JP3265524B2 - Desiccant air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a so-called desiccant type air conditioner for exchanging heat between supply air and exhaust air and for transferring moisture during ventilation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an air conditioning system using a desiccant (hygroscopic material) for cooling and heating is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-301.
No. 014 and the like. FIG. 8 shows the structure, in which supply air is passed through one of two passages A and B formed by dividing the cylindrical housing 1 by a partition wall 2 and exhaust gas is passed through the other in the opposite direction. As shown in b), rotating drums 3 and 4 having a honeycomb structure having air permeability in the axial direction are penetrated at two places of the partition wall 2 so as to block both passages A and B,
A desiccant such as silica gel or activated carbon is applied to the surface of the honeycomb body or adhered to the surface of the honeycomb body by a surface treatment, and a heat storage body such as a thin metal plate such as an aluminum foil or a ceramic is applied to the heat exchange drum 4. Use
Further, in the passage B on the low temperature side, a humidifier 5 is provided on the inflow side, that is, outside the heat exchange drum 4, and a heater 6 is provided between the two drums 3, 4.

In the configuration shown in FIG. 8 (a), during cooling operation, hot supply air (outside air) flows into the high-temperature side passage B from outside, and cold air-conditioned air flows from the indoor side into the low-temperature side passage A. After the exhaust gas is humidified and cooled by the humidifier 8, the heat exchange drum 4 exchanges heat with outdoor air supply to increase the temperature,
After being further heated by the heater 6, the moisture absorption / release drum 3
Dehydration of the adsorbent. Therefore, the high-temperature and high-humidity supply air from the outside is first dehumidified by the moisture absorption / release drum 3 and then cooled by the heat exchange drum 4. As described above, the desiccant type air conditioner has an advantage that it can perform both the cooling of the supply air and the dehumidification, as well as the exhaust passage B, as compared with the air conditioner that simply exchanges heat between the supply air and the exhaust air. Since the humidifier 5 provided on the inlet side of the heat traps the vaporization heat from the exhaust gas and raises the temperature, the heat exchange efficiency in the heat exchange drum 4 is improved,
Further, by sufficiently drying with the heater 6, the dehumidifying effect of the supply and exhaust air by the moisture absorbing and releasing drum 3 can be enhanced.

Next, during a heating operation, as shown in FIG. 8 (b), the operation is performed by switching between supply and exhaust ducts connected to both ends of the housing 1. At this time, the humidifier 8 does not normally operate because the operation does not have any effect as described later. In the figure, warm exhaust gas flows into the high-temperature side passage B from the indoor side, and cold supply air flows into the low-temperature side passage A from outside. The supply air receives heat from the exhaust gas at the heat exchange drum 4 and rises in temperature. The air is further heated by the heater 6 and then humidified by the moisture absorption / release drum 3 receiving moisture from the exhaust gas. As described above, according to the desiccant method, even during heating, it is possible to heat the air supplied to the room and humidify the room, and there is an advantage that high-quality heating can be obtained.

[0005]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional configuration, since the flow direction of the supply and exhaust air must be switched between the cooling operation and the heating operation, the supply and exhaust piping becomes complicated and large. There is a drawback, and as a countermeasure, a method of rotating the housing 1 by 180 degrees has been considered (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-321). The pipes for cold water, hot water, or fuel gas to and from the heater 5 and the heater 6 also need to be attached and detached, resulting in a problem that the operation becomes complicated. In addition, when the heating is started, the humidification amount is likely to be insufficient because the room is dry, and the temperature and the humidity cannot be controlled independently of each other even during the steady operation, so that there is a problem that fine air conditioning cannot be performed. In view of the above-described problems, the present invention does not require switching of supply / exhaust piping and rotation of the main body, has a simple structure and is easy to handle, and can control room temperature and humidity independently of each other. It is an object of the present invention to provide a desiccant type air conditioner of this kind.

