JP3408024B2 - Desiccant air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a desiccant-type air conditioner which exchanges heat between air supply and exhaust when taking in outside air into a room and transfers water.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known an air-conditioning system in which a desiccant (hygroscopic material) is used to take in outside air to perform dehumidification during cooling and humidification during heating. FIG. 1 shows the structure, in which one of both passages A and B formed by dividing the housing by a partition wall 3 allows air supply to the room and the other exhaust gas from the room to pass in opposite directions. As shown in FIG. 7B, the rotary drum-shaped rotors 4 and 5 having a honeycomb structure having air permeability in the axial direction are further combined with the rotor 9 when heating is also performed.
Through the partition wall 3 so as to block both passages A, B, and the rotor 4 for absorbing and releasing moisture has silica gel on the surface of the honeycomb body.
A hygroscopic agent such as activated carbon is applied or adhered by surface treatment, a thin metal plate such as aluminum foil or a heat storage material such as ceramic is used for the rotor 4 (and 9) for heat exchange, and a passage on the exhaust side is further used. In B, the humidifier 7 is installed on the inflow side, that is, on the indoor side of the heat exchange rotor 5, and
A heater 6 for air drying is provided therebetween, and a heater 8 for heating is provided between the moisture absorption / desorption rotor 4 and the heat exchange rotor 9 in the air supply passage B for heating.

In the desiccant type air conditioner configured as described above, when cooling, that is, when the room is separately cooled by the air conditioner, high temperature air flows into the air supply passage B from the outside and the exhaust air passage A enters. The cold exhaust air from the room flows into the room. This exhaust gas is humidified by the humidifier 7, then heat-exchanged with the air supplied from the outside by the heat exchanger 5 for cooling to raise its temperature, and further heated by the heater 6 for drying, and then the rotor 4 for absorbing and desorbing moisture. The moisture absorbent is dehydrated. At this time, the humidifier 7 acts to increase the amount of heat exchange with the air supply in the heat exchange rotor 5 by increasing the humidity of the low-humidity exhaust air from the room and lowering the temperature thereof, and the humidifier 7 is used for drying. The heater 6 absorbs heat from the supply air by the heat exchange rotor 5 and further raises the temperature of the exhaust gas whose temperature has risen, thereby lowering the relative humidity thereof. It acts to increase the amount of water used. In this way, the high-temperature and high-humidity air supplied from the outside is first dehumidified by the moisture absorbing / releasing rotor 4, and then cooled by the cooling heat exchange rotor 5.

[0004]

When the desiccant type air conditioner configured as described above is operated during cooling, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 5, the temperature T and the humidity (dew point temperature) D of the outside air are changed. In the area B (including the area D) where the dry-bulb temperature T or the dew point temperature D exceeds the set value (for example, T = 26 ° C., D = 16.5 ° C.), the dehumidifying mode is controlled and the temperature T
And in the area B where the dew point D is less than or equal to the above set value, the fans 1, 2
I was operating in a ventilation mode where only the outside air was taken in and only the outside air was taken in. In the figure, C is an area in which the operation is performed in the heating mode. However, even in the summer, not only when the humidity is high, but also when the temperature is high but the humidity is relatively low, the drying heater 6 and the moisture absorbing / releasing rotor 4 similarly in such a case (region D). Is driving
Energy such as heat quantity and electric power will be wasted. In view of the above points, the present invention is an energy-saving desiccant type in which running costs can be reduced by eliminating unnecessary operation of the drying heater 6 and the moisture absorption / desorption rotor 4 when unnecessary. The purpose is to provide an air conditioner.

[0005]

