JPH10113638A - Deodorization method for thermal cracking treatment of waste - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To shorten the time required for a deodorizing stage with smaller thermal energy by passing gases, such as thermal cracking gases, generated in a furnace through the inside of a condenser to condense and remove steam contg. odorous components, then subjecting these odorous components to a thermal cracking treatment. SOLUTION: Treating materials F, such as crude refuse, are put into an inner vessel 5 and are heated by a heating source 8 and a suction means 13 is activated. The temp. in the inner vessel 5 is raised and simultaneously the pressure therein is reduced to an oxygen-free state. Then, the steam is first evaporated first from the treating materials F and, in succession, the thermal cracking are generated. The steam and gases are introduced by the suction action of a suction means 13 through a piping 9, a tar extraction section 10 and a liquid filter 11 into a deodorizing furnace 14, where the steam and the gases are deodorized. The deodorized gases are discharged from a discharge pipe 14d. The steam and part of the smell are removed by a liquid filter 11 during the course of this process and, therefore, the odorous components to be introduced into the deodorizing furnace 14 are decreased and the deodorization effect thereof is improved.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a method for thermally decomposing various combustible wastes such as garbage, organic sludge, and disposable diapers which emit a bad odor under reduced pressure and oxygen-free condition.
The present invention relates to a method for efficiently removing malodorous components contained in a gas such as a pyrolysis gas.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various combustible wastes are usually burned. However, burning vinyl chloride resin and the like generates harmful gases. Attention has been focused on the thermal decomposition of wood waste. The inventor of the present invention has also proposed a thermal decomposition treatment method in which harmful gases generated during thermal decomposition are made harmless or generation of harmful gases is suppressed, as Japanese Patent Application No. 6-223952.

[0003] The thermal decomposition treatment method proposed by the present inventor has an inherent effect such as not generating harmful gas such as dioxin even if the object to be treated is one that generates harmful gas such as vinyl chloride resin. It was an epoch-making thing, but it turned out that there was still something to be solved.

That is, in the above-mentioned proposed method, when garbage or the like is to be treated, if the garbage is thermally decomposed and discharged to the outside, the gas discharged from the pyrolysis furnace contains malodorous components. This odor is scattered around, and there is an environmental problem. It is known that this malodorous component can be eliminated by burning or pyrolyzing with heat of 800 ° C. or more. For that purpose, heat energy for combustion or pyrolysis is required separately from the pyrolysis treatment. There is a problem. In particular, in the initial stage of thermal decomposition treatment, such as garbage, organic sludge, and used paper diapers, a large amount of water vapor containing putrefactive odor, malodor, off-flavor, etc. of the garbage before the garbage itself is thermally decomposed. It is heated to 800 ° C or higher to deodorize it, but because it contains a large amount of water vapor, a considerable amount of fuel is required before it is deodorized, and processing costs Besides the problem of sticking to high
There is a problem that it takes a long time to thermally decompose odor components including water vapor, and it is difficult to increase the processing efficiency.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention removes water vapor containing malodorous and unpleasant odor components in the course of the intermediate treatment of the pyrolysis gas, and performs the subsequent combustion and It is an object of the present invention to provide a thermal decomposition method which shortens the time required for a deodorization step by thermal decomposition and uses only a small amount of heat energy.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems by using a container insulated and sealed under reduced pressure and oxygen free as a pyrolysis furnace to heat waste such as garbage. When decomposing, the gas such as the pyrolysis gas generated in the furnace is sucked and discharged to the outside of the furnace, and by passing the gas such as the pyrolysis gas through the condenser, the steam containing the odor component is condensed. It is characterized by removing the odor component contained in the gas and subjecting it to thermal decomposition.

[0007]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing one example of a thermal decomposition apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention.

In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical basket-shaped rotating container having an octagonal outer shape, for example, and an L-shaped angle member 1c is provided on the periphery of left and right side plates 1a and 1b forming a substantially regular octagon. , Between each angle material 1c, preferably a gap adjustable width
An outer peripheral wall is formed by erection while maintaining 1d, and is formed in an octagonal cylindrical basket shape. The container 1 includes the side plate 1
Axes 1e and 1f are provided at the centers of a and 1b, respectively.
By connecting the sprockets 1h, 1i and the chain 1j to the output shaft 1g of the rotor M, the rotary container 1 is formed to rotate in a horizontal posture. The cylindrical basket-shaped rotating container 1 in the present invention may be cylindrical, in addition to a square or a hexagon. Further, the peripheral wall may be formed of a plate material, a net material, or the like.

The rotary container 1 has an opening 2 formed on one surface of an octagonal peripheral wall formed by the angle member 1c without partially extending the angle member 1c. This opening 2
Is the upper side where the angle material 1c is not provided in FIG.
It has left and right sides by 2a, lower side 2b and side plates 1a and 1b.