[0006]

As shown in FIG. 1, in a desiccant air conditioner according to the present invention, an exhaust passage A and an air supply passage B, which are opposite to each other, are adjacent to each other with a partition wall 2 therebetween. A moisture absorbing / desorbing means 3 for moving moisture from a high humidity side to a low humidity side by alternately exposing the moisture absorbing material to A and B is provided, and a heat medium or a heat storage body is provided on both sides of the moisture absorbing / desorbing means 3. Heat exchange means 4 and 5 for transferring heat from the high temperature side to the low temperature side by moving between the passages A and B are provided. Heaters 6 and 7 are provided between the heat exchanger and the drum 3, and a humidifier 8 is provided upstream of the heat exchange means 4 in the exhaust passage A. As shown in FIG. 3. Operate the indoor heat exchange means 4, the heater 6 and the humidifier 8 in the exhaust passage A, and As shown in FIG. 2 (b), Moisture means 3, heat exchange means 5 of the outdoor side, in which so as to operate the heater 7 and the humidifier 8 of the supply passage B. FIG. 2
In (a) and (b), the operated devices are indicated by solid lines, and the devices that are not used and are stopped are indicated by dotted lines.

[0007]

In the above-described configuration, FIG.
As shown by the solid line in (a), the outdoor heat exchange means 5 and the heater 7 in the air supply passage B are stopped, and the moisture absorption / release means 3, the indoor heat exchange means 4, and the heating of the exhaust passage A are heated. Vessel 6 and humidifier 8
Only the operation is performed, and the ventilation fans 9 and 10 send hot outdoor air to the air supply passage B and cool air conditioned from the room side to the exhaust passage A.
After the exhaust gas is humidified and cooled by the humidifier 8, the heat exchange drum 4
To receive heat from the hot air supply from outside and raise the temperature,
After being further heated by the heater 6, the moisture absorbing / desorbing means 3 dries the moisture absorbing material to receive moisture from the supply air. Therefore, the high-temperature and high-humidity supply air from the outside is first dehumidified by the moisture absorbing / desorbing means 3 and then cooled by the heat exchange means 4.
It will be supplied indoors as low-temperature, low-humidity air.

Next, during the heating operation, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 2 (b), the indoor heat exchange means 4 and the heater 6 in the exhaust passage A are stopped, and the moisture absorption / desorption means 3, the heat outside The operation is performed only by the replacement drum 5, the heater 7 and the humidifier 8 in the air supply passage B. The humidifier 8 is normally operated only at the time of startup, and is stopped after the indoor humidity reaches a steady state. In the figure, cool air flows into the air supply passage B from outside,
Warm air that has been air-conditioned flows into the exhaust passage A from the room, but the cold supply air receives heat from the exhaust gas by the heat exchange means 5, rises in temperature, and is further heated by the heater 7. Receives moisture from the exhaust and is humidified. In this way, warm and moderately moist air is supplied to the room. As described above, according to the configuration of the present invention, only one heat exchange means 5 and one heater 7 are added to the conventional desiccant air conditioner as shown in FIG. Alternatively, switching between cooling and heating can be performed without rotating the air conditioner body 1.

In the early stage of the heating operation, since the room is dry, in the conventional system as shown in FIG. 8B, a small amount of water moves from the exhaust to the air supply, and the room humidity is not easily set. However, according to the configuration of the present invention, the air supply can be efficiently humidified through the moisture absorbing and releasing means 3 by operating the humidifier 8 at the beginning of heating. Of course, in the conventional configuration of FIG. 8B as well, it is theoretically possible to humidify the air supply by operating the humidifier 8 in the low-temperature side passage A. Even if humidification is performed to remove heat of vaporization, there is almost no effect. In this respect, in the configuration of the present invention, the exhaust passage A on the high temperature side is used.
Humidifies warm exhaust air from the room, so that a sufficient amount of humidification can be secured, and this is transmitted to the heated and dried air supply through the moisture absorption / release means 3, so that the air supply is sufficiently humidified. You can do it.

[0010]

