JP3413672B2 - Digital image / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus and digital image / audio signal recording / reproducing method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a digital image / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus and a digital image / audio signal recording / reproducing method for encoding and recording / reproducing image signals and audio signals.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various apparatuses for encoding and recording image signals and audio signals for recording and reproducing have been implemented. For example, commercial VT
As R, a component type D1, a composite type D3 and the like are commercially available. Also, V for consumer
Various types of image compression type digital VTRs have been researched and developed as TRs.

In these digital VTRs, it is considered that, when the image signal and the audio signal are encoded and recorded and reproduced, various kinds of data accompanying these signals are simultaneously recorded and reproduced. Examples of such accompanying data are data relating to recording date and time, data relating to recording time, character information indicating the title of recorded contents, chapters, etc., or a teletext signal inserted in the vertical blanking period, etc. However, in the above-mentioned digital VTR, since the video signal is usually recorded only in the effective image area, the above-mentioned various incidental data are recorded. In order to be able to record the data, some complementary recording method must be adopted.

[0004]

When various kinds of incidental data are recorded as described above, the processing required therefor may be complicated. In addition, in order to record such various kinds of incidental data, a large amount of recording area is required, but there is also a strong demand for downsizing of the digital VTR itself, and both needs must be satisfied at the same time. There were also technical difficulties.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and makes it possible to efficiently record and reproduce various types of accompanying data, and also to efficiently use the data recording area. is there.

[0006]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, a recording format including an image signal recording area, an audio signal recording area, and an accompanying information recording area is provided, and the accompanying information recording area is a header pack. In a digital video / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus having a structure consisting of the header pack and a pack subsequent to the header pack, line designating data for designating an arbitrary line in an image signal and parameters relating to signal coding are recorded in the header pack. Means for recording the output obtained by encoding the signal of the line of the image signal designated by the line designation data based on the parameter in a pack subsequent to the header pack.

It is more preferable that the header pack also records information indicating whether or not the data content of the line designated by the line designation data is the same in the first field and the second field. is there. An apparatus for extracting the line designation data and the parameter relating to the coding of the signal from the reproduced header pack as a means for restoring the recorded designated line signal, and the coding of the extracted line designation data and the signal And a decoding device for decoding the original signal from the data recorded in the pack subsequent to the header pack, based on

Further, a device for identifying the content of information indicating whether the data content of the line designated by the line designation data is the same in the first field and the second field, and the discriminating device Data content is first
When the field and the second field are identified as being the same, the signal of the designated line of the first field obtained from the decoding device is reused in the designated line of the second field. Efficient recording / reproducing of the line signal is realized.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a digital image / audio signal recording / reproducing method, wherein an image signal and an audio signal are encoded and recorded and reproduced in an image signal recording area and an audio signal recording area, respectively. A signal of an arbitrary line within the ranking period is recorded and reproduced in a side information recording area as side information, and the side information is composed of a header pack and a pack subsequent to the header pack, and further, A line designation data designating an arbitrary line in the vertical blanking period of the image signal and a parameter relating to signal coding are recorded in the header pack, and the line designated by the line designation data based on the parameter is recorded. The encoded output of the signal is recorded in the pack following the header pack. It is characterized in that.

[0010]

The signal of an arbitrary line of the image signal is extracted, encoded and recorded under an arbitrary encoding condition (parameter), and in the reproducing system, based on the line number and the encoding parameter. The original signal is restored. When information indicating that the data content of the line designated by the line designation data is the same in the first field and the second field is stored and recorded in the header pack, in the playback system, in the first field, The restored signal of the designated line is repeatedly used in the line of the second field.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Embodiments applied to (hereinafter referred to as digital VTR) will be sequentially described according to the following items. 1. Digital VTR recording format (1) ITI area (2) AUDIO area (3) VIDEO area (4) SUBCODE area (5) ID structure (6) MIC (7) Pack structure and type (8) Accompanying information recording Area structure (9) Application ID

2. Digital VTR recording circuit 3. Line pack record 4. Digital VTR playback circuit 5. Line pack reproduction circuit 6. Error countermeasures for digital dubbing

1. Recording Format of Digital VTR First, the format of a signal recorded in the digital VTR of this embodiment will be described. The recording format of one track of such a digital VTR is shown in FIG. In this figure, margins are provided at both ends of the track. Inside the recording start side, an ITI area for surely performing post-recording, an AUDIO area for recording audio signals, and a VIDEO for recording image signals
Area, SUBCODE for recording secondary data
Area is provided. An inter block gap (IBG) is provided between the areas to secure the areas.

Next, the details of the signals recorded in the above areas will be described. (1) ITI area As shown in the enlarged portion of FIG. 29, the ITI area has a 1400-bit preamble and an 1830-bit SSA (Start-Sync Block Ar).
ea), 90-bit TIA (Track Info)
(MationArea) and 280-bit postamble. Here, the preamble has a function such as a run-in of the PLL at the time of reproduction, and the postamble has a role of earning a margin.

Both the SSA and the TIA are constructed by using a SYNC block having a data length of 30 bits as a unit, and in each SYNC block, a 20-bit portion following the leading 10-bit SYNC signal (ITI-SYNC). The data is recorded in. As the contents of this data, the sync block number (0 to 60) is recorded in the SSA, the 3-bit APT information, the 1-bit recording mode (SP / LP) information, and the reference frame of the servo system in the TIA. 1-bit pilot frame information indicating is recorded. The APT is ID data that defines the data structure on the track.

Since each sync block in the ITI area is recorded at a fixed position on the magnetic tape, for example, the 61st SY of SSA from the reproduced data.
By using the position where the NC signal pattern is detected as a reference for defining the post-recording position on the track, the position to be rewritten during post-recording can be defined with high accuracy, and good post-recording can be performed.

(2) AUDIO area The audio area has a preamble and a postamble before and after the audio area, as shown in an enlarged portion of FIG. 28. Here, the preamble is a run-up for pulling in the PLL and an audio. The preamble is for pre-detection of the SYNC block, and the postamble is for the post-SYNC for confirming the end of the audio area and the guard area for protecting the audio area at the time of dubbing the video data. ing.

Note that the pre-SYNC and post-SYNC SYNC blocks are configured as shown in (1) and (2) of FIG. 29, and the pre-SYNC is the SYNC block 2
From the individual, the post SYNC is composed of one SYNC block. Then, the SP / LP identification byte is recorded at the 6th byte of the pre-SYNC. This is FF
When h represents SP and OOh represents LP, and when the SP / LP flag recorded in the above-mentioned ITI area is unreadable, the value of the SP / LP identification byte of this pre-SYNC is adopted. Also, FFh is recorded as dummy data in the 6th byte of post SYNC.

The audio data recorded between the front and rear amble areas as described above is generated as follows. First, the audio signal for one track to be recorded is
After AD conversion and shuffling, framing is performed and parity is added. A format in which parity is added by performing this framing is shown in (1) of FIG. In this figure, 72 bytes of audio data are preceded by 5 bytes of audio accompanying data (this is A
AUX data) is added to form one block of 77 bytes of data, which is vertically stacked for 9 blocks for framing, and 8 bytes of horizontal parity C
1 and vertical parity C2 corresponding to 5 blocks are added.

The data to which these parities are added is read out in units of blocks, and 3 bytes are added to the head side of each block.
A byte ID is added, and a 2-byte SYNC signal is further inserted in the recording modulation circuit, as shown in (2) of FIG.
Is shaped into a signal of 1 SYNC block having a data length of 90 bytes as shown in FIG. Then, this signal is recorded on the tape.

(3) VIDEO area The video area has the same preamble and postamble as the audio area as shown in the enlarged portion of FIG. However, it is different from the audio area in that the guard area is formed longer. The video data sandwiched between these amble areas is generated as follows. First, the video signal to be recorded is Y,
After separating into RY and BY component signals, A
D conversion is performed, and data of the effective scanning area for one frame is extracted from this AD conversion output. This extracted data for one frame is composed of 720 samples in the horizontal direction and 480 lines in the vertical direction for the AD conversion output (denoted as DY) of the Y signal when the video signal is the NTSC system. The AD conversion output of the RY signal (denoted as DR) and the AD conversion output of the BY signal (denoted as DB) are composed of 180 samples in the horizontal direction and 480 lines in the vertical direction, respectively.

Then, these extracted data are divided into blocks of 8 samples in the horizontal direction and 8 lines in the vertical direction as shown in (1) and (2) of FIG. However, in the case of the color difference signal, the block at the right end portion of (2) in FIG. 31 has only 4 samples in the horizontal direction, and therefore, two blocks vertically adjacent to each other are combined into one block. By the above blocking processing, a total of 8100 blocks are formed for DY, DR, and DB per frame. A block composed of 8 samples in the horizontal direction and 8 lines in the vertical direction is called a DCT block.

Next, these blocked data are shuffled in accordance with a predetermined shuffling pattern, then DCT-converted in DCT block units, and subsequently quantized and variable-length coded. Here, the quantization step is set for every 30 DCT blocks, and the value of this quantization step is set so that the total amount of output data obtained by quantizing and variable-length-coding 30 DCT blocks is equal to or less than a predetermined value. It That is, the video data is transferred to the DCT block 30.
Fixed length for each piece. The data for 30 DCT blocks is called a buffering unit. The fixed length data is subjected to framing together with video accompanying data (this is referred to as VAUX data) for each data of one track, and then an error correction code is added.

FIG. 32 shows a format in a state in which this framing is applied and an error correction code is added. In this figure, each of BUF0 to BUF26 represents one buffering unit. Then, one buffering unit has a structure in which it is vertically divided into five blocks as shown in (1) of FIG. 33, and each block has a data amount of 77 bytes.

An area Q for storing quantized data is provided in the first byte of each block. Specifically, the quantization table No. is assigned to the lower 4 bits of this area Q. QNo0 to QNo3 indicating the quantization table No. Data SWP0 to SWP3 indicating the switching points (switching points) are stored (see (2) in FIG. 33). Quantization table No. Takes one value for each buffering unit, but since it is important data, it is recorded five times in five blocks in total, and is reinforced against errors. Further, the switching point data has a unique value for each block. Among the 16 codes of 4 bits, "1111" is an error code and "1110".
Is the overflow code.

Video data is stored in a 76-byte area following the quantized data. Then, as shown in FIG. 32, VAUX data α and β corresponding to two blocks in the above-mentioned buffering unit are arranged above the buffering units arranged in the vertical direction of 27 pieces. At the same time, VAUX data γ corresponding to one block is arranged in the lower part, and an 8-byte horizontal parity C1 and a vertical parity C2 corresponding to 11 blocks are added to the framed data. To be done.

The signal to which the parity is added in this way is read in units of blocks, a 3-byte ID signal is added to the head side of each block, and a 2-byte SYNC signal is further inserted in the recording modulation circuit. It This allows
For a block of video data, a signal of 1SYNC block having a data amount of 90 bytes as shown in (3) of FIG. 33 is formed, and for a block of VAUX data, 1SYNC as shown in (4) of FIG. The signal of the block is formed. The signal for each 1SYNC block is sequentially recorded on the tape.

In the framing format described above, 27 buffering units representing one track of video data have 810 DCT blocks of data, so one frame of data (8100 DCT blocks) is stored. The recording will be divided into 10 tracks.

(4) SUBCODE area The SUBCODE area is an area provided mainly for recording information for high speed search, and its enlarged view is shown in FIG.
4 shows. As shown in this figure, the SUBCODE area includes 12 SYNC blocks having a data length of 12 bytes, and a preamble and a postamble are provided before and after the SYNC block. However, unlike the audio area and the video area, pre-SYNC and post-SYNC are not provided.

Each of the 12 SYNC blocks is provided with a data section for recording 5 bytes of AUX data. Further, as the parity for protecting the 5-byte AUX data, the 2-byte horizontal parity C1 is used, and the vertical parity is not used. Note that the AUDIO area, VIDEO area, and SUBCO described above
Each SYNC block forming the DE area is converted into 24/25 in recording modulation (converting data of every 24 bits of a recording signal into 25 bits so that a tracking control pilot frequency component is added to the recording code). The recording data amount of each area has the number of bits as shown in FIG. 28.

