JP3405870B2 - Organic carbonization equipment and organic carbonization vehicle - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to carbonization of waste organic matter such as felled trees, raw garbage from restaurants and homes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When felled trees are treated as waste, they are used as fuel after being directly exposed to the field and dried. In addition, raw waste such as food waste is generally incinerated, and a part of the raw waste is fermented and used as a raw material for organic fertilizer (compost).

[0003]

By the way, in the above-mentioned incineration process, incineration residue remains without exception, and further this residue treatment is required. Further, the felled tree can be used for various purposes other than fuel by extracting wood vinegar solution and carbonizing it, rather than simply using it as fuel.

If raw garbage is simply incinerated and converted into an article that can be secondarily used, resource saving can be realized, and if incineration can be performed at an arbitrary location, raw garbage generation location or secondary product use location It becomes easier to use because it can be processed by etc. Therefore, the present invention proposes a processing device and a processing vehicle that solve the above problems.

[0005]

An apparatus for treating organic substances according to the present invention is a container for accommodating an object to be treated, a treatment chamber which allows passage of the container and has a heat-resistant sealed structure from an inlet to an outlet. And a nitrogen gas supply unit, a nitrogen gas preheater, and a container loading / unloading mechanism provided at the entrance / exit of the processing chamber.A container transporting mechanism is provided in the processing chamber, and each container has a size corresponding to the container. The processing chamber is partitioned by a partition door that opens and closes to become a partition chamber. Inside each partition chamber, except for the preheating chamber and the cooling chamber, which are the partition chambers adjacent to the entrance / exit, are equipped with ceramic heaters as heat treatment chambers and waste gas. An exhaust unit is attached, and nitrogen gas supplied from the nitrogen gas supply unit is supplied to the preheating chamber by waste gas discharged from the heat treatment chamber by the waste gas discharging unit, and heat exchange is performed. A nitrogen gas introduction part for introducing into the preheating chamber by passing through the nitrogen gas preheater that is preheated is supplied to the cooling chamber, and the room temperature nitrogen gas supplied from the nitrogen gas supply part is supplied to the cooling chamber. It is characterized in that a nitrogen gas introducing portion is additionally provided.

Further, in particular, in the above-mentioned organic substance carbonization treatment device, a waste gas liquefaction treatment device is additionally provided in succession to the waste gas discharge part.

An organic carbonization treatment vehicle according to the present invention is equipped with the above-mentioned organic carbonization treatment device and a power generation device for heating and motive power so as to be self-propelled.

Therefore, when the object to be treated is stored in the container and sent into the processing chamber and subjected to high temperature treatment in a nitrogen atmosphere, the object is carbonized due to thermal decomposition of organic matter, and the decomposed gas is discharged as waste gas. Further, by providing a preheating chamber and a cooling chamber before and after the high temperature carbonization chamber, the object to be treated is preheated to improve the efficiency of the carbonization process, and since it is in a high temperature state immediately after the end of carbonization, if it is taken out from the apparatus as it is, Carbide (post-processed material) burns in the air, which is prevented in advance.

The treated product (carbide) is spread under the floor of a house to prevent the generation of harmful insects, as an underfloor protective material such as underfloor drying due to moisture absorption, and as a soil improving material, industrial carbon material, etc. It is possible.

Further, when the carburizing apparatus is mounted on the vehicle, it is possible to collect the garbage directly from the location where the object to be treated (garbage) is generated and carry out the carbonization at the collecting place or the use place of the treated matter.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. The organic substance processing apparatus shown in the embodiment includes a container 1 for storing an object to be treated, a processing chamber 2, a loading mechanism 3 for loading the container 1 into the processing chamber 2, and a loading mechanism 4 for unloading the container 1 from the processing chamber 2. , A nitrogen gas supply unit 5, a nitrogen gas preheater 6, and a waste gas processing unit 7.

The container 1 is a metal box-shaped container having good heat transfer and a large number of small through holes formed in the upper peripheral wall. A lid may be provided if necessary, or a processing chamber to be described later may be provided. The bottom structure is determined in correspondence with the transport mechanism of No. 1 and the transport structure of the carry-in / carry-out mechanisms 3 and 4.

