JP2013011407A - Treating device and method for waste material containing moisture - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a treating device which is safe and has a simple device constitution capable of effectively treating waste materials containing moisture such as used paper diapers in a short time.SOLUTION: The treating device is constituted of a pyrolyzing chamber 2 for pyrolyzing the waste materials and a gas cleaning chamber 3 for cleaning generated gas containing pyrolyzed gas generated in a process for pyrolyzing by a catalyst 61, a microwave oscillator irradiating microwaves to the waste materials introduced into the pyrolyzing chamber 2 and a gas discharging opening 56 for supplying the generated pyrolyzed gas to the gas cleaning chamber are arranged in the pyrolyzing chamber 2, an electric heater 22 for heating and pyrolyzing the waste materials and a tubular fire floor rod 21 for sending in air are arranged in the pyrolyzing chamber 2, the waste materials are pyrolyzed by the electric heater 22 after drying the waste materials by the microwaves. Thereby, the waste materials are effectively pyrolyzed in a short time to make the pyrolyzed gas odorless and harmless by the catalyst 61.

Description

  The present invention relates to a processing apparatus and a processing method for waste containing water such as used paper diapers, and more particularly, generation of waste accompanied by pyrolysis gas and odor generated by heating with an electric heater and irradiation with microwaves. The present invention relates to a waste treatment apparatus and a treatment method that do not involve flame combustion in which gas is purified with a catalyst.

  In recent years, wastes such as used paper diapers have been discharged in large quantities from hospitals and elderly care facilities. These wastes contain infectious wastes and may be sterilized in the facility for hygiene purposes. However, these wastes contain components that emit odors such as feces and urine. If the treatment is not performed, a bad odor is generated.

Ordinary incineration treatment is not used in the facility at present due to stricter emission regulations. Because it may generate harmful substances such as dust, carbon monoxide, dioxin, etc., the law stipulates that the furnace should always be kept at a high temperature of 800 ° C or higher. There was a problem that it was expensive.
On the other hand, Patent Document 1 discloses a waste treatment apparatus that heats waste having a high water content such as waste such as garbage and human waste by microwaves and sufficiently feeds air to burn. Patent Document 2 discloses a carbonization apparatus for waste that does not involve flame combustion by heating and carbonizing waste containing water such as used paper diapers. Patent Document 3 discloses a method of irradiating infectious medical waste with microwaves to uniformly heat and dry the water in the waste to perform sterilization.

JP-A-1-263410 JP 2007-136328 A JP 2004-181022 A

  In the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, waste is heated by microwaves, and a combustible gas is generated and burned. Therefore, generation of dust and harmful substances is unavoidable, and microwave irradiation for a long time is necessary, and power consumption There is a problem that the running cost is high.

  In Patent Document 2, a long time is required for irradiation with microwaves for carbonization. In addition, high output is required, power consumption is large and the volume reduction rate of waste is small, and a screw conveyor is installed in the processing chamber to pulverize and discharge the carbide. There is a problem.

  The above-mentioned Patent Document 3 has a problem that the waste disposal cost increases because the sterilized waste is further processed as industrial waste without thermal decomposition.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and is a method in which air is limited and supplied to waste treatment, and pyrolysis gasification treatment is performed by external heating of waste using an electric heater as a heat source. In addition, it is configured by combining with a method of drying by generating water vapor by internal heating of the waste by microwave, and when the moisture of the waste is evaporated and dried by microwave during the thermal decomposition treatment, the decomposition gas is released into the outside air In addition, the system can continuously introduce the next waste without leaking odors, so that the volume of waste can be efficiently reduced in a short time and the generated gas such as pyrolysis gas can be sucked with a suction fan. An object of the present invention is to provide a waste treatment apparatus and a treatment method which can be led to a catalyst layer, oxidized with a catalyst, deodorized and detoxified, discharged at a low temperature, safe and simple in apparatus configuration.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention
[Claim 1] A waste treatment apparatus for treating the waste by irradiating the waste containing water introduced into the pyrolysis chamber with a microwave generated by a microwave transmitter, the treatment apparatus Has a pyrolysis chamber for pyrolyzing waste and a gas purification chamber for purifying generated gas containing pyrolysis gas generated in the process of pyrolysis by catalytic oxidation, and the pyrolysis chamber is subjected to the above heating process. A cylindrical fire bed bar that is provided with a gas discharge port for supplying the generated pyrolysis gas to the gas purification chamber, and that feeds air into the pyrolysis chamber to heat and decompose the waste. Is a waste processing apparatus.

  With this configuration, moisture contained in the waste is preferentially generated as water vapor by irradiation with microwaves, and the waste is dried. Therefore, the thermal decomposition of the waste by the electric heater is further promoted and efficiently shortened. Reduce waste volume on time.

  [Claim 2] A waste treatment apparatus for treating the waste by irradiating the waste containing water introduced into the pyrolysis chamber with a microwave generated by a microwave transmitter, the treatment apparatus Has a pyrolysis chamber for pyrolyzing waste and a gas purification chamber for purifying generated gas containing pyrolysis gas generated in the process of pyrolysis by catalytic oxidation, and the pyrolysis chamber is subjected to the above heating process. A cylindrical fire bed bar that is provided with a gas discharge port for supplying the generated pyrolysis gas to the gas purification chamber, and that feeds air into the pyrolysis chamber to heat and decompose the waste. And the cylindrical fire bed rod is connected to an air inflow adjustment mechanism for adjusting the amount of air necessary for the thermal decomposition of the waste and guiding the air into the thermal decomposition chamber. It is a processing device.

With this configuration, moisture contained in the waste is preferentially generated as water vapor by irradiation with microwaves, and the waste is dried. Therefore, the thermal decomposition of the waste by the electric heater is further promoted and efficiently shortened. Reduce waste volume on time.
In addition, by limiting the amount of air supplied to the pyrolysis chamber, it is possible to prevent the generation of a flame accompanying an increase in the pyrolysis temperature and to reliably carbonize the waste.
Furthermore, the carbonization treatment by thermal decomposition of the waste can be further promoted in combination with the evaporation and drying of the moisture of the waste preferentially by microwave irradiation.

  Claim 3 is a waste treatment apparatus for treating the waste by irradiating the waste containing water introduced into the pyrolysis chamber with microwaves generated by a microwave transmitter, wherein the treatment apparatus Has a pyrolysis chamber for pyrolyzing waste and a gas purification chamber for purifying generated gas containing pyrolysis gas generated in the process of pyrolysis by catalytic oxidation, and the pyrolysis chamber is subjected to the above heating process. A cylindrical fire bed bar that is provided with a gas discharge port for supplying generated pyrolysis gas to the gas purification chamber, and that feeds air into the pyrolysis chamber for heating and pyrolyzing the waste. And the cylindrical fire floor bar is connected to an air inflow adjusting mechanism for adjusting the amount of air necessary for the thermal decomposition of the waste and guiding the air into the thermal decomposition chamber, and further to the thermal decomposition chamber. Relaying the acceptance of the waste, the pyrolysis chamber A processing apparatus of waste, characterized in that the cracked gas is provided poured portion of the waste having a mechanism that does not leak to the outside air.