(5) Structure of ID part As is clear from the structure of each SYNC block shown in FIG. 29, FIG. 30, FIG. 33, and FIG.
UDIO area, VIDEO area, and SUBOCO
The SYNC block recorded in the DE area has ID0, ID1 and IDP (ID
3-byte I consisting of 0, parity that protects ID1)
The structure is common in that the D section is provided.

Next, the structure of the ID section will be described. First, in the audio area and the video area, the data structure is determined for ID0 and ID1 in the ID section as shown in FIG. That is, the ID1 stores the in-track SYNC number from the audio area pre-SYNC to the video area post-SYNC in binary. The track number within one frame is stored in the lower 4 bits of ID0.

The upper 4 bits of ID0 are AAU.
SYNC of X + audio data and video data
In the block, 4 as shown in (1) of this figure
The bit sequence number is stored. On the other hand, in the pre-SYNC block, the post-SYNC block and the SYNC block of the parity C2 in the audio area, a 3-bit ID that defines the data structure of the audio area.
The data AP1 is stored, and the pre-S of the video area is stored.
3-bit ID data AP2 defining the data structure of the video area is stored in the YNC block, the post SYNC block, and the SYNC block of the parity C2 (see (2) in this figure).

The above sequence number is "000.
Twelve numbers from "0" to "1011" are recorded for each frame. By looking at this sequence number, it is possible to judge whether the data obtained during variable speed reproduction are within the same frame. On the other hand, SUBCOD
The structure of the ID part of the SYNC block in the E area is defined as shown in FIG.

This figure shows the structure of each ID part of SYNC block numbers 0 to 11 for one track in the SUBCODE area, and the FR flag is provided in the most significant bit of ID0. This flag indicates whether or not it is the first 5 tracks of the frame, and takes a value of "0" in the first 5 tracks and "1" in the latter 5 tracks. The next 3 bits have S in the SYNC block whose SYNC block numbers are "0" and "6".
The ID data AP3 defining the data structure of the UBCODE area is recorded, and the SYNC block number “1” is recorded.
The ID data APT defining the data structure on the track is recorded in the SYNC block of "1", and the TAG code is recorded in the other SYNC block.

The TAG code has three types of ID signals for search, that is, IN, as shown in the enlarged view of this figure.
DEX ID, SKIP ID, and PP ID (Ph
OTOX / Picture ID), where INDEX ID is for conventional index search, SKIP ID is for cutting unnecessary scenes such as commercial cuts, and PP ID is for still image search. It is for.

The absolute number of the track (the continuous track number from the beginning of the tape) is recorded using the lower 4 bits of ID0 and the upper 4 bits of ID1. However,
As shown in this figure, one absolute track number is recorded by using a total of 24 bits for three SYNC blocks. The SYNC block number of the SUBCODE area is recorded in the lower 4 bits of ID1.

(6) MIC In the digital VTR of this embodiment, incidental information is recorded in each area defined on the tape as described above, but the tape is stored outside this area. The circuit board with the memory IC is mounted on the cassette
Additional information is also recorded in this memory IC. When this cassette is attached to the digital VTR, the auxiliary information written in the memory IC is read out to assist the driving and operation of the digital VTR (Japanese Patent Application No. 4-165444). And Japanese Patent Application No. 4-287875). In this application, this memory IC is referred to as MIC (Memory In Cassette).
Call. The data structure will be described in detail later.

(7) Structure and type of pack As described above, in the digital VTR of this embodiment, as an area for recording incidental information, an AAUX area of an audio area on a tape, a VAUX area of a video area, And AUX in SUBCODE area
The data recording area is used, and in addition to this, the recording area of the MIC mounted on the tape cassette is used.
Each of these areas is configured in units of packs having a fixed length of 5 bytes.

Next, the structures and types of these packs will be described in detail. The pack has a basic structure of 5 bytes shown in FIG. Of these 5 bytes, the first byte (PC0) is the item data (IT
EM). Then, the format of the following 4 bytes (PC1 to 4) is determined corresponding to this item data,
Arbitrary data is provided according to this format.

This item data is divided into upper and lower 4 bits, and the upper 4 bits are called large items and the lower 4 bits are called small items. Then, the large item of the upper 4 bits is, for example, data indicating the purpose of the subsequent data. On the other hand, the lower 4 bits are, for example, data indicating the specific content of the subsequent data. The maximum item here is maximum 1
Six types can be provided. A maximum of 16 small items can be provided for each large item.

In the digital VTR of this embodiment, the pack is controlled by a large item as shown in FIG. 38, "0000", title "0001", chapter "0010", part "0011", program "0".
100 ", voice auxiliary data (AAUX)" 0101 ",
Image auxiliary data (VAUX) "0110", camera "0"
111 ", line" 1000 ", soft mode" 111 "
It has been developed into 10 groups of 1 ". In this way, each group of packs expanded by a large item is further expanded by a small item.

In this figure, the large item "10"
The part of "01" to "1110" represents the undefined item area left for addition, and by defining the new item data (header) using the undefined item code in this area. , It is possible to record new data arbitrarily in the future. In recording AUX data using such a pack structure, the contents of the data stored in the pack can be grasped by reading the header, so that the position on the tape for recording the pack can be set arbitrarily. There are advantages ,. In addition, since the presence or absence of error data can be expressed in pack units as described later, it is possible to favorably prevent malfunction.

Next, details of various packs defined by small items in each group of large items shown in FIG. 38 will be sequentially described with reference to FIGS. 39 to 48, FIG. 1 and FIG. . Control "0000" Large Item This large item includes cassette ID "0000", tape length "0001", and timer recording specified date "001".
0 ", start and end time of timer recording" 0011 ",
Recording start position “0101”, topic / page header “0111”, control text header “100
Small items such as "0" and control text "1001" are provided.

Here, in the pack having the small item with the cassette ID "0000", as shown in (1) of FIG. 39, the data recorded in the MIC and the data recorded on the tape of the cassette are recorded. A flag ME indicating whether or not it is compatible, a type of memory (MIC), information about a size of the memory, and information about a tape thickness (PC4) are recorded. Further, in the pack having the small item of the tape length "0001", the total length of the tape is recorded as a track number conversion value (binary number) as shown in (2) of the figure.

Further, the designated date of timer recording "0010"
In the pack having the small item, the data of the designated day of the timer recording is recorded as shown in (3) of FIG. The SL flag in this pack is a flag indicating the SP mode or the LP mode, the RP flag is a flag regarding whether or not the recorded contents can be erased, and the TEXT flag is regarding whether or not there is a text pack following this pack. It is a flag. Note that some other pack structures described below have an SL flag, an RP flag, a code having the same name, or the like, but these flags or codes have the same meaning.

Further, as shown in (4) of the same figure, the data of the start and end times of the timer recording is recorded in the pack having the small items of the start and end times of the timer recording "0011". In the pack having the small item at the recording start position "0101", the track number at the start position is recorded in binary as shown in (5) of the figure. By using this pack, for example, timer reservation can be performed. In the case of recording, it is possible to automatically start recording from a designated position on the tape. The DF in this pack
The flag is a flag indicating the presence / absence of a drop frame.

Also, the topic / page header "011
For a pack having a small item of "1", (1) of FIG.
As shown in, various designation information and control information regarding the text data recorded following this header, that is, the type of language expressing the text information (language tag),
Type of text information (topic tag), unit number of last page (LPU), number of display characters per page (DM), presence / absence of scroll display (SCRL), scroll direction (H /
V), raster color designation, page unit number, etc. are recorded.

Control text header "100
As shown in (2) of the same figure, in a pack having a small item of "0", the total number of text data (TDP) recorded after this header, the text type (the attribute of the text data, that is, the program, Name, broadcasting station name, dot pattern data, or code for identifying other things), text data text code (JI
S, shift JIS, etc.), OPN which is an optional code relating to a text code, a topic tag, etc. are recorded.

Since the text header recorded after this text header is specifically stored and recorded in the text pack described below, the above TD
As the value of P, the number of this text pack is stored.
However, when the text data is stored in the above-mentioned MIC, the text code is stored in the P of the text header pack without using the above-mentioned text pack in order to save the use area of the storage area of the MIC having a small storage capacity.
Data is continuously stored and recorded from the position of the byte next to C4, and one pack is constructed from the position of PC0 of this text header pack to the byte position where the last text data is recorded.

That is, in this case, the structure of a variable-length pack in which all the text data to be recorded is stored in one pack allows the text pack to be compared with the case where the text pack is used. The storage area of the MIC can be saved by the number of bytes of the item code. In this case, the number of text codes (that is, the number of bytes) is stored as the value of TDP. by this,
The position of the item code of the pack following the text data of the variable length pack can be easily identified.

Next, the above OPN will be supplementarily described. Looking at the text codes used in each country, there are some differences depending on the country where the same text code (for example, ASCII code) is actually used. This OPN code is provided in order to be able to discriminate.
Further, in the pack having the small item of the control text "1001", the text data is recorded every 4 bytes as shown in (3) of FIG.

For reference, an example in which text data is recorded using a normal fixed length pack of 5 bytes and an example in which text data is recorded using a variable length pack structure are shown in FIG. ] And [2]. In this figure, [1] represents the former example, and [2] represents the latter example.

Large item with title “0001” This large item includes total time “0000”, remaining time “0001”, time code “0011”, binary group “0100”, title text header “1000”, Title text "100
1 ”, title start“ 1010 ”and“ 101
Small items such as "1", title end "1110", and "1111" are provided.

Here, as shown in (4) of FIG. 40, the total reproduction time of the recording is recorded in the small item pack having the total time "0000". Remaining time "000
In the same way, the remaining time is recorded in the small item pack “1”. As shown in (1) of FIG. 42, the small item pack with the time code “0011” includes ** hour ** minute *.
Time code data of * seconds ** frame is recorded (in this example, a standard SMPTE / EBU time code for business is adopted). In addition, the binary group "01
In the small item pack "00", as shown in (2) of the same figure, the first to eighth binary groups of the SMPTE time code are recorded.

A small item pack of the title text header "1000" is a PC as shown in (3) of FIG.
It has the same data structure as the control text header except that 4 is all "1". When the text data is recorded in the MIC with the variable length pack structure using this title text header, the text data is continuously recorded from the position of PC4 of this header. Further, in the pack of the small item of the title text "1001", the text data is recorded in PC1 to PC4 with the same data structure as the control text pack described above.

In the small item pack of title start "1010", the time code of the recording start position on the tape is recorded as shown in (4) of the same figure, and in the small item pack of title start "1011". The track number of the recording start position on the tape is recorded as shown in (5) of FIG. The latter TT flag stored in the title start pack is a flag indicating whether the tape recording start position data recorded on the MIC corresponds to the tape recording start position data recorded on the tape. is there.

As shown in (1) of FIG. 43, the time code of the recording end position on the tape is recorded in the small item pack of title end "1110", and the small item pack of title end "1111" is recorded. The absolute track number at the recording end position on the tape is recorded as shown in (2) of FIG. The latter flag BF in the pack is a flag indicating whether or not the absolute track number recorded on the tape has a discontinuous portion.

Large items “0010” to “0100” Large items in the chapter “0010” include a total time “0000” and a remaining time “000” regarding the chapter, similar to the large item in the title “0001”.
1 ", time code" 0011 ", binary group" 0100 "small item pack is provided, chapter text header" 1000 ", chapter text" 1001 "small item pack is provided, and further chapter recording A small item pack of chapter start “1010” and chapter start “1011” in which the start position is recorded, and a small item pack of chapter end “1110” and chapter end “1111” in which the chapter recording end position is recorded are provided. Has been.

Also, for the large item of the part "0011", the total time "0000" about the part, the remaining time "0001", the time code "0011", the binary group "0100", the part text header "1000", the part text. Small items “1001”, part start “1010” and part start “1011” for the part recording start position, and part end “1110” and part end “1111” for the part recording end position are provided. Furthermore, for the large items of the program "0100", the total time "0000" and the remaining time "00" related to the program
01 ”, time code“ 0011 ”, binary group“ 0100 ”, program text header“ 100 ”
0 ", program text" 1001 ", program start" 101 "for the program recording start position
0 ”, program start“ 1011 ”, and program end“ 111 ”for the program recording end position.
Small items of "0" and program end "1111" are provided.