The upper side 2a of the opening 2 is provided with the opening 2
Is fixedly provided. The partition plate 3 has a rear end attached to the upper side 2a of the opening 2 and a front end extended to the vicinity of the shafts 1e and 1f. On the other hand, a door 4 for closing this opening is provided on a lower side 2b of the opening 2 through a horizontal axis 4a parallel to the side 2b.
Are automatically opened and closed by the action of their own weight.

The rotating container 1 according to the present invention is formed of a mesh material, a grid material, or a plate material having no holes or slits, in addition to the one whose peripheral wall is formed by holding the slit-shaped gap 1d by the angle material 1c. Since there is a rotating container 1, the rotating container 1 is used by selecting an appropriate one from the above-described ones according to the property of the processed material F or the content of the processing.
For example, in the case of heating and liquefying the solid processed material F to take out the solid product F, it is necessary to use the rotary container 1 having a peripheral wall having the above-mentioned holes and slits and to dry the powder and granules as the processed material F. Uses a container 1 having a peripheral wall formed of a plate material having no slit or the like.

As shown schematically in FIG. 1, the rotary container 1 is rotatably housed in an inner container 5 formed so as to maintain an oxygen-free state.
Inside the outer container 6 insulated from the outside,
The hot gas circulation space 7 is disposed between the two. 5a is an exhaust passage for the pyrolysis gas provided in the inner container 5, 6a is an exhaust passage for the combustion gas of the gas burner formed in the outer container 6,
Reference numerals 5b and 6b denote processing inlets formed coaxially with the inner container 5 and the outer container 6 for charging the processing object F into the opening 2 of the rotary container 1, and 5c and 6c are opened and closed in conjunction with each other. Input port 5
b, 6b lid. Reference numeral 8 denotes a heating source such as a gas burner provided on the bottom side of a space 7 formed between the inner and outer containers 5 and 6.
It is formed as an example of a pyrolysis furnace to which the method of the present invention is applied. 5d is a nozzle for supplying water vapor or an inert gas into the inside of the inner container 5, and 5e is a temperature sensor or a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor.

The discharge port 5a of the inner container 5 is connected to a pipe 9 for exhaust gas, and a tail extraction unit 10 is provided in the middle of the pipe 9 and is connected to a liquid filter 11 also serving as a condenser. . In this case, the tail extraction unit 10 bends a pipe similar to the pipe 9 into a U-shape, and immerses the U-shaped part 10a in the cooling vessel 10b to condense the tar content on its inner wall. At the same time, a drain 10c is provided at the bottom of the U-shaped portion 10a, and a tar portion is taken out from the drain 10c. Tail extraction unit 10
, 10d is a drain cock, 10e is a tar receptor, 10
f is a cooling liquid supplied to and discharged from the container 10b. Further, a rotary scraper 10g is provided in the straight pipe portion of the U-shaped portion 10a so that the tar attached to the inner wall of the pipe is scraped to the bottom side. 10h is a rotating motor of a scraper 10g. In addition, the tar in the pyrolysis apparatus to which the present invention is applied is described.
Needless to say, the file extraction unit 10 may have a structure other than the above example.

On the other hand, a liquid filter 11 also serving as a condenser 11
Is a water or neutralizing agent, or an appropriate liquid filter agent 11a adjusted by adding a surfactant to the filter tank 11b while leaving an excess space 11c above the filter tank 11b. And a gas suction means 13 such as a suction fan connected to the space 11c via a pipe 12.

Here, the liquid filter 11 is provided with the tank 11.
The bottom side of b is connected to the end 9b of the pipe 9 by being positioned inside the filter agent 11a. In addition, a skirt having many small holes 15a on the entire surface thereof is provided in the filter agent 11a.
A rotating plate 15 with 15b is arranged, and gas bubbles Ba sucked into the filter agent 11a from the end 9b of the pipe 9 are subdivided through the holes 15a, and the contact time between the suction gas and the filter agent 11a is reduced. The area has been increased. In addition, 15c
Is a support shaft of the rotary plate 15, 15d is a motor connected to the shaft 15c, 15e is a stirring blade provided at the lower end of the shaft 14c, and also serves as a steam condenser to which the method of the present invention is applied. An example of the liquid filter 11 is configured.

After the suction means 13, there is provided a deodorizing furnace 14 using a gas burning means for burning or pyrolyzing gas from the pyrolysis furnace to be sucked and sent to deodorize. The furnace 14 includes, as an example, a gas burner 1 in a furnace body 14a.
4b, and a heating body 14c made of, for example, ceramic which is heated by the gas burner 14b.
When the gas supplied from the exhaust pipe 13a of the suction means 13 is introduced into the deodorizing furnace 14 in a heating atmosphere of about 800 ° C. or more,
The odor component is burned or thermally decomposed by the heat, and almost odorless gas is exhausted from the exhaust pipe 14d.

Now, as an example, garbage is processed into the inside of the rotating container 1 by opening the lids 5c and 6c of the inner and outer containers 5 and 6, respectively.
And close the lids 5c and 6c, and then
At the same time as starting heating by igniting the heating source 8 by
Activating the suction means 13, the pipe 9, the tar extraction unit 10,
The gas inside the inner container 5 is sucked from the outlet 5a via the liquid filter 11.