With this configuration, moisture contained in the waste is preferentially generated as water vapor by irradiation with microwaves, and the waste is dried. Therefore, the thermal decomposition of the waste by the electric heater is further promoted and efficiently shortened. Reduce waste volume on time.
In addition, since the cylindrical fire floor bar is connected to an air inflow adjustment mechanism that adjusts the amount of air necessary for pyrolyzing waste and directs the air into the pyrolysis chamber, the amount of air supplied to the pyrolysis chamber is reduced. This limits the generation of a flame associated with an increase in the thermal decomposition temperature, and the carbonization and ashing treatment of the waste can be performed reliably.
In addition, since a waste input unit having a mechanism that does not allow the pyrolysis gas to leak to the outside air is provided, even during the thermal decomposition process of the waste, at a certain time or when the volume reduction of the waste has progressed to some extent. Waste can be input, and waste processing time can be shortened.

Claim 4 is a waste processing apparatus for processing the waste by irradiating the waste containing water introduced into the pyrolysis chamber with microwaves generated by a microwave transmitter,
In the pyrolysis chamber, an electric heater for heating and decomposing the waste, and a cylindrical fire bed bar for sending air are provided.
An air inflow adjustment mechanism for adjusting the amount of air necessary for pyrolysis of waste and guiding the air into the pyrolysis chamber is connected to the cylindrical fire floor bar,
In the pyrolysis chamber, a waste input unit having a mechanism that relays the acceptance of the waste and does not leak the cracked gas in the pyrolysis chamber to the outside air,
In the pyrolysis chamber, an ash accumulation part is provided for dropping ash after pyrolysis from the gap between the electric heater in the fire bed and the cylindrical fire bed rod,
The accumulation part has an ash removal outlet through which the ash after decomposition of the waste can be taken out from outside, and an ash inspection lid is attached so as to be openable and closable through a seal for preventing gas leakage and microwave leakage. Characteristic waste treatment equipment.

  If comprised in this way, in addition to the matter achieved in the said Claim 3, since the ash depositing part was provided in the lower part of the electric heater of a firebed part and a cylindrical firebed bar, ash is an electric heater and a cylindrical fire. It can fall from the gap between the floor bar and deposit on the ash accumulation part, and the decomposed ash can be easily taken out from the outside.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, the electric heater forms a fire bed portion that is alternately arranged in parallel with the cylindrical fire bed rod that supplies a regulated amount of air, and is subjected to thermal decomposition treatment from each gap. In addition to providing an ash accumulating section that drops ash,
The waste processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste from the charging unit is placed on the fire bed.

  If comprised in this way, since the electric heater provided in the lower part in the pyrolysis chamber and the cylindrical fire bed rod are arranged in parallel alternately in the horizontal direction, the fire bed part is formed, and it is discarded on it. Objects can be placed directly, and the ash after the pyrolysis treatment can be dropped into the ash accumulation part from each gap.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the cylindrical fire floor bar has a plurality of air ports directed downward from the pyrolysis chamber, and an amount of air adjusted by the air inflow adjusting mechanism is supplied from the air port. The waste treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste treatment apparatus is a waste treatment apparatus.

  If comprised in this way, an air port will not be obstruct | occluded with the thrown-in waste, but air will be supplied to a firebed part so that it may spread over the whole from the downward direction. Furthermore, the fire bed portion of the present invention, which is composed of a cylindrical fire bed rod having an air port drilled downward and a rod-shaped electric heater, supplies the necessary heat source and air, so that the waste is directly pyrolyzed. It can function efficiently as a part.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, the air inflow adjustment mechanism includes a pipe that adjusts the amount of air necessary for pyrolysis and guides the air into the pyrolysis chamber, and adjusts the air intake and the air inflow amount outside the pyrolysis chamber. The waste treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising an air inflow control valve capable of detecting air and an air inflow sensor capable of detecting an air inflow amount.

  If comprised in this way, air quantity required for thermal decomposition can be taken in into a thermal decomposition chamber by the air inflow control valve and the air inflow sensor which can detect the inflow quantity of air. That is, when pyrolysis becomes active as described later, the amount of cracked gas increases and the temperature of the catalyst layer rises due to the catalytic oxidation reaction. Based on the temperature information, the air inflow control valve is controlled to close to reduce the intake air and heat. Degradation can be suppressed and slowed down. Further, when the temperature of the catalyst layer is lowered, the air inflow control valve is controlled to be opened so that thermal decomposition can be actively performed and continued. For this reason, it is not necessary to always turn on (ON) the electric heater of the firebed part, or to turn it off (OFF) regularly or control the electric heater based on the temperature information of the catalyst layer to reduce power consumption. can do. In addition, microwaves are irradiated to waste to preferentially evaporate and dry the water in the waste, but it is not necessary to always irradiate microwaves after drying, leading to further reduction in power consumption and overall Running costs can be reduced.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, the charging unit includes at least a charging lid that blocks outside air, a receiving door that blocks the pyrolysis chamber, and a receiving tray on which waste is placed, and the receiving door is interlocked with the receiving tray. And a mechanism for swinging the saucer base from the outside of the charging unit to open and close the receiving door of the charging unit and for putting waste on the tray plate into the pyrolysis chamber. The waste treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

  With this configuration, when the waste is thrown in, the outside air is shut off by opening and closing the charging lid alone, and at the same time, the receiving door can also shut off the pyrolysis chamber, so that the cracked gas and microwave can leak to the outside. Absent. In addition, waste can be introduced at regular intervals or at a stage where the volume reduction of the waste has progressed to some extent even during the thermal decomposition treatment of the waste, and the waste treatment time can be shortened.

  According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, when the receiving door tilts the receiving tray to the pyrolysis chamber side, the waste in the receiving tray can be moved from the receiving tray to the receiving door, and can be put into the pyrolysis chamber from the input portion. A waste disposal apparatus according to claim 8.

  With this configuration, the guide rods fixed on the both sides of the cradle door move along the guide grooves formed on the both side plates of the cradle base, so that the waste on the cradle base descends from the cradle base and is received. It moves to the base door and the discharge port of the input part is released and can be input into the pyrolysis chamber.

  Claim 10 is a method for treating waste containing water, wherein the waste is irradiated with microwaves to evaporate and dry the water in the waste, and the amount of air supplied to the thermal decomposition chamber is Limiting, pyrolysis by heating the waste with an electric heater and oxidizing the generated gas with an odor containing pyrolysis gas and water vapor with a catalyst to make it non-bromide and harmless This is a waste disposal method.

  With this configuration, moisture contained in the waste is preferentially generated as water vapor by irradiation with microwaves, and the waste is dried. Therefore, the thermal decomposition of the waste by the electric heater is further promoted and efficiently shortened. Reduce waste volume on time. In addition, by limiting the amount of air supplied to the pyrolysis chamber, it is possible to prevent the generation of a flame accompanying an increase in the pyrolysis temperature. Furthermore, the thermal decomposition of waste can be further promoted synergistically in combination with evaporation and drying of the moisture of the waste by microwave irradiation.

  Claim 11 is a method for treating water-containing waste, which restricts the amount of air supplied to the thermal decomposition chamber, heats the waste with an electric heater, and thermally decomposes the waste. When the moisture in the waste is evaporated and dried by irradiating the wave, the next waste is introduced without leaking the odor accompanying the pyrolysis gas and water vapor to the outside air, and contains the pyrolysis gas and water vapor. This is a waste treatment method that does not involve flame combustion, which comprises a step of oxidizing a generated gas accompanied by odor with a catalyst to make it non-bromide and harmless.

  If comprised in this way, since the volume reduction of a waste is also progressing when the drying process is complete | finished, the next waste can be thrown in and the further time reduction is possible.

