200837183 (1) 九、發明說明 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明涉及之利用遠紅外線輻射熱加熱的碳化裝置， 可移動地放置在醫療院所的室內以處理例如醫療院所內所 * 產生的醫療廢棄物及一般廢棄物等。 【先前技術】 • 以往，醫療院所內所產生的醫療廢棄物，必須經由醫 療廢棄物處理專業公司承運至醫療廢棄物處理場後集中加 以焚化處理，但是，由於醫療廢棄物具有高感染的危險性 及即時處理的時效等的問題，其首要解決之道在於對感染 源有即時處理的迫切性。 【發明內容】 〔發明所欲解決之課題〕 • 如上述，一般的廢棄物的焚化處理雖是可行的方法之 一，惟其使用性、成本、設備及場地等的各方面仍存在有 許多待解決的問題。因此，一般廢棄物的處理是以焚化爐 的設備爲主，但是，其設廠及儲放使用時的空間大，設備 . 投資及維護成本較高，合法的地目難尋且昂貴，並且在處 理過程中容易造成空氣污染及隨時要面對附近民眾抗爭事 件等的問題。 〔解決問題之手段〕 有鑑於以往焚化爐所存在的諸多問題，本發明人提出 -4- (2) (2)200837183 一種可設置在醫療院所內及/或一般室內方便使用的廢棄 物碳化裝置，該碳化裝置係利用遠紅外線的輻射熱及碳化 容器以及循環水幫浦的特珠結構提供高性能的碳化裝置。 並且，根據其目的及可達成該目的之碳化裝置分別說明如 下： 1.用於加熱處理的碳化容器的內部設置遠紅外線加 熱器，將廢棄物投入容器內，在密閉的空間內以遠紅外線 的輻射熱的加熱方法將上述容器加熱，藉著上述該容器的 特殊結構將容器內的廢棄物攪拌粉碎後加速其碳化，並利 用上述方法所產生的熱量及遠紅外線輻射熱將廢棄物加熱 乾燥、熱分解，最後達到碳化的目的。 利用遠紅外線輻射熱的加熱方法，熱輻射是一種電磁 波，其傳導的熱量ΤΙ4 - T24成正比，一般加熱的方法在 物體間的傳熱爲熱傳導、熱對流等，必須需藉由傳熱介質 ，其傳導的熱量與兩物體間的溫度差T1 - T2成正比。 但是，遠紅外線加熱是將輻射熱直接對物質進行加熱 、乾燥，並利用遠紅外線的輻射熱進行加熱乾燥等可減少 空氣等介質能量的損失，於熱傳遞時容易根據其特性予以 匹配。而所謂的熱，即是指從分子的觀點來看爲貯存在物 體內部的原子間因震動等產生的動能，以紅外線加熱時， 若使用有助於受熱體原子間運動的能量波段（即紅外線活 性基準振動波）的輻射時，則可更有效地進行加熱。例如 水（H20)爲3原子分子，其基準振動數爲3個，亦即OH的 對稱伸縮振動爲3652cm_1(2.7//m)、逆對稱伸縮振動爲 (3) (3)200837183 3 756cm'1 ( 2.66 β m )、變角振動爲 1 5 95 cm·1 (6.27//m) ，水分子爲輕分子的結合力強，其基本吸收帶在2.7# m， 接近有效吸收紅外線，任何物體只要在非零度時都會放射 出紅外線，因此在使用於加熱、乾燥時，紅外線放射體必 須形成可有效促進被加熱原子間運動的紅外線放射特性。 如上述，一般加熱大都採用將熱風送入乾燥室的對流 方式等進行乾燥加熱，使空氣加熱形成對流熱，將該熱傳 導到被加熱體上，如果被加熱物質產生水蒸氣而使其蒸氣 壓增高時，即使增高溫度也不容易乾燥，因此必須將有能 量的水蒸氣迅速釋放出外部，但是，如此一來會造成未使 用於乾燥之熱能的損失，若利用紅外線加熱則不會對空氣 進行不必要的加熱，可直接將加熱的物質加熱，使蒸發的 水蒸氣迅速揮發，有效地進行加熱。 爲了達成以上的目的，本發明是利用上述紅外線加熱 特性用於本體內部使形成整體遠紅外線輻射熱的加熱、乾 燥方法，可直接將被加熱物體加熱，使蒸發的水蒸氣迅述 揮發，並經由循環水幫浦抽離加速其熱分解效能，使被加 熱的物質迅速碳化，熱分解中所蒸發的氣化物並經由循環 水幫浦吸引冷卻，使所含有的油氣凝結浮游在水面，可回 收再利用。 2·利用遠紅外線的輻射熱加熱催化觸媒，對於廢棄 物所產生的氣化物可進行消煙、除臭。使用催化觸媒可降 低廢氣的處理溫度並與一般常見的VOC廢氣處理比較如 下。 -6 _ (4) (4)200837183 使用催化觸媒加熱碳化處理的主要反應如下： V0C + 02 觸媒一►CCb + H2。 使用催化觸媒加熱及無催化劑觸媒加熱對一般V0C 之比較如下：200837183 (1) EMBODIMENT OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a carbonization apparatus that utilizes far-infrared radiant heat heating, and is movably placed in a hospital interior to treat medical treatments such as those found in medical institutions. Waste and general waste. [Prior Art] • In the past, medical waste generated in medical institutions must be incinerated by a medical waste disposal company to a medical waste disposal site, but the medical waste is highly infected. The primary solution to the problem of sexual and immediate treatment is the urgency of having immediate treatment of the source of infection. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] As described above, although general incineration of waste is one of the feasible methods, there are still many problems to be solved in terms of usability, cost, equipment, and site. The problem. Therefore, the general waste treatment is mainly based on the equipment of the incinerator, but the space for the plant and storage and use is large, the equipment. The investment and maintenance costs are high, the legal land is difficult to find and expensive, and it is being processed. In the process, it is easy to cause air pollution and to face problems such as the protests of nearby people at any time. [Means for Solving the Problem] In view of the problems in the past incinerators, the inventors have proposed -4- (2) (2) 200837183 a waste carbonization that can be conveniently placed in a medical institution and/or in a general indoor environment. The carbonization device provides a high-performance carbonization device by utilizing the radiant heat of the far-infrared rays and the carbonization vessel and the special bead structure of the circulating water pump. Further, according to the purpose and the carbonization device which can achieve the object, the following description is as follows: 1. The inside of the carbonization vessel for heat treatment is provided with a far-infrared heater, and the waste is put into the container, and the radiant heat of far-infrared rays is enclosed in the sealed space. The