The processing chamber 2 has a refractory brick layer or the like adhered to the inside thereof to have a heat insulating and sealed structure as a whole, and an inlet door 20 and an outlet door 21 are provided at the front and rear thereof, and further, a transfer mechanism for the container 1 therein. 22 is provided, and each partition chamber is partitioned by a partition door 23 that opens and closes the inside of the processing chamber 2 so as to have an area corresponding to the size of the container 1.

The entrance door 20, the exit door 21, and the partition door 23 are made of heat-resistant metal and can be opened and closed by a drive mechanism provided outside. Further, the transport mechanism 22 is naturally a heat-resistant structure, and the container 1
A structure capable of transporting, for example, enumerating drive rollers,
A chain is wound around a sprocket between the doors so that it can be divided by the partition door 23, and is configured to engage with the bottom structure of the container 1 so that the container 1 can be transported reliably. .

The processing chamber 2 is partitioned by the respective partition doors 23. Of the partitioned chambers, the partition chamber adjacent to the inlet portion is the preheating chamber 24, and the partition chamber adjacent to the outlet portion is the cooling chamber 25. The intermediate partition chamber is a heat treatment chamber (carbonization chamber) 26. Then, the preheating chamber 24 and the cooling chamber 25 are provided with nitrogen gas introducing portions 27a and 27b, respectively.
Preheated nitrogen gas is supplied to 4 and nitrogen gas at room temperature is supplied to the cooling chamber 25. In addition, the heat treatment chamber 26a,
The ceramic heater 28 is installed in 26b, and
A waste gas discharge part 29 with an appropriate damper interposed is additionally provided. Note that, as shown in FIG. 2, the preheated nitrogen gas is nitrogen gas supplied from the nitrogen gas supply unit 5 and heated waste gas and nitrogen discharged from the heat treatment chamber 26 through the waste gas discharge unit 29. It is obtained by being preheated by exchanging heat with the gas preheater 6. The nitrogen gas at room temperature supplied to the cooling chamber 25 is directly supplied from the nitrogen gas supply unit 5.

The carry-in mechanism 3 carries in the container 1 containing the object to be processed into the processing chamber 2 and carries out the carry-out mechanism 4.
Is a container 1 containing the carbonized material that has been carbonized.
From the processing chamber 2, and the nitrogen gas supply unit 5 is a nitrogen gas cylinder or a nitrogen gas extraction device using a permeable membrane from the air to supply the necessary nitrogen gas and to preheat the nitrogen gas. The container 6 is the waste gas discharge part 2
The heat exchanger into which the waste gas from 9 is introduced or an appropriate heater is incorporated.

The waste gas processing unit 7 employs a material having an appropriate structure depending on the type of the object to be treated. For example, in the case of carbonization of trees or bamboo, the waste gas is cooled to remove wood vinegar or bamboo vinegar. The structure is such that extraction is performed, and in the case of harmful gas, water or a neutralizing liquid is passed.

Needless to say, appropriate sensors (temperature sensor, pressure sensor, micro switch, etc.) are provided in each part to control the operation of each part.

When the apparatus is used, first, nitrogen gas is supplied into the processing chamber 2 to fill the inside of the processing chamber 2 with the nitrogen gas, and the ceramic heater 28 heats the heating processing chamber to a predetermined temperature. The nitrogen gas is also appropriately heated by the preheater 6 and supplied to the processing chamber 2. Then, the object to be processed is stored in the container 1 and sent into the processing chamber 2 by the carry-in mechanism 3. In the processing chamber 2, only the inlet door 20 is opened, and the container 1 is first positioned in the preheating chamber 24. The object to be treated in the container 1 is preheated with warmed nitrogen gas (350 to 400 ° C.), sent to the next heat treatment chamber 26a, and placed in a high temperature state of 450 to 500 ° C. In this high temperature state, the object to be treated is thermally decomposed, the decomposed gas is discharged from the waste gas discharge part 29, is used for preheating nitrogen gas in the preheater 6, and is further appropriately processed in the waste gas process part 7. .

In the heat treatment chamber 26, high temperature treatment is performed in a nitrogen atmosphere, and organic substances are thermally decomposed and carbonized. The carbonization time depends on the type of the object and the temperature in the heat treatment chamber 26, and is determined by the number of heat treatment chambers formed in the apparatus.
And cooled by nitrogen gas at room temperature. When the carbide is cooled to at least 150 ° C. or lower, the outlet door 21 is opened, and the container 1 in which the carbide is stored is moved to the unloading mechanism 4
Sent to.