  Claim 12 is a method for treating waste containing water, wherein the waste is irradiated with microwaves to evaporate and dry the water in the waste, and the amount of air supplied to the thermal decomposition chamber is The waste is thermally decomposed by heating with an electric heater, and the generated gas generated in the process of thermal decomposition is sucked with a suction fan to make negative pressure in the pyrolysis chamber, and the air inflow adjustment mechanism by the negative pressure The waste processing method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein an amount of air adjusted in step (b) is supplied to the fire bed portion through a cylindrical fire bed rod.

  With this configuration, the firebed portion sucks the cracked gas generated in the pyrolysis chamber by a suction fan attached to the discharge port of the gas purification chamber, and the pyrolysis chamber becomes negative pressure. The amount of air adjusted by the adjusting mechanism is supplied to the fire bed portion through the cylindrical fire bed rod and can function efficiently.

  Claim 13 is a method for treating waste containing water, wherein the waste containing water is pyrolyzed in a pyrolysis chamber at a heating temperature of 400 ° C. or less and a small amount of air necessary for pyrolysis. The waste treatment method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the method is a waste treatment method.

With this configuration, the electric heater is turned off by the temperature sensor installed in the pyrolysis chamber when the upper limit temperature reaches 450 ° C., and is turned on when the lower limit temperature (250 ° C.) is reached. Heat can be applied to the object, and the air used for the pyrolysis can be supplied to about 0.2 m ³ / min or less, and the pyrolysis can be performed without generating a flame due to heating of the waste.

Claim 14 is a method for treating a waste containing water, wherein the step of throwing the waste into the charging section includes at least the following steps. This is a waste disposal method described.
(1) Opening the charging lid, placing the waste on the tray in the charging section, closing the charging lid and compressing the waste on the tray;
(2) swinging the charging lever to open the receiving port of the pyrolysis chamber, and throwing the waste in the charging unit into the pyrolysis chamber along the tray base and the receiving door;
(3) Returning the input lever back to the original position, sealing the receiving door from the input portion, and thermally decomposing the input waste by irradiation with microwaves and heating with an electric heater; and (4) above ( 1) Repeat and put the waste to be processed next on the saucer base, close the input lid, then swing the input lever, and the waste again enters the pyrolysis chamber along the saucer base and the base door. Process.

  With this configuration, when the moisture in the waste is evaporated and dried by microwaves during the thermal decomposition process, the next waste can be continuously charged without leakage of cracked gas and odor to the outside air. Volume reduction of waste can be performed in a short time. In addition, the generated gas such as pyrolysis gas is guided to the catalyst layer with a suction fan, oxidized with the catalyst, deodorized and detoxified, discharged at low temperature, safe and simple in equipment configuration.

  Claim 15 is a method for treating a waste containing water, wherein the waste is irradiated with microwaves to preferentially heat and evaporate the water in the waste to a dry state of about 150 to about 200 ° C. In addition, the waste treatment method according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the waste is thermally decomposed by an electric heater in a range of about 250 ° C to about 450 ° C.

  With this configuration, the waste can be heated and evaporated by microwave irradiation to a dry state of about 150 to about 200 ° C., and controlled in a range of about 250 ° C. to about 450 ° C. by thermal decomposition of the electric heater. The processing speed of pyrolysis can be greatly improved. In addition, since carbonization and ashing after drying are not performed by microwave irradiation, electric power more than necessary is not consumed, and running costs can be suppressed.

16. A method for treating a waste containing water, wherein the method includes at least the following steps: The method for treating a waste according to any one of claims 10 to 15 It is.
(1) A step of controlling the temperature rise of the electric heater in the firebed portion before applying waste so as to give heat of about 400 ° C. to the waste;
(2) A step of controlling the temperature of the inlet of the catalyst layer to about 300 ° C. to about 350 ° C. with an electric heater in the gas purification chamber;
(3) actuating the intake fan and supplying a trace amount of air necessary for pyrolysis from the outside air to the fire bed by the air inflow control valve; and (4) irradiating the waste in the pyrolysis chamber with microwaves. .

  Claim 17 is a method for treating waste containing water, wherein the amount of air supplied to the pyrolysis chamber is based on temperature information of the catalyst layer, and when the temperature of the catalyst layer rises, air inflow control Controlling in the direction to close the valve, reducing the supply air, slowing down the thermal decomposition, and controlling the direction to open the air inflow control valve when the temperature of the catalyst layer is lowered, making the thermal decomposition active and continuing The waste processing method according to any one of claims 10 to 16.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the waste treatment apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail.

  In FIG. 1, 1 represents a processing apparatus of the present invention, 2 represents a thermal decomposition chamber constituting the main body of the present invention, and 3 represents a gas purification chamber for purifying the cracked gas generated in the thermal decomposition chamber 2. The pyrolysis chamber 2 is made of a metal such as stainless steel that reflects microwaves, and is formed in a box shape as a whole.

  In FIG. 2, reference numeral 22 denotes a bar-shaped electric heater, which is attached to the lower part of the pyrolysis chamber 2, and its tip reaches the vicinity of the inner wall 59 of the pyrolysis chamber 2. The electric heater 22 is configured to be controlled based on temperature information from a temperature sensor (not shown) provided in the catalyst layer 61, and the catalyst 65 of the catalyst layer 61 becomes abnormally hot and is thermally decomposed. When the thermal decomposition of the chamber 2 is severe, the electric heater 22 is turned off (OFF) to suppress the thermal decomposition. In the opposite case, the electric heater 22 is turned on (ON) to promote the thermal decomposition. Designed.

  In FIG. 3, reference numerals 21a, 21b, 21c denote cylindrical fire floor bars, which are juxtaposed in parallel with the electric heaters 22a-22f attached to the lower part of the thermal decomposition chamber 2 in the horizontal direction. It is fixed to the inner wall 59 of the chamber 2. The cylindrical fire floor bars 21 a to 21 c are formed with a plurality of air ports 23 at equal intervals toward the lower side of the pyrolysis chamber 2.

  In FIG. 4, reference numeral 50 denotes an air inflow adjusting mechanism, which is composed of a pipe 55 that adjusts the amount of air necessary for thermal decomposition and guides air into the thermal decomposition chamber 2, and includes an air intake 51 and its air inflow amount. An air inflow control valve 52 that can adjust the air inflow and an air inflow sensor 53 that can detect the amount of air inflow. The air inflow sensor 53 and the thermal decomposition chamber 2 are branched into three to form a branch pipe 54. The branch pipe 54 is bent outside the pyrolysis chamber 2, penetrates the side wall of the pyrolysis chamber 2, extends in parallel to the inside, and the tip thereof is sealed and fixed to the inner wall 59 of the pyrolysis chamber 2. (See FIG. 3). Further, the portion penetrating the side wall of the pyrolysis chamber 2 is also hermetically fixed to the side wall of the pyrolysis chamber 2 so that there is no leakage of outside air. The six electric heaters 22a to 22f and the three cylindrical firebed rods 21a to 21c form a firebed portion 20 (see FIG. 3). The water is evaporated, dried, and pyrolyzed.

  In FIG. 2, 10 represents a waste input unit. The input unit 10 has a mechanism for relaying the reception of the next waste and preventing the decomposition gas flowing into the input unit 10 from leaking outside when the waste is input into the thermal decomposition chamber 2. One charging lid 12 of the charging unit 10 is configured to block outside air by opening and closing alone, and the other receiving door 18 is located in the charging unit 10 and is configured to block the inside of the thermal decomposition chamber 2.

  In addition, the charging unit 10 has a tray 13 on which waste is placed and operates in conjunction with the receiving door 18. When the tray 13 is swung from the outside of the loading unit 10, The cradle door 18 is opened and closed, and the waste placed on the cradle base 13 of the loading unit 10 moves downward and is thrown into the thermal decomposition chamber 2 through the cradle door 18.