heating method heats the container, and the waste in the container is stirred and pulverized by the special structure of the container to accelerate the carbonization, and the waste generated by the above method and the far-infrared radiant heat are used to heat and dry the waste, and thermally decompose the waste. Finally, the purpose of carbonization is achieved. Using the heating method of far-infrared radiant heat, thermal radiation is an electromagnetic wave whose conduction heat is proportional to the amount of heat ΤΙ4 - T24. Generally, the heat transfer between objects is heat conduction, heat convection, etc., and must be carried out by a heat transfer medium. The conducted heat is proportional to the temperature difference T1 - T2 between the two objects. However, far-infrared heating is a method in which the radiant heat is directly heated and dried, and the radiant heat of the far-infrared rays is used for heating and drying, thereby reducing the loss of energy such as air, and it is easy to match the characteristics according to the characteristics during heat transfer. The term "heat" refers to the kinetic energy generated by vibrations or the like between atoms stored in an object from the molecular point of view. When heating in infrared light, an energy band (i.e., infrared ray) that contributes to the movement between the atoms of the heated body is used. When the radiation of the active reference vibration wave is irradiated, the heating can be performed more efficiently. For example, water (H20) is 3 atomic molecules, and its reference vibration number is 3, that is, the symmetric stretching vibration of OH is 3652 cm_1 (2.7//m), and the inverse symmetric stretching vibration is (3) (3) 200837183 3 756 cm'1 ( 2.66 β m ), variable angular vibration is 1 5 95 cm·1 (6.27//m), the water molecule is a strong binding force of light molecules, and its basic absorption band is 2.7# m, which is close to effectively absorbing infrared rays, and any object as long as Since infrared rays are emitted at a non-zero degree, when used for heating or drying, the infrared radiation body must have infrared radiation characteristics that can effectively promote the movement between the heated atoms. As described above, in general, most of the heating is performed by a convection method in which hot air is sent to the drying chamber, and the like, and the air is heated to form convective heat, and the heat is transferred to the object to be heated, and if the heated substance generates water vapor, the vapor pressure is increased. At the same time, even if the temperature is increased, it is not easy to dry. Therefore, it is necessary to quickly release the water vapor with energy to the outside, but this will cause loss of heat energy that is not used for drying, and if it is heated by infrared rays, it will not be air. The necessary heating can directly heat the heated substance to rapidly evaporate the evaporated water vapor and effectively heat it. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a heating and drying method for forming an overall far-infrared radiant heat by using the infrared heating characteristic described above, and can directly heat the object to be heated to volatilize the evaporated water vapor, and via The circulating water pump pulls away to accelerate its thermal decomposition efficiency, so that the heated material is rapidly carbonized, and the vaporized vaporized in the thermal decomposition is sucked and cooled by the circulating water pump, so that the contained oil and gas condenses and floats on the water surface, and can be recycled. use. 2. The catalyzed catalyst is heated by the radiant heat of far infrared rays, and the vapor generated by the waste can be smoked and deodorized. The use of catalytic catalysts reduces the treatment temperature of the exhaust gas and compares it to the usual VOC exhaust gas treatment. -6 _ (4) (4) 200837183 The main reaction of carbonization treatment using catalytic catalyst is as follows: V0C + 02 Catalyst ►CCb + H2. The comparison of general V0C with catalytic catalyst heating and catalyst-free catalyst heating is as follows:
