protruding in the central direction,
It is configured to have a slot in which a winding is wound between these magnetic poles.

An excitation winding and an output winding are wound around the magnetic poles of such a stator. The excitation winding is a winding for generating a magnetic field, and the output winding is a winding for extracting an excitation voltage generated by the excitation winding and excited by a magnetic field that changes due to rotational movement of the rotor. In the present invention, the excitation winding is 1
Wind every two magnetic poles. The output winding is distributed winding so that the induced voltage distribution generated is a sinusoidal distribution.
Then, when an exciting voltage is applied to this exciting winding, the winding is wound so that the magnetic pole around which the winding is wound appears, for example, an N pole. When the exciting winding is wound, an S pole appears at the magnetic pole where the exciting winding is not wound. . For this reason, an effect equivalent to that of exciting windings wound around all the magnetic poles can be obtained, and the number of windings can be reduced to almost half, so that manufacturing cost and weight can be significantly reduced. it can.

The rotor 5 is a deformed cylindrical or disk-shaped magnetic body, and the gap between the outer surface of the rotor 5 and each magnetic pole of the stator 1 changes due to the rotating operation. It is formed so as to obtain an output signal according to the rotational displacement amount. This shape may be a disk-shaped or cylindrical rotating body whose center axis is displaced from the center axis of the stator, but as described later, in order to remove harmonic distortion, a protrusion with a predetermined number of poles is used. It is preferable to have a shape having a part.

The material forming the rotor 5 and the stator 1 is not particularly limited as long as it is a magnetic material, and materials used in ordinary resolvers can be used. A silicon steel plate and electromagnetic soft iron are preferable, and a silicon steel plate is particularly preferable.

Next, a more detailed shape of the rotor 5 will be described. For the shape of the rotor 5, a method of determining the shape of the rotor of a normal variable reluctance resolver can be used, but it is preferable to use the patent 2698013.
The method described in No.

The rotor 5 is a magnetic material having N salient poles and has no winding. In this structure, the rotor is driven by the magnetomotive force generated by the exciting winding current and the gap permeance variation due to the salient poles. When 1 / N of the entire circumference is moved, the spatial position of the peak value of the magnetic flux density uses that of 1 / N of the entire circumference.

The induced voltage to the output winding due to the magnetic flux density is 1 / N of the entire circumference of the rotor when the exciting winding has a single phase and the output winding has two or three phases. When a two-phase or three-phase voltage having a sinusoidal waveform with one cycle of movement, the excitation winding has two phases, and the output winding has one phase, when the rotor moves 1 / N of the entire circumference, The sine wave voltage has a phase that changes by 2π. Since the relationship between these voltages and the rotor position is the same as in the case of the resolver or synchro currently used, the output voltage is processed by the R / D conversion means, so that the structure of the resolver or the inexpensive one can be improved. It can be used as a sync.

In this method, it is important to minimize the harmonic component contained in the induced voltage in the output winding, which causes an error. In the present invention, the variation of the gap permeance coefficient due to the N salient poles depending on the rotor position θ is cos.
This can be achieved by forming the salient pole shape so that the value becomes proportional to (Nθ) and the harmonic component corresponding to this becomes extremely small.

The variable reluctance type angle detector of the present invention can be used not only for angle detection but also for angular velocity (rotational velocity) detection and rotation direction detection. It can be used not only for detecting the steering rotation angle of an automobile but also for detecting the rotation angle of various rotating bodies.

[0020]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS <First Embodiment> A preferred embodiment of a variable reluctance type angle detector according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the same or equivalent parts as those of the conventional example are designated by the same reference numerals for description. In FIG. 1, the stator 1 is a ring-shaped magnetic material having twelve slots 2 formed between twelve salient poles 3, and each salient pole 3 is positioned in each slot 2. The one-phase excitation winding 4 is wound. The number of poles of this exciting winding 4 is 1/2 of the number of magnetic poles 3. At the center position of the stator 1, a rotor composed only of an iron core having no winding is rotatably provided. Since the center of the rotor 5 is deviated from the center of the stator 1, The rotor 5 is configured such that the gap permeance between the stator 5 and the salient poles 3 of the stator 1 changes sinusoidally with respect to the angle θ. The rotor 5 has the same function not only in the eccentric configuration, but also in the case where the rotor 5 is concentric and the shape is not circular but is deformed into an uneven shape.