  A rectangular hole-shaped inlet 35 through which waste can pass is formed at the front of the pyrolysis chamber, and a rectangular hole-shaped outlet 36 is also formed on the input unit 10 side so as to fit the inlet 35. ing. A seal 16 for preventing gas leakage and preventing microwave leakage is attached to the outer edge of the receiving port 35 over the entire surface.

  The input unit 10 has an input port 11 through which the waste is input, and the input unit 11 can be sealed with a seal for preventing gas leakage and microwave leakage. A lid 12 is attached so as to be openable and closable. A tray base 13 on which waste is temporarily placed is horizontally disposed in the loading portion 10 below the loading lid 12, and a fulcrum shaft 101 serving as a swing fulcrum is fixed to both ends on the front side. . Both fulcrum shafts 101 are swingably fitted to bearings fixed to the input side plate. Further, a closing lever 14 extending to the outside of the charging portion 10 is fixed to one side of the fulcrum shaft 101.

Guide grooves 15 are formed on both side plates of the tray 13 so that waste can be pushed into the pyrolysis chamber 2 from the input unit 10. A fulcrum shaft 102 serving as a fulcrum for opening and closing is fixed to both ends of the lower part of the cradle door 18, and both fulcrum shafts 101 and 102 are fitted to a bearing fixed to the side plate of the insertion portion 10 so as to be openable and closable. ing.
Guide rods 17 are fixed on both sides of the upper portion of the cradle door 18, and the guide rods 17 are movably connected along guide grooves 15 formed on both sides of the cradle 13. The making lever 14 fixed to the receiving tray 13 has a grip portion 103 and can be swung to the near side by hand from the outside of the making portion 10. When the tray 13 in the charging unit 10 is tilted toward the pyrolysis chamber 2, the tray door 18 can be opened along the guide groove 15 around the fulcrum shaft 102. For this reason, the waste in the receiving tray 13 descends from the receiving tray 13 and moves to the receiving door 18 so that the discharge port 36 of the charging section 10 is released and preparation for charging into the thermal decomposition chamber 2 is possible.

  Further, when the feeding lever 14 is swung to the original position, the receiving tray 13 returns to the horizontal direction, and at the same time, the receiving door 18 closes around the fulcrum shaft 102 along the guide groove 15 of the receiving tray 13. Has been. Waste is thrown into the thermal decomposition chamber 2 in the process of closing the cradle door 18.

  In FIG. 2, 30 represents an ash accumulation part, and a space for collecting ash dropped from a gap between the electric heater 22 of the firebed part 20 and the cylindrical firebed bar 21 is formed. The ash accumulation part 30 has an ash removal outlet 31 through which ash after decomposition of waste can be taken out from the outside, and an ash check lid 32 is attached to be openable and closable through a seal for preventing gas leakage and microwave leakage. ing.

  In FIG. 2, a gas discharge port 56 for discharging cracked gas is formed on the upper surface of the thermal decomposition chamber 2, and a plurality of short tubes 57 are provided so as to be connected to the plurality of gas discharge ports 56. ing. The short tube 57 is set to have an appropriate length and diameter that prevent microwaves from entering the gas discharge port 56.

  In FIG. 4, a microwave waveguide 40 transmitted from a magnetron 42 is connected to the pyrolysis chamber 2 by a flange near the upper portion of the pyrolysis chamber 2. Between the microwave outlet 43 in the pyrolysis chamber 2 and the waveguide 40, odorous water vapor and decomposition gas are prevented from entering the magnetron 42 through the waveguide 40 and to prevent leakage of outside air. It is sealed and fixed with a heat-resistant material 41 such as several millimeters of plate-shaped Teflon (registered trademark) or quartz, which is a small dielectric (transmits microwaves but blocks gases).

  In FIG. 5, 71 represents the bottom space of the gas purification chamber 3. A bottom surface of the bottom space 71 is closely fixed to an upper surface of the pyrolysis chamber 2 in order to prevent gas leakage to the outside air.

  In FIG. 4, reference numeral 75 denotes a first side wall space portion formed between the outer side plate 72 of the gas purification chamber 3 and the inner side plate 74 holding the catalyst layer casing 73. The side wall space 75 communicates with the bottom space 71. Since the surface of the inner side plate 74 of the catalyst layer casing 73 is heated to high temperature by the catalytic reaction heat in the catalyst layer casing 73, the low-temperature cracked gas from the thermal decomposition chamber 2 passes through the first side wall space 75. Heat exchanged.

  On the upper left side of the first side wall space 75, a square hole-shaped inlet 76 for allowing the heat exchanged cracked gas to enter the catalyst layer casing 73 is formed.

  In FIG. 5, a second side wall space 77 is formed inside the catalyst layer casing 73 between the outer side plate 72 of the gas purification chamber 3 and the inner side plate 74 holding the catalyst layer casing 73. It becomes the passage of the exchanged cracked gas.

  A space 78 is formed near the lower portion of the catalyst layer casing 73, and an electric heater 70 for further raising the temperature of the heat exchanged cracked gas is disposed horizontally (FIG. 5). A first passage hole 79a is formed at the upper end of the space 78, and a temperature sensor 80 is attached in the vicinity thereof.

  In the catalyst casing 73, there are formed catalyst layers 61a to 61c into which detachable cartridges 62a to 62c filled with an oxidation catalyst are inserted. The upper and lower surfaces of all the catalyst layers are formed of gas such as punching metal. It has a structure that allows ventilation.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 5, one end of each of the partition plates 63 a to 63 c is alternately attached to the inner side plate 74 between the catalyst layers 61 a to 61 c, and the other end is separated from the opposing inner side wall 74. Passage holes 79a to 79c are formed to form cracked gas passages. Furthermore, spaces 64a to 64e are formed between the partition plates 63a to 63c and the catalyst layers 61a to 61c, respectively, and the cracked gas flows into the entire area of the catalyst layers 61a to 61c and is burned by the catalyst. Furthermore, a passage 81 and an outlet 82 for discharging the pyrolysis gas purified by the catalyst layer 61 c are connected to the suction fan 60 at the upper part of the gas purification chamber 3.

In a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, the pyrolysis chamber 2 pyrolyzes waste at a low temperature of about 400 ° C. or less, so that the air used for the pyrolysis is about 0.2 m ^3. / Min or less is preferable, and if the amount of air is more than that, the pyrolysis temperature may rise and flame may be generated.

  In a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, the firebed portion 20 sucks the cracked gas generated in the thermal decomposition chamber 2 by a suction fan 60 attached to the discharge port of the gas purification chamber 3, The amount of air adjusted by the air inflow adjusting mechanism 50 due to the negative pressure is supplied to the firebed portion 20 through the cylindrical firebed bar 21. In addition, the air port 23 is not blocked by the thrown-in waste, and air is supplied to the firebed 20 so as to reach the whole from below. Further, the firebed portion 20 of the present invention, which is composed of a cylindrical firebed rod 21 having an air port 23 drilled downward and a rod-shaped electric heater 22, supplies a necessary heat source and air, so that waste is not discharged. It can function efficiently as a direct thermal decomposition part.