VOC 一般無催化劑觸媒加熱 使用催化劑觸媒加熱 甲苯 5 5 0 °C 3 5 0 °C 苯 5 6 0 〇C 3 00°C 丙酮 6 5 0〇C 2 5 0〇C 酚 700 °C 4 00°C 甲醇 46 0 °C 1 5 0°C 甲醇 43 0〇C 3 00°C 丁醇 3 50〇C 2 5 0〇C 苯乙烯 8 8 0〇C 3 50〇C 3 .在密閉的空間內利用遠紅線輻射熱加熱碳化裝置 容器本體，上述碳化裝置容器本體內部裝設陶瓷發熱器形 成內部整體遠紅外線輻射熱，將容器內碳化物加熱通過遠 紅外線陶瓷電熱輻射熱投射於上述碳化容器內的碳化物加 以乾燥、熱分解的同時，可藉著容器內特殊的結構將容器 內碳化物攪拌、粉碎加速其碳化。 4.利用含有催化劑的觸媒消煙•除臭器，可對於碳 化容器內廢棄物所產生的煙及氣化物進行消煙•除臭處理 (5) (5)200837183 5 ·利用水循環水幫浦吸引碳化裝置本體內碳化物所 產生的煙及氣化物，使碳化裝置本體內形成負壓以避免裝 置本體內造成煙及臭味的洩漏，同時將氣化物冷却和水中 1 8脂酸凝結浮游在水面，利用刮油裝置將浮游在水面上的 凝結油刮離而儲存在密封儲油桶中，可經由外部抽取回收 ，有再利用的高價値性。 6.消煙•除臭器可分爲第1消煙•除臭器及第2消 煙·除臭器，該第1消煙•除臭器主要的成分是塡充有鈾 、鈀及氧化鈦等氧化劑，第2消煙·除臭器則爲含多孔性 珊瑚礁、碳酸鈣及負離子陶瓷等所組成的消煙•除臭器， 並注入臭氧以分解有害物質的成分。 以下，說明本發明碳化裝置的使用方法。 首先，將廢棄物投入碳化容器內，推壓旋轉門開關關 閉碳化容器，使用遠紅外線陶瓷加熱器將容器內碳化物加 熱以及利用外部的燃料輔助加熱。由於，本發明之碳化裝 置的特點在於採用全自動的PLC自動控制系統的控制下進 行碳化，不會因爲過熱高溫而發生燃燒，並且碳化容器內 的廢棄物是利用來自遠紅外線加熱器的熱量加熱及外部的 燃料輔助而加以乾燥、熱分解。其所蒸發氣化的煙及氣化 物可經由第1消煙·除臭器、滅菌、消煙•除臭後的氣化 物而藉著冷卻水洗浮游於水面，以刮油裝置排出於密閉桶 中貯存，回收再利用。並將剩餘的氣化物經由第2消煙· 除臭器再予以消煙•除臭，並分解有害物質後排放於大氣 中，由於微量的碳化成分可自動排出於密封桶中貯存，可 -8- (6) (6)200837183 作爲一般處理過後的廢棄物處理，或者也可以散播在土壤 中〇 其次’說明本發明遠紅外線碳化裝置對醫療廢棄物的 碳化方法如下： 由於，空氣污染中危害最深的是戴奧辛，戴奧辛是一 種化合物（如燃燒塑膠、塑膠袋含有戴奧辛），由兩個氧 原子連接一對苯環類化合物所組成，當使用一般燃燒焚化 分解方式時，燃燒材料中氯原子會形成化合物。相對於此 ，本發明是在密封狀態下利用遠紅外線輻射熱加熱使上述 廢棄物乾燥、熱分解、蒸發、碳化的方法，在原理上與一 般燃燒方式完全不同，在不供給氧原子的狀態下，氧原子 結合產生戴奧辛的量與燃燒方式比較會減少許多。 另外，如上述，由於醫療廢棄物具有高感染的危險性 以及處理時效上的迫切性，因此醫療廢棄物中大部份含有 塑膠類，如聚乙儲（Polyethlene)或有機砂（Silicon)樹 脂等，利用本發明之上述遠紅外線輻射熱的碳化方法將其 熱分解成爲低分子化後，使氯化合物不再與其結合且由於 聚乙烯爲同類的分子物質，因此實際的反應上也不會結合 而導致戴奧辛的污染。 遠紅外線之作用VOC generally catalyst-free catalyst heating using catalyst catalyst to heat toluene 5 5 0 ° C 3 5 0 °C benzene 5 6 0 〇C 3 00 °C acetone 6 5 0 〇C 2 5 0 〇C phenol 700 °C 4 00 °C Methanol 46 0 °C 1 5 0 °C Methanol 43 0〇C 3 00°C Butanol 3 50〇C 2 5 0〇C Styrene 8 8 0〇C 3 50〇C 3 .In a closed space The container body of the carbonization device is heated by the far-red line radiant heat, and the ceramic heater is disposed inside the container body of the carbonization device to form an internal total far-infrared radiant heat, and the carbide in the container is heated and projected into the carbonization container by the far-infrared ceramic electrothermal radiant heat. While drying and thermally decomposing, the carbide in the container can be stirred and pulverized to accelerate carbonization by a special structure in the container. 4. Using a catalyst-containing catalyst to eliminate smoke and deodorizers, it can eliminate smoke and deodorization of smoke and vapors generated from waste in carbonized containers (5) (5) 200837183 5 · Use water circulation water pump Attracting the smoke and vapor produced by the carbide in the carbonization device, a negative pressure is formed in the body of the carbonization device to avoid leakage of smoke and odor in the body of the device, and the vaporization of the vaporization and the condensation of 18 fatty acids in the water are suspended in the water. On the surface of the water, the condensed oil floating on the water surface is scraped off by the oil scraping device and stored in the sealed oil storage tank, which can be extracted and recovered through the outside, and has high price and high selectivity. 6. Smoke elimination and deodorizer can be divided into the first smoke elimination and deodorizer and the second smoke elimination and deodorizer. The main components of the first smoke elimination and deodorizer are uranium, palladium and oxidation. An oxidant such as titanium, and a second smoke-eliminating and deodorizing device are smoke-eliminating and deodorizing devices composed of porous coral reefs, calcium carbonate, and anion ceramics, and injecting ozone to decompose harmful substances. Hereinafter, a method of using the carbonization apparatus of the present invention will be