Therefore, the organic substance to be treated is a substance which is thermally decomposed into a carbide in a nitrogen gas atmosphere, and a preheating chamber is provided to preheat the treated substance to improve the efficiency of the carbonization treatment. In addition, a cooling chamber is provided to prevent combustion of the carbide due to air contact in a high temperature state immediately after the end of the carbonization so that the secondary usable carbide can be easily produced.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and the carry-in / carry-out mechanisms 3 and 4 may be only a concourse that is not driven, or the heat treatment chamber 26 may be a multi-chamber chamber instead of two chambers. It may be a single room, and the partition door may be single or double.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show an embodiment of an organic carbonization treatment vehicle according to the present invention. A treatment chamber 2 (inlet door 20, outlet door 21, transfer mechanism 2) similar to the above-mentioned treatment apparatus is shown.
2, a partition door 23, a preheating chamber 24, a cooling chamber 25, a heat treatment chamber (carbonization chamber) 26, a nitrogen gas introduction part 27, a ceramic heater 28, a waste gas discharge part 29), and the carrying in and out of the container 1. Mechanisms (concourses) 3, 4, a nitrogen gas supply unit (nitrogen gas extraction device) 5, a nitrogen gas preheater (dedicated heater) 6, a waste gas processing unit 7, and a power source serving as a heating source and a power source. The device 8 is mounted on the vehicle A. The object to be processed is stored in the container 1 and is carbonized in the same manner as the above-mentioned processing device. There is an advantage that carbonization can be performed.

[0024]

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY As described above, the present invention is an apparatus for carbonizing waste organic matter and desired organic matter, and the organic matter that has been previously incinerated can be used as a secondary product such as an underfloor protective material, Bamboo and trees can be easily carbonized, desired charcoal can be obtained, and wood vinegar and bamboo vinegar can be easily and efficiently obtained. For aluminum cans,
By carbonizing the surface paint, it can be easily peeled off and can be used for recycling aluminum, and various uses can be made depending on the object to be treated.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall view of an implementation device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of the principle of the device.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the same vehicle.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the same.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 container 2 processing room 20 entrance door 21 exit door 22 Transport mechanism 23 partition door 24 Preheating room 25 cooling room 26 Heat treatment room (carbonization room) 27 Nitrogen gas inlet 28 Ceramic heater 29 Waste gas discharge part 3 carry-in mechanism 4 Unloading mechanism 5 Nitrogen gas supply section 6 Nitrogen gas preheater 7 Waste gas treatment department 8 generator device

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (58) Fields surveyed (Int.Cl. ⁷ , DB name) C10B 53/00 B09B 3/00 302 C10B 53/02 C10B 57/10 C10C 5/00

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A container for accommodating an object to be processed, a processing chamber capable of passing through the container and having a heat-resistant sealed structure from an inlet portion to an outlet portion, a nitrogen gas supply portion, and a nitrogen gas preheater, It is composed of a container loading / unloading mechanism provided at the entrance / exit of the processing chamber, a container transporting mechanism is provided in the processing chamber, and a processing chamber is opened by a partition door that opens and closes into partition chambers of a size corresponding to the container. Partitioning, each of the partitioning chambers is a partitioning chamber adjacent to the inlet / outlet part except the preheating chamber and the cooling chamber, the ceramic heater is installed as a heat treatment chamber, and a waste gas discharge part is additionally provided.
In the preheating chamber, the nitrogen gas supplied from the nitrogen gas supply unit is a waste gas discarded from the heat treatment chamber by the waste gas discharge unit, and is passed through a nitrogen gas preheater that is preheated by heat exchange to preheat the preheating chamber. An organic substance characterized by being provided with a nitrogen gas introducing part to be introduced into the room, and being provided with a nitrogen gas introducing part for supplying the nitrogen gas at room temperature supplied from the nitrogen gas supplying part to the cooling chamber in the cooling chamber. Carbonization equipment. 2. The organic substance carbonization treatment device according to claim 1, wherein a waste gas liquefaction treatment device is provided continuously to the waste gas discharge part. 3. The organic carbonization treatment apparatus according to claim 1,
An organic carbonization vehicle equipped with a power generator for heating and power.