As shown in FIG. 1, a desiccant type air conditioner according to the present invention has an exhaust passage A and an air supply passage B in which fans 1 and 2 are provided in directions opposite to each other via a partition wall 3. Both adjacent to each other, and a moisture absorbing / releasing rotor 4 made of a hygroscopic porous body is provided on the indoor side, and a cooling heat exchange rotor 5 made of a heat storing porous body is provided on the outdoor side through the partition wall 3 and both passages A. , B, and a desiccant type air conditioner in which a drying heater 6 is provided between the rotors 4 and 5 in the exhaust passage A and a humidifier 7 is provided upstream of the cooling heat exchange rotor 5 in the exhaust passage A, The temperature T of the outside air and the dew point D were measured, and the result is shown in FIG.
, The dew point D has a constant value (for example, D = 16.5).
If the temperature is higher than (° C.) (region a), control is performed in a dehumidifying mode in which both rotors 4, 5 and the drying heater 6 and the humidifier 7 are operated to bring the dew point D close to the target value, and the dew point D becomes the above-mentioned constant value 1
Temperature T is a constant value (eg T = 26 ° C.) below 6.5 ° C.)
In the above case (region D), the drying heater 6 and the moisture absorbing / releasing rotor 4 are stopped, and control is performed in the heat exchange mode in which the temperature approaches the target value (26 ° C. or less), and the temperature T and the dew point D are When the above-mentioned constant values (T = 26 ° C., D = 16.5 ° C.) or less (region B), control is performed in a ventilation mode in which only fans 1 and 2 are operated (claim 1), or FIG.
As shown in (b), when the dew point D is a constant value (T = 26 ° C.) or more (region A), both rotors 4 and 5, the heater 6 and the humidifier 7 are operated to set the dew point D to the target value. (D = 16.5
Control in a dehumidifying mode approaching (° C), and when the temperature T and dew point D are below the above-mentioned constant values (region B), control is performed in the ventilation mode in which only the fan is operated, and the dew point D is above the above-mentioned constant value. When the temperature T is equal to or lower than (16.5 ° C.) and equal to or higher than the constant value (26 ° C.) (region d), the enthalpy i calculated from the temperature and humidity of the outside air is a constant value (for example, i
= 13.3 Kcal / Kg) or more, the control is performed in the dehumidification mode, and in the following cases, the control is performed in the ventilation mode (claim 2).

[0006]

In the prior art, as shown in FIG. 5, both rotors 4 and 5 were uniformly operated when the temperature exceeded a certain value (region D) even when the outside air was relatively low in humidity. In this region, since the moisture contained in the supply air is small, the moisture absorption / desorption rotor 4 exchanges less moisture, and therefore the moisture absorption / desorption rotor 4 and the drying heater 6 in the preceding step are mostly used. I didn't do it. Therefore, in the invention of claim 1, as shown in FIG. 2 (a), when the humidity of the outside air is low (region D), the drying heater 6 is stopped and only heat exchange is performed, thus wasting energy. Is to prevent. However, since the control mode is increased by one for that purpose, the invention of claim 2 is, as a suboptimal measure, intended to prevent energy loss as much as possible by simple control and to keep moist air in the room. When it is taken in, the higher the temperature when the humidity is the same and the higher the humidity when the temperature is the same, the larger the load on the air conditioner becomes, and at the same time, the person feels discomfort. 2B, a region corresponding to the heat exchange mode is divided into a dehumidifying mode region and a ventilation mode region with a constant curve as a boundary.

[0007]

FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of the operation of the above desiccant type air conditioner. When the outside air is in the state of the area B in FIG. 2A, that is, the humidity T is the set value (16.
In the dehumidification mode region higher than 5 ° C),
As shown in (a), when the outside air b1 of high temperature and high humidity is sent to the air supply passage B and the cool air a1 that is conditioned from the indoor side is sent to the exhaust passage A, the exhaust air A is temporarily discharged by the humidifier 7. After being cooled by humidification and reaching a2, the heat exchange rotor 5 receives heat from the high temperature outside air to raise the temperature to a3, and is further heated to a4 by the drying heater 6,
The moisture absorbing / releasing rotor 4 receives moisture from the supply air to reach a5. On the other hand, the outside air b1 of high temperature and high humidity first receives the moisture absorption / desorption rotor 4
After being dehumidified to b2 along a curve with a slight slope from the isenthalpic line (because heat is also transferred), it is cooled to b3 by the heat exchange rotor 5 and supplied to the room as low-temperature low-humidity air. It At this time, a2 → a3 and b2 →
Since b3 is heat-exchanged without water exchange, the sizes are almost equal and parallel to the temperature axis and opposite to each other. Also, a4 → a5 and b1 → b2 are both water exchange and conversion of latent heat and sensible heat. Since they are performed, they are in opposite directions and the sizes are almost the same.

Next, when the outside air is in the state of area D in FIG. 2A, that is, the dew point D of the outside air is a constant value (the above 16.5).
(° C) or lower and the temperature T is a constant value (for example, 26 ° C) or higher, as shown in Fig. 3 (b), humidify the indoor air in the state of a1 to a2, and then The heat exchange rotor 5 causes heat exchange between the exhaust gas a2 → a3 and the supply air b1 → b2, that is, the dew point D is set to a target value (for example, 1
The heat exchange mode control is performed so as to approach the temperature (0.5 ° C.) to supply the supply air b2 into the room. At this time, if both rotors 4 and 5 are driven by one drive system, it is not necessary to stop the moisture absorption / desorption rotor 4. In this area d, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 5, if the outside air is at high temperature, the drying heater 6 and the moisture absorbing / releasing rotor 4 are operated even if the humidity is low. Since the amount of moisture contained is small, the moisture absorption / desorption rotor 4 transmits and receives little moisture, and therefore the drying heater 6 did not exhibit its original function. According to the present invention (claim 1), As described above, when the humidity of the outside air is low (region D), the moisture absorption / release rotor 4 and the drying heater 6 are stopped and only heat exchange is performed, thereby preventing waste of energy. Is. In FIG. 3 (b), the humidification process a1 → a2 is necessary to lower the temperature of the exhaust gas and secure a heat exchange amount a2 → a3 with the supply air. The dew point and temperature are the above-mentioned constant values (T = 26 ° C., D = 16.5).
In the case of (° C.) or less (region B), the control is performed in the ventilation mode in which only the fans 1 and 2 are operated, as in the conventional method of FIG.