  In a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, the air inflow control valve 52 can be adjusted by a manual valve that manually opens and closes the valve, but can also be adjusted by a control valve operated by a motor or the like. This control is performed using the temperature information of the catalyst layer 61 and can be determined by replacing the amount of gas generated in the thermal decomposition chamber 2 with the reaction temperature of the catalyst. That is, when thermal decomposition becomes active, the amount of cracked gas increases and the temperature of the catalyst layer 61 rises due to the catalytic oxidation reaction. Based on the temperature information, the air inflow control valve 52 is controlled in the closing direction so that the intake air is reduced and thermal decomposition is suppressed and slowed down. Further, when the temperature of the catalyst layer 61 is lowered, the air inflow control valve 52 is controlled to be opened, and thermal decomposition can be actively promoted and continued. (See Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-123902).

  In a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, the electric heater 22 of the firebed portion 20 of the present invention does not need to be constantly turned on (ON), but is periodically turned off (OFF) or the temperature of the catalyst layer 61 is increased. It can also be controlled based on the temperature information of the sensor. That is, the generation of cracked gas depends on the degree of progress of thermal decomposition, and the temperature of the catalyst layer 61 rises due to the generation of cracked gas, so the temperature state of the catalyst layer 61 directly represents the state of gas decomposition. When the temperature of the catalyst layer 61 is rising, the electric heater 22 can be turned off.

  Thus, in a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, the electric heater 22 can be controlled based on the temperature information of the catalyst layer 61 to reduce power consumption. In addition, microwaves are irradiated to waste to preferentially evaporate and dry the water in the waste, but it is not necessary to always irradiate microwaves after drying, leading to further reduction in power consumption and overall Running costs can be reduced.

Next, in a preferred embodiment of the method of the present invention, a series of movements of introducing waste into the input unit 10 will be described based on FIGS. 6a to 6g.
(1) First, when the input lid 12 at the top of the input unit 10 is opened, the waste 4 is placed on the tray 13 in the input unit and the input lid 12 is closed, the waste 4 on the tray 13 is compressed (FIG. 6a). FIG. 6b).
(2) Next, when the loading lever 14 is swung to the near side, the receiving port 35 formed on the front surface of the thermal decomposition chamber 2 is opened, and the waste 4 in the loading portion is transferred to the receiving tray 13 and the receiving door 18. And slides down into the pyrolysis chamber 2, and the waste 4 is thrown into the pyrolysis chamber 2 from the charging unit 10 (FIG. 6 c).
(3) When the loading lever 14 is returned to its original position, the receiving door 18 seals the loading portion 10 and the waste 4 thrown into the pyrolysis chamber 2 in this state is first discarded by irradiation with microwaves. 4 is thermally decomposed by evaporation of moisture, drying, and heating by an electric heater (FIGS. 6d and 6e).
(4) Next, the operation of the above (1) is repeated, and the waste 4 to be processed next is placed on the tray 13 and the closing lid 12 is closed. 4 slides down again into the pyrolysis chamber 2 along the tray 13 and the tray door 18 (FIGS. 6f and 6g).

  Note that the cradle door 18 is opened by the operations (2) and (4) described above, and in this state, the cracked gas from the thermal decomposition chamber 2 flows into the charging unit 10 but the charging lid 12 is closed. The cracked gas in 10 is sucked into the gas purification chamber 3 by a passage (not shown) that communicates between the input unit 10 and the gas purification chamber 3, and is processed there.

  In a preferred embodiment of the treatment method of the present invention, the waste put into the thermal decomposition chamber 2 is first evaporated and dried by microwave irradiation, and when the moisture in the waste becomes a certain amount or less, The wave stops. Thereafter, the electric heater 22 of the heat source thermally decomposes the waste from the outside to reduce the volume to some extent, and then inputs the next waste. For this reason, in this invention, the continuous short time processing of a waste material is possible.

  In a preferred embodiment of the treatment method of the present invention, the electric heater 22 is controlled to heat the waste in a temperature range of about 250 to about 450 ° C. When the electric heater 22 is turned on and off (ON-OFF), the waste in contact with the electric heater 22 generates gas from the outside and carbonization starts, and the carbonization proceeds to the inside of the waste and the carbonization state is changed. As it diffuses, the generation of gas stops. Further, the waste in contact with the electric heater 22 is carbonized as time passes and becomes ash, and the volume of waste is greatly reduced. Here, even if heat is temporarily applied to the waste and then the heat is removed, heat decomposition occurs due to the decomposition heat of the waste itself, and the thermal decomposition proceeds, but if there is a large amount of waste and the content of moisture In the decomposition process, moisture, tar and oil are generated in addition to the generation of gas, and the progress of the decomposition becomes slow and may end in an undecomposed or carbonized state. Therefore, the electric heater 22 is about 250 to about 450 ° C. It is preferable to perform on-off control so that heat is always applied to the waste within the range of.

  In a preferred embodiment of the treatment method of the present invention, microwaves are preferentially absorbed by moisture contained in waste by microwave irradiation, and the moisture is heated and evaporated to a dry state of about 150 to about 200 ° C. To do. The disadvantage of the thermal decomposition treatment is that the decomposition rate is remarkably reduced when the water content in the waste is large. However, the microwave irradiation is used for evaporation and drying of the water in the waste, and the electric heater 22 is thermally decomposed. By using it for processing, the processing speed of pyrolysis can be greatly improved. Also, if carbonization and ashing after drying are performed by microwave irradiation, it will consume more power than necessary because it requires long-time irradiation and high output, but in the present invention, microwave irradiation is a waste product. Since it is used for evaporation of moisture and drying treatment, running costs can be reduced.

  In a preferred embodiment of the treatment method of the present invention, the electric heater 22 is controlled by repeatedly energizing when the upper limit temperature (about 450 ° C.) is reached, and repeatedly energizing when the lower limit temperature (about 250 ° C.) is reached. It is preferable to always heat the waste. The microwave irradiation is performed by detecting the amount of vapor generated by a humidity sensor attached to the outlet 82 of the gas purification chamber 3, but it is not necessary to completely dry the water in the waste, and the time may be controlled by a timer. . For example, a method may be used in which the microwave irradiation time is determined in advance and the start of microwave irradiation is performed every time the waste is introduced. Thus, combining the thermal decomposition process by the electric heater 22 with the drying process by microwaves can complement each other's drawbacks and efficiently reduce the volume of the waste 4 in a short time.

  In a preferred embodiment of the processing method of the present invention, the waste processed in the processing apparatus 1 of the present invention includes waste containing water discharged from a hospital, a care facility for the elderly, etc., and these include infectiousness. Includes waste and non-infectious waste. Among them, highly water-absorbing polymers for waste materials with a high water content such as used paper diapers, especially absorbent polymers used for absorbent materials such as polymer products designed to have high water retention performance High-water-absorbing resins, polymer materials called polymer absorbers, and polymer resins such as polypropylene and polyethylene that have waterproof functions are used, and the materials have a low dielectric loss coefficient and absorb microwaves. It is a material that is difficult to be heated by microwaves because it is difficult to pass through, but the moisture contained therein has a large dielectric loss coefficient, and microwaves are selectively absorbed and heated by moisture through the material, so there is no heat loss. Highly efficient drying can be performed. In addition, the polymer resin after the drying treatment by microwaves has already been heated by the generation of water vapor, and since moisture has been removed, it can be easily pyrolyzed by heating the electric heater 22.

  When used paper diapers with a high moisture content with only microwaves are subjected to pyrolysis treatment, the temperature at the time when the evaporation of moisture contained in the material is completed is about 100 ° C. It takes a long time to raise the temperature of a polymer resin that is difficult to be heated to about 400 ° C., which is its decomposition temperature, and is not practical. Moreover, if water is evaporated only by microwave irradiation, more power than necessary is consumed.