described. First, the waste is put into a carbonization vessel, the rotary door switch is pressed to close the carbonization vessel, and the far-infrared ceramic heater is used to heat the carbide in the vessel and assist the heating with an external fuel. Since the carbonization device of the present invention is characterized by carbonization under the control of a fully automatic PLC automatic control system, combustion does not occur due to overheating and high temperature, and waste in the carbonization vessel is heated by heat from a far infrared heater. It is dried and thermally decomposed with external fuel assistance. The smoke and vaporized vaporized by the vaporization can be floated on the surface of the water by the first water elimination and deodorizer, sterilization, smoke elimination and deodorization, and discharged into the sealed barrel by the oil scraping device. Storage, recycling and reuse. And the remaining gasification is smoked and deodorized by the second smoke eliminating and deodorizing device, and the harmful substances are decomposed and discharged into the atmosphere, because a trace amount of carbonized components can be automatically discharged into the sealed barrel for storage, -8 - (6) (6) 200837183 As a general treatment of waste, or it can be spread in the soil, secondly, the carbonization method of the far infrared ray carbonization device of the present invention is as follows: Since air pollution is the most harmful Dioxin, Dioxin is a compound (such as burning plastic, plastic bag containing Dioxin), composed of two oxygen atoms connected to a pair of benzene ring compounds, when using general combustion incineration decomposition method, chlorine atoms in the combustion material will form Compound. On the other hand, the present invention is a method for drying, thermally decomposing, evaporating, and carbonizing the waste by using far-infrared radiant heat heating in a sealed state, and is basically different from the general combustion method in a state in which oxygen atoms are not supplied. The amount of oxygen atoms combined to produce dioxin is much less than the combustion method. In addition, as mentioned above, medical waste has a high risk of infection and urgency in handling, so most of medical waste contains plastics, such as Polyethlene or Silicon resin. By using the above-described far-infrared radiant heat carbonization method of the present invention to thermally decompose it into a low molecular weight, the chlorine compound is no longer bound thereto and since the polyethylene is a molecular substance of the same kind, the actual reaction does not combine. Dioxin's pollution. The role of far infrared
Η 一Η - H-HΗ 一Η - H-H
聚乙烯之結構 c-C-C-C Η-Η-Η-Η 化學式：C-C、C-H之結合 -9 - (7) (7)200837183 上述聚乙烯的C-C鍵吸收遠紅外線輻射中的特定波長 ’其C-H鍵吸收遠紅外線輻射中的另一個特定波長後，分 解成爲活性自由基。當聚乙烯的C-C鍵及C-H鍵吸收遠紅 外線而斷裂分解爲低分子自由基並在水中反應時，因聚乙 烯自由基屬低分子物質，它與氫自由基反應時會形成穩定 的低分子物質。而其所形成的低分子中的C-C、C-H鍵再 經由遠紅外線的照射，形成更低分子的活性物質與氫原子 反應形成氧化氣體，其帶有油脂氣體可經由水洗冷卻和水 中1 8脂酸結合浮游於水面而排出回收，最終可將有機物 全部中和。 另外，說明遠紅外線輻射碳化程序如下： 聚乙嫌（Polyethylene) ◄ 熱輻射、遠紅外線輻射 | (熱分解） 低分子、有機物 ◄—熱輻射、遠紅外線輻射 (熱分解） 低分子化、有機物 一►碳原子（C ) (熱分解、熱氧化分解、氧化） 無機物、碳酸氣體 co2、H20 【實施方式】 根據圖示說明本發明的具體結構如下。 圖中，本發明之碳化裝置，主要爲本體1、碳化容器 2、攪拌器3、排灰控制閥4、第1消煙·除臭器5、第1 水幫浦6、刮油裝置7、第2水幫浦8、第2消煙·除臭器 9、PLC自動控制系統1 0及本體底座鋼架1 1等所構成。 第1圖是表示本發明之碳化裝置的具體實施例的槪略 -10- (8) (8)200837183 剖視圖。其中，碳化裝置的本體1及其內部之碳化容器2 的內外壁是由耐久金屬材料所製成。該內外壁之間塡充有 例如陶瓷纖維或矽酸钙等的輕質隔熱材料，在該碳化容器 2的內部形成一空間2a。可利用旋轉臂1 c將密封蓋1 a關 閉，再利用油壓缸旋轉進入卡鉤1 b，形成可在該內部放置 廢棄物的密閉空間。 另外，將遠紅外線陶瓷加熱器2b設置在上述本體i 之容器內的頂部，本發明是使用遠紅外線陶瓷加熱器2b， 並且輔助燃料燃燒機2d可使用瓦斯或柴油燃燒機來輔助 加熱碳化容器，使碳化容器內部的陶瓷層2c產生遠紅外 線輻射熱，使碳化容器2a內部空間形成整體遠紅外線的 輻射熱。 第2圖是表示碳化容器2的結構圖，遠紅外線陶瓷層 2c係塗裝於碳化容器2的內壁，密封蓋1 a是利用油壓缸 經由PLC自動控制系統1 0可控制門的開或關，將廢棄物 投入容器空間內2a，當碳化容器密封蓋1 a關閉後，啓動 遠紅外線陶瓷加熱器2b加熱的同時，並啓動輔助燃料燃 燒機2d輔助加熱，通過遠紅外線陶瓷加熱器2b及輔助燃 料燃燒機2d的加熱，將容器內的廢棄物加熱至400°C，另 外利用遠紅外線陶瓷層2c所產生的輻射熱將碳化容器內 的廢棄物加熱，經乾燥、熱分解步驟促使其氣化蒸發。上 述輔助燃料燃燒機2d則是利用熱效應原理加熱後經煙道 口 1 e進入螺旋式煙道加熱尾氣排放至煙到出口 1 f。