Also, the sin output winding 6 is wound in two slots with electric angles differing from each other by 90 ° and one slot pitch in each slot 2 (a state in which windings are sequentially inserted in each slot without causing slot skipping). Although not shown in FIG. 1, the cos output winding 7 is distributed winding (the number of turns of the winding (quantity ) Is also a sinusoidal distribution)). The number of turns of each of the output windings 6 and 7 is sin θ (cos
The number of turns proportional to θ) and its polarity (normal winding or reverse winding) is induced by the excitation winding 4 so as to match the polarities of the sin output voltage 8 and the cos output voltage 9 at each slot 2 position. It is determined in consideration of the polarity of magnetic flux.

That is, as shown in FIG.
Is the positive polarity (N) and the output windings 6 and 7 are positive winding, the positive phase output, and the exciting winding 4 is the positive polarity (N) and the output windings 6 and 7 are reverse winding, the negative phase output and the excitation magnetic When the winding 4 has a reverse pole (S) and the output windings 6 and 7 are positive windings, a reverse phase output is output. Assuming that the winding structure is a phase output, each of the output windings 6 and 7 should have a sin output voltage 8 and a cos output voltage 9 of sin and cos.
Determine the polarity of (normal winding is reverse winding).

The above-mentioned configuration of FIG. 1 has a 2-phase output of 1
Although the case of X (X is the axis double angle) is shown, it is needless to say that n-phase output and multi-pole output type (2X or more) are also possible, and it is not limited to the case of 12 slots described above.
Any number of slots other than 2 is possible. The configuration of FIG. 1 shows the case of one-phase excitation / n-phase (two-phase) output, but the excitation side and the output side are reversed and n-phase (two-phase) excitation / 1
It is also possible to use phase output.

<Embodiment 2> The output winding of the present invention is preferably distributed winding. A specific configuration example of such distributed winding is shown in Table 1 below. The distributed winding shown in Table 1 is obtained by winding a winding around a stator as shown in FIG. 1, and has 12 magnetic poles in this example.

[0025]

[Table 1]

In Table 1, the exciting coil is wound only on the magnetic pole portion forming the N pole, and is not wound around the magnetic pole forming the S pole. In addition, an exciting voltage corresponding to the number of turns is generated at each output of the output coil, and these are superposed to obtain a sinusoidal output waveform.

Excitation coil (20Ω) of such distributed winding
When 10 kHz and 7 V (rms) were applied to each, a sinusoidal output voltage of 2 V (rms) was obtained from each output coil. The output coils A and B at this time are 4
It was 0Ω, and the obtained output waveform was a sin and cos waveform with little distortion in two cycles.

[0028]

As described above, in the variable reluctance type angle detector of the present invention, since the output winding is provided with a one-slot pitch and the number of turns (quantity) has a sinusoidal distribution, the excitation winding is used. The number of wires (quantity) is half that of conventional products, and it is possible to realize weight reduction and significant cost reduction. In addition, the harmonic component contained in the output voltage (induced voltage) can be reduced. Therefore, the angle detection accuracy can be improved (the error is 1/2 to 1/5) as compared with the conventional configuration.
Further, since this sine wave distribution is formed by distributed winding of one slot pitch, automation using mechanical winding by a winding machine can be achieved.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a variable reluctance type angle detector according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a winding structure of each slot in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a configuration diagram of a conventional angle detector.

4 is an explanatory diagram showing a winding structure of each slot of FIG. 3. FIG.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a conventional winding structure.

6 is a waveform diagram showing the output voltage of FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 stator 2 slots 4 excitation winding 5 rotor 6,7 output winding

Continuation of the front page (56) Reference JP-A-8-178611 (JP, A) JP-A-9-65631 (JP, A) JP-A-63-230063 (JP, A) JP-A-10-239010 (JP , A) (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) G01D 5/00-5/62 G01B ⁷ /00-7/34 G01P 1/00-3/80

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A stator (1) having an excitation winding (4) and an n-phase output winding (6, 7) of two or more phases in a slot (2) of the stator (1). A rotor (5) rotatably provided to the stator (1) and having a shape in which the gap permeance between the stator (1) and the stator (1) changes sinusoidally with respect to the angle θ and having no magnetic wire and no winding. ), The excitation winding (4) has one magnetic pole of all magnetic poles (3).
The same direction of forward or reverse winding only on one polarity side
The output winding (6) is wound in the opposite direction so that the induced voltage distribution generated in the output winding (6, 7) for one phase of the n-phase output winding (6, 7) becomes a sine wave distribution. A variable reluctance type angle detector in which 6, 7) are wound. 2. The variable reluctance type angle detector according to claim 1, wherein the number of poles of the excitation winding (4) is 1/2 of the number of all magnetic poles (3). 3. An n-phase excitation / one-phase output of two or more phases is formed by using the excitation winding (4) for output and the output windings (6, 7) for excitation. 1 or 2 variable reluctance type angle detector.