  From the above, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electric heater 22 is used in combination with microwaves. Specifically, microwaves are used mainly to quickly convert the water inside the waste into hot water and move it from the inside of the waste to the outside by irradiating the waste with microwaves. Uses mainly the heat of the electric heater, and at least after the evaporation is completed, the microwave is not used, and the waste is decomposed only by heating the electric heater 22. As a result, even waste with a high water content can contribute to efficiency of thermal decomposition, improvement of processing speed, energy saving effect and reduction of running cost.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the following procedure is performed at the start of thermal decomposition.
(1) The temperature of the electric heater 22 of the firebed 20 is controlled so that heat of about 400 ° C. can be given to the waste before the waste is charged.
(2) The temperature of the electric heater 70 in the gas purification chamber 3 is controlled so that the inlet temperature of the catalyst layer 61 is about 300 ° C. to about 350 ° C.
(3) Then, the intake fan 60 is operated, and an appropriate amount of air is supplied from the outside air to the fire bed 20 of the pyrolysis chamber 2 by the control of the air inflow control valve 52.
(4) With the above preparation, it becomes possible to deal with purification of cracked gas generated simultaneously with the progress of thermal decomposition, and waste can be input.
(5) After that, when the microwave power is turned on, the microwave transmitted from the magnetron 42 is irradiated to the waste in the pyrolysis chamber 2 from the microwave outlet 43 through the waveguide 40 and the thermal decomposition process is started. The

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the microwave irradiation time in the thermal decomposition process is set by a timer capable of setting time, and the microwave is automatically stopped after the set time has elapsed. The automatic stop may be performed based on information of a humidity sensor attached to the outlet 82 of the gas purification chamber 3. The change in the humidity of the pyrolysis chamber 2 is that the evaporation is accelerated and the humidity rises when it is close to the boiling point of water by microwave irradiation, the humidity is kept near the boiling point of water, and the moisture content decreases as the evaporation of moisture proceeds. Therefore, the increased humidity starts to decrease. The microwave irradiation may be automatically stopped based on the humidity in the descending process, but if the input weight of the waste is constant and the types are limited, the timer may be automatically set by setting the time. .

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, waste can be introduced into the thermal decomposition chamber 2 at any time after the microwave irradiation is stopped, but the thermal decomposition proceeds and the volume of the waste is reduced to about half or less. If the volume is not reduced, the volume ratio of the waste gradually increases with respect to the volume of the thermal decomposition chamber 2, and the waste to be introduced next comes into contact with the waste being decomposed, which may hinder the introduction. is there. Therefore, it is necessary to perform thermal decomposition for a certain period of time after the microwave irradiation is stopped to reduce the volume of waste.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, 10 kg of used paper diaper is put into a garbage bag made of polyethylene and put into the thermal decomposition chamber 2. After about 60 minutes, the microwave is stopped, and after 30 minutes, the next weight of the same weight is used. The treatment was repeated with a charging cycle of about 90 minutes for charging used paper diapers and the like. As a result, without disturbing the charging, the volume was reduced to about 1/10 or less by weight in a good pyrolysis, resulting in ashing.

  Specifically, the temperature of the catalyst layer 61 showed an upward trend after about 5 to 10 minutes from the first waste input. This is a state in which the thermal decomposition of the waste starts, gas starts to be generated, and the gas oxidation reaction starts. In addition, as a result of examining the evaporation of moisture contained in the waste with a humidity sensor, it increased from about 10 minutes to about 30 minutes, then stabilized, and showed a downward trend from about 45 minutes. As a result, it was also found that the microwave irradiation time was about 60 minutes, and that the waste volume was about ½ or less after about 75 to 90 minutes from the input. For this reason, the next waste was thrown in about 30 minutes after the microwave stopped.

  From the results described above, the waste input timing is the same as the microwave irradiation time, the time is set by a timer and notified by an indicator lamp or the like, and the generation state of decomposition gas in the catalyst layer 61 of the gas purification chamber 3. It can also be determined based on temperature information.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in an atmosphere in which pyrolysis is generated at a temperature of about 400 ° C., the heat becomes a medium and the decomposition can be continued by heat propagation. However, if the waste to be decomposed contains a large amount of moisture, the heat of decomposition is used to raise or evaporate the water, causing a temporary drop in temperature, making it difficult to continue heat propagation. Therefore, the thermal decomposition can be continued efficiently by heating the moisture in the waste in advance by microwave irradiation, raising the temperature and evaporating.
The cracked gas generated by pyrolysis generates gaseous components such as hydrocarbons, hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and water vapor containing odor. Further, since pyrolysis is a low-temperature treatment, tar components and the like are also contained in the cracked gas.

Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in these processes, the cracked gas undergoes an oxidation reaction in the catalyst layer 61 in the gas purification chamber 3 to remove odors and render them harmless.
Since the temperature of the decomposition gas discharged from the main body of the thermal decomposition chamber 2 is a low temperature of about 150 to about 200 ° C., it is necessary to raise the temperature of the catalyst layer 61 again in order to purify the gas by the oxidation reaction of the catalyst. . This is because a noble metal catalyst generally used as an oxidation catalyst becomes active at a temperature of about 300 ° C. or higher. Accordingly, several rows of rod-shaped catalyst heating electric heaters 70 are provided in the vicinity of the catalyst layer inlet passage, and the temperature of the catalyst layer 61 is measured with a catalyst layer inlet temperature sensor so that the inlet temperature of the catalyst layer 61 is constantly raised to at least about 350 ° C., It is preferable to control the temperature of the electric heater 70 based on the temperature information.

  The temperature rising process of the catalyst layer 61 before the start of pyrolysis will be specifically described. Before the pyrolysis, the suction fan 60 that sucks the gas in the pyrolysis chamber 2 sucks only the outside air and is sucked. The outside air passes through the thermal decomposition chamber 2, passes through the catalyst layer 61 of the gas purification chamber 3, is discharged from the gas outlet portion 82, and is in a state where air flows. The outside air is warmed by the electric heater 70 for raising the catalyst temperature and enters the catalyst layer 61, so that the temperature of the catalyst layer 61 gradually rises and reaches a temperature at which the decomposition gas can undergo an oxidation reaction. Thus, before starting the thermal decomposition, the temperature of the catalyst layer 61 is raised to about 300 ° C. or more by the heating heater 70 so that the thermal decomposition starts and the decomposition gas suddenly enters the catalyst layer 61. However, the oxidation reaction takes place instantly, and it is detoxified instead of carbon dioxide or water.

Next, the flow of cracked gas in the gas purification chamber 3 in a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described.
The cracked gas exiting from the discharge port 56 (FIG. 2) of the pyrolysis chamber 2 enters the bottom space 71 of the gas purification chamber 3. The cracked gas that has entered the bottom space 71 is exchanged with high-temperature catalytic reaction heat in the process of passing through the first side wall space 75 (FIG. 4). Electricity is possible). The gas that has passed through the side wall space 75 that can exchange heat enters the inside through a rectangular hole-like inlet 76 (FIG. 5) on the left side of the upper part of the space. The interior extends downward and communicates with a second side wall space 77 which is an internal passage in which the electric heater 70 for heating is installed. The gas that has entered the second side wall space 77 (FIG. 5), which is an internal passage, descends and passes through the catalyst heating electric heater 70 that is horizontally arranged near the lower portion, and hits the first passage hole 79a. It rises and enters the entire lower surface of the first catalyst layer 61a (FIG. 5).