將蒸 發氣化物通道控制閥2h打開並經由排氣通道2i連至第1 -11 - (9) 200837183 消煙·除臭器5後關閉排灰控制閥4。當容器內溫度達 28 0°C時，啓動攪拌器3攪拌碳化容器內的廢棄物使其加 速碳化，在容器內溫度達3 00 °C時啓動灑水裝置2j並控制 其灑水量及間隔以加速裂解及氧化，另外，在容器內設置 * 當容器內氣壓超過設定値時洩氣並發出警報的氣壓安全閥 2g ° 並且，參閱第1圖、第3A圖及第4圖說明如下。 # 第1消煙·除臭器5是利用內置之催化觸媒的催化劑 5c，以化學方式及物理方法氧化•分解煙氣中的碳化合物 使其形成低分子化，利用第1水幫浦6吸引煙氣中的碳化 合物，應用恆吸原理並利用水滴落的自量吸引煙氣後跌落 至水槽中加以冷卻並與水中1 8脂酸結合，使含有油脂成 分物質浮游在冷卻水槽6a的水面上。由於冷卻水槽6a與 儲油水槽7a之間設置有（水位線）隔板7d的段差7c (如 第5圖表示），當水槽6a的油脂凝結上升超過隔板7d而 • 導入儲油水槽7a時，可藉著刮油刷7b將浮油成分刮離貯 存在密封儲油槽7 c中，剩餘的微量殘留輕分子化合物則 經由第2水幫浦8的吸引進行第2次水洗使殘留輕分子化 合物與水箱8a的鹼性水結合。 第1消煙·除臭器5的作用，內置的催化觸媒催化劑 5c是以化學方式及物理方法將容器內熱分解後的汽化物以 加熱器5a加熱催化，將氧化觸媒5b加熱至250 °C使氣化 物及煙氣分解形成低分子氣化物。 如第3B圖表示，第2消煙·除臭器9的作用，內置 •12- (10) (10)200837183 有觸媒催化劑9a及氧化觸媒9b是利用加熱器9c加熱至 3 5 0 °C後，以化學方式及物理方法氧化•分解並注入〇 3以 分解有害物質，將微量殘留的輕分子及臭味除去後從排氣 口 9e排放到大氣中。 以下，說明第1消煙·除臭器5內之催化觸媒5 c及 氧化觸媒5b的化學反應作用如下 首先，將觸媒加熱器5a加熱至250°C使氣化物完全氧 化分解。 例如：塑膠類PE、PVC、矽膠等Structure of polyethylene cCCC Η-Η-Η-Η Chemical formula: combination of CC and CH -9 - (7) (7) 200837183 The CC bond of the above polyethylene absorbs a specific wavelength in far-infrared radiation, and its CH bond absorbs far infrared rays. After another specific wavelength in the radiation, it decomposes into active free radicals. When the CC bond and the CH bond of polyethylene absorb far-infrared rays and break down into low molecular radicals and react in water, since polyethylene radicals are low molecular substances, they form stable low molecular substances when reacted with hydrogen radicals. . The CC and CH bonds formed in the low molecules are further irradiated by far infrared rays to form a lower molecular active substance which reacts with hydrogen atoms to form an oxidizing gas, which is accompanied by a grease gas which can be cooled by water washing and 18% of fatty acid in water. Combined with floating on the surface of the water, it is discharged and recovered, and finally the organic matter can be completely neutralized. In addition, the procedure for far-infrared radiation carbonization is as follows: Polyethylene ◄ Thermal radiation, far-infrared radiation | (thermal decomposition) Low-molecular, organic matter 热-thermal radiation, far-infrared radiation (thermal decomposition) Low molecular weight, organic matter ►Carbo atom (C) (thermal decomposition, thermal oxidative decomposition, oxidation) Inorganic substance, carbonic acid gas co2, H20 [Embodiment] The specific structure of the present invention will be described below by way of illustration. In the figure, the carbonization apparatus of the present invention mainly comprises a body 1, a carbonization vessel 2, a stirrer 3, a ash discharge control valve 4, a first smoke elimination/deodorizer 5, a first water pump 6, and a scraping device 7, The second water pump 8, the second smoke eliminating and deodorizing device 9, the PLC automatic control system 10, and the main body steel frame 1 1 are formed. Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a specific embodiment of the carbonization apparatus of the present invention -10- (8) (8) 200837183. Among them, the body 1 of the carbonization apparatus and the inner and outer walls of the carbonization container 2 inside thereof are made of a durable metal material. The inner and outer walls are filled with a lightweight heat insulating material such as ceramic fiber or calcium silicate, and a space 2a is formed inside the carbonized container 2. The sealing cover 1a can be closed by the rotating arm 1c, and then rotated by the hydraulic cylinder into the hook 1b to form a sealed space in which the waste can be placed. Further, the far-infrared ceramic heater 2b is disposed at the top of the container of the above-described body i, the present invention uses the far-infrared ceramic heater 2b, and the auxiliary fuel burner 2d can use a gas or diesel burner to assist in heating the carbonization container. The ceramic layer 2c inside the carbonization container generates far-infrared radiant heat, so that the internal space of