Then, the PC1 of each pack developed in the group of these chapters, parts and programs
~ The data structure of PC4 is configured in the same manner as the data structure of the pack of the same small item in the group of titles (except, for the pack of "1111" small items, chapter end and part end only. In the pack, the value of PC4 is FFh,
Further, in the program end pack, the PC 4 has the SL flag, the RP flag, the PD as shown in (3) of FIG.
Title end in that it has a flag (this is a flag indicating whether or not it has been played even once after timer recording, etc.), and a TNT code (this is a code indicating the number of text events for this program) It is different from the pack). By standardizing the pack structure as described above, it is possible to save the pack processing program and speed up the pack processing. (For the pack of small items with the text header "1000" and the text "1001", the large items "0101" to "10"
It is also provided in each group of "00", and these have the same data structure as the title text header and the title text. )

The title "000 described above is used.
1 ”, Chapter“ 0010 ”, Part“ 0011 ”,
Of the large items of the program "0100", the title "0001" is common to so-called soft tapes and tapes recorded by individuals, chapters "0010" and part "0011" are dedicated to soft tapes, and the program "0100" is Dedicated to personally recorded tape.

Further, the part number No. recorded in the SUBCODE area described later. As shown in (4) of FIG. 43, the chapter number (CHNO) and the part number (PNO) are recorded in the small item pack “0010”. Large item of audio auxiliary data (AAUX) "0101" Large items of audio auxiliary data "0101" include recording signal source "0000", recording signal source control "0001", recording date "0010", recording time "001", respectively.
1 ”, binary group“ 0100 ”, AAUX C
Small items such as LOSED CAPTION “0101”, text header “1000”, and text “1001” are provided.

Here, in the small item pack of the recording signal source "0000", as shown in (1) of FIG. 44, a flag (LF) indicating whether or not the audio sample frequency is locked with the video signal. Number of audio samples per frame (AF SIZE), number of audio channels (CH), stereo of each audio channel
Information on modes such as monaural (PA and AUDIO MO
DE), information on television system (50/60 and STYPE), presence / absence of emphasis (EF), time constant of emphasis (TC), sampling frequency (SMP),
Quantization information (QU) is recorded.

In the pack of the small item of the recording signal source control "0001", as shown in (2) of the figure, SCMS data (the upper bit indicates whether or not there is a copyright, and the lower bit indicates whether it is the original tape or not). , Copy source data (representing whether or not it is an analog signal source, etc.), copy generation data, cipher (encryption) type data (C
P), cipher data (CI), a flag (RECST) indicating whether or not a recording start frame, a flag (REC END) indicating whether or not a recording end frame, recording mode data such as original recording / after-recording / insert recording ( REC MODE), a flag indicating direction (DRF),
Playback speed data and genre categories of recorded contents are recorded.

As shown in (3) of the figure, the small item pack of the recording date “0010” has a flag “DS” indicating whether it is summer time and a flag “TM” indicating whether there is a time difference of 30 minutes. , Data indicating the time difference "TIME ZON
E ”and the data of day, day of the week, month and year are recorded. As shown in (4) of the figure, the data of the recording time of ** hour ** minute ** second seconds ** frame is recorded in the SMPTE time code display in the pack of the small item of the recording time "0011". . As shown in (4) of the figure, SMP is included in the small item pack of the binary group “0100”.
The TE time code binary group data is recorded.

AAUX CLOSED CAPTION
As shown in (1) of FIG. 45, the pack of the small item “0101” includes EDS (Extended Data Ser) relating to the languages and types of the main voice and the second voice.
data) is stored. The contents of these data are as follows. MAIN and 2ND AUDIO LANGUAGE: 000 = Unknown 001 = English 010 = Spanish 011 = French 100 = German 101 = Italian 110 = Others 0 = others 011 = OuSmOu 000Uk 000 = 000 = Unknown 0001 = Others 010 = Others 010 = Others 010 = Sequence 010 = Others 010 = Sequence 010 = Sequence 010 = Sequence 010 = Sequence 010 = Sequence 010 = Sequence 010 = Sequence 010 = Sequence 010 = Other Stereo 101 = Data Service 110 = Others 111 = None 2ND AUDIO TYPE: 000 = Unknown 001 = Mono 010 = Descriptive Video Ser
vice 011 = Non-program Audio 100 = Special Effects 101 = Data Service 110 = Others 111 = None

Here, CLOS is set in the AAUX main area.
When the ED CAPTION pack is recorded, the types of the main voice and the second voice follow the information in the pack. Also, in the AAUX main area, CLOSED CA
If the PION pack is not recorded and the information-less pack (for details of this pack is described in “6. Countermeasures against errors in digital dubbing”) is recorded instead, the main audio and the second audio are recorded. The types are AUDIOMO in the AAUX SOURCE pack
Follow DE information.

Image auxiliary data (VAUX) “011
Large item of “0” This large item includes a recording signal source “0000”, a recording signal source control “0001”, a recording date “0010”, a recording time “0011”, like the large item of the voice auxiliary data “0111”. A pack with small items such as the binary group "0100" is included.

Here, in the small item pack of the recording signal source "0000", as shown in (2) of FIG. 45, the channel number of the recording signal source and whether or not the recording signal is a monochrome signal are shown. A flag (B / W), a code (CLF) indicating a color frame of a recording signal, a flag (EN) indicating whether the CLF is valid, a recording signal source such as a camera / line / cable / tuner / soft tape A code indicating which one (SOURCE CODE), data on the television signal system (50/60, and S)
TYPE), UV broadcast / satellite broadcast identification data (TUNERCATEGORY) is recorded.

As shown in (3) of the same figure, the pack of small items of the recording signal source control "0001" has the same SCMS data and copy source data as those of the recording signal source control pack of the large item of audio auxiliary data. , Copy generation data, cipher (encryption) type data (CP), cipher data (CI), a flag (REC ST) indicating whether or not a recording start frame, original recording / after-recording / insert recording, and video data Recording mode data (REC MODE) indicating whether or not it is recorded is recorded, and further,
Data related to aspect ratio (BCSYS and DIS
P), a flag (FF) regarding whether only the signal of one of the first field and the second field is repeatedly output twice, and whether the signal of the field 1 is output during the period of the field 1 No. 2 signal output (FS), whether the frame image data is different from the previous frame image data (FC), interlace flag (IL), recorded image Is a still image, a flag (ST), a flag (SC) indicating whether the recorded image is recorded in the still camera mode, and a genre of the recorded content.

The recording date "0010" and the recording time "0"
011 ”and each of the packs having the small items of the binary group“ 0100 ”have audio auxiliary data“ 010 ”as shown in (4), (5) of FIG.
The recording date, recording time, and each pack of the small items of the binary group have the same data structure as the large item of "1", and each data is recorded.

In a small item pack of closed caption "0101", closed caption information transmitted during a vertical blanking period of a television signal is recorded as shown in (2) of FIG. Although not shown in the figure, the small item pack of "0111" has a total of 32 bits of teletext signal data recorded in the PC1 to PC4 similarly to the text pack of the small item "1001".

Large Camera Items This large item includes consumer camera 1 “0000”, consumer camera 2 “0001”, lens “0011”, gain “0100”, pedestal “0101”, gamma “0”.
110 ", detail" 0111 ", shutter" 10 "
Small items such as “10”, knee “1011”, flare “1100”, and shading “1101” are provided.

Then, as shown in (3) of FIG. 46, in the pack of small items of the consumer camera 1 "0000", data such as aperture position, AGC, white balance, focus position, etc. are recorded. Data such as panning and focal length is recorded in the small item pack of the camera 2 “0001” as shown in (4) of the same figure. Also, in the small item pack of the lens "0011", (5) in the same figure is included.
As shown in FIG. 3, data of each position of focus, diaphragm, and zoom, extender, diaphragm control, etc. are recorded.

As shown in (1) of FIG. 47, the data of each gain, the data of the ND filter and the data of the CC filter are recorded in the pack of the small item of the gain "0100". Furthermore, pedestal "0101", gamma "01"
10 ", detail" 0111 ", shutter" 101 "
0 ", Knee" 1011 ", Flare" 1100 ", Shading" 1101 "
As shown in (2) to (5) of the figure and (1) to (4) of FIG. 48, pedestal data, gamma data, detail data, shutter speed data,
Knee data, flare data, and shading data are recorded.

Large item for line “0101” This large item includes line header “0000”, Y
(Brightness) "0001", RY "0010", BY
"0011", R "0101", G "0110", B
Small items such as "0111" are provided. The major item of this line "0101" is provided mainly for the purpose of sampling and recording the data of an arbitrary line within the vertical blanking period in the television signal, but in addition to this, effective scanning is performed. It is also possible to sample and record data of any line within the period, and further to sample and record data of any image signal other than the television signal. Then, the pack of the line header stores various conditions for recording the data of the desired line, and also "0001"
Coded line data is stored in each of the packs of small items of "0111" (these packs are called line data packs).

First, a pack having a small item of the line header "0000" will be described. In this pack, a code LINES (binary number) indicating the number of the horizontal period sampled as shown in (1) of FIG. , A code fr indicating a sampling frequency, a code QU indicating a quantization bit number, an optional code B / W indicating whether or not a recording signal is a monochrome signal, a code CLF indicating a color frame, and a color frame code CLF are effective. Flag EN indicating whether it is invalid or invalid, a flag CM indicating whether the line data stored in the line data pack is common to the first field line and the second field line, and a line header The total number of line data samples recorded subsequent to TDS (2
The decimal number) is stored.

Here, any one line in one frame can be designated by the code LINES. Also, fr is 13.5 MHz when "0", 27.0 MHz when "1", 6.75 MHz when "2",
When it is “3”, 1.35 MHz, when it is “4”, 74.25 MHz.
In the case of MHz and "5", it means 37.125 MHz. Furthermore, when this is "6", it is 4: 1: 1.
It shows that the sampling frequency in the format is 13.5 MHz for the Y signal and 13.5 / 4 MHz for the RY signal and the BY signal.

QU is 2 bits when this is "0",
When it is "1", it represents 4 bits, and when it is "2", it represents 8 bits. B / W is normally "0" and becomes "1" when the recording signal is a monochrome signal. CLF is N
In the case of TSC, only one bit of this code is used, and whether it is "0" or "1" indicates two color frames. In the case of PAL, all 2 bits are used and four color frames are designated by four codes "00" to "11". EN enables CLF only when this is "1".

Next, the meaning of the CM flag will be described. In the case of a television signal, the same line of the first field and the second field (for example, the line 10 of the first field and the line 10 of the second field. The line number in this case is a number only within the field. Incidentally, the line 10 of the second field is the line 273 in the serial number.), Which may be composed of exactly the same signal. When a signal of such a line is recorded by a line pack, it is necessary to specify the respective lines of the first field and the second field to create a line pack sequence and record the same, so that the same data is duplicated. Since the data is recorded, the utilization efficiency of the recording area is extremely poor.

Therefore, in such a case, the value of the CM flag is set to "1" and only the signal of the desired line in the first field is recorded by the line pack. And C
The M flag being “1” means that the signal of the line of the first field designated by the code LINES in this header is also present in the same line of the second field. On the reproducing side, when it is identified that the CM flag in the line header is "1", the signal of the designated line of the first field restored from this line pack sequence is regarded as the signal of the same line of the second field. Try to reuse. As a result, only by recording the data of the line of the first field, substantially the same effect as recording the data of the line of both the first field and the second field can be obtained.
The consumption of the recording area can be halved.

B / W, EN and CLF are for business use and are not used in the case of soft tape. In this case, these 4 bits are 1111. After the pack of the small items of the line header “0000” described above, Y “0” shown in (2) to (3) of FIG. 1 is displayed.
001 ", RY" 0010 ", BY" 0011 ",
Packs of small items of R "0101", G "0110", and B "0111" are provided, and the Y signal and R- are respectively provided.
Sampling coded data of Y signal, BY signal, R signal, G signal, and B signal is recorded by 4 bytes each. Examples of signals recorded by such a line data pack include the following.

A) Information within vertical blanking period defined by television signal Among such information, what is transmitted from the broadcasting station is a character multiplex broadcasting signal, VITS signal, VIR signal, etc. Signals of Japanese Broadcasting Stations, CLOSE for Audience
There is D CAPTION information, a VPT signal for automatic recording reservation in the VTR, or a PDC signal. In particular, the image compression type digital VTR of this embodiment is basically constructed so as to record only the video signal in the effective scanning period and not the signal in the vertical blanking period, so that this is for commercial use. When used as a VTR, the information sent from the broadcasting station within the vertical blanking period is also recorded by some method and the original television signal is completely restored at the time of reproduction. Must be,
The use of a line pack is suitable as a method for achieving this.