By the above operation, the inner container 5 is moved to the gas bar.
The internal temperature of the container 5 is gradually increased by the action of the heating source 8 and the interior of the vessel 5 is made oxygen-free and depressurized by the action of the suction means 13. Decompression level depends on the suction means
For example, the pressure is about 0.95 to 0.85 atm, depending on the capacity of thirteen. On the other hand, the processed material F in the inner container 5 first generates steam by heating the inside of the container 5 and increasing the temperature. When the steam is no longer generated, the pyrolysis gas is generated from the waste F. The steam and the pyrolysis gas are
It is sucked from the outlet 5a to the pipe 9 side, and
Suction means 13 through liquid filter agent 11a via 10
Is introduced into the deodorizing furnace 14 from the exhaust side 13a.

If the processed material F is garbage, the above-mentioned steam and the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace contain an intense odor such as putrefaction odor, and the exhaust port 5a of the pyrolysis furnace. From the furnace. In particular, the processed product F containing a large amount of water, such as garbage, generates a large amount of steam containing a malodorous component before the solid content is thermally decomposed.

In the present invention, the water vapor is condensed in the filter agent 11a by passing through the liquid filter 11 which also serves as a condenser, and at this time, a part of the odor component is also condensed with the condensation of the water vapor. Is removed in the filter agent. Of course, not all of the odor components coming out of the pyrolysis furnace are removed at this stage.
The odor component contained in the gas sent to the deodorizing furnace 14 through is reduced compared to the conventional processing method, and the water vapor itself is condensed and mixed into the filter agent 11a of the liquid filter 11. Has been removed by
Odor component processing in the deodorizing furnace 14 can be performed efficiently.

In the above-described embodiment, the liquid filter 11 is also used as a condenser in order to remove odor components together when condensing and removing water vapor generated in the initial stage of the thermal decomposition treatment. However, in the present invention, a condenser using water as a condensing agent may be formed as an independent tank, and this condensation tank may be inserted and arranged in the middle of the pipe 9. In addition, the liquid filter 11
The filter agent 11a may be dropped into the tank 11b in a shower shape, and the gas from the pyrolysis furnace may be passed therethrough.

The filter liquid 11a containing water vapor condensed from the pyrolysis furnace or the condensing agent in the condensing tank contains:
Because it contains odorous components, it should be discarded as it is,
It can lead to secondary pollution. In the present invention, the filter liquid or the condensing agent containing the odor component is separately deodorized.

On the other hand, the gas containing the odor component from the pyrolysis furnace from which the water vapor has been condensed and removed can be subjected to an efficient deodorization treatment in the deodorization furnace 14 since the water vapor is removed. . That is, when the odor component is treated in the deodorizing furnace 14 while containing the water vapor, the heat energy in the furnace is taken for the vaporization of the water vapor, so that the thermal decomposition efficiency of the odor component is reduced. Since the water vapor has been condensed and removed in advance, it is sufficient to thermally decompose only the odorous component. Therefore, a deodorizing treatment with high energy efficiency can be performed in the deodorizing furnace.

[0024]

The present invention is as described above,
A large amount of water vapor containing malodor such as organic sludge and disposable diapers generated in the initial stage of pyrolysis is condensed and removed, and then the odor components such as the malodor are pyrolyzed. This not only improves the thermal efficiency and processing efficiency, but also eliminates the need to release malodors and off-flavors generated during thermal decomposition out of the system.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing an example of a thermal decomposition apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 rotating container 1a, 1b side plate 1c angle material 1d gap 1e, 1f shaft 2 opening 2a upper side 2b lower side 3 partition plate 4 door 5 inner container 5a outlet 6 outer container 5b, 6b inlet 5c, 6c lid 7 space 8 heating Source 9, 12 Piping 10 Tail extraction unit 11 Liquid filter 13 Suction means 14 Deodorizing furnace 15 Rotating plate F Processed material

Claims (3)

[Claims] When a waste such as garbage is thermally decomposed by using a container thermally insulated and sealed under reduced pressure and oxygen free as a pyrolysis furnace, a gas such as a pyrolysis gas generated in the furnace is sucked and discharged out of the furnace. Waste, wherein a gas such as the pyrolysis gas is passed through a condenser to condense and remove water vapor containing an odor component and pyrolyze the odor component contained in the gas. Deodorization method in the thermal decomposition treatment of coal. 2. The waste gas according to claim 1, wherein the generated gas such as a pyrolysis gas after passing through the condenser is heated to about 800 ° C. or more to thermally decompose an odor component contained in the gas. Deodorizing method in thermal decomposition treatment. 3. The condenser according to claim 1, wherein the condenser is a filter tank containing water or a neutralizing liquid, or a liquid filter using a shower tank for supplying the water or the neutralizing liquid in a shower shape.
Deodorization method in thermal decomposition treatment of waste such as garbage.