  In FIG. 5, the gas that has risen through the first catalyst layer 61a enters the upper passage hole 79b on the opposite side of the passage hole 79a that has entered, rises there, and rises there from the second catalyst layer in the middle stage. It enters the entire lower surface of 61b. Here, as with the first catalyst layer 61a, the gas enters the second passage hole 79c at the end opposite to the passage passage 79b that has entered, and the gas rises from there to the entire lower surface of the third catalyst layer 61c. enter. The gas that has risen through the third catalyst layer 61c travels to the end opposite to the second passage hole 79c that has entered, and then descends from the outlet 82 of the gas purification chamber 3 through the suction fan 60. Is sucked and exhausted.

  The catalyst used in the method of the present invention can oxidize the cracked gas with a catalyst having a honeycomb structure or a particle shape supporting platinum, palladium or the like, but preferably a diesel of granular ceramics (Japanese Patent No. 4055710). What is used for the catalyst for engines is optimal. This is because the cracked gas contains a tar component and the like, and a honeycomb-shaped catalyst may clog some fine gas passages. As the gas purification chamber used in the thermal decomposition, the gas purification chamber described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2009-239757 of the present applicant can be used, but the gas purification chamber of the present invention having the following characteristics is used. More preferably it is used.

(1) The catalyst layer temperature can be raised in a short time.
In the gas purification chamber 3, it is necessary to prepare the temperature of the catalyst layer 61 from the normal temperature to about 300 ° C. (temperature range in which the decomposition gas can be purified) with the electric heater 70 before the decomposition of the waste. The catalyst is a ceramic carrier and has a large heat capacity and is difficult to raise the temperature. However, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, three stages of catalyst layers 61a to 61c are arranged in the vertical direction to generate heat generated by the electric heater 70 as a catalyst. Since the entire layer is distributed without waste, the heat transfer and the gas flow coincide with each other, and the temperature raising time of the catalyst layer 61 can be shortened, and the electric heater can be saved. When the gas is generated and the oxidation reaction occurs, the temperature of the catalyst layer changes in the range of about 400 to about 600 ° C. by the heat of reaction, so that the electric heater for raising temperature can be turned off. Further, when the temperature becomes about 400 ° C. or lower, the temperature raising heater is turned on.

(2) An abnormally high temperature of the catalyst layer hardly occurs due to the catalytic oxidation reaction.
If pyrolysis progresses and a large amount of cracked gas is generated, the oxidation reaction becomes active accordingly and the catalyst layer temperature may rise rapidly. Since noble metals such as platinum and palladium are supported on ceramics, etc. in the catalyst, noble metal sintering phenomenon (a phenomenon in which noble metals are solidified and peeled off by a ceramic carrier) occurs when the reaction temperature exceeds about 700 ° C. May lose. In these phenomena, when a large amount of cracked gas enters the catalyst layer, heat is generated by the oxidation reaction by the catalyst, and further oxidation reaction is promoted by the propagation of the heat, and the temperature near the catalyst layer outlet may become abnormally high. . In order to solve this, in the present invention, the catalyst layers are divided into three layers and spaces are provided between the catalyst layers so that each catalyst layer can independently undergo an oxidation reaction. The structure suppresses propagation in the space. For example, when the amount of cracked gas is small, the oxidation reaction can be almost completed in the first stage catalyst layer, the gas is rendered harmless, and the purified gas passes through the second and subsequent catalyst layers without undergoing an oxidation reaction. In addition, when the cracked gas is in a large amount, the cracked cracked gas can react in the second and subsequent catalyst layers. The presence of an appropriate space between the catalyst layers can prevent an abnormally high temperature because the reaction of the catalyst is temporarily interrupted while transferring the heat of reaction to the next catalyst layer.

(3) Low gas inflow resistance and high catalytic reaction efficiency.
Since noble metals used for the catalyst are expensive, we devised a minimum amount of catalyst required for gas purification. That is, the opening area of the inlet of the catalyst layer was increased, and the thickness of the catalyst layer in the gas flow direction was suppressed as much as possible to divide the catalyst layer into three layers. By arranging the gas passage inlets and outlets so as to face each of the three catalyst layers, the gas flows efficiently through the catalyst layers, and the amount of catalyst can be saved. Furthermore, there is little inflow resistance.

  When the inflow resistance increases in the catalyst layer, the gas tends to flow through a place where the resistance is low, and a drift may occur, resulting in a reduction in gas purification ability. In the catalyst layer of the present invention, when the amount of gas is small, the gas rising from the gas passage can flow vertically and obliquely upward from the lower surface of the catalyst layer near the gas passage, but when the amount of gas increases, the gas rising from the gas passage Moves in the horizontal direction, spreads over the entire lower surface of the catalyst layer, and flows through the entire catalyst layer. Thus, a catalytic oxidation reaction corresponding to the amount of gas can be performed.

It is a perspective view which shows the whole waste disposal apparatus of this invention. It is side surface sectional drawing of the processing apparatus of the waste of this invention. It is sectional drawing which shows the AA cross section of the thermal decomposition chamber 2 of FIG. It is a rear view of the processing apparatus of this invention. It is AA sectional drawing which shows a part of gas purification chamber and thermal decomposition chamber of FIG. It is the schematic which shows the state which put the processed material on the saucer stand of an insertion part. It is the schematic which shows the state which injected the processed material into the injection | throwing-in part, and closed the insertion lid | cover. It is the schematic which shows the state to which a processed material moves from a saucer stand to a receiving lid by swinging the input lever of an input part to the near side. It is the schematic which shows the state by which the input lever of the input part was returned to the original position, and the processed material was supplied into the thermal decomposition chamber. It is the schematic which shows the state (it represents the time of initial injection | throwing-in) in which the waste volume is reduced by the thermal decomposition process and microwave irradiation in a thermal decomposition chamber. It is the schematic which shows the state in which the following waste material is thrown into a thermal decomposition chamber from a charging part. It is the schematic which shows the state in which the following waste was thrown into the thermal decomposition chamber.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Processing apparatus 2 Pyrolysis chamber 3 Gas purification chamber 4 Waste 10 Input part 11 Input port 12 Input lid 13 Receptacle stand 18 Receptacle door 21 Cylindrical fire bar 22 Electric heater 30 Ash accumulation part 43 Microwave outlet 50 Air inflow Adjustment mechanism 52 Air inflow control valve 53 Air inflow sensor 56 Gas exhaust port 60 Suction fan 61 Catalyst layer 70 Electric heater 73 Catalyst layer casing

Claims (17)