When recording a VITS signal, a VIR signal, or the like, instead of recording these signals every frame, the signals are recorded only once in the first frame and repeated during reproduction. If it is used and inserted into each frame of the reproduced video signal, the amount of consumption of the accompanying information recording area of the tape can be reduced. In addition to the various information described above, special information recorded in the vertical blanking period for only the VTR tape includes a dubbing prevention signal, a soft tape identification code (VBID),
Video Interval T used for business
There is an image code (VITC), various control information and parameter information recorded in the medical VTR, and the like.

B) Information within the vertical blanking of the image compression digital VTR and within the scanning period defined by the television signal The period of the television signal not recorded by the image compression digital VTR of this embodiment is The vertical blanking period shown does not match the vertical blanking period defined by the television signal. For example, in the case of the NTSC system, the former vertical blanking period is as shown in FIG. Is wider than the latter vertical blanking period. Therefore, when the image compression digital VTR is used for business purposes, not only the information in the vertical blanking period described above is recorded and restored, but also lines 22H, 263H, And the video signal present at 525H must also be recorded and restored, for which a line pack can be used.

C) Video signal within scanning period of television signal Video signal of an arbitrary line within scanning period is sampled and recorded, and at the time of reproduction, the recording signal by this line pack is stored in a memory to It is possible to use a special effect or the like, which is combined with the video signal of (1) in any form and displayed on the screen. When recording as described in a) to c) above, as a general rule, the line Y pack of (2) in FIG. 1 may be used for recording the monochrome image signal, but as a commercial digital VTR. When used, a line RY pack and a line BY pack are also used in addition to the line Y pack in order to restore a complete original signal in the reproducing system even if the recording target is a monochrome image signal. To do so.

D) Information other than television signals: A line pack for recording R, G, B signals shown in (1) to (3) of FIG. 2 is used, where the sampling frequency and the number of quantization bits are appropriately selected. By doing so, it is possible to record arbitrary color image information, for example, image information of computer graphics, and it is also possible to represent computer graphics images on the television screen.

Large item of soft mode “1111” The large item of soft mode “1111” is provided with a small item of the manufacturer CODE “0000” as shown in (4) of FIG. Open to manufacturers. In addition, in the large item of “1111”, the pack having the small item of “1111” is common to all the packs and is set as item data indicating that the pack has no information. Ie the first byte (PC
A pack in which 0) is "11111111" has no information. Therefore, the small items provided in the large item of the soft mode “1111” are “0000” to “111”.
There are 15 types of "0".

As shown in the above description, in the digital VTR of this embodiment, any additional data is recorded by using the pack, and the item data corresponding to this data is provided in the first byte (PC0). . Then, arbitrary data follows the format defined by this item data 4
It is provided in the cutting tool (PC1 to PC4). When the data of this pack is reproduced, the item data provided in the first byte (PC0) is reproduced. Then, according to the format defined by this item data, the following 4 bytes (PC
Arbitrary data provided in 1 to 4) is reproduced. As a result, AUDIO area, VIDEO area, SU
With respect to the pack recorded in the BCODE area and the pack written in the MIC, the degree of freedom of the recorded or written contents can be made extremely high. Therefore, the user or manufacturer can easily record or write desired contents in these packs.

Further, in the digital VTR of this embodiment,
Since the data structure is the common pack structure as described above, the software for recording and reproducing these data can be made common, and the processing is simplified. Further, since the timing at the time of recording / reproducing is constant, it is not necessary to provide an extra memory such as RAM for time adjustment, and the software can be easily developed in the case of developing a new model. be able to.

Further, by adopting the pack structure, for example, even when an error occurs during reproduction, the next pack can be easily taken out. Therefore, a large amount of data will not be destroyed due to error propagation or the like.

(8) Structure of the accompanying information recording area Next, the AAUX area, VAUX area, and SUBCODE where various kinds of packs as described above are recorded.
A specific structure of the data area of the area and the recording area of the MIC mounted on the tape cassette will be described.

AAUX area In the AAUX area, 1SY shown in (2) of FIG.
5 bytes AA in the NC block format
One pack is constructed in the UX area. Therefore, AA
The UX area consists of 9 packs per track. In the digital VTR of the present embodiment, one frame of data is recorded on 10 tracks, so one frame of AA is recorded.
The UX area is represented as shown in FIG.

In this figure, one section represents one pack. And the numbers 50-55 entered in the section
Is a hexadecimal representation of the item code of the pack of the section. That is, the six packs shown in (1) of FIG. 44 to (1) of FIG. 45 are recorded in the third to eighth packs of the odd numbered tracks and the 0th to fifth packs of the even numbered tracks. To be done. These constantly recorded packs are called main packs, and the areas in which these main packs are recorded are called AAUX main areas. Areas other than this are called AAUX optional areas, and an arbitrary pack can be selected from the various packs described above and recorded.

VAUX area For VAUX area, VAU in one track
As shown in FIG. 32, the X area is composed of three SYNC blocks α, β and γ, and the number of packs thereof is as shown in FIG.
15 per 1 SYNC block, as shown in
There are 45 trucks. The 2-byte area immediately before the error code C1 in the 1SYNC block is
It is used as a preliminary recording area.

Regarding the VAUX area for one frame,
The pack structure is shown in FIG. In this figure, the packs to which the hexadecimal display item codes 60 to 65 are attached (six packs shown in (2) of FIG. 45 to (2) of FIG. 46) constitute the VAUX main area,
The other pack constitutes the VAUX optional area.

34. Data area of SUBCODE area The data area of the SUBCODE area is, as shown in FIG. 34, SYNC block numbers 0 to 11 respectively.
Five bytes are written in the C block, and each of them constitutes one pack. That is, 12 packs are recorded in one track, of which SYNC block numbers 3 to
The packs 5 and 9 to 11 form a main area, and the other packs form an optional area.

The contents of data recorded in the main area of the SUBCODE area are defined differently in the first half 5 tracks and the latter half 5 tracks in one frame. As shown in FIG. 7, the first half 5 tracks are defined. The title time code pack (TTC) or its binary group pack (BIN) is recorded. On the other hand, in the latter half 5 tracks, REC DATE
Packs and REC TIME packs are recorded.

In these packs, the same data is repeatedly recorded in each of the 5 tracks in the first half and the latter half, and
Even within the same track, SYNC block numbers 3 to 5
The positions are changed to 9 to 11 and repeatedly recorded. Also, packs in the optional area are repeatedly recorded. FIG. 8 shows the state of repeated recording within this one frame. In this figure, A and C are TT
Represents C data, B is TTC or BIN data, D is REC DATE data, E is REC T
Represents IME data. In the soft tape, a CHAPTER START pack representing chapter start position data is recorded as C and E data, and B and B are recorded.
Part D. and D. The pack is recorded.

Further, a, b, c, ... In FIG.
., K, and m represent pack data in the optional area, and 1 track 6 in the first half and second half of one frame
Each pack data is repeatedly recorded 5 times, and the recording position is SYNC block number 0.
The pack data of ~ 2 and the pack data of SYNC block numbers 6 to 8 are configured to be replaced for each track.

As shown in FIG. 34, the parity added to the SUBCODE data is only horizontal parity of 2 bytes having a short pit length, and vertical parity is not added. Therefore, it is different from the case of audio data or video data. Although the data protection effect by parity is weaker than that of the sub-data, since the same data is repeatedly recorded on each track as described above, the data of SUBCODE is not recorded even if one channel clog of the head occurs. There is a high possibility that it will be read, and the reliability of the reproduced data can be improved by using the majority decision during reproduction. Further, since the data is repeatedly recorded at different positions on the track, there is a high possibility that the data can be read even if the tape has a lateral scratch.

Finally, the roles of the main area and optional area in each area described above will be supplementarily described. As can be understood from the above description, the main area is recorded with a pack storing incidental information regarding basic data items common to all tapes.

The basic data recorded in these main areas is, for the AAUX area and VAUX area, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, the entry side and the exit side of the recording head for each track. It is recorded repeatedly by shifting the position alternately to and.
Also in the main area of the ODE area, the SYNC block numbers 3 to 5 and 9 to 11 are repeatedly recorded at different positions, so that high safety is ensured against data loss due to lateral scratches on the tape. .

Further, since such basic data is recorded by both the head for recording the odd-numbered tracks and the head for recording the even-numbered tracks, even if one-channel data is lost due to the head clog. High security can be obtained. In contrast to the above basic data recorded in the main area, a soft tape maker, a user, or the like can freely write any additional information in the optional area. As such ancillary information, various character information as described above, teletext signal data, television signal data of any line in the vertical blanking period or effective scanning period, computer graphics data Etc.

Recording Area of MIC FIG. 9 shows the data structure of the recording area of the MIC. This recording area is also divided into a main area and an optional area. Then, the first byte and unused area (F
All except Fh) are described in a pack structure. As mentioned above, only the text data has a variable length packed structure,
Other than that, it is stored in the same 5-byte fixed-length pack structure as VAUX, AAUX, and SUBCODE.

At the head address 0 of the MIC main area, ID data A that defines the data structure of the MIC is written.
PM3 bit and BCID (Basic Cassette)
eID) 4 bits are recorded. The BCID is a basic cassette ID and has the same content as an ID board for ID recognition (tape thickness, tape type, tape grade) in a cassette without MIC. The ID board makes the MIC reading terminal have the same function as the recognition hole of the conventional 8 mm VTR, which eliminates the need to make a hole in the cassette half as in the conventional case.

Three packs of the cassette ID, the tape length, and the title end are recorded in order from the address 1 onward. In the cassette ID pack, as described above, a more specific value of the tape thickness and memory information regarding the MIC are recorded. In the tape length pack, the tape maker records the tape length of the cassette in the number of tracks, so from this and the absolute track number indicating the recording end position of the next title end pack, the remaining amount of tape immediately Can be calculated. Further, this recording last position information provides a convenient usability when the reproduction is stopped by the camcorder and then the recording is returned to the original last recording position or when the timer is reserved.

The optional area is composed of optional events. Main area has addresses 0 to 1
The area up to 5 was a fixed area of 16 bytes, whereas the optional area is a variable area located after address 16. The length of the area changes depending on the content, and when the event is erased, the remaining events are packed and stored after address 16. FFh is written in all unnecessary data after the packing operation to make it an unused area. The optional area is literally an option, mainly TO
Tag information indicating C (Table of Contents) and points on the tape (for example, points at which still reproduction is performed), and text data such as a title regarding a program are recorded.

At the time of reading the MIC, the next pack header appears every 5 bytes or every variable length byte (text data) depending on the contents of the pack header. When FFh in the unused area is read as a header, Corresponds to the pack header of an information-free pack (NO INFO pack), so that the control microcomputer can detect that there is no information thereafter.

The optional area is composed of a common option and a maker option, and the common option contains, for example, text data. In the maker optional area, a pack having a large item of the soft mode “1111” and a small item of the maker code “0000” is provided, and subsequently, peculiar contents for each maker are provided. In recording and writing in the optional area, the contents of the common option are recorded first, and then the manufacturer option is recorded.

Therefore, when the pack of the maker code "0000" is discriminated, it is discriminated that the contents are standardized before that and the contents are peculiar to each maker thereafter. One or both of the contents of the common option or the contents unique to each pack and maker having the small item of the manufacturer code “0000” may not exist.

(9) Application ID Next, APT, AP1 to A which are ID data defining the data structure appearing in the above description of the recording format.
The meaning of P3 and APM will be supplementarily described. These I
The D data is collectively referred to as an application ID. Here, the application ID is not an ID that determines an application example of the digital VTR, but is an ID that simply determines the data structure of the area of the recording medium, and the APT and APM have the following meanings as described above. . APT: Determines the data structure on the track. APM ... Determines the data structure of the MIC.

Therefore, first, the data structure on the track is defined by the value of APT. That is, the track after the ITI area is divided into several areas as shown in FIG. 10 according to the value of the APT, the positions on those tracks, the SYNC block structure, the ECC structure for protecting data from errors, etc. The data structure of is uniquely determined.
Further, each area has an application ID that determines the data structure of the area. The meaning is as follows. Application ID of area n ... Determines the data structure of area n.