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 (b), the moisture absorbing / desorbing means 3 and the heat exchanging means 4 and 5 are all porous bodies having a honeycomb structure. 11 are provided so as to penetrate the partition wall 2 and block both passages. A moisture absorbing material such as silica gel or activated carbon is applied to the inner surface of the ventilation hole of the moisture absorbing / releasing drum 3 by means of coating, chemical treatment or the like.
It is rotationally driven at a speed of about once a minute. The heat exchange drums 4 and 5 are made of a porous honeycomb body made of aluminum foil and are driven to rotate at a speed of about ten or more times per minute. Board 1
2 to divide it into a plurality of sections.
When the heat exchange drum is stopped, the two passages A, B
Heat leakage can be prevented. The porous body 11
Is made of ceramic, the rotational speed of the drum may be about several times per minute. Further, the housing 1 does not necessarily have to be cylindrical, and it is sufficient that the cross section of each of the passages A and B at least at the portions of the rotating drums 3, 4, and 5 has a half-moon shape.
The structure of the heat exchanging means 4 and 5 is not limited to a drum. For example, the heat medium may be circulated between the two paths A and B by a finned coil. Heaters 6, 7
May be formed by a coil to which hot water is supplied from a gas water heater, or may be formed by using a direct fire of a gas burner or an electric heat heater. The humidifier 8 sprays tap water with a sprayer.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the cooling operation of the present invention, that is, FIG.
Is an aerial diagram showing an operation example according to the above configuration, in which the horizontal axis is dry bulb temperature, the vertical axis is absolute humidity, and S is a saturation curve. Room air is in A1 condition (for example, 27 ° C, absolute humidity 11g / kg)
(Relative humidity 50%)) and enters the exhaust passage A of the air conditioner, and the humidifier 8 is in the state of A2 (20.3 ° C., 13.7 g / 2 g (9
0%)), heat exchange with the air supply in the state of B2 to reach the state of A3, and further heat the heater 6 to A4 (8%).
(0 ° C., 13.7 g / kg). At this time, the change A2 → A3 → A4 of the exhaust A and the change B2 → B3 of the air supply B are as follows.
Since there is no moisture in and out, the direction is parallel and opposite to the horizontal axis, and A2
→ A3 and B2 → B3 are equal in length. Next, this hot exhaust A4
To the outside air B1 having a high relative humidity (for example, 30 ° C., 16 g / k)
g (60%)), moisture is transferred through the moisture absorption / release drum 3. At this time, the change A4 → A5 of the exhaust A and the change B3 → B4 of the supply air B are less inflow and outflow of heat, so that they are oppositely parallel with a slightly gentler slope than the adiabatic change, and the amount of absorbed moisture and the amount of released moisture are smaller. Since they are equal, they have almost the same length. The temperature and humidity conditions of the air supplied to the room can be adjusted by the amount of heating in the heater 6.

Next, FIG. 4 shows the state of heating according to the present invention, that is, FIG.
In the configuration of (b), an example of operation when the indoor temperature and humidity reach a steady state (22 ° C., 6.6 g (40%)) and the humidifier 8 is stopped is shown. The indoor air is now A1 (15 ° C, absolute humidity 5g / kg (relative humidity 4
7.5%)), and the outside air was B1 (5 ° C., 3.7 g / kg (70
%)), And set the value of air supplied to the room to B4
(32 ° C., 8.0 g / kg (40%)), the outside air entering the air supply passage B is heated by the heat exchange drum 5
B2, which was further heated by heater 7 to B3 (47 ° C, 3.7 g
/ Kg (6%)). The supply air of B3 is supplied to the exhaust air A1 (22
6.6 g / kg (40%)).
The temperature is reduced by the heat of vaporization, and is supplied indoors in the state of B4.

FIG. 5 shows the operation when the humidifier 8 is not operated at the time of heating up.
(15 ° C, 5g / kg (47.5%)), B1 (5
℃, 3.7 g (70%)), and when the temperature of the air supplied to the room is set to 32 ° C., the room temperature (15 ° C.) at the start-up is lower than that at the steady state (22 ° C.). Therefore, the amount of moisture transferred by the moisture absorption / release drum 3 is 3.6 g, which is smaller than 4.3 g in the case of FIG. 3B, and the humidification amount of the air B4 supplied to the room is insufficient. Therefore, the indoor humidity does not easily reach the set value (40%).

FIG. 6 shows the operation when the humidifier 8 is operated at the time of heating startup.
Indoor: A1 (15 ° C, 5g / kg), outdoor: B1 (5 ° C, 5g / kg)
3.7 g (70%)), and the temperature of the air supplied into the room is set to 32 ° C. The air A1 entering the exhaust passage A from the room is first humidified by the humidifier 8 and is in the state of A2 (10 ° C.,
7.0 g / kg), and B3 (52 ° C., 3.
7%) is exchanged between the air and the moisture in the air supply passage B heated up to 7%).
5.8g compared to g, as a result, 32 ℃ into the room
, The humidity of the air supplied to the room can be as high as 9.5 g / kg, and the humidity in the room can be brought closer to the set value as soon as possible.