In the present embodiment, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 1, in the air supply passage B from the outside, the heating heater 8 is provided upstream of the moisture absorption / desorption rotor 4, and the heating is provided outside the same. 2A and 2B, the temperature T and the dew point D of the outside air are constant values (for example, T = 22 ° C. and D = 8). 0.5 ° C) or lower, the humidifier 7, the moisture absorbing / releasing rotor 4, the heating heater 8
Also, the heating heat exchange rotor 9 is operated to perform control in a heating mode in which the dew point D approaches a target value (for example, D = 10.5 ° C.). FIG. 4 (a) shows the operation state when the heating is started, and FIG. 4 (b) shows the operation state when the heating is stationary. The humidifier 7 is normally operated only at startup (a1 → a2 in the figure) and is stopped after the indoor humidity reaches a set value. In this way, rather than performing humidification in the low temperature air supply passage B, humidification is performed on the warm exhaust air from the room in the high temperature side exhaust passage A, so that a sufficient amount of humidification can be secured, This is through the moisture absorption / desorption rotor 4,
Since the heated and dried air is transmitted, the air can be sufficiently humidified. In this way, the cold air supply b1 from the outside receives heat from the exhaust gas in the heat exchange rotor 9 and rises in temperature to b2, and is further heated to b3 by the heater 8, and then the moisture absorption / desorption rotor 4 receives moisture from the exhaust gas. It is humidified up to b4, and warm and moderately moist air is supplied to the room. The heating heat exchange rotor 9 is for improving the heat recovery efficiency and can be omitted. Further, in order to improve heat exchange efficiency, the moisture absorption / desorption rotor 4 and the heat exchange rotor 5 or 9 rotate in opposite directions during cooling and heating.

FIG. 2 (b) shows another embodiment (claim 2) of the present invention, which simplifies the control by reducing the number of control modes as compared with the embodiment of FIG. 2 (a). It is intended to be. In the present embodiment, in the dehumidifying mode, that is, when the dew point D is a constant value (T = 26 ° C.) or more (region A), both rotors 4, 5 and the drying heater 6 and the humidifier 7 are operated to make the dew point D Is controlled so as to approach the target value (D = 10.5 ° C.), and when the ventilation mode, that is, the temperature T and the dew point D are below the above-mentioned constant values (region B), only the fans 1 and 2 are operated. The point that the control is performed is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, but the region (d) corresponding to the heat exchange mode of FIG. 2A, that is, the dew point D is equal to or less than the above constant value (16.5 ° C.). When the temperature T is equal to or higher than the above constant value (26 ° C.), the enthalpy i is constant (for example, i = 13.3 Kcal /
Kg) is taken as a boundary, and the upper part of the curve enters the dehumidification mode region, and the lower part of the curve enters the ventilation mode region. That is, the enthalpy i calculated from the temperature and humidity of the outside air is the above-mentioned constant value (13.3 Kcal /
Kg) or more, even if the dew point temperature D is 16.5.
Even if the temperature is lower than 0 ° C, the control is performed in the dehumidification mode, and when the enthalpy i is equal to or less than the above constant value (13.3 Kcal / Kg), the control is performed in the ventilation mode. Generally, when the humid air in the summer is taken in the room, the higher the temperature is at the same humidity and the higher the temperature is at the same temperature, the larger the load on the air conditioner, and at the same time, the person feels uncomfortable.
Therefore, in abolishing the heat exchange mode (region D) of FIG. 2A and simplifying the control, as shown in FIG. 2B, the enthalpy i that is the total energy of the moist air has a constant curve (for example, i = 13.3 Kcal / Kg) is divided into a dehumidification mode region and a ventilation mode region. The water-cooled cooler 10 shown by the broken line in FIG.
Is attached when it is desired to further lower the temperature of the supply air blown into the room.

[0011]

As described above, according to the invention of claim 1,
When the outside air is high in temperature and relatively low in humidity during cooling, the drying heater 6 is stopped so that only heat exchange is performed. Therefore, although water is hardly exchanged, There is an advantage in that it is possible to prevent waste of energy by operating the moisture absorbing / releasing rotor 4 and the drying heater 6 unnecessarily, and according to the invention of claim 2, the outside air has high temperature and low humidity. Since the area is divided into the dehumidification mode area and the ventilation mode area with the isenthalpic curve as the boundary, it is possible to minimize the energy loss with simple control and to perform the control that matches the indoor air conditioning load and sensation. There is an advantage.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1A is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of an air conditioner of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a perspective view of a main part thereof.