The application ID on the tape
Has a hierarchical structure as shown in FIG. That is, the area on the track is defined by the original application ID APT, and AP1 to AP1 are further added to each area.
APn is defined. The number of areas is defined by the APT. In FIG. 11, although written in two layers, a layer may be further provided below it if necessary. On the other hand, MIC
The application ID, APM, is in only one layer. As the value, the same value as the APT of the applied device is written by the digital VTR.

With this application ID system, a consumer digital VTR can be used as it is with its cassette, mechanism, servo system, ITI area generation / detection circuit, etc., and a completely different product group such as a data streamer or a multi-track. It is possible to build something like a digital audio tape recorder. Also, even if one area is decided, its contents can be further defined by the application ID of that area. Therefore, when there is a certain application ID, there is video data, and when there is another value, video / audio data, or computer data. Thus, it is possible to develop a very wide range of products.

For reference, the state when APT = 000 is shown in FIG. At this time, on the track area 1, area 2,
Area 3 is defined. The positions on those tracks, the SYNC block structure, the ECC structure for protecting data from errors, the gap for guaranteeing each area, and the overwrite margin for guaranteeing overwriting are determined. Further, each area has an application ID that determines the data structure of the area. The meaning is as follows. AP1 ... Determines the data structure of area 1. AP2 ... Determines the data structure of area 2. AP3 ... Determines the data structure of area 3.

[0118] The Applicati of each area
When the on ID is 000, it is defined as follows. AP1 = 000 ... Audio of consumer digital VTR, AAUX data structure AP2 = 000 ... Consumer digital VTR video, VAUX data structure AP3 = 000 ... Consumer digital VTR sub When the data structure of the code and ID is adopted, that is, when a consumer digital VTR is realized, APT, AP1, AP2, AP3 = 000.
At this time, the APM is naturally 000.

2. Recording Circuit of Digital VTR In the digital VTR of this embodiment, recording on the tape and the MIC is performed according to the recording format described above. Next, the digital VTR for executing such recording.
The configuration and operation of the TR recording circuit will be described. The overall structure of such a recording circuit is shown in FIG.

In this figure, the television signal source 37
The analog composite video signal input from is Y /
The C separation circuit 40 separates each of the Y, RY, and BY component signals and supplies them to the A / D converter 42. The analog composite video signal is supplied to the sync separation circuit 38, and the sync signal separated here is supplied to the timing pulse generator 39. Timing pulse generator 39 produces the clock pulses used in A / D converter 42 and blocking shuffling circuit 43, and various other pulses required in this recording circuit.

If the component signal input to the A / D converter 42 is the 525/60 system, the Y signal is 13.
5 MHz, the color difference signal has a sampling frequency of 13.5 / 4 MHz, and in the case of the 625/50 system, the Y signal is 1
A / D conversion is performed with a sampling frequency of 3.5 MHz and a color difference signal of 13.5 / 2 MHz, and with a quantization bit number of 8 bits in any case. Then, of these A / D converted outputs, the data DY, D in the effective scanning period
Only R and DB are supplied to the blocking / shuffling circuit 43.

This blocking / shuffling circuit 43
, The effective data DY, DR, and DB are 8 in the horizontal direction.
Blocking processing is performed with the sample and 8 lines in the vertical direction as one block, and further 4 DY blocks,
Shrinking is performed to increase the compression efficiency of image data in units of one DR and one DB block for a total of six blocks, and to disperse errors during reproduction, and then to the DCT conversion circuit 45. To be done.

The DCT conversion circuit 45 performs DCT conversion (discrete cosine conversion) on the input block data of 8 samples in the horizontal direction and 8 lines in the vertical direction, and this DC
The T-transform output is supplied to the estimator 46 and the quantization / encoding circuit 47. Here, the estimator 46 uses the DCT block 3
This is for determining the quantization step in the quantization / encoding circuit 47 so that the data amount per 0 is compressed to a predetermined data amount, and this quantized output is after variable length encoding. 32 supplied to the framing circuit 49 together with the VAUX data from the VAUX IC 28.
Framed in the format.

Further, the audio signal separated from the analog composite video signal in the audio separation circuit 41 is converted into a digital audio signal by the A / D converter 44, and the shuffling circuit 48 performs data dispersion processing, AAU in the framing circuit 50
Framed in the format of FIG. 30 together with the AAUX data from the IC 29 for X.

The framing outputs from the framing circuits 50 and 49 and the pack data from the SUBCODE IC 27 are sequentially read by the parity generation circuit 51 via SW2.
Is supplied to the ID insertion circuit 52 and a 3-byte ID signal is inserted.
Here, ID0 and ID1 of the ID portion that constitutes the SYNC block of each area are the above-mentioned SUBCODE ID generation circuit 14, generation circuit 30, and AUDIO and VI.
ID of DEO (however, I generated by the generation circuit 30)
IDs other than D) are generated in the generation circuit 31, and these generation outputs are switched by the switch SW1 in accordance with the output signal of the parity generation circuit 51 and supplied to the ID parity generation circuit 32 to form an ID signal. In addition, the data S in the pre-SYNC and the post-SYNC
P / LP and DUMMY are directly supplied to the ID insertion circuit 52 without adding a parity by switching SW3.

The data into which the ID signal is inserted by the ID signal inserting circuit 52 is the randomizing circuit 53 and 24/25.
After being processed by the conversion circuit 54, a predetermined SYNC signal from the SYNC signal generation circuit 35 of AUDIO or VIDEO or the SYNC signal generation circuit 55 of SUBCODE is inserted by the switching operation of SW4, and further,
Recording is performed on the tape by the recording head via the recording amplifier 56. Here, the randomization circuit 53 has a function of removing the DC component of the data in advance in order to enable the provision of the tracking control pilot frequency component in the 24/25 conversion circuit 54. In addition, the 24/25 conversion circuit 5
4 performs a process of adding one bit for every 24 bits of data to give the pilot frequency component and a precoding process (partial response class IV) suitable for digital recording.

On the other hand, VAUX, AAUX, SUBCED
Each pack data recorded in each area of E and MIC is generated in the pack data generation circuit 20 based on the input data from the operation panel 25, and these pack data are generated by the signal processing microcomputer 26. The MIC2 is provided to the VAUX IC 28, the SUBCODE IC 27, and the AAUX IC 29, which are interfaces for connecting between the microcomputer and the hardware, and also via the mode processing microcomputer 22 and the MIC microcomputer 23.
4 is supplied.

The outline of the pack data generation circuit 20 is shown in FIG.
Shown in. The configuration shown in this figure generates recorded pack data for each group of large items, and a pack data generation circuit for a predetermined large item is selected according to input data from the operation panel 25. Then, desired pack data is generated. Although not shown, the input signals supplied to these pack data generation circuits are not limited to manual input from the operation panel 25. For example, a TIME CODE signal for generating a TIME CODE pack, or Alternatively, a signal such as a video signal when a line pack is generated is also input. Further, the CHAPTERPACK generation circuit 140 and the PART PACK generation circuit 141 in this figure are
It is used when creating soft tapes,
It is not installed in a consumer digital VTR.

Incidentally, the instruction input data concerning the recording format inputted from the operation panel 25 is inputted to the mode processing microcomputer 22, and based on this input data, the mode processing microcomputer makes application ID, APT, AP1.
~ AP3, APM is generated. These ID data are sent from the mode processing microcomputer to a required circuit, that is, IT.
I generation circuit 33, pre-SYNC / post-SYNC and C
Circuit 30 for generating ID part of 2-parity SYNC, SU
A predetermined ID supplied to the BCODE ID generation circuit 14
While being fitted into the part, the MIC microcomputer 23
The APM is stored in a predetermined address of the MIC 24 via the.

In addition to the above, various kinds of recording mode instruction data (for example, SP / LP) are sent to the mode processing microcomputer 22.
(Instruction regarding moving image recording / still image recording, instruction regarding color image recording mode / monochrome image recording mode, instruction regarding timer recording, etc.) is also input from the operation panel 25, and the mode processing microcomputer is a signal processing microcomputer through communication between microcomputers. 26, while cooperating with the MIC microcomputer 23 and the mechanical control microcomputer 21, mode management of the entire digital VTR is executed based on these recording mode instruction data and the above-mentioned application ID data.

Further, the signal processing microcomputer 26, based on the output of the timing pulse generation circuit 39,
The track number data stored in the ID portion of E is also generated and supplied to the SUBCODE ID generation circuit 14. Note that the ITI signal from the ITI signal generation circuit 33 is recorded prior to the recording of the AUDIO data, and
An amble signal from the amble pattern generating circuit 34 is recorded in the front and rear portions of each recording area. Also, I
To the TI signal generation circuit 33, PF data is supplied from the mode processing microcomputer 22 in addition to APT and SP / LP.

3. Line Pack Recording Next, line pack recording will be described in detail as a specific example of recording pack data in the digital VTR. FIG. 15 shows a specific circuit configuration of the line pack generation circuit 146 shown in the pack data generation circuit 20 of FIG.

In this circuit diagram, data of a desired line is mainly used for the Y pack and R shown in (2) to (4) of FIG.
3 shows a circuit for generating line pack data for recording using a -Y pack and a BY pack, and shows an R pack, a G pack, and a B pack shown in (1) to (3) of FIG. A circuit configuration for recording using a pack is omitted.

The line pack data generation operation in this circuit is entirely controlled by the line pack generation control microcomputer 114, and the operator generates the line number of the line to be recorded in the television signal in the microcomputer 114. Data for designating an area (VAUX area, AAUX area, etc.) for recording line pack data, recording pattern of line data pack following line header pack, BW, EN, CLF, CM stored in line header pack , QU, and f
When the value of each code of r is input, the microcomputer 114
Based on the input data, the recording area designation data is stored in the memory 115 and the line header data is stored in the memory 116.
Line number, recording pattern, sample frequency fr,
And the quantization bit number QU are stored in the memory 117, respectively.

When a recording start command is input by the operator after inputting these data, the microcomputer 1
A line pack data generation unit 14 starts a line pack data generation operation based on the data stored in the memories 115 to 117 and the outputs of the line counter 112 and the color frame detection circuit 113. It is stored in the memory 134.

The stored line pack data is read by the signal processing microcomputer 26 at the same timing as the recording operation of the audio and video data on the tape, and the VA is recorded in accordance with the recording area designated by the operator.
It is supplied to the UX IC 28 or the AAUX IC 29. It should be noted that as the recording area, line pack data may be recorded only in the VAUX area, or may be recorded only in the AAUX area, or recording may be performed over both the VAUX area and the AAUX area of each recording track. The recording area can be selected. Of course, if the data amount of the line pack is small and there is enough free space in the SUBCODE optional area, the SUBCODE
It is also possible to record in the optional area of.

The above-mentioned recording pattern will be described below. In the digital VTR of this embodiment, the operator can specify nine types of patterns (1) to (9) shown in FIG. It should be noted that the L.D. displayed at the beginning of each pack data sequence (1) to (9) in this figure. H. Represents a line header pack. Then, in the recording pattern shown in (4) of this figure, the sample frequencies of the data stored in the RY pack and the BY pack are the same sample frequencies stored in the line header, Also in the recording pattern of (9), similarly, the data of each pack of R, G, and B has the same sampling frequency.

However, the recording pattern of (5) is 4: 1:
It is used only when recording in one format, and fr stored in the line header pack
The code always takes the value "6" described in the line header pack. That is, the sampling frequency of the Y pack data in this recording pattern is 13.5 MHz,
The sampling frequency of the data of the color difference signal pack is 13.5 /
It is 4 MHz.

Next, the overall operation of the line pack generation circuit 146 will be described by giving a specific example of line pack recording.
First, the contents of the data stored in the memory 117 by the microcomputer 114 based on the input data by the operator are shown in FIG.
And the same memory 115 and 116.
It is assumed that the content of the data stored in is as shown in FIG. In this case, FIG. 17 shows the following contents.