In FIG. 6, if the amount of water sprayed on the humidifier 8 is turned on / off or proportionally controlled, the length of A1 → A2 can be changed arbitrarily, whereby the humidity in the room can be controlled. Further, by controlling the heating amount of the heater 7, it is possible to control the room temperature by arbitrarily changing the length of B2 → B3. FIG. 7 shows the state, and the arrow A indicates the state of the air supply B when the heater 7 is controlled.
B4 indicates a change, and arrow B indicates a change in the state B4 when the humidifier 8 is controlled.

[0016]

According to the desiccant type air conditioner of the present invention, the air supply / exhaust pipe is switched or the main body of the equipment is moved 180 degrees as in the prior art.
Even if it does not rotate, it is possible to switch between cooling and heating by stopping one of the two sets of heat exchange means and the heater, so that handling becomes extremely simple,
This can be realized with a very simple configuration in which one heat exchange means 5 and one heater 7 are added, so that the cost can be greatly reduced, and the amount of humidification during heating can be adjusted. Can be set arbitrarily, so that the humidification insufficiency at the start of heating can be eliminated, and the temperature and humidity in the room can be controlled independently of each other. Yes,
Further, since the humidification during heating is performed through condensation and evaporation in the moisture absorbing / desorbing means 3, the moisture absorbing / desorbing means acts as a filter and sprays water directly to air circulated indoors. The chlorine and calcium in tap water, which could not be avoided, can be prevented from being mixed into the air, and the odor component in the exhaust gas has no risk of being mixed into the air supply side.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the present invention,
(B) is a perspective view of a main part of the above.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are schematic cross-sectional views showing a use state of the above.

FIG. 3 is an air diagram showing an operation of the air conditioner according to the present invention during a cooling operation.

FIG. 4 is an air diagram showing an operation during a heating operation of the above.

FIG. 5 is an air diagram showing a state in which the humidifier is stopped at the time of starting heating as in the above.

FIG. 6 is an air diagram showing a state in which the humidifier is operated at the time of heating up according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is an aerial diagram showing a state when set values of temperature and humidity are changed.

8A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a conventional example, and FIG. 8B is a schematic cross-sectional view showing one mode of use of the above.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body or cylindrical housing 2 Partition wall 3 Moisture absorption / desorption means or moisture absorption / desorption drum 4,5 Heat exchange means or heat exchange drum 6,7 Heater 8 Humidifier 9,10 Ventilation fan 11 Porous body 12 Separator

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuation of front page (56) References JP-A-6-321 (JP, A) JP-A-5-301014 (JP, A) JP-A-51-127554 (JP, A) JP-A-53-127 109250 (JP, A) JP-A-6-221618 (JP, A) JP-A-4-177030 (JP, A) JP-A-54-5870 (JP, U) JP-A-54-4468 (JP, U) (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) F24F 3/147 F24F 1/00 F24F 6/00 F24F 7/08

Claims (4)

(57) [Claims] 1. An exhaust passage and an air supply passage, which are opposite to each other, are adjacent to each other via a partition wall, and a moisture absorbent is alternately exposed to both passages to move moisture from a high humidity side to a low humidity side. In addition to providing a moisture releasing means, a heat exchange means for transferring heat from a high temperature side to a low temperature side by moving a heat medium or a heat storage body between both paths on both sides of the moisture absorbing and releasing means is provided. A heater is provided between the heat exchange means on the upstream side and the moisture absorption / release drum, and a humidifier is provided on the exhaust path upstream of the heat exchange means. Operating the means, the indoor heater and the humidifier,
A desiccant air conditioner configured to operate a moisture absorbing and releasing means, an outdoor heat exchange means, an outdoor heater and a humidifier during heating. 2. As the moisture absorbing and releasing means, a rotary drum provided with a gas permeable porous body is provided so that the drum penetrates a partition wall and blocks both passages. The desiccant air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein a moisture absorbing material such as the above is attached. 3. A heat transfer means comprising a rotary drum provided with a gas permeable porous body penetrating through a partition wall so that the drum blocks both passages, and the porous body is made of a heat storage material such as metal, ceramic or the like. The desiccant type air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioner is constituted by: 4. The desiccant air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the temperature and humidity in the room are controlled independently of each other by controlling the amount of heating by the heater and the amount of water sprayed on the humidifier.