A waste treatment apparatus for treating the waste by irradiating the waste containing water put into the pyrolysis chamber with a microwave generated by a microwave transmitter,
The treatment apparatus includes a pyrolysis chamber for pyrolyzing waste,
It has a gas purification chamber that purifies generated gas including pyrolysis gas generated in the process of pyrolysis by catalytic oxidation,
In the pyrolysis chamber, a gas discharge port for supplying pyrolysis gas generated in the heating process to the gas purification chamber is provided.
An apparatus for treating waste, wherein an electric heater for heating and decomposing the waste and a cylindrical firebed bar for sending air are provided in the pyrolysis chamber. A waste treatment apparatus for treating the waste by irradiating the waste containing water put into the pyrolysis chamber with a microwave generated by a microwave transmitter,
The treatment apparatus includes a pyrolysis chamber for pyrolyzing waste,
It has a gas purification chamber that purifies generated gas including pyrolysis gas generated in the process of pyrolysis by catalytic oxidation,
In the pyrolysis chamber, a gas discharge port for supplying pyrolysis gas generated in the heating process to the gas purification chamber is provided.
In the pyrolysis chamber, an electric heater for heating and decomposing the waste and a cylindrical firebed bar for sending air are provided, and the cylindrical firebed bar is required for the thermal decomposition of the waste. A waste treatment apparatus, wherein the waste treatment apparatus is connected to an air inflow adjusting mechanism that guides air into the pyrolysis chamber. A waste treatment apparatus for treating the waste by irradiating the waste containing water put into the pyrolysis chamber with a microwave generated by a microwave transmitter,
The treatment apparatus includes a pyrolysis chamber for pyrolyzing waste,
It has a gas purification chamber that purifies generated gas including pyrolysis gas generated in the process of pyrolysis by catalytic oxidation,
In the pyrolysis chamber, a gas discharge port for supplying pyrolysis gas generated in the heating process to the gas purification chamber is provided.
In the pyrolysis chamber, an electric heater for heating and decomposing the waste and a cylindrical firebed bar for sending air are provided, and the cylindrical firebed bar is required for the thermal decomposition of the waste. Is connected to an air inflow adjusting mechanism that guides air into the pyrolysis chamber, and
A waste treatment apparatus comprising: a waste input unit having a mechanism for relaying the acceptance of the waste and preventing the cracked gas in the pyrolysis chamber from leaking to the outside air in the pyrolysis chamber. A waste treatment apparatus for treating the waste by irradiating the waste containing water put into the pyrolysis chamber with a microwave generated by a microwave transmitter,
In the pyrolysis chamber, an electric heater for heating and decomposing the waste, and a cylindrical fire bed bar for sending air are provided.
An air inflow adjustment mechanism for adjusting the amount of air necessary for pyrolysis of waste and guiding the air into the pyrolysis chamber is connected to the cylindrical fire floor bar,
In the pyrolysis chamber, a waste input unit having a mechanism that relays the acceptance of the waste and does not leak the cracked gas in the pyrolysis chamber to the outside air,
In the pyrolysis chamber, an ash accumulation part is provided for dropping ash after pyrolysis from the gap between the electric heater in the fire bed and the cylindrical fire bed rod,
The ash accumulation part has an ash removal outlet from which the ash after decomposition of the waste can be taken out from the outside, and an ash check lid is attached so as to be openable and closable through a seal for preventing gas leakage and microwave leakage Waste treatment equipment characterized by The electric heater forms a fire bed portion alternately arranged in parallel with the cylindrical fire bed rod for supplying a regulated amount of air, and drops the ash after the pyrolysis treatment from each gap. While providing an ash accumulation part,
The waste processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste from the charging unit is placed on the fire bed.   The cylindrical fire floor bar has a plurality of air ports directed downward from the pyrolysis chamber, and an amount of air adjusted by the air inflow adjusting mechanism is supplied from the air ports. The waste processing apparatus of any one of Claims 1-5.   The air inflow adjusting mechanism is composed of a pipe that adjusts the amount of air necessary for pyrolysis and guides air into the pyrolysis chamber, and has an air intake port outside the pyrolysis chamber and an air inflow control valve that can adjust the air inflow amount. And at least an air inflow sensor capable of detecting the amount of air inflow. The waste treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6. The charging unit has at least a charging lid for blocking outside air, a receiving door for blocking the pyrolysis chamber, and a receiving tray on which waste is placed,
The cradle door operates in conjunction with the cradle base, swings the cradle base from the outside of the charging unit, opens and closes the cradle door of the charging unit, and disposes waste on the pan table in the pyrolysis chamber. The waste disposal apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a mechanism for feeding into the wastewater.   The said cradle door can move the waste in a cradle base from the said cradle base to a cradle door, if it inclines the said cradle base to the pyrolysis chamber side, and can throw in into a pyrolysis chamber from an input part. Waste disposal equipment.   A method for treating water-containing waste, wherein the waste is irradiated with microwaves to evaporate and dry the water in the waste, and the amount of air supplied to the pyrolysis chamber is limited, A waste treatment method that does not involve flame combustion, which comprises heating waste with an electric heater to pyrolyze it, oxidizing the generated gas with odor containing pyrolysis gas and water vapor with a catalyst to make it non-brominated and harmless .   A method for treating water-containing waste, wherein the amount of air supplied to the pyrolysis chamber is limited, the waste is heated with an electric heater to be thermally decomposed, and the waste is irradiated with microwaves. When the moisture in the waste is evaporated and dried, the next waste is thrown in without causing the odor with pyrolysis gas and water vapor to leak to the outside air, and the generated gas with odor containing pyrolysis gas and water vapor A waste treatment method that does not involve flame combustion, comprising a step of oxidizing and deoxidizing the catalyst with a catalyst to make it non-bromide and detoxify.   A method for treating water-containing waste, wherein the waste is irradiated with microwaves to evaporate and dry the water in the waste, and the amount of air supplied to the pyrolysis chamber is limited, Waste is thermally decomposed by heating with an electric heater, and the generated gas generated in the process of thermal decomposition is sucked with a suction fan to make negative pressure in the pyrolysis chamber, and the amount adjusted by the air inflow adjustment mechanism by the negative pressure The waste treatment method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein only air is supplied to the fire bed portion through a cylindrical fire bed rod. A method for treating water-containing waste, wherein the heat-containing waste is thermally decomposed at a heating temperature of 400 ° C. or less and an air amount of about 0.2 m ³ / min or less necessary for thermal decomposition. The waste disposal method according to any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the waste disposal method is performed. It is a processing method of the waste containing a water | moisture content, Comprising: The process of throwing a waste into an input part contains the following process at least, The waste of any one of Claims 10-13 characterized by the above-mentioned. Processing method:
(1) Opening the charging lid, placing the waste on the tray in the charging section, closing the charging lid and compressing the waste on the tray;
(2) swinging the charging lever to open the receiving port of the pyrolysis chamber, and throwing the waste in the charging unit into the pyrolysis chamber along the tray base and the receiving door;
(3) Returning the input lever back to the original position, sealing the receiving door from the input portion, and thermally decomposing the input waste by irradiation with microwaves and heating with an electric heater; and (4) above ( 1) Repeat and put the waste to be processed next on the saucer base, close the input lid, then swing the input lever, and the waste again enters the pyrolysis chamber along the saucer base and the base door. Process.   In the treatment method of waste containing water, the waste is irradiated with microwaves to preferentially heat and evaporate the water in the waste to a dry state of about 150-200 ° C. The method for treating waste according to any one of claims 10 to 14, wherein the product is thermally decomposed in a range of about 250 ° C to 450 ° C. A method for treating waste containing water, wherein the method includes at least the following steps: The method for treating waste according to any one of claims 10 to 15:
(1) A step of controlling the temperature rise of the electric heater in the firebed portion before applying waste so as to give heat of about 400 ° C. to the waste;
(2) A step of controlling the temperature of the inlet of the catalyst layer to about 300 ° C. to 350 ° C. with an electric heater in the gas purification chamber;
(3) actuating the intake fan and supplying air of about 0.2 m ³ / min or less necessary for thermal decomposition from the outside air to the fire bed by the air inflow control valve; and (4) microwaves in the thermal decomposition chamber The process of irradiating the waste.   A method for treating water-containing waste, wherein the amount of air supplied to the pyrolysis chamber is based on temperature information of the catalyst layer, and when the temperature of the catalyst layer rises, the air inflow control valve is closed. 11. Controlling, reducing supply air, slowing down thermal decomposition, and controlling the direction in which the air inflow control valve is opened when the temperature of the catalyst layer is lowered to increase and continue thermal decomposition. The waste disposal method according to any one of -16.

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