That is, the lines to be recorded designated by the operator are three lines n1, n2 and n3, and the data of the line n1 is the Y signal data according to the recording patterns (1) and (4) of FIG. , RY signal data and BY signal data are recorded. In this case, the sampling frequency of the Y signal is fr1 and the number of quantization bits is Q.
U1, and the sampling frequencies of the two color difference signals are fr
2, the number of quantization bits is QU2. Also, line n2
16 is recorded, only the Y signal data is recorded according to the recording pattern (1) of FIG. 16, the sampling frequency is fr3, and the number of quantization bits is QU3. Regarding the data of the line n3 designated last, the Y signal data, the RY signal data, according to the recording pattern (5) of FIG.
And BY signal data are recorded, and the sampling frequency in this case is fr4 (= 13.5 MH) for the Y signal.
z) and fr5 (= 13.5 / 4MH) for the color difference signal
z), the number of quantization bits is QU4 for both the Y signal and the color difference signal.

In order to record the data of these three lines, the recording patterns (1) and (4) in the line n1, the recording pattern (1) in the line n2, and the recording pattern (5) in the line n3 are recorded. A total of four line header packs are required for each of the above, and the microcomputer 114 creates the data to be stored in the line header pack each time the operator inputs a recording pattern designation, and sequentially creates the data in the memory 116. Remember. This will be described with reference to FIG. 18. Line headers A, B, C and D in FIG.
Each of the recording patterns (1), (4),
It corresponds to (1) and (5).

Then, the microcomputer 114 stores the respective recording area designation data in the memory 115 in association with these line header packs. In this figure, each line pack data series starting with each line header A to D is a designated VAUX area or AAU, respectively.
This means that the data is recorded in areas a1 to a4 representing the X area. Note that the TSD value stored in the line header pack is uniquely determined according to the sample frequency specified by the operator. Therefore, this value is the sample frequency-TSD comparison table stored in the ROM by the microcomputer 114. Memory 116 based on (not shown)
Store to.

When the microcomputer 114 receives the recording start command from the operator after storing the data in each memory in this way, it determines the number of lines based on the vertical synchronizing signal and the horizontal synchronizing signal separated from the recorded television signal. Is compared with the line number stored in the memory 117, and the line gate signal generation circuit 119 is controlled so that the line gate signal is generated when the two coincide with each other. , A gate circuit to which the line gate signal is to be supplied, a sampling frequency to be set, and a quantization bit number to be set are determined from the data content of the memory 117, and a control signal for executing these determination content is determined. Line gate signal generation circuit 119, sample pulse generation circuit 123, quantization bit number setting circuit 1 Supplied to the 7.

For example, when the content of the memory 117 is as shown in FIG. 17, if n1 <n2 <n3 is satisfied, the gate circuit 12 is first provided when the line n1 is reached.
Line gate signals are supplied to 0 to 122, and these gate outputs are stored in the buffer memories 131 to 133 after being sampled and quantized by the sampling circuits 124 to 126 and the quantization circuits 128 to 130. Next, when the line n2 is reached, the line gate signal is supplied only to the gate 120, and the sampling quantized output of the Y signal is stored in the buffer memory 131. Further, when the line n3 is reached, the gate circuits 120-
A line gate signal is supplied to 122, and these gate outputs are sampled and quantized in the sampling circuits 124 to 126 and the quantization circuits 128 to 130 in accordance with the 4: 1: 1 format, and then to the buffer memories 131 to 133. Remembered.

The color frame detection circuit 113 in this figure is supplied with vertical and horizontal synchronizing signals and color subcarriers extracted from the recorded television signal, and is a signal that always represents the color frame of the recording signal. Is being output. Then, the flag E entered by the operator
When N is "1" and the color frame code CLF is valid, when the line gate signal is generated on the designated line, the microcomputer 114 at this point causes the code CLF representing the color frame output from the color frame detection circuit 113. Is generated and is fitted into the CLF portion of the line header data corresponding to the designated line in the memory 116. When the flag EN is "0", such C
The work of inserting the LF code is not performed.

As described above, the buffer memories 131 to 131
The data stored in 133 is written into the line pack data memory 134 by the microcomputer 114 so as to form a recording pattern stored in the memory 117. At the time of this writing, the signal processing microcomputer 26 makes the memory 1
Read the pack data from 34 and IC 28 for VAUX
In addition, the recording area designation data stored in the memory 115 is provided at the beginning of each line header pack in order to instruct the delivery destination when delivering to the IC 29 for AAUX.

FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing how the pack data series generated according to the data shown in FIGS. 17 and 18 is stored in the line pack data memory 134.
become that way. As is clear from this figure, the order of writing data to the memory 134 in FIG. 15 is, for example, the recording area designation data, the line header item, the line header data A, Y for the pack data string of the recording pattern (1). Pack item, Y signal data (4 bytes), Y pack item, Y signal data (4 bytes
Bytes, ..., And, regarding the packed data string of the recording pattern (4), recording area designation data, line header item, line header data B, RY
Pack item, RY signal data (4 bytes), B
-Y pack item, BY signal data (4 bytes), ...

When the pack data string in the memory 134 is distributed to the VAUX IC 28 and the AAUX IC 29, the signal processing microcomputer 26 determines the IC of the distribution destination by the recording area designating data at the head thereof. The operation is executed in units of one frame. Where SUBCODE
IC27, VAUX IC28, AAUX IC29
The configuration will be described with reference to FIG.

As shown in this figure, these ICs have memories for storing one frame of main packs and optional packs recorded in their respective areas, and these pack data are stored in each frame. The pack data generation circuit 20 of FIG.
Is updated to pack data newly read from. The pack data stored in the VAUX IC 28 and the AAUX IC 29 are read according to the framing formats shown in FIGS. 32 and 30, and the recording order of the main pack and the optional pack shown in FIGS. 6 and 4. Issued and framing circuits 49 and 50
Is output to.

The pack data stored in the SUBCODE IC 27 is read out in accordance with the recording order shown in FIG. 8 and is input to the subsequent processing steps via SW2. In FIG. 20, the signal processing microcomputer 26 is
The line pack data stored in the line pack data memory 134 in FIG. 15 is stored in the optional pack memory 105 of the VAUX IC 28 or the AAUX IC 29.
The storage operation is performed so that the optional pack other than the line pack is not inserted and recorded in the middle of one recording pattern of the line pack. .

This is because when an error occurs in the item part of the line pack during the reproduction of the line pack, it is difficult to judge the contents of the data of this pack, so all the line pack data after the error part is discarded. However, if an optional pack other than a line pack is inserted in the middle of the line pack series and recorded, if an error occurs in an item of a pack other than this line pack, the line packs after that line pack are recorded. This is because there is a problem that all are discarded even if there is no error in.

4. Digital VTR Reproducing Circuit Next, the digital VTR reproducing circuit in the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In these figures, a weak signal reproduced from a magnetic tape (not shown) by a magnetic head (not shown) is amplified by a head amplifier (not shown), and the equalizer circuit 60
Added to. The equalizer circuit 60 performs reverse processing of the emphasis processing (for example, partial response class IV) performed to improve the electromagnetic conversion characteristics of the magnetic tape and the magnetic head during recording.

The clock reproduction circuit 59 extracts the clock CK from the output of the equalizer circuit 60. This clock CK is supplied to the A / D converter 61 to digitize the output of the equalizer circuit 60. The 1-bit data thus obtained is written in the FIFO 62 using the clock CK. This clock CK is a temporally unstable signal containing a jitter component of the rotary head drum. However, since the data itself before A / D conversion also contains a jitter component, there is no problem in sampling itself.

However, when extracting image data or the like from this point, the time axis adjustment is performed using the FIFO 62 because the data cannot be extracted unless the data is temporally stable. That is, writing is performed with an unstable clock, but reading is performed with the reference oscillator 5 using a crystal oscillator or the like shown in the figure.
The stable clock SCK from the clock generator 57 generated based on the output of 8 is used. The depth of the FIFO 62 is set to have a margin such that the data is not read faster than the input speed of the input data.

The output of each stage of the FIFO 62 is applied to the SYNC pattern detection circuit 72. Here, the SYNC pattern of each area is switched by the switching circuit 71 and applied by the timing circuit 76. SY
The NC pattern detection circuit 72 has a flywheel configuration, and once a SYNC pattern is detected, it is checked whether or not the same SYNC pattern comes again after a predetermined SYNC block length. For example, if it is correct three times or more, it is regarded as true to prevent erroneous detection. The depth of the FIFO 62 needs to be several minutes.

When the SYNC pattern is detected in this way, the shift amount is determined which part of the output of each stage of the FIFO 62 should be extracted to extract one SYNC block, and the switching circuit 63 is based on this.
Are closed and the necessary bits are fetched into the SYNC block confirmation latch 64. As a result, the fetched SYNC number is fetched by the SYNC number extraction circuit 73 and supplied to the timing circuit 76. Since the position on the track where the head scans can be known from the read SYNC number, the switching circuit 71 and the switching circuit 66 are switched accordingly.

In the switching circuit 66, the head is ITI.
It switches to the lower side while scanning the area, and SY
The ITISYNC pattern is removed by the NC removal circuit 15 and added to the ITI decoder 74. Since the ITI area is coded and recorded, each data of APT, SP / LP and PF can be taken out by decoding it. These data are stored in the mode processing microcomputer 2
Given to 2. The mode processing microcomputer 22 determines the operation mode and the like of the entire digital VTR, and cooperates with the mechanical control microcomputer 21 and the signal processing microcomputer 26 to perform system control of the entire set.

The mode processing microcomputer 22 is connected to the MIC microcomputer 23 for managing APM and the like. MIC
Information from the MIC 24 in the attached cassette (not shown) is transferred to this MI via a MIC contact switch (not shown).
It is given to the C microcomputer 23 and performs the processing of the MIC while sharing the role with the mode processing microcomputer 22. Depending on the set, the MIC microcomputer 23 may be omitted and the mode processing microcomputer 22 may perform MIC processing.

When the head scans the AUDIO area, the VIDEO area, or the SUBCODE area, the switching circuit 66 is switched to the upper side. After the SYNC pattern of each area is extracted by the SYNC removal circuit 65, it is passed through the 24/25 inverse conversion circuit 67, and is further added to the inverse random number generation circuit 68 to restore the original data string. The data thus extracted is used for the error correction circuit 69.
Add to.

The error correction circuit 69 detects and corrects error data by using the parity added on the recording side. However, the data that cannot be completely removed is ERROR.
Output with flags. Each data is switched by the switching circuit 80 and output. ID of AUDIO and VIDEO, pre-SYNC and post-SY
The circuit 97 for extracting the NC extracts the AUDIO / VIDEO area, the SYNC number stored in the pre-SYNC and the post-SYNC, the track number, and the SP / LP signals stored in the pre-SYNC, and outputs them to the timing circuit 76. To generate various timings, and AP1, AP2 and SP / LP to the mode processing microcomputer 22.

As for SP / LP, the mode processing microcomputer 22 is obtained from ITI and the above extraction circuit 97.
We will compare it with the one obtained from. In the ITI area, the SP / LP information is written three times in the TIA area, and the reliability is increased by taking the majority vote and the like. Pre-SYNC is 2 for audio and 2 for video
There are four pieces each, and SP / LP information is written at a total of four places.
Here too, there is a majority vote to improve reliability. Finally, if they do not match, the ITI area is preferentially adopted.

In FIG. 22, VIDEO DATA output from the fixed terminal 1 of the switching circuit 80 is divided into video data and video accompanying data by the switching circuit 81. Then, the video data is given to the deframing circuit 82 together with the error flag. The deframing circuit 82 performs the inverse conversion of the framing on the recording side, and grasps the property of the data packed therein. Therefore, when there is an error that can not be caught in one data, I understand how it affects other data, so I will handle the propagation error here. As a result, the ERROR flag becomes a VERROR flag that newly includes a propagation error. The deframing circuit 82 also performs a process of making some error in the image data to erase the error flag even if the data has an error and is not important for image reproduction.

The video data which has been subjected to the deframing processing is returned to the data before being compressed in the compression decoding circuit 83 including an inverse quantization circuit, a variable length code decoding circuit, an inverse DCT conversion circuit and the like. Next, the deshuffling / deblocking circuit 84 returns the data to the original image space arrangement. Only after returning data to this real image space, VERR
The image can be repaired based on the OR flag. That is, for example, the image data of one frame before is always stored in the memory, and the image block in error is substituted with the previous image data.