FIG. 2 (a) is an operation explanatory view of the first embodiment of the present invention,
FIG. 6B is an operation explanatory view of the second embodiment of the present invention.

3 (a) and 3 (b) are explanatory views of the operating state of the air conditioner of the present invention during cooling.

4 (a) and 4 (b) are explanatory views of the operating state of the air conditioner of the present invention during heating.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory diagram of a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

One or two fans 3 partition walls 4 moisture absorption and desorption rotor 5 Cooling heat exchange rotor 6 Drying heater 7 humidifier 8 Heating heater 9 Heat exchange rotor for heating 10 Water-cooled cooler

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Yasutoshi Yoshida 1-4-5 Minamimorimachi, Kita-ku, Osaka Shinko Industry Co., Ltd. (56) Reference JP-A-8-14600 (JP, A) JP JP 59-231340 (JP, A) JP 6-321 (JP, A) JP 63-17332 (JP, A) JP 63-131940 (JP, A) JP 7-27399 (JP , A) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-221618 (JP, A) SAI 47-20055 (JP, U) (58) Fields investigated (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F24F 3/147 F24F 3/00 F24F 11/02 102 F24F 6/00

Claims (5)

(57) [Claims] 1. A moisture absorption / desorption rotor having ventilation and hygroscopicity on the outdoor side and an air permeability on the indoor side, wherein an exhaust passage and a supply passage provided with fans in opposite directions are adjacent to each other via a partition wall. Cooling heat exchange rotors having heat storage properties are respectively provided so as to penetrate the partition wall to block both passages, and further, in the exhaust passage, a drying heater is provided between the rotors and an upstream side of the cooling heat exchange rotor. In a desiccant type air conditioner that is equipped with a humidifier, measure the temperature and dew point (or humidity, the same below) of the outside air during cooling, and if the dew point is above a certain value, install both rotors and the above heater and humidifier. Operate in dehumidification mode to bring the dew point closer to the target value, and when the dew point is below the certain value and the temperature is above the certain value, operate the cooling heat exchange rotor and humidifier and stop the drying heater. And then target the temperature A desiccant type air conditioner configured to perform control in a heat exchange mode approaching a value, and to perform control in a ventilation mode in which only a fan is operated when the dew point and temperature are below the above-mentioned fixed values. 2. An exhaust passage and a supply passage, which are provided with fans in opposite directions to each other, are adjacent to each other through a partition wall, and a moisture absorbing / releasing rotor having air permeability and hygroscopicity is provided on the outdoor side and air permeability is provided on the indoor side. Cooling heat exchange rotors having heat storage properties are respectively provided so as to penetrate the partition wall to block both passages, and further, in the exhaust passage, a drying heater is provided between the rotors and an upstream side of the cooling heat exchange rotor. In a desiccant type air conditioner equipped with a humidifier, measure the temperature and dew point of the outside air during cooling, and if the dew point is above a certain value, operate both rotors and the above heater and humidifier to set the dew point as the target value. When the dew point is below the certain value and the temperature is above the certain value, the cooling heat exchange rotor and the humidifier are operated and the drying heater is stopped to set the temperature to the target value. In heat exchange mode When the dew point and temperature are below the above-mentioned fixed values, in a desiccant type air conditioner that controls only the fan when the dew point and temperature are below the above-specified values, when the dew point is below the above-mentioned fixed value and the temperature is above the above-specified value Has
A desiccant type air conditioner configured to perform control in a dehumidifying mode when the enthalpy calculated from the temperature and humidity of the outside air is a certain value or more and in a ventilation mode when the enthalpy is less than a certain value. 3. A water cooling type cooler is provided on the indoor side of the cooling heat exchanger in the air supply passage, and this water cooling type cooler is also operated in the dehumidification mode or the heat exchange mode. The desiccant type air conditioner according to 1 or 2. 4. A heating heater is provided on the upstream side of the moisture absorption / desorption rotor in the air supply passage, and the moisture absorption / desorption rotor, the humidifier and the heating heater are provided when the temperature and the dew point of the outside air are below a certain value. The desiccant type air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the desiccant air conditioner is controlled by operating the heating mode so that the dew point approaches a target value. 5. A heating heat exchange rotor having a structure similar to that of the cooling heat exchange rotor is provided outside the heating heater, and the heating heat exchange rotor is also operated in the heating mode. The desiccant type air conditioner according to claim 4, which comprises: