CN1116127C - Far infrared heating carbonization apparatus - Google Patents
Far infrared heating carbonization apparatus Download PDFInfo
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- CN1116127C CN1116127C CN 00131782 CN00131782A CN1116127C CN 1116127 C CN1116127 C CN 1116127C CN 00131782 CN00131782 CN 00131782 CN 00131782 A CN00131782 A CN 00131782A CN 1116127 C CN1116127 C CN 1116127C
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- carbonization
- smoke
- smoke abatement
- far infrared
- deodorizer
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a far infrared carbonization device used for treating the kitchen garbage of families and dining rooms and hospital waste. The whole inner surface of the carbonation container (1) of the device forms a far infrared radiation ceramic coating (2), the kitchen garbage or the waste is put into the carbonation container, the heat of a far infrared radiation ceramic electric heating device (3) and the radiant heat of far infrared radiation ceramic coating (2) formed by the whole inner surface of the carbonation container (1) are used for forming whole far infrared radiation heat in the container to carry out drying and thermal decomposition to the kitchen garbage or the waste, and finally, only carbonation ingredients are left in the carbonation container. Smoke abatement and deodorization are carried out to evaporating ingredients in the carbonization process by a first smoke abatement deodorizer (4) and a second smoke abatement deodorizer (6), and subsequently, the evaporating ingredients are discharged into the atmosphere.
Description
The present invention relates to a carbonization device using far infrared radiation heating to treat kitchen wastes (kitchen wastes, such as vegetable skin, leftovers, etc.) and wastes produced in general households, restaurants, ships, airplanes, hospitals, etc.
Conventionally, methods for treating kitchen waste generated in general households include a method in which the kitchen waste is crushed and discharged together with waste water, a method in which the kitchen waste is incinerated using an incinerator, and a method in which the kitchen waste is treated by a biochemical technique, but any of the methods used in general households, restaurants, ships, and airplanes has many problems in terms of treatment capability, usability, cost, facilities, and the like.
In view of the above-described known problems, the present inventors have proposed a carbonization apparatus which is conveniently used for treating kitchen waste and waste in general households, restaurants, ships, and airplanes, and which provides a high-performance carbonization apparatus using far-infrared radiation heat and a special bead structure of a treatment vessel (carbonization vessel).
The following is a detailed description of the construction of the apparatus for carbonizing kitchen waste and waste.
1. The inner surface of the carbonization vessel for heat treatment is made of a far infrared ray radiation ceramic layer as a whole. The carbonized container is filled with crushed kitchen waste or the like, and the container is heated in a closed space by a far infrared ceramic heater, so that the kitchen waste or the like in the carbonized container is heated, dried and thermally decomposed by the heat generated by the method and far infrared radiation heat, and finally the aim of carbonization is achieved.
In far infrared ray radiation heat drying and thermal decomposition, the heat transfer method between objects includes three methods of heat conduction, convection and radiation (i.e. radiation). The former two require heat transfer medium, the transferred heat and the temperature difference T between the two objects1-T2Is in direct proportion. Thermal radiation is an electromagnetic wave, the heat transferred and T1 4-T2 4Is in direct proportion.
Infrared heating is the application of radiant heat to the heating and drying of a substance. Heating and drying by transferring heat with infrared rays can reduce energy loss in a medium such as air, and can easily match characteristics even when heat is transferred. The heat refers to kinetic energy such as interatomic vibration stored in an object from a molecular viewpoint.
When an object is heated by infrared rays, heating can be performed more efficiently by using radiation in an energy band (i.e., infrared-active reference vibration region) that contributes to movement between atoms of the heated object. Such as water (H)2O) is a 3-atom molecule with a reference vibration number of 3, that is, OH has a symmetric stretching vibration of 3652cm-1(2.7 μm) and reverse symmetric stretching vibration of 3756cm-1(2.66 μm) and variable angle vibration of 1595cm-1(6.27 mu m), the water molecules are light molecules, the binding force is strong, the basic absorption band is 2.7 mu m, and the infrared ray absorption band is close to the effective absorption of the infrared ray. Any substance emits infrared rays as long as it is not absolutely zero, but when used for heating and drying, the infrared emitter must have an infrared emission characteristic effective for promoting movement between heated atoms.
In the past, the drying is mostly carried out by a convection method of sending warm air into a drying chamber, which heats air into convection heat and transfers the heat to a heated body. If the vapor pressure of the water vapor generated by the heated material is increased, the drying is not easily performed even if the temperature is increased. The water vapor with energy must be discharged to the outside quickly, and the heat energy which is not used for drying is lost. If infrared heating is used, the object to be heated is directly heated without unnecessarily heating the air, and the evaporated water vapor is rapidly scattered to efficiently heat the object.
The present invention utilizes the infrared characteristic and adopts a heating and drying mode of forming integral far infrared radiation heat in the body to directly heat the heated object, so that the evaporated water vapor is quickly scattered, and the heated object is quickly carbonized by the aid of the rapid thermal decomposition effect of the air blower.
2. The catalyst is heated by far infrared radiation heat to eliminate smoke and deodorize the vapor generated by kitchen waste or other waste.
The use of the catalyst can lower the treatment temperature of the exhaust gas, and is as follows compared with the generally common VOC exhaust gas.
The main reactions of the heat carbonization treatment using the catalyst are as follows:
a comparison of typical VOCs using catalyst heating and no catalyst heating is as follows:
VOC catalyst-free heating catalyst heating
Toluene 550 deg.C 350 deg.C
560 ℃ C. of benzene 300 DEG C
Acetone 650 deg.C 250 deg.C
Phenol 700 deg.C 400 deg.C
Methanol at 460 ℃ and 150 DEG C
Formaldehyde at 430 ℃ and 300 DEG C
Butanol 350 deg.C 250 deg.C
Styrene 880 deg.C 350 deg.C
3. In the closed space, the container body of the carbonizing device is heated by a far infrared radiation heater. A far infrared radiation ceramic layer is formed on the whole inner surface of the carbonization container, the carbonization container is heated by a far infrared radiation ceramic electric heater, and kitchen waste or waste in the carbonization container is dried and thermally decomposed by the electric heating radiation heat of the far infrared radiation ceramic, and finally carbonized.
4. Smoke and vapor generated from kitchen waste or waste filled in the carbonization container are subjected to smoke elimination and deodorization treatment by using a smoke elimination and deodorization device containing a catalyst.
5. The blower is used for sucking smoke and gasified substances in the carbonization device body, so that negative pressure is formed in the carbonization device body, and smoke, stink and the like are prevented from leaking in the device body.
6. The smoke eliminating and deodorizing device may be divided into No. 1 smoke eliminating and deodorizing device and No. 2 smoke eliminating and deodorizing device. The main components of the No. 1 smoke eliminating and deodorizing device are filled with oxidation catalysts such as platinum, palladium, titanium oxide and the like; the 2 nd smoke eliminating and deodorizing device is smoke eliminating and deodorizing agent containing water coral calcium carbonate, silver coral calcium carbonate and porous magnetized coral grains and has ozone added to decompose harmful matter.
The using method of the carbonization device comprises the following steps:
the smashed kitchen waste or garbage is placed in the carbonization container, after the inner cover is covered, the operation switch is started to drive the ceramic electric heater, and the far infrared ceramic heater is used for heating the kitchen waste or garbage and the like in the carbonization container. The carbonization device is characterized in that carbonization is carried out under automatic temperature control, and combustion cannot occur due to overhigh temperature. The kitchen waste or refuse in the carbonization vessel is dried and thermally decomposed by heating with heat from the far infrared ceramic heater. After evaporation of the vapor, the smoke and the vapor are passed through the 1 st and 2 nd smoke and odor eliminating devices, and then discharged into the atmosphere after smoke elimination and odor elimination, and a trace amount of carbonized components remain in the carbonization vessel.
The carbonization device body and the carbonization container cover can be opened to take out the carbonization components remained in the carbonization container, or the whole carbonization container can be taken out from the device, thereby being conveniently cleaned and being very convenient to use.
The raw kitchen waste or refuse can be put into the carbonization vessel, or the raw kitchen waste or refuse can be put into the carbonization vessel. In addition, the time required for the treatment of kitchen waste or waste can be shortened by dehydrating the kitchen waste or waste, but in this case, theproblem of the treatment of waste water during dehydration must be considered. Therefore, under the condition of permission, the kitchen waste, the waste and the like can be dehydrated and then put into the carbonization container.
The invention relates to a far infrared medical waste carbonization method which comprises the following steps:
dioxin is a chlorine compound of oxygen atoms (for example, plastic bag contains dioxin component), and is formed from two oxygen atoms connected with a pair of benzene ring compounds. When a general combustion oxidative decomposition method is used, chlorine atoms in the combustion material form compounds. The method of the present invention is to evaporate and carbonize the waste by using far infrared radiation heat in a sealed state, and is completely different from a common combustion mode in principle. When oxygen atoms are not supplied, the amount of dioxin generated by the combination of oxygen atoms is much reduced compared with the combustion mode.
Most of the medical wastes are Polyethylene (Polyethylene) or organic Silicon (Silicon) resin, after the medical wastes are thermally decomposed into low molecular weight substances by the far infrared ray radiation thermal carbonization method, chlorine compounds cannot be combined with the medical wastes, and the Polyethylene is a similar low molecular weight substance, so that the Polyethylene cannot be combined into dioxin in real time.
Action of far infrared rays
H-H-H-H
The structure of polyethylene → -C-C →
H-H-H-H
The chemical formula is as follows: combinations of C-C, C-H
The C-C bond of polyethylene absorbs a specific wavelength of far infrared radiation, and the C-H bond thereof decomposes into active radicals after absorbing another specific wavelength of far infrared radiation. When the C-C bond and C-H bond of polyethylene absorb far infrared ray to break and decompose into low molecular free radical and hydrogen free radical, and react in water, the polyethylene free radical is low molecular substance, and reacts with hydrogen free radical to form stable low molecular substance. The C-C, C-H bond in the low molecular substance is radiated by far infrared ray to form lower molecular active substance. It reacts with oxygen atoms to form an oxidizing gas, an aqueous inorganic substance. Finally, the organic matter can be completely neutralized. The far infrared radiation carbonization procedure is as follows:
polyethylene (Polyethylene) ← heat radiation, far infrared radiation
↓ (thermolysis)
Low molecular weight organic substance ← thermal radiation, far infrared radiation
↓ (thermolysis)
Low molecular weight, organic → carbon atom (C)
(thermal decomposition, thermal oxidative decomposition, Oxidation)
Inorganic substance, carbonic acid gas CO2、H2O
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a concrete example of a carbonizing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a carbonation vessel in the carbonation apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a perspective view of the carbonisation vessel of fig. 2. The carbonizing apparatus can be applied to general households, restaurants, ships, medical institutions, and the like.
In the drawing, reference numeral 1 denotes a carbonization vessel, reference numeral 2 denotes a far-infrared ceramic layer, reference numeral 3 denotes a far-infrared ceramic radiation heater, reference numeral 4 denotes a 1 st smoke elimination and deodorization device, reference numeral 5 denotes an oxidation catalyst, reference numeral 6 denotes a heater for a catalyst, reference numeral 7 denotes a carbonization device body, reference numeral 8 denotes a device body cover, reference numeral 9 denotes a device body door hinge, reference numeral 10 denotes a carbonization vessel cover, reference numeral 11 denotes a carbonization vessel cover handle, reference numeral 12 denotes a carbonization vessel cover exhaust hole, reference numeral 13 denotes a cooler, reference numeral 14 denotes a folding cooling cylinder, reference numeral 15 denotes a cooling cylinder, reference numeral 16 denotes a cooling fan, reference numeral 17 denotes an exhaust passage, reference numeral 18 denotes a blower, reference numeral 19 denotes a 2 nd smoke elimination and deodorization device, reference numeral 20 denotes a 2 nd smoke elimination and deodorization agent, reference numeral 21 denotes a blower generator, reference numeral 22 denotes an ozone generator, reference numeral 23 denotes a carbonization.
In fig. 1 to 3, the inner casing wall of the carbonizing device body 7 is made of a metal material, and light heat insulating material such as calcium silicate board or magnetized fiber is filled between the inner and outer casing walls. A space 7a is formed inside the body 7, and an outer cover 8 whose upper portion is made of a heat insulating material is freely opened and closed by a door hinge 9. The outer lid 8 can be freely opened and closed by other methods.
Thefar-red ceramic electric heater 3 is located at the bottom of the space 7a of the body 7. The present invention uses a far red line ceramic electric heater, but a fuel heater may also be used to heat the far red line ceramic to generate infrared radiation heat.
The carbonization container 1 is positioned on the far-infrared ceramic electric heater 3, and the carbonization container 1 can integrally generate far-infrared radiation heat. Fig. 2 and 3 show a top view and a perspective view of the carbonization vessel 1. The inner lid 10 covers the opening of the carbonation container 1. It can be freely opened and closed by using a handle 11 and a plurality of exhaust ports 12 are appropriately provided.
The 1 st smoke eliminator 4 is installed outside the furnace, and the 1 st smoke eliminator 4 is filled with a main oxidation catalyst 5 such as platinum, palladium and titanium oxide, and a heater 6 capable of promoting the reaction is installed. The air-cooled cooler 13 is used to cool the exhaust gas from the 1 st smoke elimination and deodorization unit 4. 14 is a folding cooling cylinder, 15 is a cooling cylinder, and a cooling fan 16 sends air into the cylinder 15.
The 2 nd smoke elimination and deodorization device 19 is installed at the lower side of the blower 18, the 2 nd smoke elimination and deodorization device 19 is provided with water-containing coral calcium carbonate, silver-containing coral reef powder and porous magnetized coral particles as smoke elimination and deodorization agent 20 and ozone which can decompose harmful substances, the ozone generator 21 is provided with a blower 22 which can blow the ozone into the 2 nd smoke elimination and deodorization agent 20.
The inner surface 23 of the carbonization vessel 1 includes the inner surface of the inner lid 10, and forms a far infrared ray radiating ceramic layer.
In the operation of the above-described embodiment of the carbonizing apparatus, the outer lid 8 is opened, the inner lid 10 is opened by holding the handle 11, 1000g of the pulverized food waste or garbage is put into the carbonizing container 1, the inner lid 10 and the outer lid 8 are closed, the operation switch is turned on, and the food waste or garbage is heated to about 350 ℃ by the porcelain electric heater 3. In addition, the radiant heat generated by the far infrared radiation ceramic layer 2 is used to heat the kitchen waste or the waste in the carbonization container 1, and the evaporation of the vapor can be promoted through the drying and thermal decomposition steps. The oxidation catalyst 5 in the No. 1 smoke eliminator 4 is used to oxidize the odor components of the vapor and carbon compounds in the smoke. After air cooling, a trace amount of residual offensive odor components reaches the 2 nd smoke elimination and deodorization device 19 and is removed by a deodorant.
The smoke-eliminating and deodorizing agent 20 chemically or physically removes residual offensive odor components not oxidized at the previous stage and generates ozone (O)3) The harmful substances are decomposed and then discharged into the atmosphere. In this example, the carbonization treatment was completed about 90 minutes after the start of the operation. The amount of final carbide remaining in the carbonization vessel 1 was 100 g.
Next, the action (chemical reaction) of the oxidation catalyst 5 in the first smoke eliminator 4 will be described as follows.
First, the oxidation catalyst 5 is heated to 400 ℃ or higher by the catalyst heater 6 to completely oxidize and decompose the vapor.
Example (c): ammonia
Next, as described above, the deodorizer 20 in the smoke elimination and deodorization device 2 is mainly composed of hydrous coral calcium carbonate, silver-containing coral reef powder, porous coral grains, or alkali-neutralized with quick lime. The ozone generator 21 can inject the generated ozone into the deodorizer 20, and the ozone can generate strong oxidation effect in water to decompose harmful substances therein. Example (c): the malodorous gas chemically reacts with the deodorizer as follows.
The far infrared ray radiation heat carbonization apparatus of the present invention has the following effects.
1. Since the carbonization vessel is heated by the far infrared ceramic heater, the kitchen waste or the like in the carbonization vessel can be heated by the whole far infrared radiant heat, and a good and uniform heat penetration effect can be obtained, so that the carbonization vessel is not overheated and incinerated. Particularly, when medical waste is treated, most of the medical waste is polyethylene or resin substances, and the treatment time can be shortened by promoting the stable thermal decomposition of the medical waste by using the far infrared radiation thermal carbonization, so that the medical waste does not react to be harmful substances after being thermally decomposed to form low molecular compounds.
2. The inner surface of the carbonization container is integrally formed with a far infrared radiation ceramic layer, kitchen wastes and wastes can be heated by a far infrared ceramic heater and a gas burner and the like on the far infrared ceramic plate, and the kitchen wastes and the wastes are heated by far infrared radiation heat, so that the processing time can be shortened, and the electricity fee and the gas fee can be saved.
3. The No. 1 and No. 2 smoke eliminating and deodorizing devices have high deodorizing effect and no environmental pollution.
4. Since the vapor in the main body of the carbonizing device can be extracted by the blower, the main body is formed with negative pressure, and there is no fear of smoke, foul odor, etc. leaking out of the main body.