The deshuffling outputs are DY, DR,
The data is divided into three systems of DB and handled, and supplied to the D / A converter 85 via the switching circuit 87, where Y, R-
The analog components of Y and BY are returned. The clock at this time is taken out from the clock generating circuit 57 described above, and Y
For, 13.5MH _Z, R-Y, for B-Y, with frequencies 6.75MH _Z or 3.375MH _Z.

The three signal components thus obtained are input to the circuit 86 for Y / C synthesis and sync signal insertion via the switching circuit 110, where the composite sync signal from the sync signal generation circuit 79 is synthesized. A composite video signal is formed. On the other hand, AUDIO DATA output from the fixed terminal 3 of the switching circuit 80 is divided into audio data and audio accompanying data by the switching circuit 93. Then, the audio data is deframing circuit 94 together with the ERROR flag.
Given to.

The deframing circuit 94 performs the inverse conversion of the framing on the recording side, and grasps the property of the data packed therein. Therefore, when there is an error that can not be caught in one data, I understand how it affects other data, so I will handle the propagation error here. For example, at the time of 16-bit sampling, one data unit is 8 bits, so one ER
The ROR flag is a new AERRO that includes a propagation error.
It becomes the R flag.

The audio data subjected to the deframing processing is returned to the original time axis by the next deshuffling circuit 95. At this time, the audio data repair work is performed based on the AERROR flag. That is, a process such as a previous value hold that substitutes the sound immediately before the error is performed.
If the error period is too long and the repair does not work,
The sound itself is stopped by taking measures such as muting.

After performing such a treatment, the D / A converter 9
The value is returned to an analog value by 6 and is output as a reproduced audio signal while timing of image data and the like is taken. Also,
Each of the VAUX and AAUX data separated by the switching circuit 81 and the switching circuit 93 is subjected to a pre-processing such as a majority decision process in the VAUX IC 88 and the AAUX IC 90 while also referring to the error flag.

Further, the fixed terminal 2 of the switching circuit 80
The SUBCODE area ID data and the pack data output from are given to the SUBCODE IC 89,
Here too, preprocessing such as majority processing is performed with reference to the error flag. The data that has been subjected to these pre-processing is then given to the signal processing microcomputer 26, and the final reading operation is performed. The errors that could not be removed in the pre-processing are VAUXER, SUBER, and A, respectively.
It is given to the signal processing microcomputer 26 as AUXER.

Supplementing the error processing of the incidental information here, each area has a main area and an optional area. In the case of the 525/60 system, the same data is written 10 times in the main area.
Therefore, even if some of them have an error, they can be supplemented and reproduced with other data, and the ERROR flag there is no longer an error. However, since the data is written once in the optional areas other than SUBCODE, the error remains as VAUXER and AAUXER.

The signal processing microcomputer 26 further performs propagation error processing, data repair processing, and the like by analogy with the context of each data pack. The determination result (AP3, APT, search information, and various SUBCODE, VAUX, AAUX pack information obtained from SUBCODE) is given to the mode processing microcomputer 22,
The mode processing microcomputer 22 uses the given information,
Also, the operation mode of the digital VTR is determined based on the information provided from the ITI decoder 74 and the extraction circuit 97, and the mechanical control microcomputer 21, the MIC microcomputer 23,
Digital V in cooperation with the signal processing microcomputer 26
Perform management of the entire TR.

The line pack reproducing circuit 111 in FIG. 18 restores the line data by extracting only the line pack from the packs recorded in the optional area of the VAUX area or the AAUX area, and restores the line data. By supplying to the switching circuit 87 or 110, the line data recorded by the line pack is inserted into a predetermined line in the reproduced component video signal. Is this insertion operation performed in the digital signal stage? These switching circuits 87 depending on whether the analog signal stage is used.
And 110 are selected. The R, G, and B signals recorded and reproduced using the R signal pack, the G signal pack, and the B signal pack are combined or combined at the R, G, B signal stage of the television receiver, for example. Insert.

Details of the line pack reproducing circuit 111 will be described below. 5. Line Pack Reproducing Circuit The internal structure of the line pack reproducing circuit 111 is shown in FIGS. Although not shown in FIG. 22, in this figure, the VAUX IC 88 and the AAUX IC 90 are shown.
In supplying the pack data from the line pack reproducing circuit 111 to the line pack reproducing circuit 111, a circuit for removing the main pack is provided on the input side of the reproducing circuit 111 so that only the optional pack is supplied. In the line pack reproducing circuit shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, first, the AAUX optional pack data and then the VAUX optional pack data are taken out by the switching operation of the switch SW10 in accordance with the order of reproduction on each track. It is supplied to the memories 152 to 158, the item discriminator 151, and the byte position counter 182.

The write control circuit 172 executes the write operation of the pack data to the memories 152 to 158. Here, based on the item data input from the item discriminator 151, the write control circuit 172 writes so as to store the data of a predetermined line pack in each of the memories 152 to 158 as shown in this figure. Take control.

That is, the item discriminator 151 discriminates the item of the input pack data, and this item is
Line header packs for large line items, Y
Signal pack, RY signal pack, BY signal pack, R
When it corresponds to an item of any one of the signal pack, the G signal pack, and the B signal pack, the item data is supplied to the write control circuit 172. When the item data of this line pack is input, the write control circuit 172 follows the item data 2
In order to store the pack data from the 1st byte (PC1) to the 5th byte in the memory corresponding to this item data, the write clock and the write address signal are supplied only to this corresponding memory.

For example, when the item data "10000001" of the Y signal pack is supplied from the item discriminator 151 to the write control circuit 172, the write control circuit 172 outputs Y.
The write clock CKY and the write address signal WAY are supplied only to the signal memory 153, and 4 bytes of Y signal data are written in the memory. In this figure, CK
L, CKRY, CKBY, CKR, CKG, CKB, and WAL, WARY, WABY, WAR, WAG, WA
B represents a write clock and a write address signal to the line header memory 152, the RY signal memory 154, the BY signal memory 155, the R signal memory 156, the G signal memory 157, and the B signal memory 158, respectively.

The memory 152 has a storage capacity for one pack of line header data, and is updated with new line header data every time a new line header is input. The memories 153 to 158 have sufficient storage capacity to store line data for one line or more, and the input line data are stored in order from the head address. Further, the error signals AAUXER and VAUXER are also supplied to the memories 153 to 158. When the pack data has an error signal, the error signal is also stored in the memory together with the pack data.

Then, the pack data and the error signal read from the memories 153-158 are supplied to the error correction circuits 176-181, respectively. Here, since the pack data read from each memory basically forms continuous image signal data for one line, when an error occurs in one part of the read pack data, The error correction operation is performed such that the data value of the error portion is replaced with the immediately preceding data, or the arithmetic mean value of the data before and after the error portion is replaced.

The respective data passed through the error correction circuit are returned to the original analog signals supplied to the respective DA conversion circuits 166 to 171. In addition, each memory 153-158
The timing of starting the reading of the pack data and the reading speed thereof are based on the line number and the sampling frequency stored in the line header pack, and the D of the pack data in each DA conversion circuit 166 to 171.
The A conversion operation is performed corresponding to the number of quantization bits stored in the line header pack.

In this line pack reproducing circuit,
In this way, in order to execute the read operation from each memory and the DA conversion operation in accordance with the content of the line header data, the line header data once stored in the line header memory 152 is processed by the line header data distribution device 159. The data of the line data pack subsequent to the line header of the control circuits 160 to 165 is distributed to the control circuit attached to the memory, and each control circuit distributes the distributed line header. It is configured to control a data read operation from each memory and a DA conversion operation based on the data. That is, in each of the control circuits 160 to 165, a dotted arrow from the control circuit to the memory represents a read control signal for reading pack data from the memory, and the control circuit outputs D to the memory.
The dotted arrow to the A conversion circuit indicates the D in the DA conversion circuit.
A DA conversion control signal for controlling the A conversion operation is shown.

The line header data distribution device 1
Reference numeral 59 denotes the item discriminator 151 for performing the above-described distribution operation.
Execute based on the item data of the line pack input from. The flow of the distribution operation is as shown in FIG. 25. Explaining this flow, the distribution device 159 first confirms the input of the line pack item data from the item discriminator 151 in step ST1, and then executes the next step. In ST2, it is determined whether or not the input item is a line header item. When this is an item of the line header, the item data memory provided in the distribution device 159 is cleared (step ST3) and the next item data is input (step ST).
4).

When the item data of the next line data pack following the line header pack is input, the input item data is stored in the item data memory in the distribution device and the line header data stored in the memory 152 is also stored. To the control circuit provided on the output side of the memory (any of 153 to 158) that stores the pack data of the input item, and stores it in the line header data memory therein (step ST
5, step ST6).

After the delivery / storing operation is completed, when the item of the next line pack is further input, it is judged whether or not the input item is already stored in the item data memory (step ST7, step ST
8) If not stored, it is further determined whether or not this item is a line header item (step ST9), and if NO, the process returns to step ST5. In addition,
The reason why step ST8 is executed is to store the line header data only once in the line header data memory in the control circuit that should store the line header data (as shown in [3] of FIG. It is necessary that the data of different line headers be sequentially stored in the line header data memory of, and the data of the same line header are not stored repeatedly. If the decision result in the step ST9 is YES, the process returns to the step ST3.

The write-prohibition control circuit 150 provided in the line pack reproducing circuit is the item discriminator 15
When the line header item is input from 1, the write control circuit 172 permits the write operation of the pack data to the memories 153 to 158, and the line pack sequence created under the line header is When finished, writing is prohibited. The prohibition operation is performed as follows. That is, the byte position counter 182 is configured to reset and start the operation of counting the byte position of the pack data supplied from the switch SW10 when the line header item is input from the item discriminator 151.

Then, the write inhibit control circuit 150 receives the TSD and QU supplied from the line header memory 152.
The total number of bytes of the line pack series is calculated based on the above, and when the count output of the byte position counter 182 matches the calculated value, the end of the line pack data series is recognized (the middle of one line pack data series. Since the pack recording is performed without intervening other optional packs, the end of the line pack data sequence can be detected by such a method).

However, when an error occurs in the line header pack data or an error occurs in the item of the line pack, the write inhibit control circuit 150 immediately prohibits the write operation to each memory, and this write operation is performed. The prohibited state continues until the next line header item is input. In this case, whether or not there is an error in the item portion of the line pack is determined by looking at the output value of the byte position counter 182 at the time when the error signal is input to the write inhibit control circuit 150. Whether or not there is an error in the pack data is also determined by looking at the output value of the byte position counter 182 when the error signal is input.

As the read address when each data is read from the memories 153 to 158 by the control circuits 160 to 165, the write address at the time of writing data to each of the memories 153 to 158 is also supplied to each control circuit. It is obtained by storing it in the read address memory (not shown). Since each control circuit always stores the correct read address in this way, for example, even if an error occurs in the item part in the middle of the line pack data series and the subsequent data is lost, the correct data part Only read.

When the CM flag in the line header data distributed from the distribution device 159 to the control circuit is "0", the control circuit reads the data from the memory in accordance with the line number designated in the first field. After that, in the second field, the repetitive reading of the pack data corresponding to the CM flag "0" is executed from the memory again at the timing matched with the line number. Also in this case, since the read address for reading the line data following each line header is stored in the read address memory in the control circuit, the repeated read is accurately executed.

Next, the processing when the EN flag in the line header data is "1" will be described. At this time, normally, "1" is also stored in the EN flag in the VAUX SOURCE pack, and , CLF in the line header pack as CLF code in this pack
Since the same code as the code is stored, the color frame of the sync signal generator 79 in FIG.
The control is performed so as to match the CLF code in the SOURCE pack.

When the CLF code in the line header pack does not match the CLF code in the VAUX SOURCE pack, the color frame of the sync signal generator 79 is the CLF in the VAUX SOURCE pack.
Control is performed to match the code. Exceptionally, the EN flag in the line header pack is "1" and the CL
F-code is valid and VAUX SOURCE
Only when the EN flag in the pack is "0", the color frame of the sync signal generator 79 is controlled so as to match the CLF code in the line header pack.

In FIG. 23, the DA conversion circuit 16
SW6 to SW8 provided on the input side of 6 to 168
Is for switching between the case where the line data is output as a digital signal and the case where it is output as an analog signal. The control circuit 160 controls the sampling frequency fr in the line header data to be 13.5 MHz and the quantization bit. When the number QU is 8 bits, the movable terminal of SW6 is tilted downward, and the control circuits 161 and 162 have fr of 13.5 / 4.
SW7 and SW8 when MHz and QU is 8 bits
Fold down the movable terminal of.

As a result, the pack data read from the memory is supplied as DY, DR, DB to the switching circuit 87 in FIG. 22 and is converted back to an analog signal in the DA conversion circuit 85. In addition to this, the control circuits 160 to 162
Indicates that fr in the line header data is “6”, that is,
Sampling in 4: 1: 1 format, and
Even when QU is 8 bits, the movable terminals of SW6 to SW8 are tilted downward.

For reference, a specific example of the line pack data string input to the line pack reproducing circuit will be given, and the contents of the data stored in the memories 153-158 at that time,
The contents of data stored in the line header data memory in the control circuits 160 to 165 will be described with reference to FIG. In this figure, [1] represents five line pack data strings input to the line pack reproducing circuit,
It is assumed that the lines are input to the line pack reproducing circuit in the order of (1) to (5). At this time, these line pack data are stored in the memories 153 to 153 as shown in [2] of FIG.
The data are stored in order from the first 8 addresses.

Further, each line header data of these line pack data series is stored in the line header data memory of each control circuit in order from the head address as shown in [3] of FIG. In each control circuit, the address to be read corresponding to each line header is stored in the read address in addition to the above, and the memories 153 to 153 are stored under the conditions specified in each line header.
The pack data corresponding to each line header is read from 158, and the DA conversion is performed.
For example, in [2] and [3] of this figure, the control circuit 160 controls the Y data of the line pack data string (1) by the data of the line header (A) and the line pack data by the data of the line header (B). Y in row (2)
Data is read from the Y memory of the line pack data string (4) by the data of the line header (D), and the DA conversion is executed sequentially.

6. Error Countermeasures in Digital Dubbing In the digital VTR of this embodiment, so-called digital dubbing of audio signals and image signals can be considered. In this case, it is possible to take error countermeasures by using the above-mentioned informationless item. . Finally, the error countermeasure by this item without information will be described.

Assuming that the digital dubbing is carried out under the condition that the transmission data amount is the minimum by, for example, the streaming method, the data to be actually transmitted is, for example, ID0, ID1 and the data part, that is, 2 bytes of SYNC data, IDP, C
It is the part excluding 1 and C2 parity. At this time, it is meaningless to write on the tape that the data is in error. Only increasing the errors to children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren makes it uncontrollable, and data that should have no errors should be sent. Moreover, if an error flag is additionally written, the tape format will be different.

Therefore, in this embodiment, the informationless item “11111111” is used. That is, when an unreproducible error occurs in the data in the pack during reproduction, the item code there is set to "11111111". As a result, "11111111" indicates an information-less pack, so that dubbing as it is causes no problem.

That is, on the receiving side, if the item code "1111111" is present in the main area of the reproduced pack.
If there is 1 ”, it is easy to see that it is an error pack. When data is present in the optional area, the error pack can be identified from the context of the data.
That is, when there is no data in the optional area, the item code “11111111” is originally included, so there is no problem.

As described above, a DF / F of 5 bytes at most may be used as a specific circuit for replacing the item code in the error portion with the item code without information. FIG. 28 shows an example of the circuit. This circuit will be described. In this figure, 8-bit data is input from the input terminal 0. This data is delayed by one pack with 8-bit DF / Fs of 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5. The error that occurred during this time is input from the input terminal 8 and R of 12
Set SF / F. This 12 RSF / F is given from the input 9 the slot of PC0 at the beginning of the pack,
The differentiating circuits 11a and 11b reset each pack.

On the other hand, the DF / F 13 with enable becomes valid by the PC4 slot signal from the input 10, and
The switches 6a and 6b are switched during the byte period. Therefore, at the time of error, the switch 6b becomes valid and 8-bit data “11111111” is output from the output 7.
When an error occurs not in the packed data as described above but in the data of the image signal or the audio signal, each signal is replaced with a specific error code.

For example, in a digital recording / reproducing apparatus for converting an image signal by a DCT compression system and an audio signal by a 48 kHz, 16-bit sampling system, an image signal DC component 0111111111 AC component 111101 audio signal 11111111111.
Replace with 11111. From the above, the item without information "11111
By applying "111" to a pack structure and a structure other than the pack structure, it is possible to easily change the tape format even with the digital dubbing method with the smallest circuit scale such as dubbing the data of the image signal and the audio signal. Can handle.

[0202]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION Even a signal of an arbitrary line of a television signal, particularly a signal of a line within a vertical blanking period, is encoded on the tape after being encoded according to the characteristic of this signal. Since it can be reproduced, it is convenient to use the image compression recording type digital VTR as a commercial VTR. When storing data in a pack, by expressing the total amount of data in units of bytes, it is possible to store the recording data also in the position of the item data of the pack, and it is possible to improve the utilization efficiency of the recording area.

The data content of the line to be recorded is
Information indicating whether or not the first field and the second field are the same is stored in the header pack and recorded on the tape, and the reproduced data of the line of the first field is first recorded based on this information when reproducing. The amount of recording data can be halved by using it as the data of the line of 2 fields.

[Brief description of drawings]

1] Line header, line Y pack, line R-
It is a figure which shows a Y pack and a line BY pack.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a line R pack, a line G pack, a line B pack, and a maker code pack.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a vertical blanking period.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a structure of an AAUX area for one frame.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a VAUX area for one track.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a pack structure of a VAUX area for one frame.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating types of packs recorded in a SUBCODE area.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining multiple writing of pack data in a SUBCODE area.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a memory map of a memory-in cassette.

FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining definition of a track format by APT.

FIG. 11 is a diagram illustrating a hierarchical structure of application IDs.

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a format on a track when an application ID is “000”.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a recording circuit of a digital VTR.

FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a pack data generation circuit.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a line pack generation circuit.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing a data recording pattern using a line pack.

FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating the contents of recording patterns, fr, and QU table.

FIG. 18 is a diagram illustrating contents of a recording area designation data memory and a header data memory.

FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating stored data in a line pack data memory.

FIG. 20: IC for VAUX 28, IC for AAUX 29,
3A and 3B are diagrams illustrating the structure of a SUBCODE IC 27.

FIG. 21 is a diagram showing a partial configuration of a reproducing circuit of a digital VTR.

FIG. 22 is a diagram showing the configuration of another portion of the playback circuit of the digital VTR.

FIG. 23 is a diagram showing a partial configuration of a line pack reproducing circuit.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing the configuration of another portion of the line pack reproducing circuit.

FIG. 25 is a diagram showing an operation flow of the line header data distribution device.

FIG. 26 is a diagram for explaining the data content of the line data memory in the line pack reproducing circuit and the storage content of the line header data memory in the control circuit.

FIG. 27 is a diagram showing a circuit configuration for replacing an item code of a pack with an informationless item when an error occurs.

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing a recording format of one track of a digital VTR.

FIG. 29 is a pre-sync block and a post-sync.
It is a figure which shows the structure of a block.

FIG. 30 is a diagram illustrating a framing format of AUDIO and a structure of 1SYNC block.

FIG. 31 is a diagram illustrating blocking of image data for one frame.

FIG. 32 is a diagram showing a framing format of VIDEO to which an error correction code is added.

FIG. 33 is a diagram showing a configuration of a VIDEO buffering unit, a 1SYNC block, and the like.

FIG. 34 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a SUBCODE area for one track.

FIG. 35 is a diagram illustrating a structure of an ID part of a SYNC block in an AUDIO area and a VIDEO area.

FIG. 36 is a diagram illustrating a structure of an ID part of a SYNC block in a SUBCODE area.

FIG. 37 is a diagram showing the basic structure of a pack.

FIG. 38 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a large item.

FIG. 39: CASSETTE ID pack, TAPE
It is a figure which shows the structure of a LENGTH pack, a TIMERREC DATE pack, a TIMER REC START / STOP pack, and a REC START POINT pack.

FIG. 40: TOPIC / PAGE HEADER pack, CONTROL TEXT HEADER pack,
CONTROL TEXT pack, TITLE TOT
ALTIME pack, TITLE REMAIN TI
It is a figure which shows the structure of ME pack.

FIG. 41 is a diagram illustrating a recording structure of text data.

FIG. 42: TITLE TIME CODE pack, T
ILE TIME CODEBINARY GROU
It is a figure which shows the structure of P pack, TITLE TEXT HEADER pack, and TITLE START pack.

FIG. 43: TITLE END pack, PROGRAM
It is a figure which shows the structure of an END pack and a PART NUMBER pack.

FIG. 44: AAUX SOURCE Pack, AAUX
SOURCE CONTROL pack, AAUX RE
C DATE pack, AAUX REC TIME pack, AAUX REC TIME BINARY GR
It is a figure which shows the structure of an OUP pack.

FIG. 45: AAUX CLOSED CAPTION pack, VAUX SOURCE pack, VAUX SO
URE CONTROL pack, VAUX REC
It is a figure which shows the structure of a DATE pack and a VAUX REC TIME pack.

FIG. 46: VAUX REC TIME BINARY
GROUP pack, CLOSED CAPTION pack, CONSUMER CAMERA 1 pack, CO
It is a figure which shows the structure of NSUMER CAMERA2 pack and LENS pack.

FIG. 47: GAIN pack, PEDESTAL pack,
GAMMA pack, DETAIL pack, SHUTTE
It is a figure which shows the structure of R pack.

FIG. 48: KNEE pack, FLARE pack, SHA
It is a figure which shows the structure of DING-1 pack and SHADING-2 pack.

[Explanation of symbols]

LINES ... Sampling line number, TSD ... Total number of samples, fr ... Sampling frequency code, Q
U ... Quantization bit number code, CLF ... Color frame code, 22 ... Mode processing microcomputer, 26 ... Signal processing microcomputer, 27, 89 ... SUBCODE IC,
28,88 ... IC for VAUX, 29, 90 ... AAU
IC for X, 111 ... Line pack reproducing circuit, 114
... line pack generation management microcomputer, 146 ... line pack generation circuit, 150 ... write protection control circuit, 152 ...
Line header memory, 153-158 ... Line data memory, 159 ... Line header data distribution device,
160 to 165 ... Control circuit, 172 ... Write control circuit, 176-181 ... Error correction circuit,

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A digital image / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus for encoding and recording / reproducing an image signal and an audio signal, comprising a recording format including an image signal recording area, an audio signal recording area and an accompanying information recording area. The accompanying information recording area has a structure including a header pack and a pack subsequent to the header pack, and further includes line designation data for designating an arbitrary line in an image signal and parameters relating to signal coding. Means for recording in a header pack and recording an output obtained by encoding a signal of a line of an image signal designated by the line designation data based on the parameter in a pack subsequent to the header pack. A digital video / audio signal recording / reproducing device. 2. The header pack has an area for storing information indicating whether or not the data content of the line designated by the line designation data is the same in the first field and the second field. The digital video / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 1. 3. An apparatus for extracting line designation data and a parameter for encoding a signal from a reproduced header pack, and the header pack based on the extracted line designation data and a parameter for encoding a signal. 3. A digital video / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a decoding device for decoding the original signal from the data recorded in the pack following the pack. 4. The content of information indicating whether or not the data content of the line designated by the line designation data is the same in the first field and the second field is identified based on the reproduced data of the header pack. And the identifying device identifies that the data content of the designated line is the same in the first field and the second field, the signal of the designated line of the first field obtained from the decoding device is 4. The digital video / audio signal recording / reproducing apparatus according to claim 3, further comprising a device for reusing the designated line of two fields. 5. An image signal and an audio signal are encoded and recorded and reproduced in an image signal recording area and an audio signal recording area, respectively, and a signal of an arbitrary line within a vertical blanking period of the image signal is attached as ancillary information. In a digital video / audio signal recording / reproducing method for recording and reproducing in an information recording area, the accompanying information is composed of a header pack and a pack subsequent to the header pack, and within the vertical blanking period of the image signal. In the header pack, a parameter relating to line designation data designating an arbitrary line and a signal is recorded in the header pack, and an output obtained by encoding a signal of a line designated by the line designation data based on the parameter is the output. Characterized by being recorded in a pack following the header pack Ijitaru image and audio signal recording and reproducing method.