the carbonization container 2a forms the radiant heat of the entire far-infrared rays. 2 is a structural view showing the carbonization container 2, the far-infrared ceramic layer 2c is applied to the inner wall of the carbonization container 2, and the sealing cover 1a is controlled by the hydraulic cylinder via the PLC automatic control system 10 to control the opening of the door or Turning off the waste into the container space 2a, when the carbonization container sealing cover 1a is closed, starting the heating of the far-infrared ceramic heater 2b, and starting the auxiliary fuel burner 2d to assist the heating, passing the far-infrared ceramic heater 2b and Heating of the auxiliary fuel burner 2d heats the waste in the vessel to 400 ° C, and further heats the waste in the carbonization vessel by the radiant heat generated by the far-infrared ceramic layer 2c, and promotes gasification by drying and thermal decomposition steps. evaporation. The auxiliary fuel burner 2d is heated by the principle of thermal effect and then enters the spiral flue through the flue port 1 e to discharge the exhaust gas to the exhaust to the outlet 1 f. The vaporization gas passage control valve 2h is opened and connected to the first -11 - (9) 200837183 smoke suppressing and deodorizing device 5 via the exhaust passage 2i, and the ash control valve 4 is closed. When the temperature in the vessel reaches 28 °C, the agitator 3 is started to stir the waste in the carbonization vessel to accelerate carbonization. When the temperature in the vessel reaches 300 ° C, the sprinkler 2j is activated and the sprinkling amount and interval are controlled. Accelerate cracking and oxidation, and set the inside of the container. * When the air pressure in the container exceeds the set threshold, the air pressure relief valve 2g ° that is deflated and alarmed. See also Figure 1, Figure 3A and Figure 4 for the following. # The first smoke elimination and deodorizer 5 is a catalyst 5c that uses a built-in catalytic catalyst to chemically and physically oxidize and decompose carbon compounds in the flue gas to form a low molecular weight, using the first water pump 6 The carbon compound in the flue gas is attracted to the surface of the cooling water tank 6a by applying the constant suction principle and sucking the flue gas by the drop of the water. on. Since the step 7c of the (water line) partition 7d is provided between the cooling water tank 6a and the oil storage tank 7a (as shown in Fig. 5), when the grease condensation of the water tank 6a rises beyond the partition 7d and is introduced into the oil storage tank 7a. The oil slick component can be scraped off and stored in the sealed oil storage tank 7c by the scraping brush 7b, and the remaining trace residual light molecular compound is subjected to the second water washing by the suction of the second water pump 8 to make the residual light molecular compound It is combined with the alkaline water of the water tank 8a. The first anti-smoke/deodorizer 5 functions, and the built-in catalytic catalyst 5c thermally and chemically decomposes the vaporized product in the vessel by the heater 5a, and heats the oxidation catalyst 5b to 250 °. C decomposes the vapor and the flue gas to form a low molecular gas. As shown in Fig. 3B, the second smoke eliminating/deodorizing device 9 functions as a built-in 12-(10) (10) 200837183 catalyst catalyst 9a and oxidation catalyst 9b are heated to 350 ° by heater 9c. After C, chemically and physically oxidizes, decomposes, and injects strontium 3 to decompose harmful substances, removes trace amounts of light molecules and odors, and discharges them from the exhaust port 9e to the atmosphere. Hereinafter, the chemical reaction of the catalytic catalyst 5 c and the oxidation catalyst 5b in the first smoke eliminating/deodorizing device 5 will be described as follows. First, the catalyst heater 5a is heated to 250 ° C to completely oxidize and decompose the vapor. For example: plastic PE, PVC, silicone, etc.