5. The formation of the far infrared radiation ceramic layer in the carbonization vessel does not cause the carbide to adhere to the inner surface.
6. The carbonization furnace is integrally formed with far infrared radiation heat, and the heat radiation of kitchen waste or waste in the carbonization container is well penetrated, thereby having high average temperature receiving efficiency.
Claims (6)
1. A far infrared ray radiation carbonizing apparatus comprising: a closed carbonization device body (7), a carbonization container (1), a heater (3), a first smoke abatement and deodorization device (4, 19), a cooler (13) and an exhaust passage (17);
wherein the carbonization device body (7) comprises a device body outer cover (8) and a device body door hinge (9);
the carbonization container (1) is positioned in the carbonization device body (7), and a far infrared radiation ceramic layer (2) is formed on the whole inner surface of the carbonization container;
the heater (3) is positioned below the carbonization container (1);
the first smoke abatement deodorizer (4) is positioned above the carbonization container (1), is embedded into and penetrates through the wall above the device, and is externally connected with an exhaust passage (17);
the cooler (13) is connected to the middle section of the exhaust passage (17) and communicated with the exhaust passage (17);
the second smoke abatement deodorizer (19) is arranged outside the device body (7) and is communicated with the exhaust passage (17) through a pipe, and the horizontal position of the second smoke abatement deodorizer is lower than that of the first smoke abatement deodorizer.
2. The carbonizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first smoke abatement and deodorizing device (4) contains an oxidation catalyst (5), and the second smoke abatement and deodorizing device (19) contains a smoke abatement and deodorizing agent.
3. Carbonizing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the heater (3) is an electric heater or a fuel heater.
4. Carbonizing apparatus according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises at least one first smoke abatement and deodorizer and at least one second smoke abatement and deodorizer connected to the exhaust gas passage.
5. The carbonizing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a blower (18, 22) and an ozone generator (21), the blower (18) being located in the exhaust passage (17) between the first and second smoke and odor eliminators; the ozone generator (21) is communicated with the second blower (22), and is positioned near the second smoke abatement and deodorization device and is communicated with the second smoke abatement and deodorization device.
6. The carbonizing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the oxidation catalyst (5) in the first smoke elimination and deodorization machine is platinum, palladium and titanium oxide, and the smoke elimination and deodorization agent in the second smoke elimination and deodorization machine is hydrous coral calcium carbonate, silver-containing coral reef powder, porous coral grains and ozone.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00131782 CN1116127C (en) | 2000-10-20 | 2000-10-20 | Far infrared heating carbonization apparatus |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00131782 CN1116127C (en) | 2000-10-20 | 2000-10-20 | Far infrared heating carbonization apparatus |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1349859A CN1349859A (en) | 2002-05-22 |
| CN1116127C true CN1116127C (en) | 2003-07-30 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 00131782 Expired - Fee Related CN1116127C (en) | 2000-10-20 | 2000-10-20 | Far infrared heating carbonization apparatus |
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| CN (1) | CN1116127C (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101264479B (en) * | 2007-03-15 | 2011-09-07 | 珊瑚海生化科技股份有限公司 | Carbonization device |
| CN102500593B (en) * | 2011-09-30 | 2014-04-09 | 江苏大学 | Household kitchen waste disposer |
| CN102671923A (en) * | 2012-05-28 | 2012-09-19 | 胡志超 | Medical waste sterilizing circulating system |
| CN103639416B (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2015-10-21 | 南昌航空大学 | A kind of High-temperature reduction carbonization device |
| CN103801551A (en) * | 2014-02-07 | 2014-05-21 | 北京中环境盈科技有限公司 | Organic garbage smoulder harmless reduction treatment system |
| CN106001045B (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2019-04-09 | 成和环保科技股份有限公司 | Organic matter carbonizing processing unit and carbonizing treatment method |
| CN105598137B (en) * | 2016-02-22 | 2017-09-12 | 长沙雷邦环保科技有限公司 | A kind of solid waste integrated synthesis processing unit |
| TWI753520B (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2022-01-21 | 朱清華 | Renewable resource treatment device of waste and method thereof |
| CN113231445B (en) * | 2021-05-18 | 2023-09-22 | 清远市宏保环保科技有限公司 | Microwave carbonization device for solid waste |
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- 2000-10-20 CN CN 00131782 patent/CN1116127C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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| CN1349859A (en) | 2002-05-22 |
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