CmHn +〇2 催化劑- + C02 小 + h2o (ch3)3n+o2 催化劑- + co2 小 + h2o+n2 VOC + 02 催化劑- -► C〇2 A + h2o 其次，如上上述，第2消煙·除臭器9內之除臭劑9a 的主要成分爲珊瑚碳酸鈣多孔性珊瑚礁粒、負離子瓷化顆 粒並使用生石灰進行鹼性中和，及氧化觸媒9b氧化及注 入臭氧的作用其（化學反應）如下 首先，將催化觸媒9a及氧化觸媒9b以加熱器9c加 熱至35 0°C使氧化物完全氧化分解後，開啓臭氧機9d注人 〇3分解有害物質後’將處理後的清潔空氣排放出排氣口 -13- (11)200837183 CO + 1/2〇2 催化劑 C〇2 Hydrocarbons + 〇2 催化齊| CO +H20 H2+l/2〇2 催化劑 h2o NO + H2 催化劑 1/2n2 + h20 Hydrocarbons + NO 催化劑 N2 +H20 + co2 co + h2o 催化劑 C02 + H2 2NO + 2CO 催化劑 N2 + 2C02 CH2COOH + O3 (C〇2)n + (H2〇)m H2CCHCI +O3 H20 十 C02 + C1 Cl + H20 + Na0H NaCl ψ + Η20 最後，將容器內廢棄物碳化後所剩餘微量的碳 由排灰裝置4及排灰控制閥4a排入儲灰桶4b內， 濾網4c過濾後儲存於上述桶4b中，並以手動出 定量控制排灰，利用塑膠袋或麻袋接至出灰口 4e 其灰渣經過完全碳化後可作爲一般的廢棄物處理或 壤混合物使用。 〔發明效果〕 根據本發明的碳化裝置，碳化容器內使用遠紅 瓷加熱器形成整體遠紅外線的輻射熱的加熱，因此 整體遠紅外線輻射熱的加熱，使碳化容器內的醫療 或一般廢棄物獲得良好且均勻的熱貫穿效果，碳化 密閉以水幫浦吸引形成負壓因此不會因過熱而燃燒 在處理醫療廢棄物時，大部分爲聚乙烯或樹脂類的 可利用遠紅外線輻射熱碳化促進其穩定熱分解來缩 時間，並以熱分解形成低分子化合物後，不再反應 害物質。 碳化容器的內璧塗裝遠紅外線的陶瓷層，廢棄 化物經 並經由 R閥4d 裝塡， 作爲土 外線陶 可透過 廢棄物 容器爲 ，尤其 物質， 短處理 成爲有 物除了 -14- (12) (12)200837183 可利用遠紅外線陶瓷加熱器加熱之外，並可以燃氣具加熱 於碳化容器藉由外部的加熱使遠紅外線陶瓷層形成遠紅外 線輻射熱，其可互補遠紅外線陶瓷加熱器的加熱更能縮短 處理時間，並可節省電費燃料費。 碳化容器內形成遠紅外線的陶瓷層，不會有碳化物附 著在內表面上之虞。 容器內置攪拌器3經由控制器3 a帶動馬達將攪拌器 連桿上升到近垂直之1 70角度後釋放其控制，而藉著上述 攪拌器3自由落體擺動的重量將容器內的廢棄物打碎，可 使廢棄物獲得均熱加速碳化，可節省處理時間及費用。 利用水幫浦將容器內氣化物吸引使容器內形成負壓， 不會有煙惡臭等洩漏之虞，更可加速碳化時間，其結構簡 單並可長期使用。由水幫浦吸引容器內所產生的氣化物水 洗冷卻和水槽中1 8脂酸作用擬結油脂物質（裂解油）， 其物質具有高燃値，可回收再利用之價値，符合世界環保 要求之回收機制。 由於第1及第2消煙•除臭器具有高效果，不會造成 公害。 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖是本發明碳化裝置之具體實施例的剖視圖。 第2圖是本發明碳化容器的結構圖。 第3圖是本發明第1及第2消煙•除臭器的結構圖。 第4圖是本發明碳化裝置中循環水幫浦的結構圖。 -15- (13) 200837183 第5圖是本發明碳化裝置中刮油裝置的結構圖。 【主要元件之符號說明】 1 :本體 " 1 a :本體之密封蓋 1 b :卡飽 1 c :旋轉臂 • 1 e :煙道CmHn +〇2 catalyst - + C02 small + h2o (ch3)3n+o2 catalyst - + co2 small + h2o + n2 VOC + 02 catalyst - -► C〇2 A + h2o Next, as above, the second smoke elimination The main component of the deodorant 9a in the odorizer 9 is coral coral calcium porous coral reef granules, negative ion porcelain granules, alkaline neutralization using quicklime, and oxidation catalyst 9b oxidation and ozone injection (chemical reaction). First, the catalytic catalyst 9a and the oxidation catalyst 9b are heated to 350 ° C by the heater 9c to completely oxidize and decompose the oxide, and then the ozone machine 9d is turned on to inject 3 into the decomposed harmful substances. Emission vent 13- (11)200837183 CO + 1/2〇2 Catalyst C〇2 Hydrocarbons + 〇2 Catalyst | CO +H20 H2+l/2〇2 Catalyst h2o NO + H2 Catalyst 1/2n2 + H20 Hydrocarbons + NO Catalyst N2 + H20 + co2 co + h2o Catalyst C02 + H2 2NO + 2CO Catalyst N2 + 2C02 CH2COOH + O3 (C〇2)n + (H2〇)m H2CCHCI +O3 H20 Ten C02 + C1 Cl + H20 + Na0H NaCl ψ + Η20 Finally, the amount of carbon remaining in the container after carbonization is discharged The ash device 4 and the ash discharge control valve 4a are discharged into the ash storage tank 4b, and the filter screen 4c is filtered and stored in the barrel 4b, and is manually controlled to quantitatively control the ash discharge, and is connected to the ash outlet 4e by using a plastic bag or a sack. The ash can be used as a general waste treatment or a mixture of soils after being completely carbonized. [Effect of the Invention] According to the carbonization apparatus of the present invention, the far-red porcelain heater is used in the carbonization container to form the heating of the radiant heat of the entire far-infrared rays, so that the heating of the entire far-infrared radiant heat makes the medical or general waste in the carbonization container obtain good and Uniform heat penetration effect, carbonized sealing is attracted by water pump to form negative pressure, so it will not burn due to overheating. When treating medical waste, most of it is polyethylene or resin. It can be heated by carbonization of far infrared ray to promote its stable thermal decomposition. After shrinking time and forming a low molecular compound by thermal decomposition, the harmful substances are no longer reacted. The inner layer of the carbonization vessel is coated with a ceramic layer of far-infrared rays, and the waste material is installed through the R valve 4d, and is used as a soil outside the earth to pass through the waste container, especially for the substance, and the short treatment becomes a substance except for -14- (12) (12)200837183 It can be heated by far-infrared ceramic heater, and can be heated in a carbonization vessel by external heating to form far-infrared radiant heat by external heating, which can complement the heating of far-infrared ceramic heater. It can shorten the processing time and save electricity costs. A ceramic layer of far infrared rays is formed in the carbonization vessel, and there is no possibility that carbide adheres to the inner surface. The container built-in agitator 3 drives the motor to raise the agitator link to a near vertical angle of 1 70 via the controller 3 a to release its control, and the waste in the container is broken by the weight of the agitator 3 freely falling and swinging. It can make the waste get the soaking and accelerated carbonization, which can save processing time and cost. The water pump is used to attract the vapor in the container to form a negative pressure inside the container, so that there is no leakage such as smoke and odor, and the carbonization time can be accelerated, and the structure is simple and long-term use. The water pump is used to attract the vaporization of the gas generated in the container to cool and cool the oil and fat in the water tank (the pyrolysis oil). The substance has high burning and can be recycled and reused, which meets the requirements of the world environmental protection. Recycling mechanism. Since the 1st and 2nd smoke elimination/deodorizers have high effects, they do not cause pollution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a specific embodiment of a carbonization apparatus of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a structural view of a carbonization container of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a structural view showing the first and second smoke suppressing and deodorizing devices of the present invention. Fig. 4 is a structural view showing a circulating water pump in the carbonization apparatus of the present invention. -15- (13) 200837183 Fig. 5 is a structural view of the oil scraping device in the carbonization apparatus of the present invention. [Symbol description of main components] 1 : Body " 1 a : Sealing cover of the body 1 b : Card full 1 c : Rotating arm • 1 e : Flue
If :煙道出口 8 :碳化容器 2a :碳化容器空間 2b :遠紅外線陶瓷加熱器 2c :遠紅外線陶瓷層 2d :輔助燃料燃燒機 2g :安全氣閥 • 2h :蒸發氣化物通道控制閥 2i :注水口 3 :攪拌器 3 a :控制器 4 :排灰控制閥 4a :抽灰幫浦 4b :儲灰桶 4c :儲灰桶濾網 4d :手動出灰閥 -16- (14) 200837183 4e :出灰口 5:第1消煙·除臭器 5 a :加熱器 5b :氧化觸媒 ^ 5c :催化觸媒催化劑 6 :第1水幫浦 6 a :水箱 • 7 :刮油裝置 7 a :儲油水槽 7b :刮油刷 7 c :儲油槽 7 d :水位線隔板 8 :第2水幫浦 9 :第2消煙·除臭器 9a :催化觸媒催化劑 • 9b :氧化觸媒 9 c :加熱器 9d :臭氧機 9 e :排氣口 10 : PLC自動控制系統 11 :本體底座鋼架。 -17-If : Flue outlet 8 : Carbonization vessel 2a : Carbonization vessel space 2b : Far infrared ceramic heater 2c : Far infrared ceramic layer 2d : Auxiliary fuel burner 2g : Safety valve • 2h : Evaporative vaporization channel control valve 2i : Note Nozzle 3: agitator 3 a : controller 4 : ash control valve 4a : ash pump 4b : ash tank 4c : ash tank filter 4d : manual ash valve - 16 - (14) 200837183 4e : Out Gray port 5: 1st smoke elimination/deodorizer 5 a : Heater 5b : Oxidation catalyst ^ 5c : Catalytic catalyst 6 : 1st water pump 6 a : Water tank • 7 : Oil scraping device 7 a : Storage Oil water tank 7b: oil scraping brush 7c: oil storage tank 7d: water level line partition 8: second water pump 9: second smoke eliminating/deodorizer 9a: catalytic catalyst catalyst • 9b: oxidation catalyst 9 c : Heater 9d : Ozone machine 9 e : Exhaust port 10 : PLC automatic control system 11 : Body base steel frame. -17-